@article {1851, title = { Addition of cellulose nanofibers extracted from rice straw to urea formaldehyde resin; effect on the adhesive characteristics and medium density fiberboard properties }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {99}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In this research cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were successfully extracted from rice straw through a chemomechanical method and then mixed with urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive for the production of medium density fiberboard (MDF). The industrial grade liquid urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin with formaldehyde: urea molar ratio of 1.15 was modified by adding 0.5, 1.5 and 2 wt \% of nanofibrillated cellulose (CNF) based on UF resin solids. The morphology, gel time, viscosity, and the non-volatile solid content of the modified UF adhesive were investigated. Formaldehyde emission and some mechanical properties modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and internal bond strength (IB)) of the resulting MDF panels were measured. Solids content and viscosity of the UF adhesive decreased while gel time increased by mixing CNF with the resin. The formaldehyde emission of the panels made with UF containing CNF was lower than that of the panels made from neat UF while MOR, MOE and IB values increased by increasing the CNF content in the panels.

}, author = {A. MOSLEMI and M.Z. KOOHI and T. BEHZAD and A. PIZZI} } @article {1860, title = { Direct reuse at industrial level of ion-exchange resin regeneration wastewater in MDF manufacturing }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {523-531}, abstract = {

Industrial wastewater is currently a big challenge for authorities due to its environmental issues when disposed to the ecosystem. From an economic perspective and long treatment time, it is yet more reasonable to recover and reuse wastewater in industries. In this work, the wastewater from an ion exchange resin regeneration process was directly and without any further treatment reused in the wood industry for manufacturing medium density fiberboards (MDF). Comparing with the disposal criteria of international standards, the reused wastewater exhibited much higher electrical conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solid, total suspension solid, and inorganic salt content than the permissible limits; therefore, it is categorized as hazardous material. The highly saline wastewater was added during and after synthesizing of the urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin but before mixing with the wood fibers. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analyses of the UF resin samples, respectively, demonstrated the high stability of the chemical structure and higher strength against decomposition for the UF resins after being treated with the wastewater. The physico-mechanical properties of MDFs prepared by reused wastewater were significantly improved whilst the formaldehyde emission of the boards was noticeably reduced (~ 17\%) to the benefit of the environment.

}, author = {M.V. KIAMAHALLEH and M.K. DAZMIRI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1854, title = { Geographic and intraspecific variability of mesquitol amounts in Prosopis juliflora trees from Kenya }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {801-809}, abstract = {

Several studies have shown that the heartwood of Prosopis juliflora contains high amounts of a naturally rare flavan-3-ol compound identified as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)chromane-3,7,8-triol otherwise known as (-)-mesquitol (1). It is known to possess strong antioxidant properties, which may be of valuable interest for further valorization. However, no data exists so far showing the variations of its abundance depending on the different geographic habitats of the tree, the age and the different parts of the tree stem. The variability of flavan-3-ols depending on the geographical area and intra-specific variability within P. juliflora trees from Kenya was addressed in this substantive study. The study was done using wood extracts from three different counties in Kenya (Baringo, Garissa and Turkana Counties). Wood samples were separated into two categories of ages; small trees, aged less than 4 years and the big trees, aged more than 8 years. Each sample was divided into five different parts, which included the bark, sapwood, knot wood, heartwood and the pith. Serial extractions were done by the Dionex accelerated solvent extractor using four solvents in increasing polarity (dichloromethane, acetone, toluene: ethanol (2:1 v/v) and finally water). Gas chromatographic analysis coupled to mass spectrometry was employed to identify the different compounds present in the extracts. LC-MS/MS method was thereafter developed and used to confirm the identity and quantify the amounts of mesquitol present. Two other flavan-3-ols identified and quantified included catechin (2) and 4 \&$\#$39;-O-methylgallocatechin (3). A systematic study on the mass spectra and the observed fragmentations of the flavonoids showed that mesquitol compound is the most abundant compound in P. juliflora with high amounts being found in the heartwood and pith of the acetonic extract (47-72\%). Mesquitol abundance was also found to vary depending on the age of the tree and on the geographical areas.

}, author = {S.C. CHEPKWONY and S. DUMARCAY and H. CHAPUIS and A. KIPROP and P. GERARDIN and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {1848, title = { High adsorption capacity of nitrobenzene from aqueous solution using activated carbons prepared from vegetable waste }, journal = { ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS \& SUSTAINABLE ENERGY }, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The present study reports the preparation of chemically activated carbons (PAC and ZAC) from apricot stones using phosphoric acid and zinc chloride, respectively. The potential use of the prepared carbons, as adsorbents, and the effect of chemical activation on the surface properties and adsorptive mechanism of nitrobenzene (NB) were investigated. The physicochemical properties of the obtained materials were characterized by Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, Scanning Electron Microscope, FTIR Spectroscopy, EDX analysis, Boehm titration, and pH of zero charge. The results show that the prepared samples present high apparent surface areas (1,382 and 1,111 m(2)/g for PAC and ZAC, respectively) and pores volumes with the presence of various functional groups. It was found that pseudo-second model was the most suitable for the fitting of the experimental kinetic data and the intraparticle diffusion was not the unique rate-controlling stage. The adsorption isotherms were well described by the Langmuir and the Freundlich models. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of PAC and ZAC were about 476.2 and 490.2 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters showed the spontaneity, the exothermic nature, and the decrease in the randomness of the adsorption of nitrobenzene. Chemical regeneration showed that the prepared samples could be used for four time desorption-adsorption cycles with good efficiency for NB removal, indicating that the prepared carbons could be used as a low-cost alternative to commercial activated carbon for the removal of nitrobenzene from wastewater.

}, author = {Z. KECIRA and O. BENTURKI and A. BENTURKI and M. DAOUD and P. GIRODS} } @article {1862, title = { Numerical analysis and validation of a natural convection mix-mode solar dryer for drying red chilli under variable conditions }, journal = { RENEWABLE ENERGY }, volume = {151}, year = {2020}, pages = {659-673}, abstract = {

The objective of this paper is to model a natural convection mix-mode solar dryer (NCMMSD) for drying agricultural products in an environment with short sunshine duration. The solar dryer was used to dry red chilli and was operating under the climate of the coastal area of South Eastern Nigeria characterized by low solar radiation intensity with a short duration of sunshine hours. The model took into consideration the thermophysical properties of the drying air and dried red chilli. The simultaneous heat and mass transfer equations were solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutha method. The numerical solution allows for the determination of temperature and relative humidity of drying air at different points within the dryer as well as the moisture profile of the dried product. The experimental values of moisture ratios, temperature, and relative humidity during the mix-mode solar drying process with and without NaCl were used to validate the proposed model. Numerical simulation results were in close agreement with experimental results. The present model can serve as good reference bases to explain the drying phenomenon of mix-mode solar drying of other agricultural products when necessary thermophysical properties of these products are known. Using this model, the potential of mitigating gross fossil (coal) CO2 in Africa is annually estimated to 1280148 tons of CO2.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521198/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and M.C. NDUKWU and A. ZOULALIAN and L. BENNAMOUN and F. KIFANI-SAHBAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1887, title = { Pressure-Driven Gas Flows in Micro Channels with a Slip Boundary: A Numerical Investigation }, journal = { FDMP-FLUID DYNAMICS \& MATERIALS PROCESSING }, volume = {16}, year = {2020}, pages = {147-159}, abstract = {

In this paper, flow of slightly rarefied compressible nitrogen in microchannels has been investigated numerically for low values of Reynolds and Mach numbers. The 2D governing equations were solved using Finite Element Method with first-order slip boundary conditions ( Comsol Multiphysics software). A validation was performed by comparing with similar configuration from the literature. It was found that our model can accurately predict the pressure driven flow in microchannels. Several interesting findings are reported about the Relative pressure, longitudinal velocity, Mach number, effect of gas rarefaction and flow rate.

}, author = {A. AISSA and M.E.A. SLIMANI and F. MEBAREK-OUDINA and R. FARES and A. ZAIM and L. KOLSI and M. SAHNOUN and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1870, title = { Recovery of lignin and lignans enriched fractions from thermomechanical pulp mill process water through membrane separation technology: Pilot-plant study and techno-economic assessment }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION }, volume = {249}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Membrane process is a viable option for valuable compounds such as lignin and lignans recovery in aqueous discharges of thermomechanical pulp industries. Recovery of lignin and lignans with continuous mode ultrafiltration/nanofiltration installation has not been studied in detail previously. After flotation used to remove lipophilic matter of pulp mill effluent, the three steps membrane process was composed of a clarification step by a 150 kDa ultrafiltration used to remove suspended matter, followed by two nanofiltrations of 1 kDa and 300 Da to respectively retain lignin and lignans. A techno-economic evaluation of this process has been performed. The process with a plant capacity of 60 m(3) h(-1) was able to produce 12 tons of lignin and 825 kg of lignans per month. The influence of plant capacity between 0.1 and 60 m(3) h(-1) on extracts production cost allows determining a production cost equal or below 10 V.kg(-1) as plant capacity reached 10 m(3) h(-1). Valorization of lignin and lignans as parts of the formulas of high added value products could allow thermomechanical plants to head towards biorefinery and cleaner production concepts. Furthemore, the 300 Da permeate possessed the required characteristics to be re used and save fresh water utilization.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02474260/}, author = {M. VILLAIN-GAMBIER and M. COURBALAY and A. KLEM and S. DUMARCAY and D. TREBOUET} } @article {1845, title = { Towards experimental and numerical assessment of the vibrational serviceability comfort of adhesive free laminated timber beams and CLT panels assembled using compressed wood dowels }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {216}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations on the vibrational serviceability performance of novel adhesive free engineered wood products (AFEWPs), namely adhesive free laminated timber beams (AFLB) and adhesive free cross-laminated timber panels (AFCLT), assembled through thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels (CWD). The laminations composing the AFEWPs are made of oak timber while the CWD are made of spruce. The experimental modal analyses were carried out under free-free conditions using a hammer impact. Natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios were assessed experimentally. In addition, similar glued beams made of oak timber (conventional glulam) were manufactured and tested for comparison purpose. A predictive 3D FE model was developed and validated by comparison against experimental data and then used to predict the vibrational behavior of a realistic flooring system made with AFCLT panel and measuring 4.5 m x 5.5 m. The predicted FE results were discussed with regard to the Eurocode 5 vibrational serviceability design requirements showing acceptable vibrational performance. The variability level of the results for the AFEWPs is also studied and discussed.

}, author = {T.A. BUI and M. OUDJENE and P. LARDEUR and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1812, title = { African tree bark exudate extracts as biohardeners of fully biosourced thermoset tannin adhesives for wood panels }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {132}, year = {2019}, pages = {253-268}, abstract = {

A totally \"bio\" hardener derived from the exudate extract of the African trees Vachellia nilotica and Senegalia senegal was investigated. It hardened a maritime pine tannin resin without any obvious presence of an aldehyde thus obtaining a completely \"bio\" adhesive for wood panels. MALDI-ToF and CP MAS C-13 NMR analysis indicated that the hardeners cross-linking species was 2,5-dihydroxymethyl furan linked onto carbohydrate chains. The hydroxymethyl furan moieties reacted both after detachment from the carbohydrate chains but also with carbohydrate chains still attached. The carbohydrates too were then involved as part of the binder. The gel times were slower than what was obtainable with paraformaldehyde but sufficiently fast to possibly be of industrial significance.

}, author = {B. NDIWE and A. PIZZI and B. TIBI and R. DANWE and N. KONAI and S. AMIROU} } @article {1807, title = { Convective drying of onion: modeling of drying kinetics parameters }, journal = { JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE }, volume = {56}, year = {2019}, pages = {3347-3354}, abstract = {

Drying is a simultaneous heat and mass transfer processes. Drying kinetics is determined by both internal properties and external drying conditions. In this study, two important drying kinetics parameters of onions i.e. effective water diffusivity and relative activation energy of reaction engineering approach (REA) are determined. The generated parameters are used to model thin layer drying of onion at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, and 70 degrees C) and relative humidity of 20\%. The effective water diffusivity is in the range of 2.8x10(-10)m(2)s(-1) and 8.1x10(-10)m(2)s(-1). Unlike the diffusivity, the relative activation energy of the REA is independent on drying conditions and thus the latter approach requires less effort in generating the transport properties. The transport parameters can be applied for assisting in designing dryer units and evaluating the performance of existing dryer units.

}, author = {A. COMPAORE and A. PUTRANTO and A.O. DISSA and S. OUOBA and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and A. BERE and J. KOULIDIATI} } @article {1799, title = { Determination of phenolic compounds by MALDI-TOF and essential oil composition by GC-MS during three development stages of Origanum majorana L. }, journal = { BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY }, volume = {33}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the maturation process of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) on essential oil composition, the phenolic profile of ethanolic extract and their antioxidant capacities. The essential oil composition was studied at three stages of maturity by GC-MS. Thirty compounds were detected representing 100\% of the total essential oil. p-Menth-1-en-4-ol was the major compound (37.15-76.94\%) followed by cyclohexanol-3,3,5 trimethyl (5.41-15.99\%) and alpha-terpineol (0.94-11.34\%). During the maturation process, an accumulation of oxygenated monoterpenes was observed. The phenolic composition was studied using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight. The analysis showed the presence of short flavonoid monomers at all stages of maturation. The antioxidant capacity of ethanolic extracts and essential oils was evaluated using the DPPH assay, iron chelating power and reducing power assay. The highest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were found at flowering stage. These findings on essential oil composition, phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of O. majorana at three different stages of development provide more information on how these secondary metabolites are accumulated.

}, author = {A. KHADHRI and I. BOUALI and C. AOUADHI and M.C. LAGEL and E. MASSON and A. PIZZI} } @article {1780, title = {Effect of granulometry and binder rate on the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of Africa antiaris sawdust particleboard made with the tannic powder of African locust been pod husk (Parkia biglobosa) and the India tamarin peel}, journal = { JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN ACADEMY OF WOOD SCIENCE }, volume = {16}, year = {2019}, pages = {94-102}, abstract = {

This study aims at appraising the capability of tannic powders of African locust been pod husks (Parkia Biglobosa) and of the India tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce) peel to bind Africa antiaris sawdust particles in order to manufacture environmental panels without formaldehyde emission. In the process, the granulometry has been studied. Thus, four granular groups (g) are obtained: 1.6 \< g \<= 5; 0.8 \< g \<= 1.6; g \<= 0.8; and the raw sawdust (non-sieved). The panels produced from the different powders have been characterized. The mechanical characteristics (MOE: modulus of elasticity and MOR: modulus of rupture) determined by the bending tests are found to respect the threshold specified by the ANSI A208.1 (Medium density fiberboard, National Particleboard Association, Gaithersburg, 2009) standard. The thermal conductivity values of the panels allow concluding that the manufactured panels are conventional insulators according to the French standards RT 2012. The analyses have shown that the panels are of Mean Density in conformity with ANSI A208.1 (Medium density fiberboard, National Particleboard Association, Gaithersburg, 2009) standard.

}, author = {S. DROVOU and K.A. KASSEGNE and K. KADJA and Y. KOUTSAWA and K. SANDA} } @article {1838, title = {The Effect of the Fin Length on the Solidification Process in a Rectangular Enclosure with Internal Fins}, journal = { FDMP-FLUID DYNAMICS \& MATERIALS PROCESSING }, volume = {15}, year = {2019}, pages = {125-137}, abstract = {

The aim of the proposed work is to study the solidification process within a rectangular enclosure provided with three internal rectangular fins attached to the left vertical wall of the cavity. This latest is filled with a phase change material (PCM), initially liquid, at a temperature above its melting temperature. The solidification process was initiated by cooling the left wall and fins to a temperature lower than the melting temperature. In order to study and examine the thermal behavior and thermal performance of the proposed system, a mathematical model, based on the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy was developed. The governing equations and their associated boundary and initial conditions were next adimensionalyzed. Therefore, several controlling parameters were appeared. The volume control method was used to discretize the equations. The resulting algebraic equations were solved iteratively. Numerical investigations were carried out to study and examine the effect of the dimensionless fin length on the hydrodynamic and thermal fields of the flow, the dimensionless heat flux, the solidified mass fraction and the dimensionless time of complete solidification.

}, url = {http://tsp.techscience.com//uploads/attached/file/20190617/20190617075402_53703.pdf}, author = {L. KHATRA and H. EL-QARNIA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1781, title = { Effect of the initial F/U molar ratio in urea-formaldehyde resins synthesis and its influence on the performance of medium density fiberboard bonded with them }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {95}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

The formaldehyde to urea molar ratio (F/U) plays an important role on the properties of urea formaldehyde (UF) resins and of the medium density fiber board (MDFs) bonded with them. This work presents a hypothesis that besides the final F/U molar ratio in UF resin preparation, the initial F/U affects both the formaldehyde emission levels and the physico-mechanical properties of the boards. Three initial molar ratios F/U of 1.9, 2.1 and 2.3 in resin synthesis have been examined in this work. The structural changes and thermal curing behavior of UF resins were tracked by C-13 NMR and DSC, respectively. At parity of final F/U molar ratio, the resin with initial F/U = 2.1 yielded the highest proportion of linear methylol groups, resulted in the best internal bond strength and lowest thickness swelling of the board. A resin synthesized with the initial F/U = 1.9 provided the highest proportion of total methylene linkages, most methylene ether linkage and lowest free formaldehyde, consistently yielding the lowest formaldehyde emission. These results partially explained why UF resins with lower F/U molar ratios showed relatively poor adhesion when used to manufacture wood-based composites. MDFs bonded with a UF resin having the initial F/U = 2.3 had a relatively good performance with the exception of free formaldehyde, but also showed the best storage stability compared to the other resins having lower initial F/U molar ratios.

}, author = {M.K. DAZMIRI and M.V. KIAMAHALLEH and A. DORIEH and A. PIZZI} } @article {1789, title = { Experimental investigations on adhesive free laminated oak timber beams and timber-to-timber joints assembled using thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {222}, year = {2019}, pages = {288-299}, abstract = {

This paper presents an experimental investigation on a novel adhesive free engineered Wood Products (AFEWPs) as an alternative to the conventional glued EWPs which have a high degree of petrochemicals. The research outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of using compressed wood dowels (CWD) as a joint element, to connect timber laminates and members as well as to substitute for adhesives and metallic fasteners. The paper describes the production of thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels as well as the manufacturing of the dowelled timber specimens. The strength and stiffness properties of CWD are characterized based on three-point bending tests and compared to the values obtained from uncompressed wood specimens. After that, the paper discusses the relative mechanical performances of three-layer dowelled oak beams subjected to four-point bending, in comparison to their conventional glued counterparts. Finally, the paper shows results obtained from double shear push-out tests under both monotonic and cyclic loadings, using two wood species, namely spruce and oak. The obtained results show clearly the potential of thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowel, as a joint fastener, for load bearing capacity.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521217}, author = {I. EL-HOUJEYRI and V.D. THI and M. OUDJENE and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME and A. SOTAYO and Z. GUAN} } @article {1776, title = { Modelling the hygrothermal behaviour of cement-bonded wood composite panels as permanent formwork }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {142}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This paper reports on the hygrothermal behaviour of a new bio-based composite building material, based on recycled wood fibres used as eco-aggregate within a cementitious matrix. A coupled heat and moisture transfer was established through the material and resolved numerically with a model developed herein. Relative humidity and temperature were chosen as driving potentials. The hygric and thermal properties of the material were analysed and then used as input parameters in the model. The accuracy of the latter was verified by comparing the simulation results with experimental hygrothermal tests, from which the moisture buffering value (MBV) could be determined. The MBV showed that the wood-cement composite material might contribute to improve the indoor thermal comfort and be relevant for low-energy building design.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02357702}, author = {M. LI and V. NICOLAS and M. KHELIFA and M. EL-GANAOUI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1787, title = { Particleboard bonded with bio-hardeners of tannin adhesives }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {77}, year = {2019}, pages = {1221-1223}, abstract = {

A totally bio hardener acting with an unusual and new hardening mechanism derived from the exudate extract of the African trees Vachellia nilotica and Senegalia senegal was used to harden a maritime pine tannin resin without any aldehyde obtaining a completely bio adhesive for interior particleboard. For a density and pH given, the internal bond (IB) values increased simultaneously with the rate of bio-hardener. The optimal dry IB values (0.63 MPa) were obtained with 15\% of bio-hardener solids. The low IB value (0.38 MPa) was obtained with 6\% of bio-hardener solids. The IB of panels manufactured with UF as hardener are slightly higher than those using the above bio-hardeners.

}, author = {B. NDIWE and A. PIZZI and R. DANWE and B. TIBI and N. KONAI and S. AMIROU} } @article {1831, title = { Structural response of cement-bonded wood composite panels as permanent formwork }, journal = { COMPOSITE STRUCTURES }, volume = {209}, year = {2019}, pages = {13-22}, abstract = {

Bio-sourced materials combined with a cementitious matrix offer an interesting alternative to traditional construction materials. To contribute to their wider acceptance by the sustainable construction market, an investigation into the use of wood-cement composite panels as stay-in-place or permanent formwork is presented. As individual panels, the mechanical performance was evaluated through three point bending tests. But, as part of the formwork system, their overall structural performance was evaluated through finite element simulation under the action of lateral pressure exerted by the concrete in a liquid state. The Concrete Damage Plasticity Model (CPDM) available in the Abaqus code is adapted and used to model the mechanical behaviour of the wood-cement composite. The obtained results show wood-cement composite panels offer a promising alternative for the development of a lightweight permanent formwork system, that can contribute to the thermal and acoustic comfort of green buildings.

}, author = {M. LI and M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1754, title = { Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea }, journal = { ISME JOURNAL }, volume = {12}, year = {2018}, pages = {367-379}, abstract = {

Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor. The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp. However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers. Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages. During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp. The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples. When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose. We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface. We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.

}, author = {D. KALENITCHENKO and N. LE-BRIS and L. DADAGLIO and E. PERU and A. BESSERER and P.E. GALAND} } @article {1730, title = { A constitutive numerical modelling of hybrid-based timber beams with partial composite action }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {178}, year = {2018}, pages = {462-472}, abstract = {

This work focuses on the development of a three dimensional constitutive model for timber to simulate the flexural behaviour of hybrid timber-steel and timber-concrete beams. This is motivated by the lack of dedicated non linear material behaviour laws for timber in the commercial finite element software by compared to the conventional materials such as concrete and steel.

The flexural behaviour of hybrid timber beams is very complex because of the combination of the two different material behaviours and their nonlinar and partial compostion action. Numerical simulation of such behaviour requires an accurate description of the nonlinear material behaviour, in particular that of timber because of its anisotropic nature. A realistic description of the material nonlinearities and of the composite action between the different materials could aid considerably in achieving acceptable predictions. An incremental approach based on the strong coupling between orthotropic elasticity, anisotropic plasticity with mixed nonlinear isotropic hardening and an isotropic damage is used. The developed constitutive model for timber is implemented in Abaqus code using an external subroutine. The 3D FE model is calibrated and validated through comparison with experimental data reported in literature. The model is able to predict the nonlinear structural response of hybrid beams in terms of load-midspan deflection, and provides an acceptable accuracy.

}, author = {T.T. TRAN and V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1719, title = { Modelling of heat transfer through permanent formwork panels exposed to high temperatures }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {185}, year = {2018}, pages = {166-174}, abstract = {

A small-scale fire test was performed on a wood-cement panel intended as a permanent formwork. The tested panel was subjected on one side to a uniform heat flux of about 6 kW/m(2). Measurements of the temperature profiles were recorded with thermocouples embedded in the sample. The density and its variation with temperature were obtained by taking weight measurements. The thermal conductivity of the wood-cement composite at room temperature was determined using the hot plate method. Its variation with temperature and that of the specific heat were determined using analytical and numerical approaches. Using the obtained data, a pyrolysis model, implemented in Abaqus, was developed to simulate the effect of heat in the panel. The validation of the model is carried out by simulating charring tests. The model provided reasonable predictions for the thickness of the charred layer and the temperatures profiles across the depth of the panel. The model can supplement the testing of small laboratory samples to characterise the fire performance of these panels, and hence help establish their certification for use in sustainable construction.

}, author = {M. LI and A. KHENNANE and B. BRANDELET and M. EL-GANAOUI and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1722, title = { Numerical simulation of fire integrity resistance of full-scale gypsum-faced cross-laminated timber wall }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {132}, year = {2018}, pages = {96-103}, abstract = {

Fire design requires three fire resistance criteria, namely integrity, insulation and load-bearing. In particular, repartition wall systems used in residential and commercial buildings are required to provide certification of insulation and integrity fire resistance and have to be analysed in the context of the characteristic time scales of a fire. This paper presents a numerical methodology to simulate the fire integrity resistance of full-scale timber based wall systems exposed to fire. The main contribution of this paper, with regard to the existing literature, is the presence of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel in the central part of the wall system, where the pyrolysis of timber was modelled explicitly in the energy balance equation system. For this end, a user-subroutine, called UMATHT, is developed and successfully implemented in the Abaqus finite element code for thermal analysis. The falling off of the gypsum boards under fire was considered implicitly in the FE model based on experimental observations. The obtained results show clearly the need to take into account explicitly the cracks and falling off of the gypsum boards for an appropriate prediction of the integrity fire resistance in order to reduce expensive experimental procedures.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521730/}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1733, title = { A simplified and fast computational finite element model for the nonlinear load-displacement behaviour of reinforced concrete structures }, journal = { COMPOSITE STRUCTURES }, volume = {194}, year = {2018}, pages = {468-477}, abstract = {

Numerical simulation of reinforced concrete structures requires the explicit representation of both the concrete and the reinforcement bars, where the two materials are modelled separately using appropriate constitutive laws including damage variables for concrete in compression and tension. Even if this way of modelling is convenient and satisfactory, it requires a huge computational effort especially in the case of large scale applications. The aim of this paper is to develop an alternative model dedicated for the simulation of large scale reinforced concrete structures with no need to represent explicitly the steel reinforcements. Based on the literature review, the authors developed a fictitious stress-strain relationship for reinforced concrete under tension. The model is based on the shape of the slip-adhesion curve between steel and concrete proposed by the European Committee for Concrete (C.E.B.) to estimate the crack opening widths. Relationships covering the cracked stage up to the yield point of the steel are proposed depending on the material properties of concrete and steel, on the reinforcement ratio, as well as on the crack widths. The developed model was successfully implemented in the ABAQUS commercial software. The effectiveness and computational efficiency are demonstrated through some examples under tensile and bending loadings.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02530728}, author = {S. BENAKLI and Y. BOUAFIA and M. OUDJENE and R. BOISSIERE and A. KHELIL} } @article {1763, title = { Thermal energy and economic analysis of a PCM-enhanced household envelope considering different climate zones in Morocco }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY }, volume = {37}, year = {2018}, pages = {515-532}, abstract = {

This study investigates the thermal energy potentials and economic feasibility of an air-conditioned family household-integrated phase change material (PCM) considering different climate zones in Morocco. A simulation-based optimisation was carried out in order to define the optimal design of a PCM-enhanced household envelope for thermal energy effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of predefined candidate solutions. The optimisation methodology is based on coupling Energyplus (R) as a dynamic simulation tool and GenOpt (R) as an optimisation tool. Considering the obtained optimum design strategies, a thermal energy and economic analysis are carried out to investigate PCMs integration feasibility in the Moroccan constructions. The results show that the PCM-integrated household envelope allows minimising the cooling/heating thermal energy demand vs. a reference household without PCM. While for the cost-effectiveness optimisation, it has been deduced that the economic feasibility is stilling insufficient under the actual PCM market conditions. The optimal design parameters results are also analysed.

}, author = {Y. KHARBOUCH and A. MIMET and M. EL-GANAOUI and L. OUHSAINE} } @article {1712, title = { Thermal performance investigation of a PCM-enhanced wall/roof in northern Morocco }, journal = { BUILDING SIMULATION }, volume = {11}, year = {2018}, pages = {1083-1093}, abstract = {

Energy efficiency improvement in building sector has become a real challenge in Morocco, especially in the northern region evolving a rapid urban growth. In this context, using the phase change materials (PCM) in the construction is presented as one of the promising solutions to enhance the thermal behaviour of building envelope. This work aims to investigate the thermal performance of a PCM integrated external wall and roof under the summer climate conditions of northern Morocco. Dynamic thermal characterization methodology is adopted through the calculation of decrement factor (DF) and time lag (TL) parameters. For that, a one-dimensional numerical model based on resistance-capacitance (RC) approach is developed and implicitly solved to simulate the heat transfer process through a wall/roof structure. The model is validated through a new small-scale experimental device. Different qualities of PCM, regarding its peak phase change temperature, have been evaluated. Moreover, the PCM layer emplacement within the wall/roof structure was evaluated considering two possible configurations. The obtained results show a significative enhancement of the thermal performance of different wall facades and roof through the use of the suitable PCM quality. An appropriate selection of PCM layer emplacement yields an evidenced enhancement in the case of the roof. As for the walls, the integration of PCM from the interior side increase the TL period but has a negative impact on the DF parameter.

}, author = {Y. KHARBOUCH and L. OUHSAINE and A. MIMET and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1672, title = { Characterization of Ficus sycomorus tannin using ATR-FT MIR, MALDI-TOF MS and C-13 NMR methods }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {807-815}, abstract = {

The Ficus sycomorus bark tannin was extracted and characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Middle Infrared (ATR-FT MIR) spectra in the 1800 and 600 cm(-1) range, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-13 NMR) spectroscopy methods. Ficus sycomorus species have a very high percentage (46\%) yield of tannin. These three characterization methods have shown that the Ficus sycomorus bark tannin is condensed and particularly a procyanidin type. It is composed of quercetin, apigenin, fisetinidin, catechin, gallocatechin, chalcone, radicinin, catechin gallate units with the presence of carbohydrates, quinone and gallic acid residues. The analysis results revealed that quercetin are the major constituents of Ficus sycomorus bark tannin. This procyanidin type tannin can give good wood adhesives.

}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and L. MEVA{\textquoteright}A} } @article {1691, title = { Cyclic and monotonic responses of double shear single dowelled timber connections made of hardwood species: Experimental investigations }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {132}, year = {2017}, pages = {188-195}, abstract = {

This paper presents experimental investigations on monotonic and cyclic behaviours of hardwood timber joints. Two sets of connections have been tested: double shear single dowelled timber-to-timber and slotted-in steel plate-to-timber joints. Three wood species have been considered: two hardwood species, namely beech and oak, and spruce for comparison purpose. Both monotonic and cyclic performances of joints have been evaluated and compared to the corresponding values calculated based on the Eurocode 5. The obtained results show clearly the potential interest and performances of hardwood structural joints for high load bearing capacity, as compared to their equivalent softwood joints. The obtained results showed also that the predictions of the European Yield Model regarding the load-carrying capacity penalize the joints made of hardwood species.

}, author = {M. OUDJENE and V.D. TRAN and M. KHELIFA} } @article {1675, title = { Finite element analysis of heat transfer through timber elements exposed to fire }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {143}, year = {2017}, pages = {11-21}, abstract = {

Since timber is a combustible material, its safe use in construction will depend on a proper knowledge and modelling of the physical and chemical reactions involved in the pyrolysis, that affect the temperature growth and thus the performance of timber in fire. Based on the comprehensive one-dimensional analytical models of the pyrolysis available in the literature, it is required to implement a predictive FE model via a user-defined subroutine in the dedicated commercial software in order to describe more closely the real physical phenomena that undergo timber exposed to fire. This paper presents the implementation of the UMATHT subroutine in the Abaqus software. The obtained results showed a fairly good agreement with experimental ones from the literature. However, at this stage of the study the pyrolysis is taken into account implicitly in the developed UMATHT through gradually modified thermo-physical properties of the timber, as commonly adopted in the published literature. Work is now in progress to implement explicitly the different reactions of the pyrolysis in the developed UMATHT.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521755/}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1666, title = { Knot extractives: a model for analysing the eco-physiological factors that control the within and between-tree variability }, journal = { TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION }, volume = {31}, year = {2017}, pages = {1619-1633}, abstract = {

Abies alba knot extractive concentration increase from tree tip to living crown base and from tight to loose knot parts. The fitted model is proposed for further eco-physiological studies.

The physiological and ecological mechanisms controlling the knot richness in extractives require further investigations. We aim to design a model of the vertical distribution of the knot extractive concentrations as a prerequisite for further studies on the eco-physiological studies. At a first attempt, we use this model to test the effect of different competition situations. Fifteen Silver fir trees were sampled according to their social status within three thinning treatments. Discs containing knots were sampled according to their position in reference to the lowest living branch of each tree. Extractions were carried out with hexane and acetone successively. Extractive concentrations in both solvents as well as branch diameters were simultaneously modelled through the seemingly unrelated regression method. For all trees, knot extractive concentrations increase from the tree tip to the living crown base. According to the model, trees with the longest crowns, dominant or/and growing in the thinned stands, exhibited the largest knot extractive concentrations. The model depicted a vertical trend that strongly suggested inducing physiological factors such as protection zone, branch heartwood formation combined with compression wood formation. A strategy was proposed for the quantification of the effect of the ecological factors on the extractive concentrations of knots when these factors act either directly or indirectly via physiological factors. The model is thus an efficient tool to quantify the eco-physiological control on knot extractives.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01611443/}, author = {Z. KEBBI-BENKEDER and R. MANSO and P. GERARDIN and S. DUMARCAY and B. CHOPARD and F. COLIN} } @article {1683, title = { Mechanical properties of model vitreous carbon foams }, journal = {CARBON}, volume = {116}, year = {2017}, pages = {562-571}, abstract = {

The present paper deals with the relations between structural and physical properties of model vitreous carbon foams, i.e., presenting different porous structures in terms of bulk density, cell size and connectivity, while having the same composition and the same carbon texture. Herein, their mechanical properties were investigated through a comparative analysis of samples either with or without rigid plates glued to their opposite faces and submitted to quasi-static compression. Both methods led to the same values of compressive strength, which followed the Gibson and Ashby (G\&A) equation for open-cell foams. The compressive modulus of both reticulated foams and cellular foams tested without plates only depended on the density and also followed the relation of G\&A for open-cell foams. For cellular foams with plates, the relation of G\&A for closed-cell foams applied with different values of phi, which is the percentage of solid only contained in the struts. Usually, only two types of foams are considered but it was highlighted here that a third type is of great interest: the semi-open-cell foams, which can be optimised through the values of both relative density and phi.

}, author = {M. LETELLIER and C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and M. KHELIFA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1698, title = { A numerical study of indoor air quality in a ventilated room using different strategies of ventilation }, journal = { MECHANICS \& INDUSTRY }, volume = {18}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

This study aimed to numerically investigate the air flow and contaminant dispersion in a ventilated room. The URANS equations supplemented with energy and concentration equations are solved using the scStream code. We are targeting primarily the ventilation effectiveness (epsilon(c)) and the index of indoor air quality (I-IAQ). Different displacement and mixing ventilation modes are investigated in isothermal conditions. The ventilation flow rate is 50 m(3). h(-1) Here, our ultimate aim is to suggest an effective ventilation that can ensure a good indoor air quality. The RNG k - epsilon model was adopted to handle the turbulence. CFD simulations were systematically checked, whenever possible, through available results. The simulation results indicate that the ventilation effectiveness to remove a contaminant and the index of indoor air quality are substantially influenced by the ventilation mode and the location of inlet and outlet air. From this study, it appears that the air flow and contaminant dispersion in a ventilated room can be typically predicted or evaluated by computer simulations.

}, author = {L. KOUFI and Z. YOUNSI and Y. CHERIF and H. NAJI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1668, title = { Predicting the beech wood decay and strength loss in-ground }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION \& BIODEGRADATION }, volume = {123}, year = {2017}, pages = {96-105}, abstract = {

In the context of reduction of CO2 emissions and costs in the construction industry, substitution of concrete by wood for foundation piles seems to be a promising alternative. To promote the use of local wood in pile foundation, diagnostic and prediction methodology of wood decay in soil need to be improved. Outdoor mesocosm decay experiments were performed to evaluate the potential use of beech wood as foundation piles. The stochastic occurrence of soil fungal inoculum in contact with mini-stakes and water gradient in wood explained the observed patchy wood decay pattern. Various patterns of wood rotting fungi were identified. The correlation between measured strength loss and mass loss was weak. Multivariate analyses using biochemical and physico-chemical data as inputs allowed section categorizations and prediction of wood strength. Accuracy of the prediction was validated by experimental measurement of the compression parallel to the grain (f(c),(o)).The categorization of unknown sections was computed by PLS-DA and provided clues inferring their service life. The described procedure has the potential to be transferred to on-site measurements to predict the f(c,o) of wood foundation pile or any potentially damaged timber structure.

}, author = {Q. KLEINDIENST and A. BESSERER and M.L. ANTOINE and C. PERRIN and J.F. BOCQUET and L. BL{\'E}RON} } @article {1663, title = { Removal of reactive dye (BEZAKTIV Red S-MAX) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from date palm rachis and jujube stones }, journal = { JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS }, volume = {243}, year = {2017}, pages = {799-809}, abstract = {

In this study, activated carbons were prepared from date palm rachis (RPK) and jujube stones (NJK), by-product agricultural wastes which have been tested for the elimination of reactive dye BEZAKTIV Red S-MAX (BRSM) from aqueous solutions by batch adsorption method. Both activated carbons were prepared using chemical activation by KOH as an impregnating agent (rate of KOH/biomass (w/w) of 0.74) at 800 degrees C in the presence of inert gas (N-2). RPK and NJK were characterized using BET, SEM, FTIR and Boehm titration mass. The results show that RPK possess the higher specific surface area (1160 m(2)/g). The effect of contact time, solution temperature and solution pH on the adsorption of BRSM dye were also studied. The experimental data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption capacities were calculated to be 12821 and 28.49 mg/g using RPK and NJK, respectively. The kinetic data were fitted to pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, elovich and intra-particle diffusion model. Thermodynamic parameters such as Delta G degrees, Delta H degrees and Delta S degrees were also estimated for the adsorption study and they were found to be spontaneous and endothermic processes. Desorption and regeneration study was made to test the viability of reusing the adsorbents. Lastly, it was found that RPK is efficient in dyes removal from real wastewater.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01644031}, author = {M. DAOUD and O. BENTURKI and Z. KECIRA and P. GIRODS and A. DONNOT} } @article {1687, title = { Tannin-boron complex as a preservative for 3-ply beech plywoods designed for humid conditions }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {71}, year = {2017}, pages = {249-258}, abstract = {

Boric acid (BA) effectively controls wood-rotting fungi and termite attack but is readily leached out in outdoor exposure. A newly developed tannin-boron (TB) complex has been investigated to reduce BA leaching and to preserve beech plywood from biological attack. Wood veneers were impregnated with different TB solutions and then bonded with a melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesive for bond class 2 applications. The formation of a solid hydrophobic TB network on the veneer surfaces partially decreased the tensile shear strength of plywood but the prepared panels met the requirements for bond class 2. The plywood samples made from veneers treated with only BA solutions showed fair resistance against white rot fungus and termite attack, but the durability decreased even after mild leaching tests. The panels made of treated veneers with TB formulations showed instead a high resistance against biological attack after mild leaching and to some extent after severe leaching tests. This depended on the concentration of tannin and BA in the solutions. Favorable results were obtained with 20\% tannin in the formulation. The results of the termites feeding choice test were more positive than those obtained by a forced feeding test. The control samples were attacked faster and showed higher weight loss when alternative samples included TB formulations.

}, author = {D. EFHAMISISI and M.F. THEVENON and Y. HAMZEH and A. PIZZI and A. KARIMI and K. POURTAHMASI} } @article {1596, title = { Catalytic gasification of biomass (Miscanthus) enhanced by CO2 sorption }, journal = { ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, pages = {22253-22266}, abstract = {

The main objective of this work concerns the coupling of biomass gasification reaction and CO2 sorption. The study shows the feasibility to promote biomass steam gasification in a dense fluidized bed reactor with CO2 sorption to enhance tar removal and hydrogen production. It also proves the efficiency of CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine bi-functional materials to reduce heavy tar production. Experiments have been carried out in a fluidized bed gasifier using steam as the fluidizing medium to improve hydrogen production. Bed materials consisting of CaO-based oxide for CO2 sorption (CaO-Ca12Al14O33) deposited on olivine for tar reduction were synthesized, their structural and textural properties were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) methods, and the determination of their sorption capacity and stability analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It appears that this CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine sorbent/catalyst presents a good CO2 sorption stability (for seven cycles of carbonation/decarbonation). Compared to olivine and Fe/olivine in a fixed bed reactor for steam reforming of toluene chosen as tar model compound, it shows a better hydrogen production rate and a lower CO2 selectivity due to its sorption on the CaO phase. In the biomass steam gasification, the use of CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine as bed material at 700 A degrees C leads to a higher H-2 production than olivine at 800 A degrees C thanks to CO2 sorption. Similar tar concentration and lighter tar production (analyzed by HPLC/UV) are observed. At 700 A degrees C, sorbent addition allows to halve tar content and to eliminate the heaviest tars.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01518102}, author = {I. ZAMBONI and M. DEBAL and M. MATT and P. GIRODS and A. KIENNEMANN and Y. ROGAUME and C. COURSON} } @article {1638, title = { Evaluating mold growth in tannin-resin and flax fiber biocomposites }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {83}, year = {2016}, pages = {438-443}, abstract = {

Flax fiber is an industrially available, renewable product with attractive technical properties for the composite industry such as density, mechanical strength and sound/heat insulation. Applications are developing quickly for biocomposites based on these fibers. However, unlike plastics, there is no standard used to assess its degree of contamination by microorganisms. Thus, the aims of this work were to detect and quantify molds in samples of nonwoven fibrous materials from industry and high resin content natural matrix-natural fiber biocomposites. In a first attempt, we tried to evaluate the fungal development on the nonwoven materials as defined in the ISO 846 standard. Despite the materials having been inoculated with molds, no fungal mycelium could be detected by this way. To validate this observation, we developed a qualitative approach based on the specific aniline blue method to stain the mycelium present in the material. This allowed us to detect the mold occurrence in the material and to evaluate the colonization extent on the nonwoven fibrous materials incubated under different conditions. The biocide efficiency of a boric acid pretreatment of flax fibers used in the manufacturing process of nonwoven fibrous materials and high resin content natural matrix-natural fiber biocomposites was determined by grading the mold development using the microscope-based method that we developed. The results showed clearly that in optimal mold growth conditions, (Aw \> 0.6, 26 degrees C) the colonization of the material was hampered by the boric acid pretreatment of the flax fibers. To get semi-quantitative data of the colonization extent, we used a molecular method. DNA was extracted from the different materials and the ribosomal region of the fungal DNA was amplified by PCR allowing the detection and the quantification of fungal colonization in the biosourced material. Results confirmed the microscopy-based method. Work is currently in progress to determine risk classes of mold colonization in wood-derived and fibrous-based composite materials.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598422}, author = {C. SEGOVIA and A. SAUGET and A. BESSERER and R. KUENY and A. PIZZI} } @article {1624, title = { Experimental and numerical analysis of CFRP-strengthened finger-jointed timber beams }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {68}, year = {2016}, pages = {283-297}, abstract = {

Experimental and finite element (FE) studies of bending behaviour of finger-jointed timber (Spruce) beams reinforced with CFRP material were performed. Four-point bending tests with distinct reinforcement configurations were proposed in order to determine stiffness, ductility and strength values of strengthened finger-jointed timber beams. The experimental results obtained under flexure showed that the external bonding of CFRP increased the load-bearing capacity of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams. The numerical results presented here were based on the Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) available in Abaqus code, allowing the description of the progressive failure mode of the finger-jointed timber beams under flexural load. The FE models took the different material constitutive laws (wood, CFRP and adhesive) into account, including the bond-slip actions between finger-joints and CFRP-timber interface. The results in terms of load-mid span deflection and failure modes obtained experimentally and numerically were compared. Once the FE simulations were calibrated, the differences between experimental and predicted ultimate loads were around 4.5\% only. A good agreement was therefore found, proving the relevance of the presented FE models to predict the load-bearing capacity and to capture the failure mode of CFRP-strengthened finger-jointed Spruce timber beams in bending.

}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. CELZARD and M. OUDJENE and J. RUELLE} } @article {1642, title = { Finite element modelling of the pyrolysis of wet wood subjected to fire }, journal = { FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL }, volume = {81}, year = {2016}, pages = {85-96}, abstract = {

The modelling of the pyrolysis of wet wood provides more realistic fire scenarios for structural fire design by taking into account variable thermal properties of wood which are beyond the scope of conventional structural fire design codes. The proposed numerical methodology has been written in MATLAB environment. A 2D nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to model the pyrolysis of wet wood subjected to high temperature. The varying of thermal proprieties of wood are discussed from the point of view of changes of structure and chemical composition under fire condition. The validity of the model is established by comparing the predicted results with results from fire resistance tests presented in literature. Qualitatively, the model provides good agreement with the experimental data. It is shown that the model can handle layers of a wooden composite structure. Temperature profiles at different points in the wood sample and the two-dimensional charring depth of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) panels are calculated and compared with experimental data.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01599583}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1622, title = { Ground plant meal potential market, functional properties and applications }, journal = { OCL-OILSEEDS AND FATS CROPS AND LIPIDS }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

The growing demand of bio-sourced products leads to an increasing interest for the development of new resources of raw materials. In order to generate a higher economic value in the oleoproteaginous sector, meals, co-products of oil extraction present qualities capable of being exploited in a wide range of sectors. These meals are mainly commercialized in feed application, but remain relatively weak used in the chemistry domain or even in food. To enlarge these applications, the pre-treatment of the raw material by grinding and air-classification offers technological outlooks for the conception of new extraction processes of interesting components. The present publication has the following goal: to examine the diversification of oleoproteaginous meal market, out of traditional usage in the chemistry domain; to characterize the meals chemical composition and their techno-functional properties; to evaluate the feasibility of valorizing these meals and their derivatives as substitutes or additives allowing the reduction of the level in petro-chemical product, for example, for the production of adhesive formulations for particle boards. To achieve this, different actions have been performed: evaluation of the potential and accessible market starting from metropolitan crops; analysis of the panorama of intellectual property for the identified markets; chemical characterization of ground plant meals and their soluble and insoluble fractions; applicability of the different obtained fractions, in terms of foaming power, emulsifier and gelifier; first application tests starting from rapeseed and sunflower meals in the wood panel board domain. The obtained results have allowed: to draw up a map of the inventive activity bound to the valorization of proteins from rapeseed, sunflower and soy meals and pea flour in various applications, highlighting the dynamism and the growing interest for industrials and academics to use oleo-proteaginous plant proteins; to explore techno-functional properties brought by these plant meals and their derivatives, in particular in the wood panel domain.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599499}, author = {A. MOREL and N. MANTRAND and S. BELAID and M. LOPEZ and D. CHEREAU and C. DEMAILLE and S. PAILLER and F. VALTER and O. GALET and J. GUEGUEN and R. KAPEL and A. PIZZI and F. GARRIGUE} } @article {1636, title = { In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Melanoma Effects of Pituranthos tortuosus Essential Oil Via Inhibition of FAK and Src Activities }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY }, volume = {117}, year = {2016}, pages = {1167-1175}, abstract = {

A large number of plants used in traditional medicines have been shown to possess antitumor activities. The aims of this study were to evaluate any anticancer effect of the essential oil (EO) extracted from P. tortuosus against B16F10 melanoma cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo. In vitro, EO was shown to induce apoptosis and to inhibit migration and invasion processes. Further investigation revealed that EO decreased focal adhesion and invadopodia formation which was accompanied by a drastic downregulation of FAK, Src, ERK, p130Cas and paxillin. Moreover, EO treatment decreased the expression level of p190RhoGAP, and Grb2, which impair cell migration and actin assembly. Mice bearing the melanoma cells were used to confirm any in vivo effectiveness of the EO as an anti-tumor promoting agent. In mice dosed with 100 mg EO/kg/d (for 27 days), tumor weight was inhibited by 98\% compared to that in mice that did not receive the product. In conclusion, these data suggested to us that an EO of P. tortuosus could evolve to be a potential medicinal resource for use in the treatment of cancers.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598421}, author = {M. KRIFA and S.E. EL-MESHRI and N. BENTOUATI and A. PIZZI and E. SICK and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA and P. RONDE} } @article {1635, title = { Induced Tannin Adhesive by Boric Acid Addition and Its Effect on Bonding Quality and Biological Performance of Poplar Plywood }, journal = { ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY \& ENGINEERING }, volume = {4}, year = {2016}, pages = {2734-2740}, abstract = {

Quebracho tannin wood adhesive in a non formaldehyde approach has a low hardening rate and needs more pressing time than formaldehyde-based wood adhesives during wood composites production. In this study, boric acid (BA) was used to increase autocondensation rate of tannin to make poplar plywood. The main ingredients of the adhesives included quebracho tannin, NaOH, hexamine, BA and polymeric isocyanate (PMDI). Thermomechanical analysis of without BA adhesives showed that maximum modulus of elasticity increased with increasing the initial tannin concentration from 40\% to 50\% (w/w), whereas no significant effect has been found by adding PMDI. Moreover, the addition of BA lowered time and temperature of hardening and increased modulus of elasticity of the adhesive. Also, tensile shear strength increased significantly with increasing the tannin concentration and the BA content (from 2\% to 4\%). Interestingly, applied BA in the glueline not only improved bonding quality of the panels but also provided good preservative performance against fungal attack even after mild leaching test.

}, author = {D. EFHAMISISI and M.F. THEVENON and Y. HAMZEH and A.N. KARIMI and A. PIZZI and K. POURTAHMASI} } @article {1633, title = { Numerical damage prediction in dowel connections of wooden structures }, journal = { MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES }, volume = {49}, year = {2016}, pages = {1829-1840}, abstract = {

The behaviour of timber connections is very complex because of the interaction between brittle and ductile failure modes that develop within the contact areas between the timber and the dowel. Simulating this behaviour numerically requires the use of multidimensional failure criteria as well as the use of coupled constitutive equations accounting for both non-linear isotropic hardening and isotropic ductile damage. Such a formulation is proposed in the present work and implemented within a Vumat user-defined subroutine in Abaqus/Explicit. The model is used to simulate the behaviour of a double shear timber steel connection. Good agreement was found between the FE results and experimental ones, which showed the good capability of the model to predict the onset of ductile damage and growth. It was found that failure results from ductile defects initiation, growth and propagation inside narrow shear bands wherein the plastic strain is highly localised.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294587}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1598, title = { Physicochemical of microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm fronds as potential methylene blue adsorbents }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {92}, year = {2016}, pages = {11-19}, abstract = {

The present study sheds light on the physical and chemical characteristics of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) isolated from oil palm fronds (OPF) pulps. It was found that the OPF MCC was identified as cellulose II polymorph, with higher crystallinity index than OPF alpha-cellulose (CrIOPFMCC: 71\%\> CrIOPF alpha-cellulose 47\%). This indicates that the acid hydrolysis allows the production of cellulose that is highly crystalline. BET surface area of OPF MCC was found to be higher than OPF alpha-cellulose (S-BETOPFMCC: 5.64 m(2) g(-1) \> SBETOPF alpha-cellulose :Q(a)(0) 2.04 m(2) g(-1)), which corroborates their potential as an adsorbent. In batch adsorption studies, it was observed that the experimental data fit well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm in comparison to Freundlich isotherm. The monolayer adsorption capacity (Q(a)(0)) of OPF MCC was found to be around 51.811 mg g(-1) and the experimental data fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and N.A. POHAN and Z.N. GARBA and M.J. KASSIM and A.A. RAHIM and N. BROSSE and M. YEMLOUL and M.R.N. FAZITA and M.K.M. HAAFIZ} } @article {1621, title = { Spectroscopy analysis of phenolic and sugar patterns in a food grade chestnut tannin }, journal = { FOOD CHEMISTRY }, volume = {203}, year = {2016}, pages = {425-429}, abstract = {

Tannin of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood, commonly used in winemaking was characterised with a spectroscopy qualitative approach that revealed its phenolic composition: several vibrational diagnostic bands assigned using the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Infrared Spectroscopy, and fragmentation patterns obtained using the Laser-Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight technique evidenced polygalloylglucose, e.g. castalagin/vescalagin-like structures as the most representative molecules, together with sugar moieties. The implication of these findings on winemaking application and the potential influence of the chemical structure on the sensory properties of wine are discussed.

}, author = {A. RICCI and M.C. LAGEL and G.P. PARPINELLO and A. PIZZI and P.A. KILMARTIN and A. VERSARI} } @article {1640, title = { THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ANNINGRE TANNIN RESIN }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {245-252}, abstract = {

Three formulations of aningre tannin resins containing in order the paraformaldehyde powder, hexamethylenetetramine and aqueous glyoxal as hardeners were developed. Their thermogravimetric analysis have shown that they begin to decompose respectively from 135 degrees C, 145 degrees C and 140 degrees C. About 24\%, 40\% and 39\% solid residues of their initial masses exist at the end of the analysis. Thermomechanical analysis has shown that the formulation containing paraformaldehyde powder as hardener has the best rigidity and the worst contains the hexamethylenetetramine. All formulations have different thermal degradation, differences were more significant between 400 and 900 degrees C. The decomposition of hardeners become more significant from 400 degrees C.

}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and P. GIRODS and M.C. LAGEL and M. KPLE} } @article {1401, title = {Aningre tannin extract characterisation and performance as an adhesive resin}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod}, volume = { 77}, year = {2015}, pages = {225{\textendash}231 }, author = {N. KONAI and A. PIZZI and D. RAIDANDI and M.C. LAGEL and C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and C. SAIDOU and A. HAMIDO and S. ABDALLA and F. BAHABRI and A. GANASH} } @article {1549, title = { Biobased foams from condensed tannin extracts from Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {144-153}, abstract = {

Different kinds of tannin-based foams were developed in the recent past with fisetinidin/robetinidin-type tannins extracted from mimosa (Acacia mearnsii) or quebracho (Schinopsis lorentzi) bark; or procyanidin-type tannins from pine (Pious pinaster and Pinus radiata). These biobased porous products revealed excellent properties similar to their synthetic counterparts in many applications. Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark is another large potential source of procyanidin-type tannins. In this study rigid and homogeneous foams were produced from purified tannins containing at least 80\% of polyflavonoid condensed tannins. This paper deals with the study of spruce tannins reactivity for rigid foam formulations. Characterization results have point out their very good mechanical resistance (sigma \> 0.08 MPa), and low thermal conductivities (lambda \< 0.045 W/m/K) at low densities (d \< 50kg/m3).

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294580}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M. COP and K. KEMPPAINEN and S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and M.P. LABORIE and M. SERNEK and A. CELZARD} } @article {1560, title = { Characterization of the curing process of mixed pine and spruce tannin-based foams by different methods }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {69}, year = {2015}, pages = {29-37}, abstract = {

Dielectric analysis, rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry were used in this study to analyse the curing process of tannin-based foams using mixture of maritime pine and Norway spruce tannins. The amounts of blowing agent (pentane) and catalyst (para-toluene sulphonic acid) were varied with the aim of monitoring the changes in the curing processes of foams.

A thermal analysis carried out by differential scanning calorimetry revealed an almost finished reaction at the time of the peak temperature, occurring from the reaction of foaming, whereas conversion results derived from dielectric analysis and rheological tests indicated that curing process began after the occurrence of maximum temperature. With increased catalyst concentration, the start of curing process was accelerated, while a raised amount of pentane delayed the curing process. The curing process of the tannin-based foams was divided into three characteristic phases: the induction phase, the expansion phase, and the structure-strengthening phase.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598441}, author = {M. COP and B. GOSPODARIC and K. KEMPPAINEN and S. GIOVANDO and M.P. LABORIE and A. PIZZI and M. SERNEK} } @article {1585, title = { Design and characterization of a portable heat storage facility }, journal = { MECHANICS \& INDUSTRY }, volume = {16}, year = {2015}, abstract = {

This paper deals with the experimental investigation of transient behavior and thermal storage capability of a sensible heat storage unit. The former is designed to store solar energy by using sand as a storage medium. A cubic unit has been designed employing three configurations of embedded charging tubes to study the performances of the system. The storage material used in this experimentation (sand) has been characterized by its, grain size, density, and heat capacity. Performances of the thermal storage bed (including charging time, energy stored rate, charging energy efficiency) have been evaluated for selecting the storage material. From our experiments, we found that the number of charging tubes affects significantly the storage performances.

}, author = {N. MAHFOUDI and A. KHACHKOUCH and A. MOUMMI and B. BENHAOUA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1410, title = {Evaluating mold growth in tannin-resin and flax fiber biocomposites}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod.,}, year = {2015}, author = {SEGOVIA, C. and SAUGET, A. and BESSERER, A. and KUENY, R. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1258, title = {FE simulation of repaired timber beams under tensile load using CFRP patches.}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {29}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {158}, author = {M. KHELIFA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1551, title = { Finite element analysis of flexural strengthening of timber beams with Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {101}, year = {2015}, pages = {364-375}, abstract = {

This study focuses on the flexural behaviour of timber beams externally reinforced using Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Plastics (CFRP). A non-linear finite element analysis was proposed, and was validated with respect to experimental tests carried out on seven beams. All the beams had the same square cross-section geometry and were loaded under four-point bending, but had different numbers of CFRP layers. The Abaqus software was used, and different material models were evaluated with respect to their ability to describe the behaviour of the solid timber beams. Elasto-plastic behaviour with damage effect was assumed for the timber material, linear elastic isotropic model was used for the CFRP, and a cohesive model was used to represent the interaction between two adherent surfaces (CFRP and timber). These two surfaces were paired and, taking into account the presence of an adhesive layer, one of them was defined as the master surface whilst the other was the slave surface. Predicted and measured load-mid-span deflection responses and failure modes were compared. The increases of flexural strength for the two different reinforcement schemes with 2 and 3 layers of CFRP composite sheets were 41.82\% and 60.24\%, respectively, with respect to the unreinforced timber beams. The maximal difference between calculated and experimental ultimate load-bearing capacity for reinforced solid timber beams with 2-layers of CFRP was around 1.2\%.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294583}, author = {M. KHELIFA and S. AUCHET and P.J. MEAUSOONE and A. CELZARD} } @article {1553, title = { Flexural strengthening of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams with CFRP }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {29}, year = {2015}, pages = {2104-2116}, abstract = {

This study describes an experimental and numerical investigation of the use of CFRP material for strengthening finger-jointed Spruce timber beams. The corresponding experimental work was based on a four-point bending test configuration in order to characterise stiffness, ductility and strength. The results show that the external bonding of CFRP increased the ultimate load-bearing capacity of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams under flexure. FE simulations were also carried out, based on the cohesive zone model (CZM) available in Abaqus software to allow an accurate description of the damage evolution of the bond lines within the finger joint until failure. The FE models incorporated the different materials\&$\#$39; nonlinear constitutive laws including bond-slip action between finger joints and CFRP-timber interface. The results indicated increases of 33.84\% and 16.7\% for flexural capacity and initial stiffness, respectively, in comparison with unreinforced finger-jointed Spruce specimens. Besides, comparisons of computed and experimental ultimate loads for all tested specimens showed that the absolute error was around 5\%. It is concluded that the developed FE models are able to predict accurately ultimate load and failure mode of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams strengthened with CFRP materials.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294579}, author = {M. KHELIFA and M.A. LAHOUAR and A. CELZARD} } @article {1396, title = {The GSTome reflects the chemical environment of white-rot fungi.}, year = {2015}, author = {A. DEROY and F. SAIAG and Z. KEBBI-BENKEDER and N. TOUAHRI and A. HECKER and M. MOREL-ROUHIER and F. COLIN and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN and E. GELHAYE} } @article {1563, title = { Immunomodulatory and anticancer effects of Pituranthos tortuosus essential oil }, journal = { TUMOR BIOLOGY }, volume = {36}, year = {2015}, pages = {5165-5170}, abstract = {

Many studies have been performed to assess potential utility of natural products as immunomodulants to enhance antitumor activity in situ. In this study, an essential oil (EO) from the aerial parts of Pituranthos tortuosus was prepared using hydrodistillation, its composition was characterized, and its immunomodulatory potential was assessed. The results indicated that the EO contained sabinene, a-pinene, limonene, and terpinen-4-ol as major constituents. EO was also found to be able to significantly promote lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, suggestive of a potential for activation of B cells and enhanced humoral immune responses in hosts given this product. Effects of EO on cell proliferation and apoptosis were also investigated in B16F10 melanoma cells. EO-induced tumor cell growth inhibition was associated with characteristic apoptotic changes in the cells, including nuclear condensation. In conclusion, these data suggested to us that an EO of P. tortuosus could evolve to be a potential medicinal resource for use in the treatment of cancers.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598446}, author = {M. KRIFA and H. EL-MEKDAD and N. BENTOUATI and A. PIZZI and K. GHEDIRA and M. HAMMAMI and S.E. EL-MESHRI and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA} } @article {1589, title = { Improving urea formaldehyde resin properties by glyoxalated soda bagasse lignin }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {77-85}, abstract = {

The aim of this research was a reduction of formaldehyde emission and the improvement of the water resistance of urea formaldehyde (UF) resins by incorporating glyoxalated soda bagasse lignin. For this purpose, various contents of unmodified and glyoxalated lignins (10, 15 and 20 \%) were added at pH = 7 instead of second urea during the UF resin synthesis. The properties of the resins as well as water absorption, shear strength, and formaldehyde emission of plywood panels made with these adhesives were measured. Among all the resins synthesized, the resin yielding the best results (based on formaldehyde emission and gelation time as well as water absorption, mechanical strength, and formaldehyde content of the associated panels) was selected, and its properties were further analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD). The lignin based resins yielded good shear strength of the plywood panels, passing comfortably relevant international standard specifications; the panels also showed lower formaldehyde emission and water absorption when compared to commercial UF adhesives. Based on these findings, it was attempted to improve the performance of soda bagasse lignin in UF resins by glyoxalation. The UF resin containing 15 \% glyoxalated lignin (GLUF15) still exhibited less water absorption and formaldehyde release without significant differences in shear strength and physicochemical properties compared to the UF resin control. DSC analysis indicated that in comparison to UF resin the curing process of GLUF resin shifted to lower temperatures. According to the FTIR spectra, by addition of lignin the proportion of C-N bond in methylene linkages decreases when urea is partly replaced by lignin or glyoxalated lignin. XRD analysis indicated that the crystallinity of the UF resins decreased with addition of glyoxalated lignin.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01597471}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and S. KAZEMI-NAJAFI and R.B. ESHKIKI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1591, title = { Limoniastrum guyonianum methanol extract induces immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by activating cellular anti-oxidant activity }, journal = { DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY }, volume = {38}, year = {2015}, pages = {84-91}, abstract = {

Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of plant extracts is an interesting and growing area of research. In this study, effects of a methanolic extract of Limoniastrum guyonianum stems (M extract) on mice immune cell function in vitro were investigated. These studies showed that mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by the extract. Further, the lectin-induced response appeared to be more sensitive to the suppressive effects of the extract than were LPS-stimulated responses. In studies to assess any potential effects of extract on innate immunity, the results showed that the extract significantly enhanced the killing activity of isolated NK cells. In addition, studies here demonstrated that the extract could enhance lysosomal enzyme activity and inhibit nitrite oxide (NO) production by murine peritoneal macrophages ex vivo, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect in situ. The anti-inflammatory activity was concomitant with the cellular anti-oxidant effect in macrophages and splenocytes.

}, author = {M. KRIFA and N. MUSTAPHA and Z. GHEDIRA and K. GHEDIRA and A. PIZZI and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA} } @article {1400, title = {Mechanical properties of Aningeria superba (Aningre) and Austranella congolensis tannin adhesives}, journal = {Sylwan}, volume = {159(7)}, year = {2015}, pages = {317-328}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and L. MEVA{\textquoteright}A and M. MBUH-KUMA and L. HAI} } @article {1550, title = {MHD mixed convection and entropy generation of a nanofluid in a vertical porous channel}, journal = { COMPUTERS \& FLUIDS }, volume = {121}, year = {2015}, pages = {164-179}, abstract = {

A numerical study of entropy generation and MHD mixed convection flow of a nanofluid in a vertical porous channel is made. The left plate is thermally insulated, whereas four discrete heat sources dissipating a uniform heat flux are mounted on the right wall which is adiabatic elsewhere. Both assisting and opposing flows are considered. The Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model with the Boussinesq approximation is adopted and the finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations with the appropriate boundary conditions. The influence of the magnetic field strength (Hartmann number), Joule heating effect (Eckert number), buoyancy force intensity (Richardson number), nanoparticles volume fraction, as well as porous medium permeability (Darcy number) on velocity profiles, isotherms, isentropic lines, global Nusselt number and total entropy generation are analyzed. The results showed an enhancement on heat transfer rate by using a porous medium, a nanofluid, a magnetic field without taking into account the Joule heating and when mixed convection is assisted. Globally, entropy generation increases with the parameters cited above.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599798}, author = {I. FERSADOU and H. KAHALERRAS and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1583, title = { NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER DURING SOLIDIFICATION IN A RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE WITH INTERNALLY HORIZONTAL PARTIAL FINS}, journal = { COMPUTATIONAL THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, pages = {293-312}, abstract = {

The paper aims to investigate numerically the thermal and flow characteristics of an internally finned rectangular enclosure during the solidification process of a superheated phase change material (PCM). This work is motivated by the need to intensify heat transfer and accelerate the discharge process in latent heat storage units. A mathematical model is developed and a fixed-grid enthalpy formulation is adopted for modeling the solidification process coupling with convection-conduction heat transfer. The finite volume method was used for discretization. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental and numerical ones found in the literature and reasonable agreement is obtained. Numerical investigations were carried out to evaluate the effects of the aspect ratios of the rectangular enclosure, A, and fins, A(f), on the heat transfer enhancement, by keeping the mass of the PCM and fins constant. Solutions are obtained for aspect ratios A (ranging from 3 to 8) and A(f) (ranging from 2.69 to 13.89). A comparative study of finned and unfinned enclosures shows clearly that introducing fins weakens the undesirable natural convection, improves the nondimensional rate of heat extraction, and assures rapid solidification. Results indicate that for an aspect ratio A = 4 and in the range of the aspect ratio A(f) explored in this study, the nondimensional solidification time is reduced by 17.74\%. The results also reveal that for a fin aspect ratio of A(f) = 5, the nondimensional solidification time is reduced by 49.48\% when the aspect ratio of the enclosure, A, varies from 3 to 8.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599785}, author = {L. KHATRA and H. EL-QARNIA and M. EL-GANAOUI and E. LAKHAL} } @article {1260, title = {Numerical modelling of 3D dowelled timber joints using advanced fully coupled hydro-mechanical constitutive equations }, journal = {Mechanics and Industry}, year = {2015}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1411, title = {Phenolic and lipophilic extractives in Pinus merkusii Jungh. et de Vries knots and stemwood}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod}, volume = {69}, year = {2015}, pages = {466-471}, author = {A. WIJAYANTO and S. DUMARCAY and C. GERARDIN and R. KARTIKA-SARI and W. SYAFII and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1399, title = {Quantification and characterization of knotwood extractives of 12 European softwood and hardwood species}, journal = {Ann. For. Sci}, volume = {72(2)}, year = {2015}, pages = {277-284}, author = {Z. KEBBI-BENKEDER and F. COLIN and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1191, title = {Accelerated autocondensation of quebracho tannin by boric acid to make poplar plywood. }, journal = {J. Forest and Wood Products (Iran)}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {D. EFHAMISISI and Y. HAMZEH and M.F. THEVENON and A. KARIMI and A. PIZZI and K. POURTAHMASI} } @article {1263, title = {Analysis of CFRP strengthened timber beams}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1}, author = {M. KHELIFA and N. VILA-LOPERENA and L. BL{\'E}RON and A. KHENNANE} } @article {701, title = {Analysis of CFRP-strengthened timber beams}, journal = {Journal of adhesion science and technology}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1-14}, author = {M. KHELIFA and NV. LOPERENA and L. BL{\'E}RON and A. KHENNANE} } @article {1216, title = {Analysis of the behaviour of multiple dowel connections in fire.}, journal = {Fire Safety Journal}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. El GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1163, title = {An aqueous extract of Limoniastrum guyonianum gall induces anti-tumor effect in melanoma-injected mice via modulation of the immune response. }, journal = {Food and Chemical Toxicology}, year = {2014}, month = {04/2014}, author = {M. KRIFA and I. SKANDRANI and A. PIZZI and N. NASR and Z. GHEDIRA and N. MUSTAPHA and K. GHEDIRA and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA} } @article {1262, title = {Finite element simulation of nanoindentation tests using a macroscopic computational model}, journal = {Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3209}, author = {M. KHELIFA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1167, title = {Limoniastrum guyonianum aqueous gall extract induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting calpain activity. }, journal = {Tumor Biology}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. KRIFA and A. PIZZI and M. MOUSLI and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA and L. LELOUP and K. GHEDIRA} } @article {1164, title = {Limoniastrum guyonianum methanol extract induces immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by activating cellular anti-oxydant activity}, journal = {Drug and Chemical Toxicology}, year = {2014}, author = {M. KRIFA and N. MUSTAPHA and Z. GHERIDA and K. GHERIDA and A. PIZZI and L. CHEKIR-GHERIDA} } @article {695, title = {Numerical analysis of flexural strengthening of timber beams reinforced with CFRP strips}, journal = {Composite structures}, volume = {111}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {393-400}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. CELZARD} } @article {698, title = {Numerical analysis of the cutting forces in timber}, journal = {Journal of engineering mechanics}, volume = {140}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {523-530}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE} } @article {705, title = {Numerical modelling of ductile damage evolution in tensile and bending tests of timber structures}, journal = {Mechanics of materials}, volume = {68}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {228-236}, author = {A. KHENNANE and M. KHELIFA and L. BL{\'E}RON and J. VIGUIER} } @article {1176, title = {Performance of larch (Larix gmelini) tanninmodified urea-formaldehyde (TUF) resin and plywood bonded by TUF resin. }, journal = {J. Appl. Polym. Sciences}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {J. ZHANG and H.J. KANG and Q. GAO and J. LI and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {696, title = {Physico-chemical properties and thermal stability of microcrystalline cellulose isolated from Alfa fibres}, journal = {Carbonhydrate polymers. }, volume = {104}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {223-230}, author = {TRACHE, D. and DONNOT, A. and KHIMECHE, K. and BENELMIR, R. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1000, title = {Physico-chemical properties and thermal stability of microcrystalline cellulose isolated from Alfa fibres}, journal = {Carbohydrate polymer}, volume = {104}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {223-230}, author = {TRACHE, D. and DONNOT, A. and KHIMECHE, K. and BENELMIR, R. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {700, title = {Surfactant recovery by foam fractionation using the Gas-Liquid Contactor, Emulsion Venturi}, journal = {Separation science and technology. }, volume = {49}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {311-316}, author = {N. KHELLAF and M. BOUHELASSA and A. ZOULALIAN} } @article {1206, title = {Transcriptomic responses of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to wood extractives: focus on a new glutathione transferase. }, journal = {Appl. Environ. Microbiol. }, volume = {80}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {6316}, author = {A. THUILLIER and K. CHIBANI and G. BELLI and E. HERRERO and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN and A. KOHLER and A. DEROY and T. DHALLEINE and R. BCHINI and J.P. JACQUOT and E. GELHAYE and M. MOREL-ROUHIER} } @article {615, title = {Discoloration of dyes by hexagonia apiara fungus isolated in Gabon ans screening of enzymes on solid culture medium.}, journal = {International Journal of Current Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {12}, author = {S. MOUNGUENGUI and C. ATTEKE and J-B. SAHA-TCHINDA and M. KOR-NDIKONTAR and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {631, title = {{\textquotedblleft}DSC measurement and prediction of phase diagrams for binary mixtures of energetic materials{\textquoteright} stabilizers{\textquotedblright}, ThermochimicaActa 565 (2013) 8{\textendash} 16}, journal = { ThermochimicaActa }, volume = {565}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {8-16}, author = {TRACHE, D. and KHIMECHE, K. and BENELMIR, R. and DAHNAMI, A.} } @article {616, title = {Formaldehyde and VOCs emissions from bio-particleboards}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {748-762}, author = {P. NAVARETTE and Z. KEBBI and F. MICHENOT and J. LEMONON and C. ROGAUME and E. MASSON and Y. ROGAUME and A. PIZZI} } @article {1211, title = {modeling of chloride of hydrogen and free chloride emission form thermal treatment of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based plastic materials. }, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {101}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {209}, author = {JPB. KARAMA and A. BERE and J. LEMONON and T. DAHO and A. DISSA and Y. ROGAUME and J. KOULIDIATI} } @article {1285, title = {Modeling of nonlinear wooedn columns reinforced by carbon fiber}, journal = {M{\'e}canique \& Industries}, volume = {14}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {219}, author = {F. BENTAYEB and I. TAVAKOLI-GHEYNANI and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. BOUALIA and M. KHELIFA} } @article {589, title = {Modelling of nonlinear wooden columns reinforced by carbon fiber}, journal = { Mechanics \& Industry}, volume = {14}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {219-225}, author = {F. BENTAYEB and I. TAVAKOLI-GHEYNANIA and M. EL GANAOUIA and B. BOUALIA and M. KHELIFA} } @article {590, title = {Numerical analysis of the cutting forces in timber}, journal = {ASCE Journal of Engineering Mechanics}, volume = {140}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {523-530}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE} } @article {670, title = {Tannin based xerogels with distinctive porous structure}, journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy}, volume = {56}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {437-445}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and L.I. GRISHECHKO and V. FIERRO and B.N. KUTZNETSOV and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {622, title = {Thermodesorption coupled to GC-MS to characterize volatiles formation kinetic during wood thermodegradation.}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {101}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {96-102}, author = {K. CANDELIER and S. DUMARCAY and A. PETRISSANS and M. PETRISSANS and P. KAMDEM and P. GERARDIN} } @article {518, title = {Electromagnetic shielding efficiency in Ka-band: carbon foam versus epoxy/CNT composites}, journal = {J. Nanophotonics}, volume = {6}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, author = {P. KUZIR and G. PADUBSKAYA and M. SHUBA and S. MAKSIMENKO and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. PIZZI and J. MACUTKEVIC and J. BANYS and S. BISTARELLI and M. MASTRUCCI and F. MICCIULLA and I. SACCO and S. BELLUCCI} } @article {542, title = {High density composites from natural fibres and tannin resin}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1537-1545}, author = {A. NICOLLIN and R. KUENY and L. TONIAZZO and A. PIZZI} } @article {541, title = {Highly mesoporous organic aerogels derived from soy and tannin}, journal = {Green Chemistry}, volume = {14}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {3099-3106}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and L. GRISHECHKO and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and B. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD} } @article {535, title = {New tannin-lignin aerogels}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {41}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {347-355}, author = {L. GRISHECHKO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and V. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD} } @article {634, title = {New tannin-lignin aerogels}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {41}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {347-355}, author = {L. GRISHECHKO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and V. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD} } @article {554, title = {Prediction of breaks caused by lipophilic extractives using on-line turbidity measurement}, journal = {Nordic Pulp \& Paper Research Journal}, volume = {27}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {910-914}, author = {C. CAEL and L. DESHARNAIS and S. DUMARCAY and M.J. STEBE and T. DELAGOUTTE and A. KLEM and P. 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Polymer Sci.}, volume = {109}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {963-967}, author = {OO, C.W. and PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and KASSIM, M.J.} } @article {911, title = {Synthesis and properties of antioxidant amphiphilic ascorbate salts.}, journal = {Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects}, volume = {318}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {134-140}, author = {KOUMBI-MOUNANGA, T. and GERARDIN, P. and POATY, B. and PERRIN, D. and GERARDIN, C.} } @article {950, title = {Comparative 13C NMR and MALDI-TOF of species variation and structure maintenance during MUF resins preparation}, journal = {J. Appl. 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