@article {1792,
	title = { Tannin Gels and Their Carbon Derivatives: A Review },
	journal = { BIOMOLECULES },
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<p>Tannins are one of the most natural, non-toxic, and highly reactive aromatic biomolecules classified as polyphenols. The reactive phenolic compounds present in their chemical structure can be an alternative precursor for the preparation of several polymeric materials for applications in distinct industries: adhesives and coatings, leather tanning, wood protection, wine manufacture, animal feed industries, and recently also in the production of new porous materials (i.e., foams and gels). Among these new polymeric materials synthesized with tannins, organic and carbon gels have shown remarkable textural and physicochemical properties. Thus, this review presents and discusses the available studies on organic and carbon gels produced from tannin feedstock and how their properties are related to the different operating conditions, hence causing their cross-linking reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the steps during tannin gels preparation, such as the gelation and curing processes (under normal or hydrothermal conditions), solvent extraction, and gel drying approaches (i.e., supercritical, subcritical, and freeze-drying) as well as the methods available for their carbonization (i.e., pyrolysis and activation) are presented and discussed. Findings from organic and carbon tannin gels features demonstrate that their physicochemical and textural properties can vary greatly depending on the synthesis parameters, drying conditions, and carbonization methods. Research is still ongoing on the improvement of tannin gels synthesis and properties, but the review evaluates the application of these highly porous materials in multidisciplinary areas of science and engineering, including thermal insulation, contaminant sorption in drinking water and wastewater, and electrochemistry. Finally, the substitution of phenolic materials (i.e., phenol and resorcinol) by tannin in the production of gels could be beneficial to both the bioeconomy and the environment due to its low-cost, bio-based, non-toxic, and non-carcinogenic characteristics.</p>},
	url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02346433},
	author = {F.L. BRAGHIROLI and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A.F.N. BOSS and C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI}
}
@article {1674,
	title = { Fire-resistant tannin-ethylene glycol gels working as rubber springs with tuneable elastic properties },
	journal = { JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A },
	volume = {5},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {14720-14732},
	abstract = {<p>Fire-resistant elastic materials made from tannin, a natural polyphenol extracted from tree barks, and having the appearance and the consistence of rubber are described. They can be produced in any dimension and with any shape based on a quite simple protocol, only consisting in mixing tannin, water and ethylene glycol, in the presence of a low amount of p-toluene sulphonic acid. After curing at 85 degrees C in an oven and subsequent drying, black elastic blocks are recovered whose mechanical properties can be easily adjusted from the proportions of the ingredients, especially with the amount of ethylene glycol acting as plasticiser. As a result, materials from extra-soft to hard can be obtained. Their retardant performance towards fire is demonstrated, a well-known feature of phenolic compounds here observed for the first time with an elastic material. Physicochemical analyses are performed and explain the chemistry behind the performances of these new biosourced materials.</p>},
	author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and G. AMARAL-LABAT and L.I. GRISHECHKO and A. SANCHEZ-SANCHEZ and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {1168,
	title = {Chemical activation of tannin-based hydrogels by soaking in KOH and NaOH solutions. },
	journal = {Microporous \& Mesoporous Materials},
	volume = {196},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	chapter = {8},
	author = {A. SZCZUREK and G. AMARAL-LABAT and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {654,
	title = {Acoustic properties of cellular vitreous carbon foams},
	journal = {Carbon},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013},
	chapter = {76-86},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and E. GOURDON and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {651,
	title = {Mechanical properties of heat-treated organic foams},
	journal = {Physical Reviews},
	volume = {87},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and M. SAHIMI and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {638,
	title = {Structure and oxidation resistance of microcellular Si-SiC foams derived from natural resins},
	journal = {Ceramics International},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013},
	chapter = {1841-1851},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and C. ZOLLFRANK and A. ORTONA and S. PUSTERLA and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {647,
	title = {Systematic studies of tannin-formaldehyde aerogels: preparation and properties},
	journal = {Sci.Techn.Adv.Materials},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZCUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {670,
	title = {Tannin based xerogels with distinctive porous structure},
	journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013},
	chapter = {437-445},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and L.I. GRISHECHKO and V. FIERRO and B.N. KUTZNETSOV and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {533,
	title = {"Blue-glue": A new precursor of carbon aerogels},
	journal = { Microporous and Mesoporous Materials},
	volume = {158},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	chapter = {272-280},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and E. MASSON and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {518,
	title = {Electromagnetic shielding efficiency in Ka-band: carbon foam versus epoxy/CNT composites},
	journal = {J. Nanophotonics},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	author = {P. KUZIR and G. PADUBSKAYA and M. SHUBA and S. MAKSIMENKO and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. PIZZI and J. MACUTKEVIC and J. BANYS and S. BISTARELLI and M. MASTRUCCI and F. MICCIULLA and I. SACCO and S. BELLUCCI}
}
@article {541,
	title = {Highly mesoporous organic aerogels derived from soy and tannin},
	journal = {Green Chemistry},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	chapter = {3099-3106},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and L. GRISHECHKO and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and B. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {521,
	title = {Impact of depressurizing rate on the porosity of aerogels},
	journal = {Microporous \& Mesoporous Materials},
	volume = {152},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	chapter = {240-245},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and E. MASSON and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {535,
	title = {New tannin-lignin aerogels},
	journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	chapter = {347-355},
	author = {L. GRISHECHKO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and V. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {634,
	title = {New tannin-lignin aerogels},
	journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	chapter = {347-355},
	author = {L. GRISHECHKO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and V. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD}
}
@article {526,
	title = {Pore structure and electrochemical performances of tannin-based carbon cryogels},
	journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	chapter = {274-282},
	author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and N. STEIN and C. BOULANGER and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD}
}
