@article {1851, title = { Addition of cellulose nanofibers extracted from rice straw to urea formaldehyde resin; effect on the adhesive characteristics and medium density fiberboard properties }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {99}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In this research cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were successfully extracted from rice straw through a chemomechanical method and then mixed with urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive for the production of medium density fiberboard (MDF). The industrial grade liquid urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin with formaldehyde: urea molar ratio of 1.15 was modified by adding 0.5, 1.5 and 2 wt \% of nanofibrillated cellulose (CNF) based on UF resin solids. The morphology, gel time, viscosity, and the non-volatile solid content of the modified UF adhesive were investigated. Formaldehyde emission and some mechanical properties modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and internal bond strength (IB)) of the resulting MDF panels were measured. Solids content and viscosity of the UF adhesive decreased while gel time increased by mixing CNF with the resin. The formaldehyde emission of the panels made with UF containing CNF was lower than that of the panels made from neat UF while MOR, MOE and IB values increased by increasing the CNF content in the panels.

}, author = {A. MOSLEMI and M.Z. KOOHI and T. BEHZAD and A. PIZZI} } @article {1876, title = { Advanced materials for energy harvesting, storage, sensing and environmental engineering }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {88}, year = {2020}, author = {M. EL-JOUAD and R. BENNACER and M. EL-GANAOUI and J.M. NUNZI} } @article {1866, title = { ANTI-FUNGAL AND ANTI-TERMITE ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTIVES COMPOUNDS FROM THERMALLY MODIFIED ASH WOODS }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {22}, year = {2020}, pages = {223-240}, abstract = {

Thermal modification of wood is a promising alternative to chemical and biocidal modification processes, increasing the biological durability and dimensional stability of wood. However, the wood-decay resistance properties of heat-treated wood are still not well known. The main objective of this study was to determine the biological resistance of heat-treated ash wood, and assess the antifungal and anti-termite activity of extractive compounds from heat-treated ash woods, depending on the intensity of the modification process (2 hours at 170, 200, 215, 228 (degrees C) - steam pressure). Untreated and heat-treated wood samples were extracted with water or acetone. The extracts were then used to determine inhibition effectiveness against white-rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown-rot (Rhodonia placenta) fungi. Whatman papers impregnated with extractives were used to evaluate the inhibition of termite feeding. Lastly, the extractives were analyzed by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and compared for their level of anti-termite and antifungal activity. The results showed that the degree of antifungal activity of these extracts depended on the solvent used during the extraction process and varied depending on heat treatment intensity. The extracts were more effective against brown-rot than white-rot fungi. However, the anti-termite activity of heat-treated ash wood extracts was not really significant. A GC-MS analysis showed that the main share of the extractives in untreated wood was removed. In addition, new chemical elements were generated by the thermal degradation of wood polymers (lignin and hemicelluloses), including aliphatic acids, monosaccharides and other products resulting from their dehydration reaction. The most abundant element was syringaldehyde, from lignin derived compounds, which might explain the antifungal activities of thermally treated ash wood extracts.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02502770}, author = {K. CONDELIER and M.F. THEVENON and R. COLLET and P. GERARDIN and S. DUMARCAY} } @article {1858, title = { Beech wood modification based on in situ esterification with sorbitol and citric acid }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {54}, year = {2020}, pages = {479-502}, abstract = {

In this study, modification of European beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) through in situ esterification of sorbitol and citric acid (SorCA) was investigated at two curing temperatures, 140 and 160 degrees C. In order to determine the optimum condition for modification, an aqueous solution of SorCA at varying concentrations was evaluated (10, 20, 30, and 55\% w/w). Physical, mechanical, chemical, and durability properties of the modified wood were examined. Results have disclosed that among different SorCA concentrations, treatment with SorCA at 30\% w/w was considered as the optimum concentration independent of the curing temperature. Under these conditions, anti-swelling efficiency increased to approx. 55\% and modulus of elasticity increased slightly with approx. 9\% in comparison with untreated wood. Decay resistance against white-rot (Trametes versicolor), brown-rot (Coniphora puteana), and soft-rotting microfungi classified the SorCA-30\%-modified wood as very durable. In addition, thermogravimetric study evidenced that SorCA 30\%-modified wood has a lower thermal decomposition temperature in comparison with untreated wood/wood control by 20 degrees C difference, indicating that the SorCA-modified wood possibly has fire-retardant properties. However, due to the acidic properties of the SorCA solution, modulus of rupture (MOR) and mainly work to maximum load in bending decreased considerably.

}, author = {M. MUBAROK and H. MILITZ and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1867, title = { Beech wood treated with polyglycerol succinate: a new effective method for its protection and stabilization }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {74}, year = {2020}, pages = {351-361}, abstract = {

This paper deals with an original and non-biocidal chemical treatment consisting of a vacuum/pressure impregnation step of beech wood with a water-borne mixture made from heat-activated condensation of succinic anhydride (SA) and glycerol (G). Chemical structures of adducts were established using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF) investigations. Beech wood was impregnated and cured in order to induce in situ polymerization of glycerol/succinic adducts (GSA) in the cell walls, leading to the formation of polyglycerol succinate (PGS) polyester. Various treatment conditions were investigated depending on the duration (6-72 h) and curing temperature (103-160 degrees C). Weight percent gains (WPGs) ranging between 40 and 60\% were obtained. Attenuated total reflectance-middle infrared spectroscopy (ATR-MIR) and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C-13-NMR) spectroscopy confirmed polyester formation. A curing temperature of 160 degrees C was found to be the best condition to totally avoid polymer leaching, and brought the anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) up to 64\%. Decay resistance of PGS-treated wood against Trametes versicolor and Coniophora puteana was also strongly temperature and time dependent: performances fit with the EN113 standard requirements if a curing temperature of 160 degrees C was applied.

}, author = {C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and E. FREDON and M.F. THEVENON and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1889, title = { Biosourced heat resistant coatings by cross-linking of proteins with triethyl phosphate }, journal = { PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS }, volume = {138}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The industrial application of proteins has been limited so far. While there are good possibilities to develop protein-based products like adhesives and coatings. The paper deals with using wheat protein hydrolysate, namely SOLPRO 508 and casein reacted with triethyl phosphate (TEP) for the preparation of high-temperature resistance coatings.

The Result of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization - Time Of Flight (MALDI-ToF) and Attenuated Total Reflectance- Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared (ATR-FT MIR) spectroscopy confirmed that wheat protein and casein had the ability to react with triethyl phosphate. Moreover, the related coatings present outstanding adhesion and excellent solvent resistance.

}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1874, title = { Building incorporated bio-based materials: Experimental and numerical study }, journal = { JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING }, volume = {28}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In building environments, several research on dynamic moisture storage in hygroscopic building materials has improved interest in moisture buffering capacity of bio-based materials and demonstrated the potential of these materials to improve thermal comfort and buildings energy consumption. This paper presents an investigation, which aims to compare the hygroscopic behavior of different bio-based materials to identify their hygric proprieties. For this, an experimental facility is used to measure the moisture buffer value (MBV) for different categories of building materials. Thereafter, a dynamic simulation has been carried out by using TRNSYS software in order to evaluate heating and cooling loads. The results showed that the wood-cement composite still has excellent moisture regulator when compared to wood panels or fibrous materials. It has a buffer capacity superior to 3 [g/m(2).\% RH] very close to that of wood fiber panels. The simulation results of the different cases showed that the insulation reduces significantly total energy demand, but it does not lead heat evacuation in the summer season. Thus, from this study, it can be concluded that a natural ventilation mechanism is recommended to improve energy efficiency in the building.

}, author = {F. MNASRI and S. BAHRIA and M.E.A. SLIMANI and O. LAHOUCINE and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1872, title = { A Calculation Method for Interconnected Timber Elements Using Wood-Wood Connections }, journal = {BUILDINGS}, volume = {10}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Wood-wood connections, widely used in the past, have been progressively replaced by steel fasteners in timber constructions. Currently, they can be manufactured and implemented more efficiently thanks to digital fabrication techniques. In addition, with the emergence of new timber plate engineered products, digitally produced wood-wood connections have been developed with a strong focus on complex free-form geometries. The gained knowledge through research and building implementations have pushed the development of more standardized structural elements. As a result, this work presents a new concept of building components using through tenon connections based on the idea of transportable flat-packs directly delivered and assembled on site. The main objective of this research is to develop a convenient calculation model for practice that can capture the semi-rigid behavior of the connections and predict the effective bending stiffness of such structural elements. A case study is used as a reference with three large-scale slabs of a 8.1 m span. Bending and vibration tests are performed to study the mechanical behavior and assess the proposed calculation method. The results show the high influence of the semi-rigid behavior of connections on the bending properties and, therefore, on the serviceability limit state. The model is in good agreement with the test results, and further improvements can be made regarding the local behavior of the connection. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed construction system and the applicability of the developed calculation model to design practice.

}, author = {J. GAMERRO and J.F. BOCQUET and Y. WEINAND} } @article {1847, title = { Characterization and 3D printability of poly (lactic acid)/acetylated tannin composites }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {149}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) printing filament prepared from poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and acetylated tannin via a twin-screw extruder was reported. The impact of acetylated tannin loading content on the final properties of the resulting composite materials and their 3D printability were investigated. The experimental results indicate that PLA can be compounded with up to 20 wt\% acetylated tannin without any obvious deterioration in the tensile property. The resulting composites acquired better degradation rate in aquatic system compared with neat PLA, especially in alkaline medium. Moreover, all composites are printable and showed generally good printing quality with brown color, however, this is limited to temperatures reasonably below 220 degrees C to avoid printing defects, especially at high loadings of acetylated tannin.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02508080}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and A. PIZZI and S. HOPPE and X.J. ZHOU and G.B. DU} } @article {1871, title = { Characterization and Preparation of Furanic-Glyoxal Foams }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, pages = {692}, abstract = {

Synthetic foams have become an essential industrial product for a great variety of applications. Furfuryl alcohol, as a biomass chemical, was reacted with glyoxal at room temperature to prepare furanic-glyoxal rigid foams, and p-toluenesulfonic acid was used as a catalyst to initiate the reaction. Foams with different molar ratios (furfuryl alcohol/glyoxal) were prepared in this work, and uniform cells foams have been obtained. Their compression resistance, 24-h water absorption, density, and other basic properties were tested. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the cellular morphology of the foams prepared, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) helped to understand their thermal and combustion properties, and FTIR and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight (MALDI ToF) mass spectroscopy to explain the structure of the resulting foams to clarify the reactions occurring during foaming. The results show that the compression resistance of furanic-glyoxal foams declined as the furfuryl alcohol/glyoxal ratio decreases also. SEM observations revealed that foams with open-cell were obtained when furfuryl alcohol was added in greater amounts, and more closed cell structures were formed as the proportion of glyoxal increased. TGA results showed that the initial ignition temperature of furanic-glyoxal foams is similar to 200 degrees C higher than that of wood, and the smaller comprehensive combustion index S (about 0.15 x 10(-7) (\%2 K-3 min(-2))) indicates that the foam burns slowly and has poor flammability, that is, it is not easy to burn.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and H. LEI and G.B. DU and X.J. ZHOU and Y.Y. LIN} } @article {1861, title = { Condensed tannin-glucose-based NIPU bio-foams of improved fire retardancy }, journal = { POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY }, volume = {175}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Glucose-based self-blowing non-isocyanate polyurethanes foams were prepared in our previous work. They showed excellent properties comparable to commercial foams by just using a simple preparation procedure. These foams, nevertheless, present a critical drawback that is their flammability. In the research presented here a natural phenolic compound, condensed tannin, was tested as a flame-retardant to improve the fire resistance of glucose-based NIPU foams. A number of tannin-substituted glucose-based NIPU foams (mimosa tannin replacing glucose at 0\%, 25\% and 50\%, respectively) were prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), ignition experiment and limiting oxygen index (LOI). Other physical and mechanical properties, such as foaming processes, density, compression strength, etc. were also investigated. The results indicated that the tannin-modified glucose-based NIPU foams (T/G (1/3)-Fs and (T/G (1/1)-Fs)) exhibit smaller mean cell size, improved compression strength and higher density than (T/G (0/4)-Fs). The FT-IR analysis showed that urethane linkages were formed, the chemical structure of glucose-based NIPU foam being nonetheless preserved even if the glucose was partially replaced by the condensed tannin. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the presence of condensed tannin decreased the thermal stability of the tannin-glucose NIPU foam composites slightly. In addition, ignition experiments were also carried out in which the glucose-based NIPU foams with a condensed tannin showed longer burning time than neat (T/G (0/4)-Fs). Finally, limiting oxygen index (LOI) values from 17.5\% to 25.5\%, show a higher value with the increasing condensed tannin substitution.

}, author = {X.Y. CHEN and J.X. LI and X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and X.J. ZHOU and E. FREDON and G.B. DU and C. GERARDIN} } @article {1852, title = { Cutting forces and accuracy characterization during wood machining with serial robots }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {767-775}, abstract = {

Studying the cutting forces during wood machining by a removal process is crucial to ensure high surface quality, maximum precision and to minimize chattering phenomena. Currently, industrial tasks and research works concerning using serial robots for wood machining are rare, which can be explained by the low stiffness of such machines. High cutting forces with low machine rigidity undeniably disturb robot behaviour during wood machining. The machined surface quality and machining process performance will be degraded, causing toolpath deviation and dimensional errors. Therefore, operating time and cost will be high. To overcome this issue, the present research focuses on how to ameliorate robotic wood machining by studying the link between cutting forces and accuracy while machining wood using a serial robot. This study deals with three major constraints, low robot accuracy, low stiffness and high cutting forces.

}, author = {O. AYARI and A. BOUALI and P.J. MEAUSOONE} } @article {1860, title = { Direct reuse at industrial level of ion-exchange resin regeneration wastewater in MDF manufacturing }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {523-531}, abstract = {

Industrial wastewater is currently a big challenge for authorities due to its environmental issues when disposed to the ecosystem. From an economic perspective and long treatment time, it is yet more reasonable to recover and reuse wastewater in industries. In this work, the wastewater from an ion exchange resin regeneration process was directly and without any further treatment reused in the wood industry for manufacturing medium density fiberboards (MDF). Comparing with the disposal criteria of international standards, the reused wastewater exhibited much higher electrical conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solid, total suspension solid, and inorganic salt content than the permissible limits; therefore, it is categorized as hazardous material. The highly saline wastewater was added during and after synthesizing of the urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin but before mixing with the wood fibers. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analyses of the UF resin samples, respectively, demonstrated the high stability of the chemical structure and higher strength against decomposition for the UF resins after being treated with the wastewater. The physico-mechanical properties of MDFs prepared by reused wastewater were significantly improved whilst the formaldehyde emission of the boards was noticeably reduced (~ 17\%) to the benefit of the environment.

}, author = {M.V. KIAMAHALLEH and M.K. DAZMIRI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1859, title = { Effect of vacuum hot pressing on the bonding quality and heat transfer performance of plywood }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {441-447}, abstract = {

Vacuum technology was applied to the hot-pressing technology of plywood production with phenolic resin (PF). For plywood with the same number of layers, veneers were hot-pressed with conventional and vacuum hot-pressing processes respectively at the same hot-pressing time. Varying layers (3, 9 and 15-layers) and spread quantities (220 g m(-2), 260 g m(-2), 300 g m(-2)) were applied. Heat transfer performance of the assembly, polymerization extent of PF, and bonding quality of plywood were examined by thermocouple and humidity sensors, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence microscope and bonding strength measurement. The results indicated that, compared to conventional hot pressing, the temperature of the central layer of the assembly vacuum hot-pressed was significantly increased by about 20-30 degrees C and the adhesive cured more quickly. The hot-pressing method had a significant influence on the bonding strength of plywood, with an enhancement of the bonding strength to wood failure ratio of 48.37\% and 33.55\%, respectively. The adhesive between adjacent laminates formed a continuously dense layer with more connection points, leading to excellent mechanical meshing and high bonding quality. In addition, vacuum hot pressing can eliminate the influence of adhesive position on bonding strength and make the mechanical properties of plywood tend to be uniform in thickness direction. Under the experimental conditions, the variable energy cost of 15-ply plywood with 1 m(3) produced by vacuum hot pressing was 3.83\% less than that of conventional hot pressing, and the plywood could still maintain good bonding strength at low spread quantity.

}, author = {L. HONG and Q. HE and Z.H. JU and H.Y. ZHANG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1864, title = { Effects of Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf cutting modes on bonding performance of its protein-based adhesives }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {461-470}, abstract = {

Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf protein was used as a biomass feedstock to prepare wood adhesives, and the influence of cutting modes (cutting frequencies and cutting heights) on leaf protein content and reactivity was studied in this paper. Bonding performance of Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf protein-based adhesives were evaluated by shear strength of plywood. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze them. The results indicated that: (1) the leaf protein content gradually increased as the cutting height increased, but it presented a decreasing trend as the cutting frequency increased. When the cutting frequency is two times per year and the cutting height is 30 cm, this leaf protein-based adhesive exhibited the best bonding strength with 0.75 MPa. (2) Cutting frequency and cutting height have no significant correlations to the reactivity of leaf protein with the crosslinker. (3) DSC and FTIR indicated that both leaf protein content and reactivity appeared to exert an influence on the bonding properties of the protein adhesives, and the latter is more pronounced. (4) TG and SEM analyses indicated that under different cutting modes, leaf protein content, especially protein reactivity, had a great effect on the thermal properties of the adhesives. (5) Contact angle analysis showed that Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf protein-based adhesives had good wettability on wood surfaces. Under different cutting modes with the difference of leaf protein content and reactivity, the crosslinking degree of the adhesives with crosslinker and compactness of the cured adhesives were different and thus affect their bonding strength and water resistance.

}, author = {Z.G. WU and X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and Y.F. XIA and Q.X. ZHAO and H. LEI and J.K. LIANG} } @article {1878, title = { Exergetic sustainability and economic analysis of hybrid solar-biomass dryer integrated with copper tubing as heat exchanger }, journal = {HELIYON}, volume = {6}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The aim of this study is to present a new hybrid solar-biomass dryer and carry out thermal analysis based on energy and exergo-sustainability analysis considering all the available exergy stream of solar radiation, air stream through the collector, and exergy of the moisture in the product. The research also presented the environmental impact and economic analysis of using the dryer. Performance evaluations show that at collector efficiency of 20.81\%-21.89 \%, the developed solar dryers can save between 10-21hrs of drying time in drying 5 mm thick plantain slices to 15 \% moisture content from initial moisture content of 66 \% w.b when compared to drying under the open sun. The improvement potential ranged from 0.036 to 20.6W while the waste exergy ratios and sustainability index ranged from 0.38-0.55 and 2.3-6.11 respectively. Application of the solar dryers can save between 44-3074 of CO2 entering the atmosphere per year while 2.94 to 205.43$ could also be saved at 10-100\% rate of usage when compared to diesel fired dryer. The total energy consumption for drying ranges between 5.52 and 35.47 MJ, while the specific energy consumption ranged from 4.3 to 26.2 kWh/kg. The exergy efficiency ranges from 5.6-95.13 \% during the sunshine hours.

}, author = {M.C. NDUKWU and M. SIMO-TAGNE and F.I. ABAM and O.S. ONWUKA and S. PRINCE and L. BENNAMOUN} } @article {1849, title = { Experimental investigations on the load-carrying capacity of digitally produced wood-wood connections }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {213}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The rise of digital fabrication has increased the use of wood-wood connections inspired by traditional carpentry in modern timber constructions. With recent developments on standard construction systems, the mechanical behavior of such joints for in-plane loading configurations is an essential parameter for the structural design. However, only few design guidelines exist on this topic in building codes such as Eurocode 5 and research has been mainly focused on the rotational behavior, which is important for free-form structures. Therefore, this work presents an experimental campaign on the load-carrying capacity of digitally produced through tenon connections for commonly available engineered timber products such as oriented strand board, laminated veneer lumber, and multiply solid wood panels. Shear and compression failure modes were studied and two test setups were developed. The scope of the study was limited to five different materials, a grain orientation parallel to the joint, and three different tenon lengths. The test results showed significant differences between the product specifications given by manufacturers and real performances observed for oriented strand board and cross laminated timber, while laminated veneer lumber had more accurate specifications. Nonetheless, a spreading of the compression strength was highlighted only for the OSB material and was also observed for the shear strength of laminated veneer lumber specimens. The existing Eurocode 5 guidelines generally underestimated the load-carrying capacity of the connections by 25\% and only the capacity of oriented strand board connections was overestimated. Finally, the study demonstrates that different design approaches can be defined according to the material employed in through tenon connections. Design diagrams based on tests are preferred for materials with a high variability between product specifications and real performances while design criteria from building codes can be applied for the others.

}, author = {J. GAMERRO and J.F. BOCQUET and Y. WEINAND} } @article {1846, title = { Facile preparation of high anti-fungal performance wood by high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION }, volume = {260}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In this study, in order to improve the anti-fungal performance of wood material, a facile, efficient and eco-friendly method was proposed for wood modification under the synergistic effect of silver particles and high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) treatment. Poplar wood, a vulnerable to decay species, was hot-pressed by silver electrode plates and exposed simultaneously to HVEF. The chemical characteristics and anti-fungal performance of treated wood were investigated in details. Under HVEF treatment, silver particles were triggered to different oxidized forms and bound with polar groups in the wood cell wall. Decreased O/C element ratio and -OH groups and increased C-H and C=O bonds in treated wood were observed by the X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. After 24h of HVEF treatment, high concentration (10.71\%) of well-distributed silver particles appeared in mapping graphs. Laboratory anti-fungal tests showed that mass losses of treated wood samples decreased significantly (\<1\%) after exposing to rot fungi. The highest leaching percentage of silver in treated samples was 3.94\%. These results indicated that the synergistic effect of silver particles and HVEF treatment enhanced the fungal-resistance performance of wood. Moreover, this approach could be regarded as a facile, efficient and eco-friendly modification to broaden the outdoor-use potential of wood.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02508085}, author = {Q. HE and T.Y. ZHAN and H.Y. ZHANG and Z.H. JU and L. HONG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1854, title = { Geographic and intraspecific variability of mesquitol amounts in Prosopis juliflora trees from Kenya }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {801-809}, abstract = {

Several studies have shown that the heartwood of Prosopis juliflora contains high amounts of a naturally rare flavan-3-ol compound identified as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)chromane-3,7,8-triol otherwise known as (-)-mesquitol (1). It is known to possess strong antioxidant properties, which may be of valuable interest for further valorization. However, no data exists so far showing the variations of its abundance depending on the different geographic habitats of the tree, the age and the different parts of the tree stem. The variability of flavan-3-ols depending on the geographical area and intra-specific variability within P. juliflora trees from Kenya was addressed in this substantive study. The study was done using wood extracts from three different counties in Kenya (Baringo, Garissa and Turkana Counties). Wood samples were separated into two categories of ages; small trees, aged less than 4 years and the big trees, aged more than 8 years. Each sample was divided into five different parts, which included the bark, sapwood, knot wood, heartwood and the pith. Serial extractions were done by the Dionex accelerated solvent extractor using four solvents in increasing polarity (dichloromethane, acetone, toluene: ethanol (2:1 v/v) and finally water). Gas chromatographic analysis coupled to mass spectrometry was employed to identify the different compounds present in the extracts. LC-MS/MS method was thereafter developed and used to confirm the identity and quantify the amounts of mesquitol present. Two other flavan-3-ols identified and quantified included catechin (2) and 4 \&$\#$39;-O-methylgallocatechin (3). A systematic study on the mass spectra and the observed fragmentations of the flavonoids showed that mesquitol compound is the most abundant compound in P. juliflora with high amounts being found in the heartwood and pith of the acetonic extract (47-72\%). Mesquitol abundance was also found to vary depending on the age of the tree and on the geographical areas.

}, author = {S.C. CHEPKWONY and S. DUMARCAY and H. CHAPUIS and A. KIPROP and P. GERARDIN and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {1848, title = { High adsorption capacity of nitrobenzene from aqueous solution using activated carbons prepared from vegetable waste }, journal = { ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS \& SUSTAINABLE ENERGY }, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The present study reports the preparation of chemically activated carbons (PAC and ZAC) from apricot stones using phosphoric acid and zinc chloride, respectively. The potential use of the prepared carbons, as adsorbents, and the effect of chemical activation on the surface properties and adsorptive mechanism of nitrobenzene (NB) were investigated. The physicochemical properties of the obtained materials were characterized by Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, Scanning Electron Microscope, FTIR Spectroscopy, EDX analysis, Boehm titration, and pH of zero charge. The results show that the prepared samples present high apparent surface areas (1,382 and 1,111 m(2)/g for PAC and ZAC, respectively) and pores volumes with the presence of various functional groups. It was found that pseudo-second model was the most suitable for the fitting of the experimental kinetic data and the intraparticle diffusion was not the unique rate-controlling stage. The adsorption isotherms were well described by the Langmuir and the Freundlich models. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of PAC and ZAC were about 476.2 and 490.2 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters showed the spontaneity, the exothermic nature, and the decrease in the randomness of the adsorption of nitrobenzene. Chemical regeneration showed that the prepared samples could be used for four time desorption-adsorption cycles with good efficiency for NB removal, indicating that the prepared carbons could be used as a low-cost alternative to commercial activated carbon for the removal of nitrobenzene from wastewater.

}, author = {Z. KECIRA and O. BENTURKI and A. BENTURKI and M. DAOUD and P. GIRODS} } @article {1875, title = { Hydrothermal conversion of wood, organosolv, and chlorite pulps }, journal = { BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY }, volume = {10}, year = {2020}, pages = {1-13}, abstract = {

In this work, beech wood has been submitted to fractionation and hydrothermal liquefaction in order to produce fermentable carbohydrates. Fractionation either by ethanol organosolv or by sodium chlorite/acetic acid (SC/AA) treatment allowed obtaining delignification yields of 50 and 91 wt.\% respectively. The recovered pulps were then submitted to liquefaction in hot-compressed water (HCW). Three temperatures were studied: 180, 200, and 220 degrees C during 2 h. The same experiments were conducted on untreated beech and model cellulose (Avicel PH-101). Product yields and total carbohydrates were determined. The liquefaction products, i.e., solid residue, water-soluble compounds, and permanent gas, were analyzed respectively by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD), and gas chromatography (GC). SC/AA treatment allowed a high recovery of hemicelluloses and for this reason, xylose content was significantly higher than for the organosolv pulp. The maximum yields of total carbohydrates (based on the initial carbohydrates in wood), found when the liquefaction temperature was 220 degrees C, increased from 9.0 wt.\% for the raw beech to 13.5 and 33.7 wt.\% for the organosolv and SC/AA pulps respectively.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02125963}, author = {F. BUENDIA-KANDIA and N. BROSSE and D. PETITJEAN and G. MAUVIEL and E. RONDAGS and E. GUEDON and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1882, title = { Ionic liquid-modified lignin as a bio-coupling agent for natural fiber-recycled polypropylene composites }, journal = { COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING }, volume = {181}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In this study, the influence of ionic liquid-treated lignin as a bio coupling agent on the various properties of bagasse fiber-recycled polypropylene composites was investigated. For this purpose, extracted lignin from Bagasse Soda black liquor was modified with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim] [OAc]) ionic liquid and then different ratios of unmodified and modified lignin (0, 1, 3 and 5 wt\%) were added to the bagasse fiber/recycled polypropylene mixture. The composites were then manufactured by injection molding after mixing mechanically of the bagasse fiber, virgin or modified lignin and recycled polypropylene. Structural and thermal properties of lignin after modification by ionic liquid along with physical (water absorption and thickness swelling) and mechanical (flexural modulus, flexural strength, tensile strength and impact strength) properties of the manufactured composites were measured according to ASTM standard methods. The FTIR analysis indicated lignin rearrangements showing that some bonds changed or formed after its modification with IL. The DSC analysis showed that the glass transition temperature (T-g) of lignin decreased from 92 degrees C to 80 degrees C by increasing the weight ratio of ionic liquid to lignin from 20 to 30 wt\%. The panel testing results indicated that all physical and mechanical properties of the composites were continuously improved by increasing the lignin content from 1 to 5 wt\%. Thus, the composites with IL-treated lignin presented higher dimensional stability and mechanical strength compared to those prepared with unmodified lignin. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that treatment with ionic liquid improves the uniform dispersion of lignin in the polymer matrix.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1890, title = { Macro porous tannin spray-dried powder scaffolds with stem cells for bone engineering }, journal = { MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS }, volume = {239}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Skeletal defects resulting from trauma and disease represent a major clinical problem worldwide, exacerbated further by global population growth and increasing number of elderly people. As treatment options are limited, bone tissue engineering opens the possibility to grow unlimited amount of tissue products with enhanced therapeutic potential for the management of clinical cases characterized by severe bone loss. Bone engineering relies on the use of compliant biomaterial scaffolds, osteocompetent cells, and biologically active agents. In this pinion paper, we drive the attention to a new application of a natural material: Tannin. Among others materials, porous tannin spray-dried powder (PTSDs) has approved to human use. We can use PTSDs as reconstructive materials with low cost, biocompatibility and potential ability to be replaced by bone in vivo. In this study macro PTSDS scaffolds with defined geometry, porosity and mechanical properties could be manufactured using a combination of casting technology and porogen leaching, by mixing PTSDs and hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6 (OH)2 with polyethylene glycol macro particles. The expected results show that the scaffolds developed could support attachment, long-term viability and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitors. The combination of select macro porous PTSDs scaffolds with patient-specific osteocompetent cells offers new opportunities to grow autologous bone grafts with enhanced clinical potential for complex skeletal reconstructions.

}, author = {S. ABDALLA and A. PIZZI and F.S. BAHABRI} } @article {1863, title = { Magnetohydrodynamic natural convection of hybrid nanofluid in a porous enclosure: numerical analysis of the entropy generation }, journal = { JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY }, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The effect on the entropy production and MHD convection of the hybrid nanofluid Al2O3-Cu/water (water with Cu and Al2O3 nanoparticles) in a porous square enclosure is studied numerically via Galerkin finite element method. The enclosure used for flow and natural convection analysis is subjected to sinusoidal varying temperatures at the boundaries. Calculations were performed for specific parameters of the Rayleigh number (Ra = 10(3)-10(6)), porosity ratio (epsilon = 0.1-0.9), Darcy number (Da = 10(-5)-10(-2)), Hartmann number (Ha = 0-100) and nanoparticles concentration (phi = 0-0.08). The numerical results are presented by velocity profiles, isotherms, streamlines, and Nusselt number. They indicate that the isotherms subject to estimation variations under Ha boost from 0 to 100 as Ra enhances. At high Ha, the conduction transfer mechanism is more obvious. Also, it is seen that the convective heat transfer becomes stronger with the enhancement of the Ra while it detracts with the rise in Ha. Due to the Ra increase, the flow cell becomes stronger. For Ra = 10(6) and higher Hartmann numbers, the isotherms remain constant which is an indication of convection predominance.

}, author = {Z. ABDEL-NOUR and A. AISSA and F. MEBAREK-OUDINA and A.M. RASHAD and H.M. ALI and M. SAHNOUN and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1856, title = { Mining the Biosynthetic Potential for Specialized Metabolism of a Streptomyces Soil Community }, journal = { ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL }, volume = {9}, year = {2020}, pages = {271}, abstract = {

The diversity and distribution of specialized metabolite gene clusters within a community of bacteria living in the same soil habitat are poorly documented. Here we analyzed the genomes of 8 Streptomyces isolated at micro-scale from a forest soil that belong to the same species or to different species. The results reveal high levels of diversity, with a total of 261 biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) encoding metabolites such as terpenes, polyketides (PKs), non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) with potential bioactivities. A significant part of these BGCs (n = 53) were unique to only one strain when only 5 were common to all strains. The metabolites belong to very diverse chemical families and revealed that a large diversity of metabolites can potentially be produced in the community. Although that analysis of the global metabolome using GC-MS revealed that most of the metabolites were shared between the strains, they exhibited a specific metabolic pattern. We also observed that the presence of these accessory pathways might result from frequent loss and gain of genes (horizontal transfer), showing that the potential of metabolite production is a dynamic phenomenon in the community. Sampling Streptomyces at the community level constitutes a good frame to discover new biosynthetic pathways and it appears as a promising reservoir for the discovery of new bioactive compounds.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02619232}, author = {M. NICAULT and A.R. TIDJANI and A. GAUTHIER and S. DUMARCAY and E. GELHAYE and C. BONTEMPS and P. LEBLOND} } @article {1855, title = { Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications }, journal = { FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY }, volume = {8}, year = {2020}, pages = {392}, abstract = {

Over the past few years, nanocellulose (NC), cellulose in the form of nanostructures, has been proved to be one of the most prominent green materials of modern times. NC materials have gained growing interests owing to their attractive and excellent characteristics such as abundance, high aspect ratio, better mechanical properties, renewability, and biocompatibility. The abundant hydroxyl functional groups allow a wide range of functionalizations via chemical reactions, leading to developing various materials with tunable features. In this review, recent advances in the preparation, modification, and emerging application of nanocellulose, especially cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are described and discussed based on the analysis of the latest investigations (particularly for the reports of the past 3 years). We start with a concise background of cellulose, its structural organization as well as the nomenclature of cellulose nanomaterials for beginners in this field. Then, different experimental procedures for the production of nanocelluloses, their properties, and functionalization approaches were elaborated. Furthermore, a number of recent and emerging uses of nanocellulose in nanocomposites, Pickering emulsifiers, wood adhesives, wastewater treatment, as well as in new evolving biomedical applications are presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of NC-based emerging materials are discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02649346}, author = {D. TRACHE and A.F. TARCHOUN and M. DERRADJI and T.S. HAMIDON and N. MASRUCHIN and N. BROSSE and M.H. HUSSIN} } @article {1873, title = { Natural durability of four Tunisian Eucalyptus spp. and their respective compositions in extractives }, journal = {HOLZFORSCHUNG}, volume = {74}, year = {2020}, pages = {260-274}, abstract = {

Eucalyptus trees have been adapted to the Tunisian climate. Now, they need to be economically valued. Tunisian Eucalyptus have great technological properties allowing us to use them as wooden material. However, there is large variability in the natural durability between heartwood Eucalyptus spp. The wood sustainability assessment provides reliable parameters to predict the service life of wood-based products. This study aimed to evaluate the wood deterioration of four North Tunisian fast-growing Eucalyptus spp. (Eucalyptus maidenii, Eucalyptus saligna, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus gomphocephala) exposed to basidiomycetes (Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor) and termite (Reticulitermes flavipes) attacks. Among the four Eucalyptus woods, Eucalyptus gomphocephala presents the highest decay and termite resistance. The four Eucalyptus wood species are classified as very durable against fungal degradation and durable against termite attacks, expect for Eucalyptus saligna which is classified as sensible against termites. The natural durability of Eucalyptus seems to be mainly caused by extractives, and a lot of compounds are involved. Antifungal and anti-termite properties of these compounds were put in perspective with the natural durability of wood. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses highlighted that Eucalyptus durability is mostly governed by gallic acid, fatty acid glycerides, fatty acid esters, phenolic compounds, sitosterol, catechin and ellagic acid.

}, author = {M.T. ELAIEB and S. BEN-AYED and S. DUMARCAY and B.D.H. DE-FARIA and M.F. THEVENON and P. GERARDIN and K. CANDELIER} } @article {1886, title = { No-Aldehydes Glucose/Sucrose-Triacetin-Diamine Wood Adhesives for Particleboard }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {8}, year = {2020}, pages = {715-725}, abstract = {

A three reagents adhesive system for wood particleboards not containing any aldehyde was developed by the reaction of glucose or sucrose with triacetin (glycerin triacetate) and with hexamethylene diamine. The system was found to be based on the mix of three reactions, namely the reaction of (i) glucose with triacetin, (ii) of the diamine with triacetin, and (iii) of glucose with the diamine. The chemical species formed were identified by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry. Wood particleboard panels were prepared with this adhesive system and gave good internal bond (IB) strength results suitable for interior grade panels and with extremely low formaldehyde emission.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1862, title = { Numerical analysis and validation of a natural convection mix-mode solar dryer for drying red chilli under variable conditions }, journal = { RENEWABLE ENERGY }, volume = {151}, year = {2020}, pages = {659-673}, abstract = {

The objective of this paper is to model a natural convection mix-mode solar dryer (NCMMSD) for drying agricultural products in an environment with short sunshine duration. The solar dryer was used to dry red chilli and was operating under the climate of the coastal area of South Eastern Nigeria characterized by low solar radiation intensity with a short duration of sunshine hours. The model took into consideration the thermophysical properties of the drying air and dried red chilli. The simultaneous heat and mass transfer equations were solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutha method. The numerical solution allows for the determination of temperature and relative humidity of drying air at different points within the dryer as well as the moisture profile of the dried product. The experimental values of moisture ratios, temperature, and relative humidity during the mix-mode solar drying process with and without NaCl were used to validate the proposed model. Numerical simulation results were in close agreement with experimental results. The present model can serve as good reference bases to explain the drying phenomenon of mix-mode solar drying of other agricultural products when necessary thermophysical properties of these products are known. Using this model, the potential of mitigating gross fossil (coal) CO2 in Africa is annually estimated to 1280148 tons of CO2.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521198/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and M.C. NDUKWU and A. ZOULALIAN and L. BENNAMOUN and F. KIFANI-SAHBAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1881, title = { Numerical study of the melting and resolidification of the substrate during the impact of a ceramic droplet in a plasma spraying process star }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {88}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The substrate melting can significantly improve the properties of plasma spray coatings. Indeed the adhesion of the projected particles to the substrate can be ameliorated by the substrate melting. In this article, a numerical model is developed to study the dynamics of fluids and heat transfer with liquid/solid phase change during impact of a fully melted alumina particle on an aluminum solid substrate, taking into account of the substrate melting. The model is based on solving the Navier-Stokes and energy equations with liquid / solid phase change. These equations are coupled with the fluid of volume method (VOF), to follow the free surface of the particle during its spreading and solidification. The finite volume method is used to discretize the equations in a 2D axisymmetric domain. A comparison with the published experimental results was carried out to validate this numerical model. Simulations were performed for different initial droplet diameters to study its effect on droplet spreading as well as on substrate melting. It has been observed that the substrate melting begins before the droplet spreads completely; the substrate melting reaches its maximum when the droplet is close to its total solidification. Droplet spreading and substrate melting are more important for large sizes droplets.

}, author = {M. DRIOUCHE and T. REZOUG and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1850, title = { One-step compatibilization of poly(lactic acid) and tannin via reactive extrusion }, journal = { MATERIALS \& DESIGN }, volume = {191}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The compatibility issue between poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and tannin is a big challenge for preparing PLA/tannin biocomposites with enhanced properties. In this work, composites with enhanced properties have been accomplished using an efficient one-step reactive extrusion method with the help of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (p-MDI) or 3-aminopropytriethoxysilane (APS). The extent of compatibility achieved via the one-step was evaluated by tensile, morphological, rheological, and thermal properties. The obtained results indicated that the adhesion promoters, especially p-MDI, contributed efficiently to an improved tensile behavior of the resulting composites with a tough tensile-fracture surface compared with incompatibilized PLA/tannin composite. Moreover, these composites displayed a plateau-like rheological behavior, enhanced complex viscosity, higher melting and thermal degradation temperature. This approach can be potentially adapted to other PLA/biopolymers composite systems.

}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-02495239/}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and S. HOPPE and G. DU and X.J. ZHOU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1885, title = { Oxidized demethylated lignin as a bio-based adhesive for wood bonding }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Lignin was successfully modified to prepare a bio-based wood adhesive by just two synthesis steps: demethylation and periodate oxidation. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass Spectrometry and Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) were combined to characterize the bio-based adhesives obtained. Furthermore, the adhesion performance of the bio-based lignin adhesive was measured by testing the tensile shear strength of the bonded joints. The results show that demethylated lignin gives to the wood joint acceptable dry shear strength, but no wet shear strength. Thus, sodium peroxide (NaIO4) oxidant was used to improve the bonding performance of lignin-based adhesives. The optimal formulation for oxidized demethylated lignin adhesives was found to be by 20\% addition of NaIO4. The adhesive presented is a lignin-derived non- aldehyde addition, high biomass content, and its preparation is convenient, low-cost product and can be applied to wood bonding.

}, author = {X.Y. CHEN and X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and E. FREDON and G.B. DU and C. GERARDIN and S. AMIROU} } @article {1853, title = { Oxidized polyethylene as a new alternative coupling agent for the fiberboards made from UF resin }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {96}, year = {2020}, pages = {665-678}, abstract = {

The aim of this research was to improve the bonding of bagasse fiber panels with urea formaldehyde (UF) resins by incorporating oxidized polyethylene (OPE) as a new coupling agent. To reduce the panels formaldehyde emission and to improve their water resistance was an additional aim of this work. Thus, different proportions of OPE (5, 10 and 15\%) were added during the UF resin preparation instead to the second urea. The resins were then used in the production of UF-bonded bagasse fiber panels. The physicochemical, structural and thermal properties of the resins as well as water absorption, flexural properties, internal bond strength (IB) and formaldehyde emission of the panels bonded with them were measured according to standard methods. According to the FTIR spectra, the absorbance related to C = C and C = O bonds increased due to the addition of OPE to the UF resin. DSC analysis indicated that in comparison to UF resin, the curing process of UF resin containing OPE occurred at a lower temperature. The gel time shortened and the viscosity increased by the addition of OPE to the UF resin. The panels containing OPE yielded higher IB, flexural modulus and strength compared to those made from pure UF resins. The panels bonded with modified UF resins also showed lower formaldehyde emission and water absorption. Based on finding of this work, the panels containing 15\% OPE emitted less formaldehyde, had higher mechanical strength and better dimensional stability than other percentages OPE-modified UF adhesives.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1865, title = { Preparation and Characterization of Condensed Tannin Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) Rigid Foams by Ambient Temperature Blowing }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Ambient temperature self-blowing mimosa tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) rigid foam was produced, based on a formulation of tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) resin. A citric acid and glutaraldehyde mixture served as a blowing agent used to provide foaming energy and cross-link the tannin-derived products to synthesize the NIPU foams. Series of tannin-based NIPU foams containing a different amount of citric acid and glutaraldehyde were prepared. The reaction mechanism of tannin-based NIPU foams were investigated by Fourier Trasform InfraRed (FT-IR), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, and C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-13 NMR). The results indicated that urethane linkages were formed. The Tannin-based NIPU foams morphology including physical and mechanical properties were characterized by mechanical compression, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). All the foams prepared showed a similar open-cell morphology. Nevertheless, the number of cell-wall pores decreased with increasing additions of glutaraldehyde, while bigger foam cells were obtained with increasing additions of citric acid. The compressive mechanical properties improved with the higher level of crosslinking at the higher amount of glutaraldehyde. Moreover, the TGA results showed that the tannin-based NIPU foams prepared had similar thermal stability, although one of them (T-Fs-7) presented the highest char production and residual matter, approaching 18.7\% at 790 degrees C.

}, author = {X.Y. CHEN and X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and E. FREDON and X.J. ZHOU and J.X. LI and C. GERARDIN and G.B. DU} } @article {1887, title = { Pressure-Driven Gas Flows in Micro Channels with a Slip Boundary: A Numerical Investigation }, journal = { FDMP-FLUID DYNAMICS \& MATERIALS PROCESSING }, volume = {16}, year = {2020}, pages = {147-159}, abstract = {

In this paper, flow of slightly rarefied compressible nitrogen in microchannels has been investigated numerically for low values of Reynolds and Mach numbers. The 2D governing equations were solved using Finite Element Method with first-order slip boundary conditions ( Comsol Multiphysics software). A validation was performed by comparing with similar configuration from the literature. It was found that our model can accurately predict the pressure driven flow in microchannels. Several interesting findings are reported about the Relative pressure, longitudinal velocity, Mach number, effect of gas rarefaction and flow rate.

}, author = {A. AISSA and M.E.A. SLIMANI and F. MEBAREK-OUDINA and R. FARES and A. ZAIM and L. KOLSI and M. SAHNOUN and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1884, title = { Quantitative and qualitative composition of bark polyphenols changes longitudinally with bark maturity in Abies alba Mill. }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {77}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Key message Total bark extractive content increases at positions higher in the trunk ofAbies albaMill. trees. The greatest proportions of bark polyphenolic extractives are found in the lower section of the trunk, below the crown. Context The bark of commercially grown softwood trees is a potentially valuable source of secondary metabolites including polyphenols such as tannins, used in the manufacture of adhesives and resins. There is little information about how the yield and composition of bark extracts vary longitudinally within trees and with respect to the presence or absence of branches. Aims We examined the variability of bark secondary metabolites in the softwood Abies alba both longitudinally within trees and among trees at specific sample heights. The aim was to determine whether specific bark fractions within this species contain more extractable secondary metabolites than others. Methods Eight trees of A. alba were harvested, and up to 13 discs were cut along the trunk from 30 cm above the ground to where the trunk was only 10 cm in diameter. Milled bark was extracted with water:ethanol (1:1) using an accelerated solvent extractor and the dry yield calculated. Extract composition was examined by liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry. Results Total extract yield increased from the base of the tree towards the top. The yield of the most abundant polyphenolic compounds decreased from the base of the tree towards the top, indicating the total extracts included compounds that were not detectable with the chromatographic method used. Conclusion Although extract yield is highest at the top of the tree, the composition of the extracts indicates that compounds with known marketable value, and present in detectable proportions, are found at the base of the tree.

}, author = {M. BRENNAN and C. FRITSCH and S. COSGUN and S. DUMARCAY and F. COLIN and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1870, title = { Recovery of lignin and lignans enriched fractions from thermomechanical pulp mill process water through membrane separation technology: Pilot-plant study and techno-economic assessment }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION }, volume = {249}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Membrane process is a viable option for valuable compounds such as lignin and lignans recovery in aqueous discharges of thermomechanical pulp industries. Recovery of lignin and lignans with continuous mode ultrafiltration/nanofiltration installation has not been studied in detail previously. After flotation used to remove lipophilic matter of pulp mill effluent, the three steps membrane process was composed of a clarification step by a 150 kDa ultrafiltration used to remove suspended matter, followed by two nanofiltrations of 1 kDa and 300 Da to respectively retain lignin and lignans. A techno-economic evaluation of this process has been performed. The process with a plant capacity of 60 m(3) h(-1) was able to produce 12 tons of lignin and 825 kg of lignans per month. The influence of plant capacity between 0.1 and 60 m(3) h(-1) on extracts production cost allows determining a production cost equal or below 10 V.kg(-1) as plant capacity reached 10 m(3) h(-1). Valorization of lignin and lignans as parts of the formulas of high added value products could allow thermomechanical plants to head towards biorefinery and cleaner production concepts. Furthemore, the 300 Da permeate possessed the required characteristics to be re used and save fresh water utilization.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02474260/}, author = {M. VILLAIN-GAMBIER and M. COURBALAY and A. KLEM and S. DUMARCAY and D. TREBOUET} } @article {1879, title = { Relationships between chemical composition and decay durability of Coula edulis Baill as an alternative wood species in Gabon }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {54}, year = {2020}, pages = {329-348}, abstract = {

The general objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of the little-known tropical woods of the Congo Basin, particularly Coula edulis, while looking for new biocidal products. The natural durability of the hazel tree of Gabon Coula edulis versus basidiomycete fungi was evaluated with native and extracted samples of heartwood against brown rot (Rhodonia placenta and Coniophora puteana) and white rot (Trametes versicolor and Pycnoporus sanguineus) fungi. The results showed that non-extracted samples were more durable. Fungal growth inhibition tests using different concentrations of extractives confirmed the fungicidal effects. Percentage of the different wood polymers and GC-MS analysis of wood extractives were carried out to examine correlations between durability and wood chemistry. Natural durability of Coula edulis could be explained by the unusually high lignin content and the presence of high amounts of polyphenols like gallic and ellagic acids and tannins. Coula edulis could therefore be a local alternative to help alleviate wood shortages in Gabon.

}, author = {C.S.A.B. BOPENGA and S. DUMARCAY and P.E. ENGONGA and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1880, title = { Resistance against subterranean termite of beech wood impregnated with different derivatives of glycerol or polyglycerol and maleic anhydride followed by thermal modification: a field test study }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {387-392}, abstract = {

Termite resistance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) modified with a combination of chemical and thermal methods was investigated in field tests. Modification was performed by impregnating different aqueous solutions of glycerol maleate or polyglycerol maleate at different concentrations (10 or 40\%, w/w) into the wood, followed by thermal treatment at different temperatures (180, 200, or 220 degrees C). Field tests were conducted for one-year at Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. All wood samples treated with the combination of chemical and thermal modifications presented significantly higher termite resistance than thermally modified and untreated wood samples. Curing at 200 or 220 degrees C resulted in better performance with mass losses due to termite attack of less than 5\%.

}, author = {M. MUBAROK and H. MILITZ and I.W. DARMAWAN and Y.S. HADI and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1869, title = { A reverse chemical ecology approach to explore wood natural durability }, journal = { MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY }, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The natural durability of wood species, defined as their inherent resistance to wood-destroying agents, is a complex phenomenon depending on many biotic and abiotic factors. Besides the presence of recalcitrant polymers, the presence of compounds with antimicrobial properties is known to be important to explain wood durability. Based on the advancement in our understanding of fungal detoxification systems, a reverse chemical ecology approach was proposed to explore wood natural durability using fungal glutathione transferases. A set of six glutathione transferases from the white-rot Trametes versicolor were used as targets to test wood extracts from seventeen French Guiana neotropical species. Fluorescent thermal shift assays quantified interactions between fungal glutathione transferases and these extracts. From these data, a model combining this approach and wood density significantly predicts the wood natural durability of the species tested previously using long-term soil bed tests. Overall, our findings confirm that detoxification systems could be used to explore the chemical environment encountered by wood-decaying fungi and also wood natural durability.

}, author = {T. PERROT and G. SALZET and N. AMUSANT and J. BEAUCHENE and P. GERARDIN and S. DUMARCAY and R. SORMANI and M. MOREL-ROUHIER and E. GELHAYE} } @article {1883, title = { Some flow patterns within ventilation strategy coupled to energy efficiency }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {88}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Energy and buildings are increasingly becoming subjects for investigations, especially for the indoor air quality domain coupled to energy demand. The physics of fluids flowing inside enclosures bring basic models to understand and build better schemes. This paper is devoted to studying ventilation strategies in regards to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and energy efficiency in floor refreshing houses. A room model is considered in a simplified level, as a cavity heated on the external sidewall and cooled on the bottom ground surface. The external air injector is at variable positions and interacting with the needed cooling power; the air quality (mixing ability) and thermal comfort are also studied. The cooling efficiency inside the considered volume and the average air temperature are analyzed for a given temperature difference characterizing the natural convection level (Rayleigh number, Ra = 10(6)) and a horizontal ventilation (moderate Reynolds number Re = 10(2)). An obtained complex flow structure indicates that the natural convection and the forced flow (ventilation) act directly on the resulting patterns, mixing ability, heat exchange which in a straight line affect the thermal comfort and in fine the energy cost (cooling requirement).

}, author = {S. MORSLI and R. BENNACER and M. EL-GANAOUI and H. RAMENAH and A. CARMASOL} } @article {1877, title = { Steam Explosion of Beech Wood: Effect of the Particle Size on the Xylans Recovery }, journal = { WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION }, volume = {11}, year = {2020}, pages = {625-633}, abstract = {

In this work, the effect of particle size and severity factors was investigated to find the optimum condition of steam explosion pretreatment on xylan recovery of beech wood. The beech wood particles with sizes of 0.16, 1, or 2 mm were steamed at 150-210 degrees C for 2.5-15 min before an explosive decompression. The results showed that the maximum xylan recovery was about 10\% w/w wood with low concentrations of the inhibitors, which were obtained when the particle size is 1 mm and R-0=3.65 (190 degrees C, 10 min). The smallest particle size may result in overcooking of biomass, leads to easily and high degradation of hemicelluloses sugars, whereas the largest particle sizes may result in incomplete autohydrolysis in biomass and lower extractability of hemicelluloses sugars. The obtained optimum condition for xylan recovery will improve the subsequent utilization (such as in food industry and other chemical products), prior to subsequent transformation of steam explosion pretreated wood (bioethanol and pellet).

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02125966}, author = {E. SIMANGUNSONG and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and L. CHRUSCIEL and P. GIRODS and N.J. WISTARA and N. BROSSE} } @article {1868, title = { Tannin plywood bioadhesives with non-volatile aldehydes generation by specific oxidation of mono- and disaccharides }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {98}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Sodium periodate has been shown to cleave glucose by specific oxidation to yield a number of non-volatile aldehydes which can react with the phenolic compounds in tannin extract and lead to tannin cross-linking and hardening. This approach to prepare a tannin resin useable for wood adhesives can be used by either treating with periodate a mixture of tannin and glucose, or to treat glucose beforehand with periodate to cleave it and generate the aldehydes, and only afterwards to mix it with the tannin. The results obtained with these two methods are identical, but the latter method avoids oxidation of tannin. The aldehydes were generated either by direct cleavage of glucose C-C bonds carrying vicinal oriented hydroxyls, or by recombination of the aldehydes so formed by aldol condensation or by water elimination between two aldehyde groups. MALDI ToF analysis indicated that all the three types of aldehydes appeared to react with the polyphenols in the tannin. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and plywood bonded with the tannin + glucose + periodate mixes gave good bonding results, with dry, 24 h cold water soaking and 3 h at 63 degrees C shear strength values improving concomitantly to the proportion of periodate used for the oxidation step.

}, author = {X. XI and A. PIZZI and C.R. FRIHART and L. LORENZ and C. GERARDIN} } @article {1844, title = { Toward the cottonization of hemp fibers by steam explosion. Flame-retardant fibers }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {151}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The goal is to produce cottonized hemp fibers with improved thermal stability. It was first found that the fine hemp fibers produced from technical non-retted hemp fibers by steam explosion exhibited an enhanced thermal stability. An efficient and low-cost process was developed using a mixture of urea/etidronic acid in aqueous solution in order to achieve a high phosphorus content and produce flame retardant fibers by chemical grafting. ICP, P-31 and C-13 NMR, SEM, thermogravimetric, Pyrolysis-Combustion Flow Calorimetry analyses and a flame test were used to characterize the grafted fibers. Fibers modified with relatively high P and N contents have been produced (approximate to 6 wt \% and approximate to 4 wt \% respectively) but lower grafting rates (P approximate to 0.5 \% and N approximate to 0.35 \%) are sufficient to produce non-flammable fibers. A synergistic effect between N and P has been proposed to induce the formation of a stable char.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02676818}, author = {M. MOUSSA and R. EL-HAGE and R. SONNIER and L. CHRUSCIEL and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1845, title = { Towards experimental and numerical assessment of the vibrational serviceability comfort of adhesive free laminated timber beams and CLT panels assembled using compressed wood dowels }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {216}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations on the vibrational serviceability performance of novel adhesive free engineered wood products (AFEWPs), namely adhesive free laminated timber beams (AFLB) and adhesive free cross-laminated timber panels (AFCLT), assembled through thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels (CWD). The laminations composing the AFEWPs are made of oak timber while the CWD are made of spruce. The experimental modal analyses were carried out under free-free conditions using a hammer impact. Natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios were assessed experimentally. In addition, similar glued beams made of oak timber (conventional glulam) were manufactured and tested for comparison purpose. A predictive 3D FE model was developed and validated by comparison against experimental data and then used to predict the vibrational behavior of a realistic flooring system made with AFCLT panel and measuring 4.5 m x 5.5 m. The predicted FE results were discussed with regard to the Eurocode 5 vibrational serviceability design requirements showing acceptable vibrational performance. The variability level of the results for the AFEWPs is also studied and discussed.

}, author = {T.A. BUI and M. OUDJENE and P. LARDEUR and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1888, title = { Valorisation and Modification of Saharan Clay for Removal of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) from Aqueous Solutions }, journal = { POLISH JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES }, volume = {29}, year = {2020}, pages = {1287-1292}, abstract = {

The organosilane-modified Saharan kaolin (KS) was prepared and tested as an adsorbent for Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) removal from aqueous solution in comparison with original Saharan kaolin (K). Characterization of modified clay material and original clay was carried out by different methods (XRD, FTIR, TGA and SEM) in order to establish the link between synthesis, structures and properties. The hydrophilic properties of the clay surface have been modified, but not turned into hydrophobic ones. The graft has indeed a polar amine group and the chain length is too short to present an important hydrophobic character. The adsorption of heavy metal ions onto APTES-modified kaolin showed greater efficiency than original kaolin. The adsorption of metal ions by the original kaolin is dominated by the cation exchange phenomenon with a preferential order of selectivity: Cu(II)\>Ni(II)\>Co(II)\>Cd(II), while adsorption on KS is mainly dominated by attraction of the chelating group of the amine in the same order of selectivity. This new hybrid organic-inorganic material may be a good alternative for separation and preconcentration of heavy metal ions.

}, author = {B. MEROUFEL and M.A. ZENASNI and B. GEORGE} } @article {1857, title = { Wood Composites and Their Polymer Binders }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, pages = {1115}, abstract = {

This review presents first, rather succinctly, what are the important points to look out for when preparing good wood composites, the main types of wood composites manufactured industrially, and the mainly oil-derived wood composite adhesives and binders that dominate and have been dominating this industry. Also briefly described are the most characteristic biosourced, renewable-derived adhesives that are actively researched as substitutes. For all these adhesives, synthetic and biosourced, the reviews expose the considerable progresses which have occurred relatively recently, with a host of new approaches and ideas having been proposed and tested, some even implemented, but with even many more already appearing on the horizon.

}, author = {A. PIZZI and A.N. PAPADOPOULOS and F. POLICARDI} } @article {1812, title = { African tree bark exudate extracts as biohardeners of fully biosourced thermoset tannin adhesives for wood panels }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {132}, year = {2019}, pages = {253-268}, abstract = {

A totally \"bio\" hardener derived from the exudate extract of the African trees Vachellia nilotica and Senegalia senegal was investigated. It hardened a maritime pine tannin resin without any obvious presence of an aldehyde thus obtaining a completely \"bio\" adhesive for wood panels. MALDI-ToF and CP MAS C-13 NMR analysis indicated that the hardeners cross-linking species was 2,5-dihydroxymethyl furan linked onto carbohydrate chains. The hydroxymethyl furan moieties reacted both after detachment from the carbohydrate chains but also with carbohydrate chains still attached. The carbohydrates too were then involved as part of the binder. The gel times were slower than what was obtainable with paraformaldehyde but sufficiently fast to possibly be of industrial significance.

}, author = {B. NDIWE and A. PIZZI and B. TIBI and R. DANWE and N. KONAI and S. AMIROU} } @article {1794, title = { Assessment of hygrothermal behavior of newly straw-rape concrete material in various conditions }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {55}, year = {2019}, pages = {2785-2796}, abstract = {

This article focuses on study of hygrothermal behavior of building made of new bio-concrete based on straw-rape. The assessment was conducted using a numerical study, performed using a coupled heat and mass transfer model which takes into account the temperature dependence of the moisture retention curve. The model consists on coupling of envelope model with mono-zone building ambient air model which takes into account ventilation, occupants production and internal inertia in term of thermal and moisture buffering. The model of building envelope was validated by comparison against experimental data carried out on real scale wall. The results reveal that considering moisture retention curve as a temperature-dependent property leads to better prediction of the relative humidity variation in the material, whereas it has weak influence on temperature variations. However, the overall isothermal model may be enough to predict the temperature and relative humidity variations of the indoor ambient air of building. Results have showed good contribution of the internal thermal inertia to reduce temperature variation of the ambient air of building. In addition, simulations highlighted strong capacity, of the straw-rape concrete, to damp the high variations of outdoor relative humidity for all considered climates, especially in desert climate. This effect conduces to avoid accumulation of moisture in the material thus it may rise the life service of the wall.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02350660}, author = {M. RAHIM and R. DJEDJIG and O. DOUZANE and T. LANGLET and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1828, title = { Catalytic effects of potassium on biomass pyrolysis, combustion and torrefaction }, journal = { APPLIED ENERGY }, volume = {235}, year = {2019}, pages = {346-355}, abstract = {

Potassium is a natural catalyst in biomass thermochemical conversion and plays an essential role in plant\&$\#$39;s growth. To figure out the catalytic effects of potassium on the thermochemical behaviors of biomass, the pyrolysis, combustion, and torrefaction characteristics of rubber wood are comprehensively studied using a thermogravimetric analyzer where the biomass is impregnated by potassium carbonate (K2CO3) at different concentrations. The impregnated potassium is clearly exhibited in the spectra of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, while X-ray diffraction indicate that the cellulose crystallinity decreases with increasing the potassium concentration which increases the biomass reactivity in pyrolysis. The ignition temperature of the potassium-impregnated biomass is lowered slightly when compared with the raw biomass; alternatively, its burnout temperature is reduced profoundly, suggesting that the addition of potassium into the biomass can substantially intensify its oxidative reactivity. Considering the treated biomass torrefaction, its cellulose decomposition at 250 degrees C is intensified, rendering a reduction in the solid yield with increasing potassium concentration. With the same mass loss at 200-300 degrees C, at least 28\% of torrefaction time can be saved for the potassium-impregnated biomass. Accordingly, the catalytic effect of potassium on biomass thermochemical conversion is clearly outlined. Moreover, the produced potassium-rich biochar is conducive to the developments of carbon storage, soil amendment, and negative emissions technologies.

}, author = {M. SAFAR and B.J. LIN and W.H. CHEN and D. LANGAUER and J.S. CHANG and H. RACLAVSKA and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1824, title = { CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMALLY MODIFIED SHORT AND LONG ROTATION TEAKS AND THE EFFECTS ON COATINGS PERFORMANCE }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {21}, year = {2019}, pages = {209-222}, abstract = {

Many wood processing industries use short rotation teak, which has lower quality especially in durability and dimensional stability. Heat treatment is an eco-friendly method to improve dimensional stability and durability of wood. The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of thermal modification on chemical composition, colour, dimensional stability and durability as well as coating\&$\#$39;s performance after accelerated weathering of short and long rotation teak for exterior utilization. In this study, the samples were heated in oven at 220 degrees C for 20 h under nitrogen atmosphere. Results showed that independently of growth conditions teak woods underwent hemicelluloses degradation and an increase of lignin content after heat treatment. Extractives contents were lower in short rotation than in long rotation teak, and decreased in all cases after heat treatments. Dimensional stability was considerably improved as indicated by anti-swelling efficiency values of 64,9\% and 58,9\% for short and long rotation teak, respectively. Heated teak woods were more resistant against Trametes versicolor and the durability of short-rotation teak increased from moderate to very durable. Coatings on heat treated teaks had better bonding quality and better photo-stability when compared to unheated. Heated short rotation teak could be considered for exterior application.

}, author = {L.A. PRATIWI and W. DARMAWAN and T. PRIADI and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN and C. GERARDIN and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1800, title = { Comparison of different treatments based on glycerol or polyglycerol additives to improve properties of thermally modified wood }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {77}, year = {2019}, pages = {799-810}, abstract = {

Impregnation of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) with 10\% w/w aqueous solution of different additives made from the reaction of glycerol or polyglycerol with glycidyl methacrylate or maleic anhydride followed by thermal modification at 150, 200 or 220 degrees C under inert conditions was investigated to evaluate potential synergies between chemical and thermal treatments. Treated and untreated wood were analysed to evaluate mass changes and bulking values after treatments, resistance of treatment to leaching, wettability, anti-swelling efficiency, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), decay resistance against Coriolus versicolor and termite resistance against Reticulitermes flavipes. Results revealed that synergic effects between a combination of light chemical modification and thermal treatments can be observed at higher temperature treatments (200 and 220 degrees C), improving wood dimensional stability (approximately 80\%), decay, and termite resistance properties. However, MOE and MOR values decreased by approximately 30\% and 60\%, respectively. Treated samples resulting from the combination of chemical and thermal treatment performed at 220 degrees C present improved durability against the termites R. flavipes.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02352486}, author = {M. MUBAROK and S. DUMARCAY and H. MILITZ and K. CANDELIER and M.F. THEVENON and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1807, title = { Convective drying of onion: modeling of drying kinetics parameters }, journal = { JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE }, volume = {56}, year = {2019}, pages = {3347-3354}, abstract = {

Drying is a simultaneous heat and mass transfer processes. Drying kinetics is determined by both internal properties and external drying conditions. In this study, two important drying kinetics parameters of onions i.e. effective water diffusivity and relative activation energy of reaction engineering approach (REA) are determined. The generated parameters are used to model thin layer drying of onion at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, and 70 degrees C) and relative humidity of 20\%. The effective water diffusivity is in the range of 2.8x10(-10)m(2)s(-1) and 8.1x10(-10)m(2)s(-1). Unlike the diffusivity, the relative activation energy of the REA is independent on drying conditions and thus the latter approach requires less effort in generating the transport properties. The transport parameters can be applied for assisting in designing dryer units and evaluating the performance of existing dryer units.

}, author = {A. COMPAORE and A. PUTRANTO and A.O. DISSA and S. OUOBA and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and A. BERE and J. KOULIDIATI} } @article {1803, title = { Determination and modeling of the isotherms of adsorption/desorption and thermodynamic properties of obeche and lotofa using nelson{\textquoteright}s sorption model }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {55}, year = {2019}, pages = {2185-2197}, abstract = {

Equilibrium moisture content (EMC), net isosteric heat of sorption (NIHS), net entropy of sorption (NES) and standard free energy of Gibbs (SFEG) of Triplochiton scleroxylon (obeche) and Sterculia rhinopetala (lotofa) are modeled using Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption isotherm model. Experimental data are determined using a dynamic vapor sorption apparatus. Air relative humidity is ranged from 0 to 90\% and two air temperatures (20 degrees C and 40 degrees C) are used. Experimental data of EMCs obtained from adsorption and desorption for the mentioned woods were compared with the predicted results using Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption model by the application of the same operating conditions (i.e. temperatures and relative humidity conditions). The results showed that the predicted ones were in good agreement with the experimental data, when the relative humidity varied from 1.2 to 90\%. Both adsorption and desorption phase presented a mean relative errors value inferior to 6.3\%. The parameters that define the sorption isotherm varied with the wood type and the sorption mode. Thus, Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption isotherm model is a useful tool that can be used for prediction of the moisture change in wood under different environmental conditions and for predicting indirectly the thermodynamic parameters such as NIHS, NES and SFEG. In adsorption and desorption mode, the NIHS are estimated using Clausius-Clapeyron\&$\#$39;s equation. The desorption values were higher than the adsorption ones. NIHS versus EMC varied exponentially and the parameters of the function were presented variable with the sorption mode and the wood type. The total energy that we needed to extract and evaporate all bounded water is 12,398.6 J/mol for obeche and 11,627.7J/mol for lotofa. The total energy that we needed to condense and fix all bounded water taken from the state vapour is 11,829.34 J/mol for obeche and 11,379.39 J/mol for lotofa. Water molecules are more mobile during desorption than adsorption in the case of obeche. In the case of lotofa, these molecules are more mobile during adsorption. SFEG is higher in desorption than adsorption and it is influenced by species and less by the temperature. When the temperature increased, the SFEG increased as well. At low values of EMC, NIHS and SFEG are higher and decreased with the increase of EMC until reaching the fibre saturation point.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521244/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and L. BENNAMOUN and A. LEONARD and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1799, title = { Determination of phenolic compounds by MALDI-TOF and essential oil composition by GC-MS during three development stages of Origanum majorana L. }, journal = { BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY }, volume = {33}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the maturation process of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) on essential oil composition, the phenolic profile of ethanolic extract and their antioxidant capacities. The essential oil composition was studied at three stages of maturity by GC-MS. Thirty compounds were detected representing 100\% of the total essential oil. p-Menth-1-en-4-ol was the major compound (37.15-76.94\%) followed by cyclohexanol-3,3,5 trimethyl (5.41-15.99\%) and alpha-terpineol (0.94-11.34\%). During the maturation process, an accumulation of oxygenated monoterpenes was observed. The phenolic composition was studied using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight. The analysis showed the presence of short flavonoid monomers at all stages of maturation. The antioxidant capacity of ethanolic extracts and essential oils was evaluated using the DPPH assay, iron chelating power and reducing power assay. The highest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were found at flowering stage. These findings on essential oil composition, phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of O. majorana at three different stages of development provide more information on how these secondary metabolites are accumulated.

}, author = {A. KHADHRI and I. BOUALI and C. AOUADHI and M.C. LAGEL and E. MASSON and A. PIZZI} } @article {1814, title = { Development and Quality of Barley Husk Adhesion Correlates With Changes in Caryopsis Cuticle Biosynthesis and Composition }, journal = { FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE }, volume = {10}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

The caryopses of barley become firmly adhered to the husk during grain development through a cuticular cementing layer on the caryopsis surface. The degree of this attachment varies among cultivars, with poor quality adhesion causing \"skinning\", an economically significant grain quality defect for the malting industry. Malting cultivars encompassing a range of husk adhesion qualities were grown under a misting treatment known to induce skinning. Development of the cementing layer was examined by electron microscopy and compositional changes of the cementing layer were investigated with gas-chromatography followed by mass spectroscopy. Changes in gene expression during adhesion development were examined with a custom barley microarray. The abundance of transcripts involved early in cuticular lipid biosynthesis, including those encoding acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and all four members of the fatty acid elongase complex of enzymes, was significantly higher earlier in caryopsis development than later. Genes associated with subsequent cuticular lipid biosynthetic pathways were also expressed higher early in development, including the decarbonylation and reductive pathways, and sterol biosynthesis. Changes in cuticular composition indicate that lowered proportions of alkanes and higher proportions of fatty acids are associated with development of good quality husk adhesion, in addition to higher proportions of sterols.

}, author = {M. BRENNAN and P.E. HEDLEY and C.F.E. TOPP and J. MORRIS and L. RAMSAY and S. MITCHELL and T. SHEPHERD and W.T.B. THOMAS and S.P. HOAD} } @article {1837, title = { DEVELOPMENT OF MIMOSA TANNIN-BASED ADHESIVE CROSS-LINKED BY FURFURYL ALCOHOL- FORMALDEHYDE AND EPOXY RESINS }, journal = { WOOD RESEARCH }, volume = {64}, year = {2019}, pages = {847-858}, abstract = {

A furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde resin was synthesized as a crosslinker in our laboratory to develop a mimosa tannin-based adhesive with good water resistance. C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy indicated that furfuryl alcohol reacted with formaldehyde under acidic conditions and that-CH (-OH) - groups to be the ones involved in the crosslinking of mimosa tannin-furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde adhesive (TFF). The wet shear strength of TFF-bonded plywood suggested that the cured TFF adhesive was better than mimosa tannin-furfuryl alcohol (TF) adhesive. The water resistance of TFF adhesive cross-linked with 9\% epoxy resin was also higher than those of TFF and TF adhesives.

}, author = {J. ZHANG and L.H. XIONG and X.J. ZHOU and G.B. DU and J.K. LIANG and X.D. XI} } @article {1842, title = { Dynamically Cross-Linked Tannin as a Reinforcement of Polypropylene and UV Protection Properties }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Tannins were used as reinforcing components for polypropylene with anti-UV properties via dynamic curing extrusion. The influence of cross-linked tannins in different weight fraction and their anti-UV capacity on morphological, mechanical, rheological, crystallize and thermal properties were studied. The experimental results indicated that the cross-linked tannins improve Young\&$\#$39;s modulus, crystallinity, and thermal stability and reinforce the internal network of polypropylene. After UV accelerated weathering, polypropylene had fewer surface cracks, lower carbonyl index, fewer crystallinity decreases and less mechanical properties loss with increasing tannin content.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01977584}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and A. PIZZI and S. HOPPE} } @article {1829, title = { Effect of combustion technology and biogenic CO2 impact factor on global warming potential of wood-to-heat chains }, journal = { APPLIED ENERGY }, volume = {235}, year = {2019}, pages = {1381-1388}, abstract = {

In this work wood-to-heat chains are assessed on environmental and micro-economical aspects. Wood combustion produced various minor pollutants, which should be considered in life cycle assessment For this purpose different wood combustion processes have been modeled under Aspen Plus (R) software in order to assess pollutant emissions (CO2, aromatic compounds, CO, etc.) based on industrial emission data and therefore to obtain a rigorous life cycle inventory. Different technologies are assessed for a fixed heating demand and hot water production of a typical French house: district heating fueled by wood chips, individual stoves or boilers fueled by wood logs or pellets. Electricity, natural gas, and fuel oil solutions complete the scenario set. The different heating solutions are compared in terms of their greenhouse gas emissions and of the cost of the final energy (including investment and operating costs). The important effect of minor pollutants (such as CO and volatile organic compounds) on the global warming potential of wood-to-heat chains is highlighted. The performance of wood scenarios compared to fossil-based ones is also highly dependent on the impact factor assumed for the biogenic CO2. The wood-based scenarios present a wide range of costs with pellet solutions being more expensive on investment and pellet production.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01935854}, author = {C. PELLETIER and Y. ROGAUME and L. DIECKHOFF and G. BARDEAU and M.N. PONS and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1819, title = { Effect of different acids during the synthesis of urea-formaldehyde adhesives and the mechanical properties of medium-density fiberboards bonded with them }, journal = { JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE }, volume = {136}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

The characteristics of urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives condensed by catalysis with four different acids, namely formic (HCOOH), hydrochloric (HCl), phosphoric (H3PO4), and sulfuric (H2SO4) acids, under alkaline-acidic-alkaline conditions at a molar ratio F/U = 1.12 were studied. The thermal curing properties of UF adhesives catalyzed with acid were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry at 10 degrees C/min heating rate. The resin structure examined by C-13-NMR spectroscopy showed that the resin catalyzed with HCl had a lower proportion of methylol groups, resulting in a lower level of formaldehyde emission. It was interesting to note that HCOOH resulted in the best overall mechanical properties of the medium-density fiberboard (MDF) panels. The HCl catalyst resulted in the poorest performance, providing the lowest internal bond strength, modulus of elasticity, and thickness swelling, with the exception of the free formaldehyde content. The resin catalyzed with H2SO4 had the highest free formaldehyde and the highest formaldehyde emission. H2SO4 and H3PO4 resulted in MDF mechanical properties relatively lower than for HCOOH.

}, author = {A. DORIEH and N.O. MAHMOODI and M. MAMAGHANI and A. PIZZI and M.M. ZEYDI} } @article {1780, title = {Effect of granulometry and binder rate on the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of Africa antiaris sawdust particleboard made with the tannic powder of African locust been pod husk (Parkia biglobosa) and the India tamarin peel}, journal = { JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN ACADEMY OF WOOD SCIENCE }, volume = {16}, year = {2019}, pages = {94-102}, abstract = {

This study aims at appraising the capability of tannic powders of African locust been pod husks (Parkia Biglobosa) and of the India tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce) peel to bind Africa antiaris sawdust particles in order to manufacture environmental panels without formaldehyde emission. In the process, the granulometry has been studied. Thus, four granular groups (g) are obtained: 1.6 \< g \<= 5; 0.8 \< g \<= 1.6; g \<= 0.8; and the raw sawdust (non-sieved). The panels produced from the different powders have been characterized. The mechanical characteristics (MOE: modulus of elasticity and MOR: modulus of rupture) determined by the bending tests are found to respect the threshold specified by the ANSI A208.1 (Medium density fiberboard, National Particleboard Association, Gaithersburg, 2009) standard. The thermal conductivity values of the panels allow concluding that the manufactured panels are conventional insulators according to the French standards RT 2012. The analyses have shown that the panels are of Mean Density in conformity with ANSI A208.1 (Medium density fiberboard, National Particleboard Association, Gaithersburg, 2009) standard.

}, author = {S. DROVOU and K.A. KASSEGNE and K. KADJA and Y. KOUTSAWA and K. SANDA} } @article {1783, title = { Effect of polymeric diisocyanate addition on bonding performance of a demethylated-pyrolysis-oil-based adhesive }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {53}, year = {2019}, pages = {1311-1337}, abstract = {

After demethylation, eucalyptus pyrolysis oil has higher reactivity with formaldehyde in alkaline media than the raw oil. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of adding polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) on a demethylated oil-based adhesive. Chemical composition of pyrolysis oil was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Before and after demethylation, the eucalyptus pyrolysis oil was analyzed by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (C-13 NMR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF). Demethylated oil-based adhesive was analyzed by MALDI-TOF. Plywood panels were produced with adhesives supplemented with 0, 4, 8, 16 and 20\% PMDI and an extra treatment applying a reference phenolic adhesive. The experiment encompassed six treatments with four replicates, totaling 24 panels. As demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, the demethylation reaction was effective in removing methyl groups from the methoxyls of syringol and derivatives, turning them, respectively, into pyrogallol and its derivatives. PMDI was effective as a cross-linking agent, enhancing the mechanical performance of the original demethylated-pyrolysis-oil adhesive. In dry condition and after boiling test, plywood manufactured with formulations adding 16 and 20\% PMDI had shear strengths statistically equal to panels bonded with the reference phenolic adhesive.

}, author = {A.S. PIMENTA and R. TRIANOSKI and A. PIZZI and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and E.C. DE-SOUZA and T.V.D. MONTEIRO and M. FASCIOTTI and R.V.O. CASTRO} } @article {1838, title = {The Effect of the Fin Length on the Solidification Process in a Rectangular Enclosure with Internal Fins}, journal = { FDMP-FLUID DYNAMICS \& MATERIALS PROCESSING }, volume = {15}, year = {2019}, pages = {125-137}, abstract = {

The aim of the proposed work is to study the solidification process within a rectangular enclosure provided with three internal rectangular fins attached to the left vertical wall of the cavity. This latest is filled with a phase change material (PCM), initially liquid, at a temperature above its melting temperature. The solidification process was initiated by cooling the left wall and fins to a temperature lower than the melting temperature. In order to study and examine the thermal behavior and thermal performance of the proposed system, a mathematical model, based on the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy was developed. The governing equations and their associated boundary and initial conditions were next adimensionalyzed. Therefore, several controlling parameters were appeared. The volume control method was used to discretize the equations. The resulting algebraic equations were solved iteratively. Numerical investigations were carried out to study and examine the effect of the dimensionless fin length on the hydrodynamic and thermal fields of the flow, the dimensionless heat flux, the solidified mass fraction and the dimensionless time of complete solidification.

}, url = {http://tsp.techscience.com//uploads/attached/file/20190617/20190617075402_53703.pdf}, author = {L. KHATRA and H. EL-QARNIA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1781, title = { Effect of the initial F/U molar ratio in urea-formaldehyde resins synthesis and its influence on the performance of medium density fiberboard bonded with them }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {95}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

The formaldehyde to urea molar ratio (F/U) plays an important role on the properties of urea formaldehyde (UF) resins and of the medium density fiber board (MDFs) bonded with them. This work presents a hypothesis that besides the final F/U molar ratio in UF resin preparation, the initial F/U affects both the formaldehyde emission levels and the physico-mechanical properties of the boards. Three initial molar ratios F/U of 1.9, 2.1 and 2.3 in resin synthesis have been examined in this work. The structural changes and thermal curing behavior of UF resins were tracked by C-13 NMR and DSC, respectively. At parity of final F/U molar ratio, the resin with initial F/U = 2.1 yielded the highest proportion of linear methylol groups, resulted in the best internal bond strength and lowest thickness swelling of the board. A resin synthesized with the initial F/U = 1.9 provided the highest proportion of total methylene linkages, most methylene ether linkage and lowest free formaldehyde, consistently yielding the lowest formaldehyde emission. These results partially explained why UF resins with lower F/U molar ratios showed relatively poor adhesion when used to manufacture wood-based composites. MDFs bonded with a UF resin having the initial F/U = 2.3 had a relatively good performance with the exception of free formaldehyde, but also showed the best storage stability compared to the other resins having lower initial F/U molar ratios.

}, author = {M.K. DAZMIRI and M.V. KIAMAHALLEH and A. DORIEH and A. PIZZI} } @article {1836, title = { EFFECTS OF HEAT-TREATMENT ON BONDING PERFORMANCE OF BETULA ALNOIDES }, journal = { WOOD RESEARCH }, volume = {64}, year = {2019}, pages = {1045-1054}, abstract = {

Heat-treatment woods of Betula alnoides were prepared by using vapor as the heat-conducting medium. Effects of heat-treatment time and heat-treatment temperature on equilibrium moisture content, density, pH value, contact angle and bonding performance of Benda alnoides were discussed in this paper. The results indicated that: (1) With the increase of heat-treatment temperature, the equilibrium moisture content, density and pH value of Betula alnoides decreased gradually. (2) With the increase of heat-treatment temperature, the contact angle of Betula alnoides increased from 70.08 degrees to about 100 degrees, resulting in the reduction of bonding strength gradually. Bonding strength of Betula alnoides after heat-treatment was related with the used adhesive. Bonding strength of different adhesives decreased to different extents. The bonding strength of Betula alnoides wood with polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) resin was generally higher than that of melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin. The former were 6.35-4.56 MPa, and the latter were 5.60-3.00 MPa. (3) Heat-treatment time influenced equilibrium moisture content, density, contact angle, pH value and bonding strength of Betula alnoides less than heat-treatment temperature. (4) Heat-treatment could affect strength and surface performance of Betula alnoides greatly and the processing medium should be extended.

}, author = {Z.G. WU and S.C. CHEN and M.F. TIAN and L.F. LI and L.P. YU and X.D. XI and J.K. LIANG and B.G. ZHANG and H. LEI and J. ZHANG and T.A. CHEN} } @article {1789, title = { Experimental investigations on adhesive free laminated oak timber beams and timber-to-timber joints assembled using thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {222}, year = {2019}, pages = {288-299}, abstract = {

This paper presents an experimental investigation on a novel adhesive free engineered Wood Products (AFEWPs) as an alternative to the conventional glued EWPs which have a high degree of petrochemicals. The research outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of using compressed wood dowels (CWD) as a joint element, to connect timber laminates and members as well as to substitute for adhesives and metallic fasteners. The paper describes the production of thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels as well as the manufacturing of the dowelled timber specimens. The strength and stiffness properties of CWD are characterized based on three-point bending tests and compared to the values obtained from uncompressed wood specimens. After that, the paper discusses the relative mechanical performances of three-layer dowelled oak beams subjected to four-point bending, in comparison to their conventional glued counterparts. Finally, the paper shows results obtained from double shear push-out tests under both monotonic and cyclic loadings, using two wood species, namely spruce and oak. The obtained results show clearly the potential of thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowel, as a joint fastener, for load bearing capacity.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521217}, author = {I. EL-HOUJEYRI and V.D. THI and M. OUDJENE and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME and A. SOTAYO and Z. GUAN} } @article {1840, title = {Glucose-Biobased Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Rigid Foams}, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {7}, year = {2019}, pages = {301-312}, abstract = {

Glucose-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU) were prepared by reaction of glucose with dimethyl carbonate and hexamethylene diamine. These were used to prepare partially biobased polyurethane foams by reaction with NaHCO3 as a blowing agent and addition of a silane coupling agent having different functions such as coreactant and adjuvant to obtain more uniform and smaller cells. The foams were foamed and hardened by applying heat. The foams presented very limited fire resistance indicating that as for synthetic polyurethane foams the eventual use of a fire retardant appears to be necessary. The 2 hours water absorption was used to indicate if close cells or open cells occur. More characteristic is their stress strain behaviour. While compression does indeed flatten the cell walls nonetheless the cellular structure is maintained and the cell walls have not been destroyed. This indicates a certain level of elasticity in the cell walls of formulations containing NaHCO3. In effect the macro-appearance of this foams, confirms this explanation as the foam is densified and holds together.

}, url = {http://tsp.techscience.com//uploads/attached/file/20190325/20190325065121_13446.pdf}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and G.B. DU} } @article {1808, title = { Glutaraldehyde-wheat gluten protein adhesives for wood bonding }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Wheat gluten protein hydrolysate was used as a biomass feedstock to prepare environmentally friendly protein-based adhesives, with hydrolyzed wheat protein as control. Glutaraldehyde was used to modify it to obtain a glutaraldehyde-wheat protein (GP) adhesive. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was also used as a crosslinking agent. Plywood has been prepared and tested, and its performance was used to measure the wheat gluten protein hydrolysate adhesive bonding performance. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermomechanical analysis (TMA) were used to analyze the adhesive thermal properties and the microstructures of the cured adhesives by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that modification by glutaraldehyde can effectively improve the bonding performance of wheat protein adhesives, the plywood bonded strength having been improved by its addition. The effect of PEI as a crosslinking agent became evident. It can greatly improve the bonding properties of glutaraldehyde-modified wheat protein adhesives. TMA analysis indicates that the glutaraldehyde-modified GP adhesive has a higher storage modulus than the unmodified one. The modulus of the adhesive increased after adding the PEI cross-linking agent.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and J.J. LIAO and S. AMIROU and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1779, title = {Green extraction process of tannins obtained from Moroccan Acacia mollissima barks by microwave: Modeling and optimization of the process using the response surface methodology RSM}, journal = { ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY }, volume = {12}, year = {2019}, pages = {2668-2684}, abstract = {

The effect of extraction conditions on polyphenols contents and condensed tannins by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was studied for the first time to our knowledge. Moroccan barks of Acacia mollissima was used to extract phenolic compounds. The variables studied are the following: power extraction, time extraction and solvent nature. Five powers extraction were tested: 150 W, 250 W, 300 W, 450 W and 600 W. A significant effect of power extraction on the extractable nature was proved by ANOVA and Student test. The yields were also affected by time extraction. Different solvent (water, ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate) were tested to evaluate the best extraction solvent according to the extractable nature. Highest polyphenols contents were obtained with methanol. The proportion of this solvent, time extraction and power extraction were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). A face-centered composite design (FCCD) was applied to evaluate the effects of these variables on the polyphenols and condensed tannins contents. For each experiment, the extraction yield, the total polyphenolic contents and the condensed tannins contents were quantified using colorimetric essays. The extracts were characterized by their reactivity to formaldehyde and reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The highest polyphenols content was obtained at 156 W using 80\% of methanol during 5 min. For condensed tannins, the highest content of cyanidin was obtained at 182 W using 20\% of methanol during 3.66 min. RSM applied in MAE, permitted to develop green extraction process of polyphenols and tannins extracted, using lower microwave power and methanol proportion with a shortest time extraction and in the same time improve the quantity of extractables obtained from renewable natural resource.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01597950}, author = {N. RHAZI and H. HANNACHE and M. OUMAM and A. SESBOU and B. CHARRIER and A. PIZZI and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1791, title = { High voltage electric discharges treatment for high molecular weight hemicelluloses extraction from spruce }, journal = { CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS }, volume = {222}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

The aim of this work is to extract hemicelluloses polymers from spruce sawdust using High Voltage Electrical Discharges (HVED) pretreatment. HVED pretreatment was carried out in order to improve deconstruction of the wood matrix and to allow easier release of high molecular mass hemicelluloses. The results revealed the advantage of HVED activation step in the process of extraction. The yield of hemicellulose extraction increased with HVED treatment time. In fact, after 4 ms of HVED treatment time in 1M NaOH solution, the yield obtained was higher as compared to the untreated sample (19 mg/g of dry matter and 15.8 mg/g of dry matter respectively). The molecular weights of extracted hemicelluloses are very high (55 kDa and 47 kDa for 4 ms of HVED-treatment in 1M NaOH solution and water respectively). The use of different mediums of extraction with HVED pretreatment have revealed a selective solubilization of spruce hemicelluloses.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02290577}, author = {M. CHADNI and N. GRIMI and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and N. BROSSE and O. BALS} } @article {1813, title = { Homolytic and Heterolytic Cleavage of beta-Ether Linkages in Hardwood Lignin by Steam Explosion }, journal = { JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY }, volume = {67}, year = {2019}, pages = {5989-5996}, abstract = {

Steam-explosion lignin (SEL) was extracted with ethanol from steam-exploded hardwood (okoume, Aucoumea klaineana Pierre) pretreated at various severities after neutral or acidic impregnation. The SELs were subjected to structural characterization by 2D HSQC NMR, P-31 NMR, and SEC and compared with milled-wood lignin (MWL). A strong decrease in the beta-O-4 content is observed with increasing steam-explosion severity accompanied by a gradual increase in molecular mass. C alpha-oxidized S units (S\&$\#$39;, Hibbert\&$\#$39;s ketones) were quantified by NMR and used as a marker of the hydrolytic mechanism; naphthol was used as a carbonium-ion scavenger. It has been observed that mixed reactions of hydrolysis and homolysis are involved, but the SEL is mainly cleaved homolytically, favoring recondensation through radical coupling even at low reaction severity. However, acidic preimpregnation of wood prior to steam explosion enhanced the carbonium-ion pathway.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02125895}, author = {S.N. OBAME and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN} } @article {1823, title = { Improvement of Modified Wood Properties with Addition of Chestnut Tannins in Lactic Acid-Based Treatments }, journal = { JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {39}, year = {2019}, pages = {124-135}, abstract = {

Wood modification treatments based on lactic acid oligomers (OLA) and monomers (LA) enhance beech dimensional stability (up to 70\%) and biological resistance (less than 3\% weight loss according to EN113). Chestnut wood tannins natural biological activity might improve the modified wood durability with milder curing conditions. Treatment consisted of the impregnation of monomers or oligomers mixtures followed by curing (140 degrees C/160 degrees C for 48h). Tannins addition is almost inconsequential with oligomeric-based treatment but improved the monomeric-based treatment. In this case, modified wood biological resistance and product persistence were increased. OLA impregnated wood cured at 160 degrees C was always the best performing treatment regarding dimensional stability and durability, but the addition of tannins in LA systems conferred promising properties to wood allowing simplification of the modification process.

}, author = {C. GROSSE and M. NOEL and M.F. THEVENON and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1798, title = { Increased grain density of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is associated with an increase in grain nitrogen }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE }, volume = {89}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Barley for malting is evaluated by different grain quality measures, one of these measures is specific weight. An increased specific weight is assumed to lead to higher malt output, however this has not yet been proven. Specific weight is a measure of bulk density, a combination of both individual grain density and the packing efficiency of the grain. Links between specific weight or its components to aspects which may affect malt output have not been investigated. Here we examined correlations between barley grain density and nitrogen content, carbon content, starch content, amylose/amylopectin ratio and starch granule metrics. We show that nitrogen content and the proportional volume, number and surface area of starch B-granules positively correlated with grain density. An equation was built to predict grain density from grain nitrogen and the proportional volume of starch B-granules; this described 47\% of observed variation in grain density. An independent validation of the equation indicated that nitrogen content alone was sufficient to successfully estimate grain density. As nitrogen content is consistently positively correlated with grain density and hence specific weight, a high specific weight could be unfavourable for some malting end-uses which require low grain nitrogen. Achievement of high specific weight must therefore carefully consider end-user requirements.

}, author = {A. HOYLE and M. BRENNAN and G.E. JACKSON and S. HOAD} } @article {1843, title = { Influence of high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on bonding characteristics of Masson (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) veneer composites }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {77}, year = {2019}, pages = {105-114}, abstract = {

For the first time, it was experimented with high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) for the optimization of the bonding process of urea formaldehyde (UF) resin to wood. Varying HVEF treatment times (0-8min) and intensities (5-20kV) were applied. Wood surface characteristics, polymerization extent of UF, and bonding interphase of UF to wood were examined by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, dynamic contact angle goniometers, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray densitometer, fluorescence microscope and bonding strength measurement. The results indicated that HVEF treatments applied to wood veneer induced a decrease in contact angles and an increase in the free radicals of wood, and surface energy varied with treatment times and intensities. These varieties were because triggered free electrons, broken chemical bonds and new ions appeared on the wood surface with HVEF treatment. An aggregated performance was obviously obtained in micrographs and vertical density profiles (VPDs). It was explained that resin penetration into wood structure was significantly shallow, and resin concentration and density at bonding interphase were more enhanced than the control. This is due to the increment of surface energy and lower contact angles providing more chances for possible reactions of wood surface with the UF resin. Resin penetration depth and density varied with different treatment times and intensities. Increased cross-linking extent of UF was obtained under varied conditions of HVEF treatment. The bonding strength was measured as a function of treatment times and intensities respectively; it increased by 85\% and the wood failure ratio significantly increased by 70\% under HVEF treatment (20kV, 8min) due to the aggregation performance and more cross-linked UF resin. It was manifested that both treatment time and intensity play a significant role in HVEF treatment, and HVEF treatment has a significant influence on the characteristics of the wood surface and the bonding properties of wood composites.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289753}, author = {Q. HE and T.Y. ZHAN and Z.H. JU and H.Y. ZHANG and L. HONG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1832, title = { Integration of the PCM with intra-ventilation for improved thermal and inertial characteristics of the building envelope }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {84}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Several solutions based on phase change materials (PCM) are used for the thermal regulation of buildings. In this study, a combination of the inertial effect of PCM and intra-ventilation regulation is proposed. The purpose is to increase the thermal inertia of the building envelope leading to a fast passive and active cooling of the indoor environment. The principle of the solution is the use of a polymer-stabilized paraffin in external walls integrating ventilation pipes. For that, an experimental study of a hollow concrete block with PCM and ventilation tubes is conducted to test its thermal response. Gathered to this part, a 3D numerical model is developed under COMSOL Multiphysics (R). The obtained simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data. A parametric study is then performed including its actual characteristics against several conditions; it is revealed that the use of PCM gathered to the ventilation tubes enhances the thermal phase shift. It is stated that the forced ventilation through the tubes makes it possible to manage the energy and contribute to the renewal of the air.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02076663}, author = {A. LAAOUATNI and M. MARTAJI and R. BENNACER and M. EL-OMARI and L. BIN and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. Merabtine} } @article {1801, title = { Investigations of mechanical properties and chemical changes occurring during welding of thermally modified ash wood }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {34}, year = {2019}, pages = {13-24}, abstract = {

Heat treatment of wood appears as an ecological and environmentally friendly alternative in the field of wood treatment. Generally, thermal modification increase dimensional stability by reduces of hygroscopicity and water absorption but it makes it difficult to bonding in some application. During welding, changes in the morphological, chemical, and physical properties of the wood cell wall are observed due to the compression and high temperatures produced by welding. Also, the degradation of cell wall in the wood causes some mechanical properties are reduced. This modification appears without any effect on the linear welding of thermal-ash wood. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used for evaluation of properties of wood-welding systems and their interactions. The mass spectrometry (MS) analysis was used to identifying the organic degradation products emitted during welding of thermo-ash. The results of experiments show that the use of friction welding for the bonding of thermal ash wood in dry conditions was possible, and we had good results. The best combination was with a welding time of 3.5 s devised to 0.5 s and 3 s and welding pressure 2.5 and 4 MPa, respectively. The result obtained is comparable to the result obtained with EPI adhesives. Welding time greater than 3.5 MPa negatively affects the welding quality and gives low the mechanical strength.

}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1841, title = { Lignin-Based Carbon Nanofibers as Electrodes for Vanadium Redox Couple Electrochemistry }, journal = {NANOMATERIALS}, volume = {9}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Three different types of lignin (kraft, organosolv and phosphoric acid lignin) were characterized and tested as precursors of electrospun nanofibers. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) was added as a plasticizer and dimethyl formamide (DMF) employed as a solvent. It was found that the molecular weight of lignin was the key parameter to understand the differences of the mechanical stability of the resultant fiber mats. In the case of kraft lignin (KL), the influence of some changes in the synthetic process was also tested: applied voltage, pretreatment in air or not, and the addition of a small amount of Ketjen black. After pyrolysis in nitrogen flow, the obtained carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were characterized by different techniques to analyze their differences in morphology and surface chemistry. Vanadium electrochemistry in 3M sulfuric acid was used to evaluate the different CNFs. All fibers allowed electrochemical reactions, but we observed that the oxidation of V(II) to V(III) was very sensitive to the nature of the raw material. Materials prepared from kraft and phosphorus lignin showed the best performances. Nevertheless, when 1 wt.\% of Ketjen black was added to KL during the electrospinning, the electrochemical performance of the sample was significantly improved and all targeted reactions for an all-vanadium redox flow battery were observed. Therefore, in this work, we demonstrated that CNFs obtained by the electrospinning of lignin can be employed as electrodes for vanadium electrochemistry, and their properties can be tuned to improve their electrochemical properties.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02125947}, author = {J.F. VIVO-VILCHES and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and N. BROSSE and A. DUFOUR and M. ETIENNE} } @article {1775, title = { Magnetic field impact on nanofluid convective flow in a vented trapezoidal cavity using Buongiorno{\textquoteright}s mathematical model }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {88}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Numerical study for the effect of an external magnetic field on the mixed convection of Al2O3-water Newtonian nanofluid in a right-angle vented trapezoidal cavity was performed using the finite volume method. The non-homogeneous Buongiorno model is applied for numerical description of the dynamic phenomena inside the cavity. The nanofluid, with low temperature and high concentration, enters the cavity through the upper open border, and is evacuated through opening placed at the right end of the bottom wall. The cavity is heated from the inclined wall, while the remainder walls are adiabatic and impermeable to both the base fluid and nanoparticles. After validation of the model, the analysis was carried out for a wide range of Hartmann number (0 \<= Ha \<= 100) and nanoparticles volume fraction (0 \<= phi(0) \<= 0.06). The flow behavior as well as the temperature and nanoparticles distribution shows a particular sensitivity to the variations of both the Hartmann number and the nanofluid concentration. The domination of conduction mechanism at high Hartmann numbers reflects the significant effect of Brownian diffusion which tends to uniform the distribution of nanoparticles in the domain. The average Nusselt number which increases with the nanoparticles addition, depends strongly on the Hartmann number. Finally, a correlation predicting the average Nusselt number within such geometry as a function of the considered parameters is proposed.

}, author = {M. BENZEMA and Y.K. BENKAHLA and A. BOUDIAF and S.E. OUYAHIA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1806, title = {Microbial growths and checking on acrylic painted tropical woods and their static bending after three years of natural weathering}, journal = { JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR\&T }, volume = {8}, year = {2019}, pages = {3495-3503}, abstract = {

Wood products exposed outdoor could be weathered, especially in the tropical region with high in sun light, temperature, rain intensity, and relative humidity. Water based acrylic paint was coated on surface of teak, camphor, and pine woods for natural weathering resistance. The natural weathering and wood materials affected the resistance of the acrylic paint film on fungi (blue-stain and decay fungi), cracking, and MOE/MOR bending. After 36 months of exposure, the surface of unpainted pine and camphor panels were covered by fungi over 40\% and reached the growth index of 5. The acrylic painted woods provided lower growths index of fungi up to three years of exposure. Application of the acrylic paint on the wood panels was observed to minimize the index of cracking from 5 for unpainted to 3 for painted after 36 month exposure. The average adhesion scale for the acrylic paint film dropped from 4.5 before exposure to 2.3 after 36 month exposure. The percentages of MOE/MOR drop after 36 month exposure were observed. The 36 month exposure caused the loss of MOR of 10.7\% and 5.1\% for unpainted and acrylic painted panel, respectively, and the loss of MOE of 6.8\% and 1.4\% for unpainted and acrylic painted panel, respectively. The acrylic paint film can be considered to protect the pine, camphor and teak at least 36 months. However, teak wood with the greatest resistance to the natural weathering factors will provide the longest service life compared to pine and camphor.

}, author = {W. DARMAWAN and E.N. HERLIYANA and A. GAYATRI and D. DUMASARI and A. HASANUSI and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1818, title = { Modeling and prediction of devolatilization and elemental composition of wood during mild pyrolysis in a pilot-scale reactor }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {131}, year = {2019}, pages = {357-370}, abstract = {

Mild pyrolysis, operated at 200-300 degrees C in an inert atmosphere, is a promising technology to produce sustainable materials (i.e., heat treated woods for construction and building) and solid fuels (i.e., torrefied woods or biochars for combustion and gasification). To aid in process and reactor design, the aim of this work is to conduct thermal degradation kinetics of wood. A two-step kinetics model is developed to predict the elemental composition (C, H, and 0) and devolatilization dynamics of wood materials during heat treatment in a pilot-scale reactor by kinetic analysis. A hardwood poplar (Populus nigra) and a softwood fir (Abies pectinata) sever as feedstock, and the experiments are carried out at 200-230 degrees C with a heating rate of 0.2 degrees C min(-1) in a low-pressure environment (200 hPa). The predictions in the weight losses of the woods are in a good agreement with the experimental data. The evolutions of solids, volatiles, elements (C, H, and O), and the heating values of treated woods are further analyzed. The predictions suggest that the intermediate solid is the main product, and almost all the woods are converted when the treatment temperature is as high as 230 degrees C. The devolatilization process, which is responsible for the mass loss of wood, can be clearly identified, and the volatile liberation amounts from poplar and fir at 230 degrees C are 17.05 and 12.44 wt\%, respectively. The predicted HHVs of treated woods from the empirical formula are between 19.62 and 20.55 MJ kg and the enhancement factors at the end of treatment are between 1.01 and 1.07 which is close to torrefied wood after light torrefaction. During the treatment, the extents of decarbonization, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation in fir are all smaller than those in poplar, resulting from the lower intensity of devolatilization in the former.

}, author = {B.J. LIN and E.A. SILVEIRA and B. COLIN and W.H. CHEN and Y.Y. LIN and F. LECONTE and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1788, title = { Modeling of coupled heat and mass transfer during drying of ebony wood using indirect natural convection solar dryer }, journal = { DRYING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {37}, year = {2019}, pages = {1863-1878}, abstract = {

This study presented the behavior of a laboratory scale solar dryer, which was designed with the objective of meeting the needs of low income carpenters of the tropical region of Africa. The following materials were used to build the solar dryer: aluminum sheets painted in black, a wooden support, and a plastic polyethylene used as a cover. Drying was carried out in the city of Yaounde in Cameroon, and the tested boards were ebony (Diospyros crassiflora). Drying must be performed with the following conditions: slow process at a low temperature in order to maintain the proper air relative humidity. Since, no apparatus was used to force the circulation of the air, natural convection was the mode used by the dryer. The solar dryer was mathematically modeled by applying heat and mass transfer balance to the different components of the solar dryer. It is important to mention that the used heat and mass coefficients were proposed as variable with the operating conditions. The mathematical model was a reasonable description of the physical phenomena taking place in the dryer. The results show that the average relative error between numerical and experimental moisture contents was equal to 2.102\%. Heat transfer convective coefficients and global mass transfer coefficients varied with drying time from 0.25 to 5.5 W/(m(2)K) and from 1 x 10(-8) to 5.5 x 10(-8) m/s, respectively. The proposed model allowed designing and dimensioning the solar dryer, to the industrial scale. It allowed following the evolution of the different temperatures and moisture content of the tested material and then optimizing the design of the dryer and the drying process conditions. Based on the model, proposing the opening of the drying chamber during the night time and the use of substances capable of retaining heat in the chamber were some proposed solutions in order to have more efficient drying process. The modeling results showed also that an improvement can be obtained at the addition of a solar collector.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521718/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and B. BONOMA and L. BENNAMOUN and L. MONKAM and A. LEONARD and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1786, title = { Modelling and numerical simulation of hygrothermal transfer through a building wall for locations subjected to outdoor conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa }, journal = { JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING }, volume = {26}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

In the building sector, the improvement of the heat and mass insulation of the walls can reduce the values of the global energy demand and the CO2 emission. A coupled one-dimensional heat and mass transfer model through a building wall was proposed in this study. The governing equations integrate the influences of Dufour and Soret effects and are numerically resolved using FORTRAN 90 and finite difference method in Crank-Nicolson scheme. Gauss-Seidel relaxation iteration method is used in order to generate the numerical solutions. The accuracy of the model was evaluated with experimental data on wooden wall and concrete wall from literature. A very satisfactory agreement is noted between the numerical predictions, experimental observations and physical phenomenon obtained. The model was further used to simulate the hygrothermal transfer through five tropical woods used as building walls in sub-Saharan African region after integration of outdoor conditions. These five woods have densities ranging from 430 to 800 kg/m(3) and the conditions of the interior air were fixed to maintain a comfortable state for the occupants. Twelve towns located within latitudes 4.33 degrees S to 12.37 degrees N in Sub - Saharan Africa were used to discuss the results given by the model. At the end, influences of anatomical direction, tropical wood types, wall thickness, latitudes of the locations and solar radiation on evolutions of temperature and moisture content in the wall are studied. Our results showed that these parameters have significant effects on temperature and moisture content propagation within the wall. Using a wooden wall of 5 cm thickness, it is possible to reduce significantly the effect of the exterior heat.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521709/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and M.C. NDUKWU and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1776, title = { Modelling the hygrothermal behaviour of cement-bonded wood composite panels as permanent formwork }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {142}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This paper reports on the hygrothermal behaviour of a new bio-based composite building material, based on recycled wood fibres used as eco-aggregate within a cementitious matrix. A coupled heat and moisture transfer was established through the material and resolved numerically with a model developed herein. Relative humidity and temperature were chosen as driving potentials. The hygric and thermal properties of the material were analysed and then used as input parameters in the model. The accuracy of the latter was verified by comparing the simulation results with experimental hygrothermal tests, from which the moisture buffering value (MBV) could be determined. The MBV showed that the wood-cement composite material might contribute to improve the indoor thermal comfort and be relevant for low-energy building design.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02357702}, author = {M. LI and V. NICOLAS and M. KHELIFA and M. EL-GANAOUI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1834, title = { Morphological Approach for Nonlinear Flow and Heat Transfer in Complex Bio-Composite Material }, journal = { HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING }, volume = {40}, year = {2019}, pages = {1486-1497}, abstract = {

The bio-based materials have experienced in recent years a relevant evolution in construction and for many building applications. Despite the efforts to develop new solutions to achieve the objectives of numerical characterizations a few researches in this area have been carried out using a heterogeneous wood-cement composite. This study is based on a constructive approach using the finite volume method in order to generate a numerical model capable of reproducing;the equivalent transfer properties of a wood-cement composite. The challenge is to understand, design, and control this multiphase inhornogeneous structure and predict transfers and flows within the community in order to achieve an optimal functionality. Experimental measurements and microscopic characterization using X-ray microtomography were performed to compare and demonstrate the method validation. The comparative results demonstrate a less than 100\% deviation between the measurements and the simulations of the equivalent thermal properties. Thus, thermal conductivity and permeability, under different medium configurations, were characterized. Therefore, it was observed that these properties depend strongly on the porosity and the pore distribution in the continuous phase. Moreover, these two parameters are highly dependent on cement percentages in the structure.

}, author = {R.C. DEPTULSKI and F. MNASRI and M. EL-GANAOUI and R. BENNACER} } @article {1826, title = { New insight into the use of latent catalysts for the synthesis of urea formaldehyde adhesives and the mechanical properties of medium density fiberboards bonded with them }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {112}, year = {2019}, pages = {195-205}, abstract = {

Recently, there has been a rapid growth in research and innovation in the synthesis of UF resins in the wood based composites area. Much effort has gone into increasing their mechanical performance to extend the capabilities and application of this group of materials. This paper, for the first time, defines the research on the use of ammonium salts not as hardeners but in the synthesis of OF resins. The objective of this study was to investigated the effects of various types of catalysts (ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid) during UF resins synthesis on formaldehyde emission and characteristics of urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for the manufacture of medium density fiberboard. These were investigated by C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-13 NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and as a result some of the physical and mechanical properties of medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels bonded with different OF resins were evaluated. The resins structure examined by C-13 NMR spectroscopy showed that a resin catalyzed by (NH4)(2)SO4 had a higher proportion of hydroxymethyl groups (mostly -HN-CH2OH) resulting in a higher level of formaldehyde emission. A resin catalyzed by NH4Cl gave the highest proportion of methylene groups. A resin catalyzed by H2SO4 yielded the highest proportion of methylene groups in di- or tri-substituted ureas but the lowest proportion of mono-substituted urea. It was of interest that (NH4)(2)SO4 catalyzed UF adhesive yielded the best overall mechanical properties for the medium density fiber board (MDF) bonded with it. Conversely, it also presented the shortest shelf life and gelled in about 15 days, which could be related to its high reactivity and shortest gel time. Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) panels bonded with UF adhesives without any ammonium salt (thus with either H2SO4 or HCl) had lower IB strength, MOR and MOE. The HCl catalyst was considered to be chemically least active, yielding the lowest cohesive energy, and resulted in panels presenting a poor performance as shown by their lowest IB (internal bond) strength, modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR) and highest thickness swelling, with the exception of the free formaldehyde content.

}, author = {A. DORIEH and N.O. MAHMOODI and M. MAMAGHANI and A. PIZZI and M.M. ZEYDI and A. MOSLEMI} } @article {1790, title = { Non-biocide antifungal and anti-termite wood preservation treatments based on combinations of thermal modification with different chemical additives }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {77}, year = {2019}, pages = {1125-1136}, abstract = {

The synergic effect between a mild chemical and thermal modification of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) has been studied. A low concentration of additives based on vinylic-polyglycerol, vinylic-glycerol, and maleic anhydride was impregnated into beech wood, followed by curing under different temperature conditions at 103, 150, 200, and 220 degrees C. The modified wood was then analyzed for its leaching resistance, dimensional stability, wettability, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) in bending, decay resistance against Trametes versicolor, and termite resistance against Reticulitermes flavipes. Results have disclosed a synergic effect of thermo-chemical wood modification under 200 and 220 degrees C curing conditions. At these curing temperatures, thermo-chemically modified beech presents improved dimensional stability (\> 60\%) and better resistance against both Trametes versicolor and Reticulitermes flavipes compared to the control. However, at the same conditions, MOE and MOR values were lowered by approximately 25\% and 60\%, respectively.

}, author = {M. MUBAROK and S. DUMARCAY and H. MILITZ and K. CANDELIER and M.F. THEVENON and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1825, title = { Non-isocyanate polyurethane adhesive from sucrose used for particleboard }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {53}, year = {2019}, pages = {393-405}, abstract = {

Sucrose-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (S-NIPU) were synthesized by the already codified reaction of sucrose, dimethyl carbonate and hexamethylene diamine and used for the first time as adhesives for bonding particleboard. To decrease the NIPU adhesive curing temperature, a silane coupling agent was used as a crosslinking promoter. The performance of particleboards prepared at a press temperature of 230 degrees C, 200 degrees C and 180 degrees C and a press time of 8 min, 10 min and 12 min was tested and evaluated. The structure of the oligomers obtained was detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Thermomechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were also used to analyze their behavior. The particleboards bonded with the S-NIPU adhesive at 230 degrees C showed excellent properties, which, however, decreased as the press time was reduced. The silane coupling agent used as a crosslinking promoter significantly reduced the curing temperature of the adhesive and allowed to obtain good bonding at a lower press temperature. The results obtained confirmed that coupling the S-NIPU adhesive with a silane used as a crosslinking promoter can yield sufficiently improved results to function as a suitable adhesive for particleboard, medium density fiberboard and other types of particulate wood panels. It was also the first time that a NIPU adhesive was used for wood bonding.

}, author = {X.D. XI and Z.G. WU and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and H. LEI and B.G. ZHANG and G.B. DU} } @article {1809, title = { Occurrence of fucosylated and non-fucosylated xyloglucans in the cell walls of monocotyledons: An immunofluorescence study }, journal = { PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY }, volume = {139}, year = {2019}, pages = {428-434}, abstract = {

The xyloglucans of monocotyledons are known to vary in the abundance of fucosylated side chains, with most commelinid monocotyledons having xyloglucans with lower proportions than non-commelinid monocotyledons. In many commelinid species, and some non-commelinid species that have lower proportions of fucosylated side chains, these side chains have been shown to be cell-type specific. To determine whether it is just the fucosylated side chains that are cell-type specific, or whether xyloglucan is cell-type specific in these species, we used the monoclonal antibody LM15 in conjunction with immmunofluorescence microscopy. We examined the distribution of cell-wall labelling among cell types in these species. The primary walls of all cell types were shown to contain xyloglucans in all species that had cell-type specific distributions of fucosylated side chains. This indicates that it is the fucosylated side chains of xyloglucans that is cell-type specific. Although the functional significance of xyloglucan fucosylation remains unknown, such cell-type specificity supports hypotheses that the fucosylated side chains may indeed have a functional role within the cell wall.

}, author = {M. BRENNAN and D. FAKHARUZI and P.J. HARRIS} } @article {1784, title = { Optimizing Chemical Wood Modification with Oligomeric Lactic Acid by Screening of Processing Conditions }, journal = { JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {39}, year = {2019}, pages = {385-398}, abstract = {

When exposed to moisture, wood undergoes swelling and is susceptible to fungal degradation. Chemical modification via oligomeric lactic acid (OLA) treatment has been found to be a promising environmentally friendly solution to this disadvantage. In this study, wood was impregnated with OLA and then variously heat treated to polymerize the OLA in situ. The effect of curing temperature and time on OLA polymerization has been determined chemically. Dimensional stability was examined by water immersion and hygroscopicity measurements and biological decay resistance also evaluated. OLA impregnation followed by heat treatment enhanced wood properties. OLA cure at 160 degrees C for 48 h resulted in treated wood with greater dimensional stability and biological resistance.

}, author = {C. GROSSE and W.J. GRIGSBY and M. NOEL and A. TREU and M.F. THEVENON and P. GERARDIN} } @inbook {1835, title = { Organosolv Processes }, booktitle = {BIOREFINERIES}, volume = {166}, number = {Advances in Biochemical Engineering-Biotechnology}, year = {2019}, pages = {153-176}, abstract = {

Biofuels and chemicals can be produced from lignocellulosic feedstocks using biotechnological processes. The effective utilization of carbohydrates from biomass for the production of biofuels necessitates the development of pretreatment technologies to enhance their enzymatic digestibility. Among all the various pretreatment methods currently studied and developed, the organosolv processes, in which organic solvents or aqueous organic solvent mixtures are used as the pretreatment medium, appear to be specially promising in the context of the biorefinery because (1) they produce cellulosic pulp with a good enzymatic digestibility for monomeric glucose production and (2) they allow a clean fractionation of the major biomass components (cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses) into three process streams. In this chapter we give an updated overview of organosolv methods using conventional solvents and ionic liquids which have recently gained considerable interest as solvents for lignocellulosic biomass and pretreatment.

}, author = {N. BROSSE and M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM} } @article {1787, title = { Particleboard bonded with bio-hardeners of tannin adhesives }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {77}, year = {2019}, pages = {1221-1223}, abstract = {

A totally bio hardener acting with an unusual and new hardening mechanism derived from the exudate extract of the African trees Vachellia nilotica and Senegalia senegal was used to harden a maritime pine tannin resin without any aldehyde obtaining a completely bio adhesive for interior particleboard. For a density and pH given, the internal bond (IB) values increased simultaneously with the rate of bio-hardener. The optimal dry IB values (0.63 MPa) were obtained with 15\% of bio-hardener solids. The low IB value (0.38 MPa) was obtained with 6\% of bio-hardener solids. The IB of panels manufactured with UF as hardener are slightly higher than those using the above bio-hardeners.

}, author = {B. NDIWE and A. PIZZI and R. DANWE and B. TIBI and N. KONAI and S. AMIROU} } @article {1820, title = { PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GLUED-LAMINATED LUMBER FROM FAST-GROWING TREE SPECIES USING MAHOGANY TANNIN ADHESIVE }, journal = { WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE }, volume = {51}, year = {2019}, pages = {132-143}, abstract = {

Tannin from mahogany bark extract contains polyphenols that could be used in adhesives. In this study, tannin (T) was reacted with resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) at a ratio of 100:3:5 (w/w/w) under alkaline conditions to make an adhesive. The physical-chemical properties of tannin and TRF adhesive were assessed. Three-layer glued-laminated lumber (glulam) made with wood from jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), pine (Pious merkusii), and sengon (Falcataria moluccana) was bonded using TRF with a glue spread of 280 g/m(2), cold pressed at 1.47 MPa for 4 h, and then clamped for 24 h. Glulam physical-mechanical properties were tested based on Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) 234-2007. Comparison of the physical properties of mahogany tannin and TRF showed that the solids content of mahogany tannin increased after becoming TRF. Compared with phenol resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF) resins, TRF had a similar appearance and specific gravity, but differed in solids content, viscosity, and gel time. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time of flight mass (TOF) spectra revealed that mahogany tannin could be classified as hydrolyzable, and pyrolysis Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed that the phenolic content was 8.87\%. Copolymerization in TRF was indicated by a shift in wave number in Fourier transform IR, reduced percentage of the phenolic component, and increased pH and melting temperature. Mahogany tannin could be prepared for cold-set TRF glulam adhesive, and all glulams fulfilled JAS 234-2007 with regard to MC and MOR. Although TRF adhesive contained a small amount of resorcinol, it was suitable for low density wood, and in dry condition performed equal to PRF.

}, author = {A.S.R.D. LESTARI and Y.S. HADI and D. HERMAWAN and A. SANTOSO and A. PIZZI} } @article {1805, title = { Polypropylene Blend with Polyphenols through Dynamic Vulcanization: Mechanical, Rheological, Crystalline, Thermal, and UV Protective Property }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Tannin and lignin were blended with polypropylene (PP) through dynamic vulcanization technique. Their influence of mechanical property, crystallinity, thermal stability, as well as ultraviolet (UV) protection property on the PP matrix was investigated and compared with native tannin and lignin. According to our experimental results, tannin and lignin undergo dynamic vulcanization and were more compatible with the PP matrix. Besides, tannin and vulcanized tannin can perform as nucleating agents of PP because of their relatively small particle size. Moreover, vulcanized tannin/lignin have a better performance on the thermal stability of PP compared with native tannin/lignin, especially PP/vulcanized lignin blend. Furthermore, vulcanized tannin/lignin present better UV protective performance, concluded from fewer changes on surface morphology, carbonyl index, crystallinity, viscosity, and tensile property.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02196798}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and A. PIZZI and S. HOPPE and X.D. XI and X.J. ZHOU} } @article {1785, title = { Preparation and Evaluation of Glucose Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Self-Blowing Rigid Foams }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

A partially biobased self-blowing and self-hardening polyurethane foam from glucose-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (g-NIPU) was prepared by reaction of glucose with dimethyl carbonate and hexamethylene diamine. However, these foam types generally require a high foaming temperature. In this paper, a self-blowing foam based on g-NIPU was prepared at room temperature by using maleic acid as an initiator and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. Water absorption, compression resistance, and fire resistance were tested. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the foam cells structure. Middle infrared (ATR FT-MIR) and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to help to analyze the reactions during the foaming process. The results obtained showed that self- blowing rigid foams have good compression, this being directly proportional to the foam density. Increasing the amount of glutaraldehyde or reducing maleic acid thickens the cell walls and increases the density of the foams. MALDI-TOF analysis showed that g-NIPU reacts with both maleic acid and glutaraldehyde. The foams presented poor fire resistance indicating that, as for isocyanate based polyurethane foams, addition of a fire retardant would be necessary.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and H. LEI and X.Y. CHEN and S. AMIROU} } @article {1782, title = { The quality of barley husk-caryopsis adhesion is not correlated with caryopsis cuticle permeability }, journal = { JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY }, volume = {243}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Adhesion of the barley husk to the underlying caryopsis requires the development of a cuticular cementing layer on the caryopsis surface. Differences in adhesion quality among genotypes have previously been correlated with cementing layer composition, which is thought to influence caryopsis cuticle permeability, the hypothesised mechanism of adhesion mediation. It is not yet known whether differences in adhesion quality among genotypes are determined by changes in caryopsis cuticle permeability. We examined changes in candidate cementing layer biosynthetic and regulatory genes to investigate the genetic mechanisms behind husk adhesion quality. We used both commercially relevant UK malting cultivars and older European lines to ensure phenotypic diversity in adhesion quality. An ethylene responsive transcription factor (NUD) is required for the development of the cementing layer. To examine correlations between gene expression, cementing layer permeability and husk adhesion quality we also treated cultivars with ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) which breaks down to ethylene, and silver thiosulphate which inhibits ethylene reception, and measured caryopsis cuticle permeability. Differential adhesion qualifies among genotypes are not determined by NUD expression during development of the cementing material alone, but could result from differences in biosynthetic gene expression during cementing layer development in response to longer-term NUD expression patterns. Altered caryopsis cuticle permeability does result in altered adhesion quality, but the correlation is not consistently positive or negative. Cuticle permeability is therefore not the mechanism that determines husk adhesion quality, but is likely a consequence of the required cuticular compositional changes that determine adhesion.

}, author = {M. BRENNAN and L. PATERSON and A.A.A. BAHARUDIN and M. STANISZ-MIGAL and P.N. HOEBE} } @article {1797, title = { Reactions of Soy Flour and Soy Protein by Non-Volatile Aldehydes Generation by Specific Oxidation }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Soy protein isolate (SPI) and insoluble soy flour polymeric carbohydrates have been reacted with sodium periodate for the specific oxidation of vicinal -OH groups to investigate the reactions involved in this approach to soy flour adhesives. The reactions have been shown to generate carbohydrate oligomer fractions presenting one, two or multiple aldehyde groups. With the exception of the small molecular weight heptanedial, the smaller molecular weight aldehydes generated from mono- and disaccharides by the same reaction do not appear to form from the insoluble soy flour carbohydrates, or have already reacted. The reaction of periodate with soy protein isolate has been shown to generate some aldehydes too. When the mix of SPI and soy insoluble carbohydrates is treated with periodate, the majority of the observed aldehyde carrying species appear to be higher molecular weight carbohydrate oligomer fractions.

}, author = {C.R. FRIHART and A. PIZZI and X.D. XI and L.E. LORENZ} } @article {1778, title = { Reinforced lignin-phenol-glyoxal (LPG) wood adhesives from coconut husk }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {141}, year = {2019}, pages = {185-196}, abstract = {

Lignin was extracted from coconut husk via alkaline pulping, either Kraft or soda. The isolated lignin samples were classified as hydroxy-benzaldehyde, vanillin, and syringaldehyde type according to Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy, H-1 and C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra. Soda lignin (SL) showed higher thermal stability and glass transition temperature (T-g) than Kraft lignin (KL) as proven by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The soda-lignin-phenol-glyoxal (SLPG) resins with the optimum percentage of lignin substitution at 30\% showed improved solid content and gel time in comparison to 30\% of Kraft-lignin-phenol-glyoxal (KLPG) and phenol-glyoxal (PG) resin. The good mechanical properties in SLPG is due to the higher amount of molecular weight as well as higher phenolic and G-type unit in lignin that improve the properties of 30\% SLPG adhesive. Moreover, the addition of layered double hydroxides (LDH) as reinforced filler up to 15\%-30\% SLPG adhesive blend shows a great performance (especially mechanical properties) as compared to 30\% SLPG adhesive alone.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289744}, author = {N.A. AZIZ and A.F.A. LATIP and L.C. PENG and N.H. ABD-LATIF and N. BROSSE and R. HASHIM and M.H. HUSSIN} } @article {1827, title = { REMOVAL OF COPPER IN SYNTHETIC AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY SORPTION ON ALMOND SKIN: KINETIC AND EQUILIBRIUM STUDY }, journal = { CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING }, volume = {97}, year = {2019}, pages = {755-761}, author = {M. BOUMEDIENE and H. BENA{\"I}SSA and B. GEORGE and S. MOLINA and A. MERLIN} } @article {1795, title = { Robust and durable bonding performance of bamboo induced by high voltage electrostatic field treatment }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {137}, year = {2019}, pages = {149-156}, abstract = {

To enhance the bonding performance of bamboo, the high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) treatment was used for flattened moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens). Three bonding types including bamboo skin-bamboo skin (BS-BS), bamboo skin-bamboo pith (BS-BP) and bamboo pith-bamboo pith (BP-BP) were tested. Surface characteristics of HVEF-treated bamboo composites were analyzed by the electron spin resonance (ESR), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence microscopy and vertical density profile (VDP). Mechanical properties, including bonding strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and boiling peeling rate of treated-bamboo composites were tested as well. The results of ESR, XPS and FTIR showed that significantly increased free radicals, broken chemical bonds and oxygen-containing groups (-OH, C=O and C-O) were obtained. These variations were attributed to the fact that triggered electrons were able to break oxygen and water molecules in the atmosphere under HVEF treatment and more broken chemical bonds (oxygen atoms and ions) appeared and reacted with bamboo surface. Higher change ratios involved in BS compared with BP were due to higher components of cellulose and lignin. HVEF treatment induced a significant decrease on adhesive penetration depth and an increment on density at bonding interphase. The highest decrease of adhesive penetration depth and increment of density at bamboo interphase were obtained in BS-BS while the least was BP-BP. All the bonding performance significantly enhanced after HVEF-treatment. The most robust and durable bonding performances were obtained in BS-BS type, and BP-BP showed the most increment extents of bamboo failure ratio. Results of this study revealed that: HVEF treatment was an effective approach for enhancing bonding properties of both bamboo skin and pith.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289743}, author = {Q. HE and T.Y. ZHAN and H.Y. ZHANG and Z.H. JU and L. HONG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1804, title = { Second law analysis of MHD mixed convection heat transfer in a vented irregular cavity filled with Ag-MgO/water hybrid nanofluid }, journal = { JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY }, volume = {137}, year = {2019}, pages = {1113-1132}, abstract = {

The present paper investigates numerically the effect of an external magnetic field on heat transfer and entropy generation of Ag-MgO (50:50vol\%)/water hybrid nanofluid flow in a partially heated irregular ventilated cavity. A finite-volume FORTRAN code has been written to solve the governing partial differential equations. New empirical correlations specifically dedicated to predict the dynamic viscosity and the thermal conductivity of the considered hybrid nanofluid were employed. After validation of model, the analysis has been done for a wide range of Reynolds number (10?Re?600), Hartmann number (0?Ha?80) and total nanoparticle volume fraction (0?phi?0.02). The results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms and isentropic lines as well as the average Nusselt number (Nu(m)), the average entropy generation (S-gen,(m)) and the Bejan number (Be-avg). The criterion =S-gen,(m)/Nu(m) is adopted to discuss the thermal performances of the system. The results reveal that the intensification of the magnetic field tends to attenuate the heat transfer convection and to reduce the thickness of the thermal boundary layer, close to the active walls. Globally, adding nanoparticles to the base fluid improves the heat transfer but increases the total entropy generation.

}, author = {M. BENZEMA and Y.K. BENKAHLA and N. LABSI and S.E. OUYAHIA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1830, title = { Some Insights on Unsteady Double Diffusive Natural Convection of Porous Medium in Vertical Open-Ended Cylinder }, journal = { ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING }, volume = {44}, year = {2019}, pages = {1379-1392}, abstract = {

The work presented in this paper deals with combined heat and mass transfer by natural convection in porous media. The aim is to investigate numerically the effect of control parameters on the flow behavior as well as the enhancement of heat transfer in vertical porous enclosure. The side wall temperature is periodic function of time which is the case in several physical problems. The Darcy\&$\#$39;s flow model coupled with the energy and mass equations is considered. The numerical results show that the flow\&$\#$39;s behavior is strongly dependent on the buoyancy ratio values. Three types of flows take place: chimney, reversal and top aspiration flow. Further, the effect of buoyancy ratio (N) at which the different flow types occur is significantly influenced by the values of control parameters. The relative heat transfer enhancement between constant and periodical wall temperature is profoundly affected by thermal Rayleigh number (Ra), buoyancy ratio and dimensionless amplitude (XA). In the case of opposing double diffusive flow, the relative difference becomes to the favor of the stationary case for high Ra and XA.

}, author = {N. HIMRANE and D.E. AMEZIANI and M. EL-GANAOUI and H. RAGUEB} } @article {1777, title = { Soy protein isolate-based polyamides as wood adhesives }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {54}, year = {2019}, pages = {89-102}, abstract = {

Soy protein isolate was reacted first with maleic anhydride and then hexamethylenediamine to synthesis soy protein isolate-based polyamides (SPIPA). Its bonding properties were measured by preparing laboratory three-layer plywood. Furthermore, a silane coupling agent (KH560), citric acid and maleic anhydride were added as cross-linkers to the SPIPA glue mix before hot pressing the panels. ATR FT-MIR and MALDI-ToF were used to determine the structures of the SPIPA, and thermomechanical analysis was used to analyze its thermomechanical properties. The results show that maleic anhydride reacts with amino acids in the soy protein molecule and then reacts with hexamethylenediamine to form carbamate-structured polyamides. This is confirmed by the ATR FT-MIR and MALDI-ToF results. Moreover, structural analysis indicates that a large number of branched structures are formed and occur in the SPIPA, rendering possible the formation of a network during curing, ensuring the bonding performance of the adhesive. The SPIPA adhesive presented good bonding strength and water resistance above the standard requirements of China National Standard GB/T 9846-2015. In particular, when maleic anhydride was added as a cross-linking agent, namely the SPIPA-MA adhesive, the panels\&$\#$39; dry and wet shear strengths were improved so that it can be considered as a suitable soy protein-based wood adhesive.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and X.Y. CHEN and S. AMIROU} } @article {1821, title = { Specific weight of barley grains is determined by traits affecting packing efficiency and by grain density }, journal = { JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE }, volume = {99}, year = {2019}, pages = {2548-2555}, abstract = {

Specific weight influences the market value of barley grain, and in malting barley a high specific weight is thought to result in an increased malt output. However, links between specific weight and malt output have not yet been established. We hypothesised that packing efficiency and grain density will each contribute to specific weight. These traits would have implications for the malting process, highlighting the need for understanding what grain traits contribute to specific weight, before we can predict its effect on malting performance and efficiency. RESULTS We report that specific weight is a product of grain density and packing efficiency, in our study proportionally contributing 48.5\% and 36.5\% to variation in specific weight, respectively. We report that packing efficiency is determined by grain dimensions, and is negatively correlated with the sum of grain length and depth. Therefore shorter, thinner grains can result in an increased specific weight, which is likely to be detrimental for malting performance. We also demonstrate that among cultivars which have grains with contrasting size traits, the same specific weight can be achieved through differing grain densities. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that both grain dimensions and grain density must be considered jointly to optimise specific weight, and that the relationship between specific weight and malting performance and efficiency needs to be carefully considered with respect to how a high specific weight is achieved.

}, author = {A. HOYLE and M. BRENNAN and G. JACKSON and S. HOAD} } @article {1811, title = { The structural characterization and antioxidant properties of oil palm fronds lignin incorporated with p-hydroxyacetophenone }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {130}, year = {2019}, pages = {947-957}, abstract = {

This study reports on the effects of unmodified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin (AH EOL) and modified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin on the structural characteristics and antioxidant properties upon incorporation of p-hydroxyacetophenone (AHP EOL). The lignin samples isolated from black liquor of oil palm fronds (OPF) were evaluated and compared using various complementary analyses; FTIR, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, 2D-NMR spectroscopy (FIMBC and HSQC), CHN, GPC, HPLC and thermal analyses (TGA and DSC). Chemically modified organosolv lignin (AHP EOL) provided lignin with lower molecular weight (M-W), which has smaller fragments that leads to higher solubility rate in water in comparison to unmodified organosolv lignin, AH EOL (D-AHP EOL: 19.8\% \> D-AH EOL: 14.0\%). It was evident that the antioxidant properties of modified organosolv lignin has better reducing power in comparison to the unmodified organosolv lignin. Therefore, the functionalization of lignin polymers enhanced their antioxidant properties and structural features towards a various alternative approach in lignin-based applications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02296950}, author = {N.H. ABD-LATIF and A.A. RAHIM and N. BROSSE and M.H. HUSSIN} } @article {1831, title = { Structural response of cement-bonded wood composite panels as permanent formwork }, journal = { COMPOSITE STRUCTURES }, volume = {209}, year = {2019}, pages = {13-22}, abstract = {

Bio-sourced materials combined with a cementitious matrix offer an interesting alternative to traditional construction materials. To contribute to their wider acceptance by the sustainable construction market, an investigation into the use of wood-cement composite panels as stay-in-place or permanent formwork is presented. As individual panels, the mechanical performance was evaluated through three point bending tests. But, as part of the formwork system, their overall structural performance was evaluated through finite element simulation under the action of lateral pressure exerted by the concrete in a liquid state. The Concrete Damage Plasticity Model (CPDM) available in the Abaqus code is adapted and used to model the mechanical behaviour of the wood-cement composite. The obtained results show wood-cement composite panels offer a promising alternative for the development of a lightweight permanent formwork system, that can contribute to the thermal and acoustic comfort of green buildings.

}, author = {M. LI and M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1796, title = { Superhydrophobic and Superoleophilic Fiber from Waste Bamboo Processing Residues for Oil/water Selective Separation }, journal = { JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {40}, year = {2019}, pages = {58-72}, abstract = {

Biomass materials have attracted increasing attention as oil absorbents for oil/water separation duo to their renewability, biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, many separation materials preparations are either rather time consuming or have suffered from the need of harsh conditions. In the present study, bamboo fiber was successfully modified to acquire simultaneously super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic properties by just two steps: delignification and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The morphology and properties of MTMS-bamboo fiber were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XPS and the oil/water contact angles. Moreover, the durability, recyclability and the practical application of selective separation were studied. The analysis results disclosed that the special surface wetting properties of MTMS-bamboo fiber resulted from the silanization of the bamboo fiber surface, notably, from its water contact angle being 153 degrees and oil contact angle 0 degrees. The fiber so prepared exhibited excellent durability in several kinds of chemical solutions. The absorbed oil can be recovered by simple mechanical squeezing and the bamboo fiber maintained a high oil absorption capacity after multiple squeezing-absorption cycles. The modified fiber acted as an absorbent for hot water oil/water separation and demonstrated also a high oil separation capacity. The continuous separation efficiency of the MTMS-bamboo fiber was investigated.

}, author = {X.Y. CHEN and G.B. DU and A. PIZZI and X. XI} } @article {1815, title = { SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIGNIN-BASED ADHESIVE CROSS-LINKED WITH FURFURYL ALCOHOL-FORMALDEHYDE AND EPOXY RESINS }, journal = { CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {53}, year = {2019}, pages = {449-458}, abstract = {

Lignin extracted from corn stalk was cross-linked with furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde (FF) resin in the laboratory to prepare a bio-based adhesive, with good water resistance, for producing particleboard. The results of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated that furfuryl alcohol reacted with formaldehyde under acidic conditions. The -CH-(OH)- groups were involved in the cross-linking of the lignin-furfuryl-formaldehyde (LFF) adhesive. The internal bond strength of the LFF-bonded particleboard showed that the cured LFF was improved and had higher performance compared to the lignin-furfuryl alcohol (LF) adhesive. The LFF with 9\% epoxy resin adhesive had an excellent modulus of elasticity, which was higher than those of PF and LF adhesives.

}, author = {J. ZHANG and X.D. XI and X.J. ZHOU and J.K. LIANG and G.B. DU and J. CAI} } @article {1792, title = { Tannin Gels and Their Carbon Derivatives: A Review }, journal = { BIOMOLECULES }, volume = {9}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Tannins are one of the most natural, non-toxic, and highly reactive aromatic biomolecules classified as polyphenols. The reactive phenolic compounds present in their chemical structure can be an alternative precursor for the preparation of several polymeric materials for applications in distinct industries: adhesives and coatings, leather tanning, wood protection, wine manufacture, animal feed industries, and recently also in the production of new porous materials (i.e., foams and gels). Among these new polymeric materials synthesized with tannins, organic and carbon gels have shown remarkable textural and physicochemical properties. Thus, this review presents and discusses the available studies on organic and carbon gels produced from tannin feedstock and how their properties are related to the different operating conditions, hence causing their cross-linking reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the steps during tannin gels preparation, such as the gelation and curing processes (under normal or hydrothermal conditions), solvent extraction, and gel drying approaches (i.e., supercritical, subcritical, and freeze-drying) as well as the methods available for their carbonization (i.e., pyrolysis and activation) are presented and discussed. Findings from organic and carbon tannin gels features demonstrate that their physicochemical and textural properties can vary greatly depending on the synthesis parameters, drying conditions, and carbonization methods. Research is still ongoing on the improvement of tannin gels synthesis and properties, but the review evaluates the application of these highly porous materials in multidisciplinary areas of science and engineering, including thermal insulation, contaminant sorption in drinking water and wastewater, and electrochemistry. Finally, the substitution of phenolic materials (i.e., phenol and resorcinol) by tannin in the production of gels could be beneficial to both the bioeconomy and the environment due to its low-cost, bio-based, non-toxic, and non-carcinogenic characteristics.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02346433}, author = {F.L. BRAGHIROLI and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A.F.N. BOSS and C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI} } @article {1793, title = { Tannin-based adhesive cross-linked by furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal and epoxy resins }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {94}, year = {2019}, pages = {47-52}, abstract = {

To prepare a natural tannin-based adhesive with good water resistance, an environment friendly furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal resin (FG) synthesized in the laboratory was developed as a cross-linker for tannin-based adhesives. C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy results indicated that furfuryl alcohol and glyoxal reacted under acidic conditions and that the -CH-(OH)- groups could be shown to be the ones involved in the cross-linking of the tannin-furfuryl-glyoxal adhesive (TFG). The results for the wet shear strength of TFG-bonded plywood showed that the cured TFG was improved and better than that bonded with a tannin-furfuryl alcohol (TF) adhesive. Moreover, the TFG adhesive cross-linked with 12\% epoxy resin (EPR) presented a good water resistance. It had a modulus of elasticity (MOE) higher than that of tannin-furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde (TFF), TF and phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesives.

}, author = {J. ZHANG and X.D. XI and J.K. LIANG and A. PIZZI and G.B. DU and S.D. DENG} } @article {1816, title = { Tannin-Based Biofoams-A Review }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {7}, year = {2019}, pages = {477-492}, abstract = {

This review details the development of tannin-based biofoams for fire resistance and acoustic insulation and details the different varieties of these foams that have been developed, from tannin-furanic self-blowing foams to tannin-furanic polyurethanes and finally non-isocyanate tannin-based-carbohydrates polyurethanes (NIPU).

}, author = {A. PIZZI} } @article {1802, title = { Tannins: Prospectives and Actual Industrial Applications }, journal = {BIOMOLECULES}, volume = {9}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

The origin of tannins, their historical evolution, their different types, and their applications are described. Old and established applications are described, as well as the future applications which are being developed at present and that promise to have an industrial impact in the future. The chemistry of some of these applications is discussed where it is essential to understand the tannins and their derivates role. The essential points of each application, their drawbacks, and their chance of industrial application are briefly discussed. The article presents historical applications of tannins, such as leather, or traditional medicine, and more recent applications.

}, author = {A. PIZZI} } @article {1822, title = { Thermal building control using active ventilated block integrating phase change material }, journal = { ENERGY AND BUILDINGS }, volume = {187}, year = {2019}, pages = {50-63}, abstract = {

In the context of improving energy efficiency and thermal comfort in the building, the use of phase change materials (PCMs) is one of the suggested solutions. The proposed integration solutions concern the building envelope as well as the applications related to its operation. The study of the incorporation of PCM in the walls of the building was the subject of numerous works. However, the antisymmetric character of storing/recovering energy management in the walls is less controlled and do not fit the optimal conditions. In this study, a solution based on the direct integration of a stabilized PCM (gel) in an envelope including ventilation channels, was proposed to overcome this problem of antisymmetry storing/recovering and fitting with different fixed ambient conditions. The final aim is to develop the optimization strategy of a wall combining the heavy inertia offered by the PCM, intra-ventilation control and the contribution to air renewal energy demand.

In this context, an experimental study of a concrete block system is conducted to test the thermal response of this configuration by the application of cyclic solicitations. The comprehension of this integrated constructive solution essentially passes by the possession of validated numerical tools. For this, two models have been developed. The first model using the electrical-thermal analogy, based on an RC equivalence, is distinguished by its relative simplicity and weak time computing demand. Each of these two factors, R and C summarise the system properties and has a direct influence on the building transient simulations over a year. The second one is based on direct numerical simulation DNS of the energy and fluid flow equations using commercial code COMSOL Multiphysics. Such DNS is time consuming and could not be used to simulate over a year but aims only to validate the first RC circuit approach. A comparison of these two models with the idealised experimental data was carried out and allowed the validation of the thermal behaviour of the solution based on the integration of the PCM with core ventilation.

}, author = {A. LAAOUATNI and N. MARTAJ and R. BENNACER and M. LACHI and M. EL-OMARI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1810, title = { Use of Raman microspectroscopy to predict malting barley husk adhesion quality }, journal = { PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY }, volume = {139}, year = {2019}, pages = {587-590}, abstract = {

Good quality husk-caryopsis adhesion is essential for malting barley, but that quality is influenced by caryopsis surface lipid composition. Raman spectroscopy was applied to lipid extracts from barley caryopses of cultivars with differential adhesion qualities. Principal component regression indicated that Raman spectroscopy can distinguish among cultivars with good and poor quality adhesion due to differences in compounds associated with adhesion quality.

}, author = {M. BRENNAN and A. MCDONALD and C.F.E. TOPP} } @article {1839, title = { Water resistance improvement by polyethyleneimine of tannin-furfuryl alcohol adhesives }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL WOOD PRODUCTS JOURNAL }, volume = {10}, year = {2019}, pages = {16-21}, abstract = {

In this research furfuryl alcohol (FA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) in different ratio were added to a tannin based adhesive in order to improve its moisture resistance. In order to characterize the functional groups involved, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the thermal behaviour of the formulations. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the reaction of quebracho tannin with FA and PEI. The results of the TGA showed that the added FA and PEI increased the resistance to thermal degradation. DSC analysis showed that the added FA and PEI reduced the heat absorption peak. According to the tensile shear strength of the formulations, the adhesive formulation T-1 F-0.75 P-20 (mixing proportion: Tannin 1, FA 0.75, PEI 20\%) was able to satisfy the standards requirements (BS 1204-2) as a moisture resistant adhesive. Furthermore, this formulation presented the best tensile shear tests results and the least number of delaminated samples.

}, author = {Y. SHIRMOHAMMADLI and P. MORADPOUR and A. ABDULKHANI and D. EFHAMISISI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1817, title = { Wheat protein hydrolysates-resorcinol-aldehydes as potential cold setting adhesives }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {77}, year = {2019}, pages = {453-463}, abstract = {

Environmental concerns about natural adhesive materials are leading to an increasing interest towards the development of ecological products. The development of new value-added uses for wheat proteins led us to develop protein-based wood adhesives. Different protein cold-setting resins were formulated by reacting the protein hydrolysates with different aldehydes (formaldehyde, glyoxal and glutaraldehyde). Wood bonded with cold-setting protein adhesive with different aldehydes met the requirements for interior and exterior conditions, and the characterization was similar to those of conventional PRF (phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde) adhesives. As the results indicate, both glyoxal and glutaraldehyde are able to react with wheat protein hydrolysates and are viable alternatives to formaldehyde and prospectively seem more environmentally friendly. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) analysis allowed the identification of the main oligomer species obtained. The analysis showed that resin prepared with glutaraldehyde is not a simple mix of resorcinol-glutaraldehyde oligomers and amino acid, but a much more complex combination of various species including amino acid-glutaraldehyde and amino acid-resorcinol oligomers.

}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and X.D. XI} } @article {1734, title = { Acetyl Groups in Typha capensis: Fate of Acetates during Organosolv and Ionosolv Pulping }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

During biomass fractionation, any native acetylation of lignin and heteropolysaccharide may affect the process and the resulting lignin structure. In this study, Typha capensis (TC) and its lignin isolated by milling (MWL), ionosolv (ILL) and organosolv (EOL) methods were investigated for acetyl group content using FT-Raman, H-1 NMR, 2D-NMR, back-titration, and Zemplen transesterification analytical methods. The study revealed that TC is a highly acetylated grass; extractive free TC (TCextr) and TC MWL exhibited similar values of acetyl content: 6 wt \% and 8 wt \% by Zemplen transesterification, respectively, and 11 wt \% by back-titration. In contrast, lignin extracted from organosolv and [EMIm][OAc] pulping lost 80\% of the original acetyl groups. With a high acetyl content in the natural state, TC could be an interesting raw material in biorefinery in which acetic acid could become an important by-product.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02297011}, author = {I.G. AUDU and N. BROSSE and H. WINTER and A. HOFFMANN and M. BREMER and S. FISCHER and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1754, title = { Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea }, journal = { ISME JOURNAL }, volume = {12}, year = {2018}, pages = {367-379}, abstract = {

Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor. The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp. However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers. Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages. During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp. The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples. When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose. We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface. We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.

}, author = {D. KALENITCHENKO and N. LE-BRIS and L. DADAGLIO and E. PERU and A. BESSERER and P.E. GALAND} } @article {1724, title = { Biochemical characterization of the skeletal matrix of the massive coral, Porites australiensis - The saccharide moieties and their localization }, journal = { JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY }, volume = {203}, year = {2018}, pages = {219-229}, abstract = {

To construct calcium carbonate skeletons of sophisticated architecture, scleractinian corals secrete an extra cellular skeletal organic matrix (SOM) from aboral ectodermal cells. The SOM, which is composed of proteins, saccharides, and lipids, performs functions critical for skeleton formation. Even though polysaccharides constitute the major component of the SOM, its contribution to coral skeleton formation is poorly understood. To this end, we analyzed the SOM of the massive colonial coral, Porites australiensis, the skeleton of which has drawn great research interest because it records environmental conditions throughout the life of the colony. The coral skeleton was extensively cleaned, decalcified with acetic acid, and organic fractions were separated based on solubility. These fractions were analyzed using various techniques, including SDS-PAGE, FT-IR, in vitro crystallization, CHNS analysis, chromatography analysis of monosaccharide and enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA). We confirmed the acidic nature of SOM and the presence of sulphate, which is thought to initiate CaCO3 crystallization. In order to analyze glycan structures, we performed ELLA on the soluble SOM for the first time and found that it exhibits strong specificity to Datura stramonium lectin (DSL). Furthermore, using biotinylated DSL with anti-biotin antibody conjugated to nanogold, in situ localization of DSL-binding polysaccharides in the P. australiensis skeleton was performed. Signals were distributed on the surfaces of fiber-like crystals of the skeleton, suggesting that polysaccharides may modulate crystal shape. Our study emphasizes the importance of sugar moieties in biomineralization of scleractinian corals.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02122753/}, author = {T. TAKEUCHI and L. PLASSERAUD and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and N. BROSSE and C. SHINZATO and N. SATOH and F. MARIN} } @inbook {1756, title = { Biosourced Thermosets for Lignocellulosic Composites }, booktitle = {THERMOSET COMPOSITES: PREPARATION, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS}, volume = {38}, number = {Materials Research Foundations}, year = {2018}, pages = {81-111}, abstract = {

Recent developments and trends in the field thermoset binders for thermoset lignocellulosic composites are reviewed. The more recent developments in tannin thermoset binders without the use of aldehyde-yielding compounds and Lignin binders are discussed. The combination of these for natural environment-friendly matrices for non-woven fibre mats is also briefly reviewed. Topical developments in protein-based binders, such as soy protein thermosets are addressed. New trends in carbohydrate thermosets as modifiers of existing composite binders, by forming furanic compounds then used as building blocks are addressed as well. Epoxidized unsaturated vegetable oil thermoset binders for lignocellulosic composites are described and an example of cashew nut shell oil modified by ozonolysis to yield thermoset resins by self-condensation is explored.

}, author = {A. PIZZI} } @article {1747, title = { Chemical composition of African mahogany (K. ivorensis A. Chev) extractive and tannin structures of the bark by MALDI-TOF }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {113}, year = {2018}, pages = {167-178}, abstract = {

The total phenolic and the condensed tannins content of the bark, the sapwood and the heartwood of Khaya ivorensis (K. ivorensis) from the natural forest of Gabon was investigated by Folin-Ciocalteu, vanillic assay and acid/butanol methods All these methods showed that the bark, the sapwood and the heartwood of K. ivorensis did not display a significant difference (p \> 0.05) regarding their phenolic content and their condensed tannins content as well. The acetone/water extracted tannins from the bark were characterized by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and by Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR). The presence of fisetinidin, gallocatechin, and trihydroxyflavan monomers was observed for the first time. Flavonoid oligomers linked to sugars were found within K. ivorensis condensed tannins. An heptamer formed by mixed fisetinidin, trihydroxyflavan, three dihydroxyflavans, and a carbohydrate dimer including mannose was also identified for the first time in the bark of K. ivorensis. That mahogany hardwood species did not exhibit any antifungal activity against the white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor. However, bark powder decreased the radial fungus growth.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01710611}, author = {A.B.B. ATHOMO and S.P.E. ANRIS and R. SAFOU-TCHIAMA and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and T. CABARET and A. PIZZI and B. CHARRIER} } @article {1761, title = { A comparison between the influence of nanoclay and isocyanate on urea-glyoxal resins }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL WOOD PRODUCTS JOURNAL }, volume = {9}, year = {2018}, pages = {9-14}, abstract = {

The effects of pMDI and nanoclay on physical and mechanical properties of particleboards bonded with a urea-glyoxal (UG) resin were compared. pMDI (4, 6 and 8\%) and nanoclay (1, 2 and 3\%) were added to the synthesised UG resin. The properties of the resins prepared as well as of the particleboard panels bonded with them were then measured. The gel time shortened and the viscosity increased by addition of both pMDI and nanoclay into a UG resin. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed that the addition of pMDI decreased the onset, curing and peak temperatures of the UG resin. Nanoclay instead, only decreased the peak temperature of the UG resin. The particleboards bonded with UG resins/isocyanate yielded lower water absorption and percentage thickness swelling when compared to those bonded with the UG resin/nanoclay and the control UG resins. The mechanical properties of the particleboards bonded with UG resins could be significantly improved by the addition of increasing percentages of nanoclay and pMDI. The panels where pMDI was added to the UG resin presented higher flexural modulus, flexural strength and IB strength compared to those bonded with UG resins containing nanoclay.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1746, title = { Comparison of teak wood properties according to forest management: short versus long rotation }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {75}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

Key message Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is one of the most important tropical hardwood tree species, which is widely planted in Indonesia. Wood properties are strongly influenced by forest management conditioning further utilization of wood.

Context In Indonesia, teak wood has been supplied from the state forests (Perhutani) for long rotation teak and from community teak plantations for short rotation teak. Short rotation teak has been harvested at 7-10 years and long rotation teak at 40-60 years.

Aims This paper discusses the characterization of technical properties of short and long rotation teak wood based on the chemical, anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties.

Methods The properties of short rotation and long rotation teak woods were characterized by measuring their density, extractive contents, chemical composition, swelling, wettability, water sorption isotherm, decay resistance, anatomical properties, bending strength (modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE)), and hardness.

Results The results indicate that short rotation teak was not particularly different in swelling, MOE and MOR, and Brinell hardness compared to long rotation teak, although it was less dense and less durable due to lower heartwood and extractive contents. Therefore, careful attention should be given to the use of short rotation teak in some wood-processing technologies.

Conclusion Lower wood density and durability of the short rotation compared to the long rotation teak will restrict its utilization to some extent for both indoor and outdoor applications. Fast-growing teak from community cannot be used as usual heartwood teak from Perhutani because of the very low proportion of useful heartwood in the stem.

}, author = {D.E. RIZANTI and W. DARMAWAN and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN and S. DUMARCAY and H. CHAPUIS and C. GERARDIN and E. GELHAYE and P. RAHARIVELOMANANA and R.K. SARI and W. SYAFII and R. MOHAMED and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1709, title = { Comparison of the properties of urea-formaldehyde resins by the use of formalin or urea formaldehyde condensates }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {32}, year = {2018}, pages = {2537-2551}, abstract = {

In industry, formalin and urea formaldehyde condensates (UFC) are used for the preparation of urea-formaldehyde adhesives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of a UF resin prepared with formalin (42\% concentration) and two kinds of UFC with various urea content (F/U similar to 5 and 4.3 malar ratio). The resins were prepared with final molar ratio F/U = 1.1. The UF resin with formalin showed better mechanical properties than those with UFC. The C-13 NMR and FT-IR results indicated that methylene, methylene ether and urons groups in a UF resin prepared with formalin were present in higher proportion than observed in industrial UF resins. The DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) results showed that the curing temperature of a UF resin prepared with formalin is lower than that of a UF resin prepared with UFC. The mechanical properties of MDFs prepared with the three types of adhesives showed that MDFs bonded with a UF prepared with formalin yields a better mechanical properties than MDFs prepared with a UF resin based on UFC. Moreover, resin synthesized with UFC (F/U = 5) result in higher IBS (internal bond strength) MOR (modulus of rupture), MOE (modulus of elasticity), TS (thickness swelling) and formaldehyde emission (FE) than resin synthesized with UFC (F/U = 4.3). The MDF bonded with the UF2 resin presented poor results, with the highest TS and the lowest IBS, MOE, MOR and FE.

}, author = {A. DORIEH and N. MAHMOODI and M. MAMAGHANI and A. PIZZI and M.M. ZEYDI} } @article {1710, title = { Computational Simulation of Entropy Generation in a Combustion Chamber Using a Single Burner }, journal = {ENTROPY}, volume = {20}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

In this study, we examine the behavior of a propane diffusion flame with air in a burner; the computational investigations are achieved for each case employing the Fluent package. The graphs generated illustrate the influence of flow parameters, the effects of the oxygen percentage in the air, and the effects of the equivalence ratio phi on the entropy generation, the temperature gradients, and the Bejan number. The obtained results show that incorporation of hydrogen with propane reduced both temperature and carbon monoxide emission.

}, author = {S. MORSLI and A. SABEUR and M. EL-GANAOUI and H. RAMENAH} } @article {1744, title = { Confinement device to assess dynamic crushability of wood material }, journal = { PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART C-JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE }, volume = {232}, year = {2018}, pages = {1418-1432}, abstract = {

Cellular materials such as wood are widely and advantageously used as shock absorbers in various transport applications. The design and manufacturing of structures made of these materials require the knowledge of their dynamic compressive properties at various strain rates and stress states. Therefore, it is challenging to conduct dynamic multiaxial stress state experiments and especially on split-Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus where stress hardening increases as a function of velocity. This paper presents the so-called verification and validation methodology for confining solutions dedicated to impact on viscoelastic split-Hopkinson pressure bar system with large diameter bars. The method is a hybrid approach combining finite element analysis and an original experimental validation. Based on finite element results, particular attention is given to the mass, the material and the geometry to minimize the confining device influence on the propagation of elastic waves and thus on the material response of the tested specimens. It is essential to avoid spurious reflected waves at the new interfaces of the system in order to ensure the validity of the experimentation. The numerically predicted solutions are experimentally validated and preliminary results in the context of dynamic loadings using wood material are presented.

}, author = {J. WOUTS and G. HAUGOU and M. OUDJENE and H. NACEUR and D. COUTELLIER} } @article {1730, title = { A constitutive numerical modelling of hybrid-based timber beams with partial composite action }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {178}, year = {2018}, pages = {462-472}, abstract = {

This work focuses on the development of a three dimensional constitutive model for timber to simulate the flexural behaviour of hybrid timber-steel and timber-concrete beams. This is motivated by the lack of dedicated non linear material behaviour laws for timber in the commercial finite element software by compared to the conventional materials such as concrete and steel.

The flexural behaviour of hybrid timber beams is very complex because of the combination of the two different material behaviours and their nonlinar and partial compostion action. Numerical simulation of such behaviour requires an accurate description of the nonlinear material behaviour, in particular that of timber because of its anisotropic nature. A realistic description of the material nonlinearities and of the composite action between the different materials could aid considerably in achieving acceptable predictions. An incremental approach based on the strong coupling between orthotropic elasticity, anisotropic plasticity with mixed nonlinear isotropic hardening and an isotropic damage is used. The developed constitutive model for timber is implemented in Abaqus code using an external subroutine. The 3D FE model is calibrated and validated through comparison with experimental data reported in literature. The model is able to predict the nonlinear structural response of hybrid beams in terms of load-midspan deflection, and provides an acceptable accuracy.

}, author = {T.T. TRAN and V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1770, title = { Coupling of an acoustic emissions system to a laboratory torrefaction reactor }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {129}, year = {2018}, pages = {29-36}, abstract = {

This article describes the use and characterization of an acoustic system coupled to a torrefaction reactor. The reactor, including phase shift and frequency, was characterized by applying both Lissajous/Hilbert and cross spectrum techniques. Optimum acoustic frequencies were identified and an exploratory torrefaction test combining frequencies and temperatures was performed. The results from dynamic solid yields, conversion rates and temperature profiles showed that acoustic fields may improve torrefaction treatment.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02397702}, author = {E.A. SILVEIRA and M.V.G. DE-MORAIS and P. ROUSSET and A. CALDEIRA-PIRES and A. PETRISSANS and L.G.O. GALVAO} } @article {1766, title = { Critical Links Governing Performance of Self-binding and Natural Binders for Hot-pressed Reconstituted Lignocellulosic Board without Added Formaldehyde: A Review }, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {13}, year = {2018}, pages = {2049-2115}, abstract = {

The production of fiberboard, particleboard, and related hot-pressed biomass products can convert small, relatively low-valued pieces of wood into valuable products. There is strong interest in being able to manufacture such products without the addition of formaldehyde, which is a health hazard during both production and use. This article reviews literature describing various challenges that need to be faced in order to achieve satisfactory bonding properties in hot-pressed bio-based board products without the addition of formaldehyde. Bonding mechanisms are examined in the form of a hypothesis, in which the strength development is represented by a chain with four links. Failure of a board is expected to occur at the weakest of these mechanistic links, which include mechanical contact, molecular-scale wetting and contact, various chemical-based linkages, and structural integrity. The most promising technologies for environmentally friendly production of hot-pressed board with use of lignocellulosic materials tend to be those that favor success in the development of at least three of the mechanistic links in the hypothetical chain.

}, author = {M.A. HUBBE and A. PIZZI and H.Y. ZHANG and R. HALIS} } @article {1755, title = { Design of high mechanical and thermal resistant composites using marine plant waste }, journal = { INDUSTRIA TEXTILA }, volume = {69}, year = {2018}, pages = {446-450}, abstract = {

We investigate the mechanical and thermal properties of a composite structure manufactured from polypropylene matrix reinforced with marine waste fibers. Posidonia oceanica. We show that this fiber largely available on Mediterranean coasts presents many advantages compared to other natural fibers conventionally used as reinforcement. In fact, Posidonia fiber is extracted easily with only mechanical action. Moreover, it enhances the mechanical properties of the whole composite without any need of compatibilizers due to its hydrophobicity. Finally, apart from the mechanical performances, we demonstrate that the incorporation of the fiber with high ratio does not degrade its thermal properties which are a specificity of thermally resistant fibers that could open a wide range of applications.

}, author = {S. ZANNEN and R. ZOUARI and M. BEN-HASSEN and L. JEANMICHEL and S. MOLINA} } @article {1729, title = { Destructive vs. non-destructive methods for the mechanical characterisation of tannin-based thermoset foams }, journal = { POLYMER TESTING }, volume = {69}, year = {2018}, pages = {332-339}, abstract = {

The mechanical properties of a broad range of thermoset foams based on tannin were investigated through destructive compression tests, either with or without rigid plates glued to the opposite faces of the samples, and through a rather new, non-destructive, quasi-static method. The main objective was to compare both techniques, as well as the effect of the presence of plates, and to discuss the relevance of each for properly characterising the materials. Gluing stiff plates to the samples was found to be a key point for the appropriate determination of the elastic modulus of brittle foams, whereas it did not affect that of elastic-plastic foams. In contrast, the compressive strength did not depend on the kind of test. The results obtained by destructive compression were then compared to those of the new non-destructive technique, proving that the latter was suitable for characterising elastic-plastic foams but not brittle foams. However, the new method allowed determining Poisson ratio and loss factor, which had never been measured so far for this kind of materials.

}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1771, title = { Determination of reaction rate parameters for the acid copper chromate fixation reactions on oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey) sapwood }, journal = { WOOD MATERIAL SCIENCE \& ENGINEERING }, volume = {13}, year = {2018}, pages = {1-6}, abstract = {

Acid copper chromate fixation reactions on oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey) sapwood were characterized by at least two distinguished reaction periods which differ in their kinetic behavior, particularly reaction rate. In this research, chemical rate equation parameters were studied in detail as a function of chromium fixation time. Theoretically, the kinetic data were distinguished between the adsorption and reduction reactions and consequently, the rate parameters were determined for each stage distinctly. The obtained results showed that at the investigated thermal range (25-33 degrees C), almost for every 3 degrees C increase in temperature the reaction duration has decreased 20.4 min for the first reaction period and 78 min for the second reaction period. Besides that, in all sample replications, up to 58.3\% of hydrogen ions function at the reduction reactions of the initial period, demonstrating that acidity (H+ ions) has a major effect on reaction rate constant. Accordingly, adsorption reactions of the hexavalent chromium at the starting point follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction. Different to the adsorption reaction the Cr-VI reduction reaction is exothermic with a measured exothermal energy of 48.2kJ/mol.

}, author = {M. SHEIKHOLESLAMI and A. PIZZI and A. MIRSHOKRAIE} } @article {1765, title = { AN ECO-FRIENDLY UREA-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN: PREPARATION STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES }, journal = { WOOD RESEARCH }, volume = {63}, year = {2018}, pages = {45-56}, abstract = {

The preparation, structures and properties of UF resin prepared with concentrated formaldehyde at a low molar ratio F/U=1.1 were studied in this paper. According to the results obtained from C-13-NMR, FT-IR and DMA, UF resin prepared with concentrated formaldehyde showed better mechanical properties and heat resistance and lower formaldehyde emission responsible for its high degree of polycondensation and crosslinking than that of UF prepared with common formaldehyde, but its stability was so bad due to its high content of ether bridges. However, it was stated that adding hydrolyzed soy protein to this UF resin at the first alkali preparation stage of \"alkali-acid-alkali\", its stability got improved due to the increase of methylene bridges, which was the key contribution to polycondensation.

}, author = {Z.G. WU and X.D. XI and L.P. YU and L. SU and H. LEI and G.B. DU and Z.W. YIN} } @article {1718, title = { Effect of aligned and misaligned ventilation opening affecting energy demand and air quality in buildings }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {83}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

This work focuses on a horizontally ventilated cavity filled with air, heated on one side wall and cooled on the floor surface. Therefore, this study has been carried out for a convective loop induced for a fixed Rayleigh number Ra= 10(6) and horizontal ventilation (moderate Reynolds number Re= 100) where the injection is either in cooperating or opposing to the convective loop. The study undertaken concerns different opening position in order to analyze the energy efficiency of such ventilation and the corresponding indoor air quality. The results obtained indicate that the natural convection and the forced flow (ventilation) play an important role in the flow structure and the mixing ability, the heat exchange (cooling need) and the temperature comfort. The optimum ventilating position is a compromise in order to minimize the cooling demand, keep the mixing ability and reduce the temperature heterogeneity.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02076687}, author = {S. MORSLI and H. RAMENAH and M. EL-GANAOUI and R. BENNACER} } @article {1750, title = { Effects of steam explosion on the characteristics of windmill palm fiber and its application to fiberboard }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, pages = {601-609}, abstract = {

Windmill palm fiber (WPF) obtained from the leaf sheath was treated by steam explosion under the pressure of 2.0 MPa for 120 s to modify and improve the properties of the panels manufactured with it. For comparison, an alkali treatment and acid treatment have also been used to treat WPF. Fiber analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and chemical composition analysis showed that after the steam explosion treatment: (1) the length, width and fine elements of the windmill palm fibrils were more influenced by the steam explosion treatment than by the other two treatments. (2) A great number of spinulose spherical silica bodies and waxy layers were observed on the surfaces of all the fibers except for the steam explosion treated windmill palm fiber (SEWPF) surfaces, and (3) the cellulose fraction correspondingly increased with the decrease of the hemicelluloses and lignin contents. Finally, the SEWPFs were used to produce fiberboards, and the modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bond (IB), water absorption (WA) and thickness swell (TS) of the fiberboards were measured. The results showed that the WA and TS of the fiberboards made of SEWPF decreased 22 and 32\%, respectively, in relation to those made of WPF, whereas the IB increased 46\%. It is suggested that steam explosion can be a feasible approach to modify WPF and expand its uses.

}, author = {H. LUO and H.Y. ZHANG and L. YUE and A. PIZZI and X.N. LU} } @article {1759, title = { EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION CONDITIONS ON THE RECOVERY OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF JUJUBE (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) LEAVES }, journal = { ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY DUNAREA DE JOS OF GALATI, FASCICLE VI-FOOD TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {96-108}, abstract = {

The optimum conditions for the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) of total phenolics and antioxidant activity from jujube leaves were studied. The effect of the solvent nature (acetone, methanol, ethanol and water), solvent concentration (25-100\%; v/v), ultrasound intensity (25-100\%), solid/solvent ratio (1/50-1/300; w/v) and extraction time (1-15 min) were also determined. The total phenolic content was used to determine the phenolic compounds. Ferric-reducing power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. All the ultrasound-assisted extraction parameters that were investigated had from a statistically point of view significant effects (p\<0.05) upon the phenolic compound extraction and antioxidant activity. The best extraction conditions were obtained by using methanol 60 \%, a sonication intensity of 75 \% with a solid/solvent ratio of 1/200(w/v), for 10 min. As such, the obtained values were 6.0g gallic acid equivalents/100g for total phenolic content, 3.886 g ascorbic acid equivalents/100g for free radical scavenging activity and 2.587 g ascorbic acid equivalents/100g for ferric reducing power. The phenolic content was positively correlated with the antioxidant activities.

}, author = {S. ZEMOURI-ALIOUI and H. LOUAILECHE and B. GEORGE} } @article {1726, title = { Energy Release Rate Measurement of Welded Bamboo Joints }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {450-456}, abstract = {

Double cantilever beam tests were used to measure the energy release rates of linear vibrational welded moso bamboo joints. The influence of the length of the preserved cracks, the different combinations of the inner and outer bamboo surfaces and the moisture content is studied herein. The experimental compliance method, which is based on linear elastic fracture mechanics and has been shown to be an ideal method, was used to analyze data with the power equation. The results show that the preserved initial crack length does not have a significant effect on the final measured energy release rate, while the moso bamboo combination does affect the properties dramatically. The welded moso bamboo joints with inner-inner surfaces have the highest energy release rate of 122 J/m(2). The average energy release of the outer-outer combination was only 102 J/m(2) . The expansion of the cracks also became easier when the moisture content of the welded joints was 18.5\% compared to 4.5\% and 10.1\%. So the moisture resistance of the welded joints should be duly improved.

}, author = {H.Y. ZHANG and Q. HE and X.N. LU and A. PIZZI and C.T. MEI and X.X. ZHAN} } @article {1721, title = { Fungal Glutathione Transferases as Tools to Explore the Chemical Diversity of Amazonian Wood Extractives }, journal = { ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY \& ENGINEERING }, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {13078-13085}, abstract = {

The natural durability of wood is linked to its chemical composition and in particular the presence of metabolites called extractives that often possess chemical reactivity. For dealing with these compounds, wood degraders have developed detoxification systems usually involving enzyme families. Among these enzymes, glutathione transferases (GSTs) are involved in the decrease of the reactivity of toxic compounds. In this study, the hypothesis that the detoxification systems of wood decaying fungi could be indicators of the chemical reactivity of wood extracts has been tested. This approach has been evaluated using 32 wood extracts coming from French Guiana species, testing their antimicrobial ability, antioxidative properties, and reactivity against six GSTs from the white rot Trametes versicolor. From the obtained data, a significant correlation between the antimicrobial and antioxidative properties of the tested wood extracts and GST interactions was established. In addition, the chemical analysis performed on one of the most reactive extracts (an acetonic extract of Bagassa guianensis) has demonstrated oxyresveratrol as a major constituent. We were able to cocrystallize one GST with this commercially interesting compound. Taken together, the presented data support the hypothesis that detoxifying enzymes could be used to identify the presence of molecules of industrial interest in wood extracts.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02492224}, author = {T. PERROT and M. SCHWARTZ and F. SAIAG and G. SALZET and S. DUMARCAY and F. FAVIER and P. GERARDIN and J.M. GIRARDET and R. SORMANI and M. MOREL-ROUHIER and N. AMUSANT and C. DIDIERJEAN and E. GELHAYE} } @article {1738, title = { The gripped-box model: A simple and robust formulation of sorption hysteresis for lignocellulosic materials }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {170}, year = {2018}, pages = {716-724}, abstract = {

A new formulation is proposed for describing the moisture sorption hysteresis in lignocellulosic products. This model introduces the concept of gripped-box. This concept allows complex experimental pathways to be fitted with only two adjustable parameters, including the closure of scanning loops without any pumping effect. The product history is embedded in a unique internal variable, which defined the actual window of interest. The formulation proposed in the present work can be easily implemented in existing computational softwares. Based on comprehensive experiments, the model parameters were defined for five lignocellulosic materials largely used in the building construction.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01829790}, author = {R. REMOND and G. ALMEIDA and P. PERRE} } @article {1713, title = { Heat treatment kinetics using three-stage approach for sustainable wood material production }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {124}, year = {2018}, pages = {563-571}, abstract = {

The purpose of this study is to develop a numerical tool to predict the mass loss of a wood board during heat treatment as a marker of the process advancement. Mass loss dynamics during the wood heat treatment is experimentally obtained using a specially conceived equipment. The investigation method is applied on large scale wood samples whose radial and transvers dimensions are close to the boards used in industry. A two-step reaction mechanism is adopted to describe the behavior of wood thermodegradation. Model parameters are obtained by fitting the experimental data according to a new approach developed in this study for their optimal determination. The originality of the implemented modelling strategy is the establishment of a three-stage approach based on the analysis of wood thermal sensitivity depending on the treatment temperature range. Model equations are solved numerically by the commercial package Matlab\&$\#$39; software. A good agreement is achieved between the numerical predictions and the experimental data. The developed model and established kinetics can be used for heat treatment process and reactor design in industry to produce wood materials for their applications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01962864}, author = {E.A. SILVEIRA and B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and M. CHAOUCH and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and W.H. CHEN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1725, title = { Hygroscopic behaviour of lignocellulosic materials: Dataset at oscillating relative humidity variations }, journal = { JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING }, volume = {19}, year = {2018}, pages = {320-333}, abstract = {

The objective of this work is to study the hygroscopic behaviour of lignocellulosic materials used in building insulation. Five lignocellulosic materials have been studied and compared: cellulose, flax-hemp wool, low fibreboard density (LDF), Norway spruce and wheat straw. Particular attention is paid to the history of changes in relative humidity (RH). The RH trajectories were chosen to meet two objectives: i) to precisely determine the envelope curves (full adsorption and full desorption in the absence of memory effect) and ii) to quantify the memory effect in the case of partial sorption cycles, likely to occur in these materials in use. The Hailwood-Horrobin model was used to describe the envelope curves and the effect of temperature on isotherms was also modelled. The difference in hygroscopic behaviour is explained by the differences in the chemical and structural composition of the materials studied. The parameters identified in this work provide very useful information to assess the sorption behaviour of lignocellulosic materials when in use in buildings.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01959242}, author = {G. ALMEIDA and R. REMOND and P. PERRE} } @article {1711, title = { Hygroscopic transformation of woody biomass torrefaction for carbon storage }, journal = { APPLIED ENERGY }, volume = {231}, year = {2018}, pages = {768-776}, abstract = {

Biochar is a potential medium for carbon storage, so its production and storage have been considered as is a crucial route to effectively achieve negative CO2 emissions. Meanwhile, torrefaction is a thermochemical conversion process for producing biochar. Biochar is featured by its hydrophobicity, which makes it different from its parent biomass with hygroscopicity and is conducive to material storage. To evaluate the hygroscopic transformation of biomass from torrefaction, two woody biomass materials of poplar (hardwood) and fir (softwood) are torrefied at temperatures of 200-230 degrees C, and the variations of color, equilibrium moisture content, and contact angle of raw and torrefied samples are examined. The results indicate that the total color difference of torrefied woods increases linearly with increasing mass loss. The hygroscopicity reduction extent in torrefied fir is higher than in torrefied poplar, and can be increased by up to 57.39\% at 230 degrees C. The tests of the contact angle suggest that the hygroscopicity of the raw woods is evidently exhibited, whereas the angles of the torrefied woods are in the range of 94-113, showing their hydrophobic surfaces (\> 90 degrees). The decarbonization, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation phenomena of the biomass during torrefaction are also analyzed. It is found that the three indexes can be correlated well by the total color difference and hygroscopicity reduction extent. A comprehensive study on the improvement of hydrophobicity of produced biochar has been performed, which clearly shows the potential of carbon storage and negative CO2 emissions by biochar.

}, author = {W.H. CHEN and B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and J.S. CHANG and A. PETRISSANS and X.T. BI and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1731, title = { Impact of the formulation of biosourced phenolic foams on their fire properties }, journal = { POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY }, volume = {153}, year = {2018}, pages = {1-14}, abstract = {

The fire retardance properties of rigid, biosourced phenolic foams derived from tannins, which are novel, environment-friendly thermal insulators, are essential before the latter can be applied to the building sector. In this work, tannin-based foams prepared from new formulations and using different foaming methods were investigated by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimetry, and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter (PCFC). It was found that the flammability strongly depends on the formulation, so that tannin foams perform very differently depending on the presence of surfactant and plasticiser and, more importantly, on their initial water content. Moreover, a good correlation was observed between TGA and PCFC results. Nevertheless, due to their highly resistant phenolic, crosslinked, polymer network, all materials released a quite low amount of hydrocarbon fuel during thermal decomposition, leading to low heat release rates and high ignition times, and thus providing very good fire retardance properties. Based on the above, the foam presenting the highest fire retardance was identified, confirming our conclusions about the role of the ingredients in the formulation.

}, url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02621928}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and J. SARAZIN and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and S. BOURBIGOT and A. CELZARD} } @article {1745, title = { Improvement of beech wood properties by in situ formation of polyesters of citric and tartaric acid in combination with glycerol }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {72}, year = {2018}, pages = {291-299}, abstract = {

Beech wood has been treated by impregnation followed by heating at various temperatures with solutions containing citric acid (CA) or tartaric acid (TA) alone or in combination with glycerol (G), i.e. with G+CA and G+TA. The resulting modified woods were tested in terms of resistance to leaching, durability and dimensional stability. These properties are improved as a function of heating temperature, which leads to higher levels of poly-esterification involving grafting onto wood simultaneously with thermal degradation of wood. Dimensional stability of all treated wood was increased, but glycerol does not have a positive effect with this regard. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy contributed to understanding the effects of the different treatments. In situ polymerization of G+TA at 140 degrees C increased the bending resistance, while G+CA polymerization does not compensate notably the mechanical weakness induced by thermal degradation of wood at higher temperatures. However, G+CA treatment is more efficient regarding leaching and decay resistance, than that with G+TA.

}, author = {C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and M.F. THEVENON and E. FREDON and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1772, title = { Improving soy-based adhesives for wood particleboard by tannins addition }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {52}, year = {2018}, pages = {261-279}, abstract = {

Two different types of commercial tannins, namely chestnut (a hydrolysable tannin) and mimosa (a condensed flavonoid tannin), were used with two different types of hardener, namely hexamine and glyoxal, to upgrade soy-based adhesives for bonding of wood particleboard. Different soy-based adhesive formulations were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and by thermomechanical analysis (TMA). The physical properties of different adhesive formulations such as viscosity, solid contents, acidity and density were also measured. One-layer laboratory particleboards bonded with the experimental adhesive formulations were prepared and tested. Based on the results obtained, tannins appear to decrease effectively soy-based adhesives\&$\#$39; viscosity. The TMA analysis showed that chestnut tannin extract appeared to react well with soy flour and to improve the soy flour adhesion properties. The TMA results also showed that both tannin types shorten the adhesives gel time and gel temperature. The DSC analysis also showed that tannin changes the thermal properties of soy-based adhesive and decreases both its glass transition temperature (Tg) and its denaturation temperature (Td). Moreover, particleboard bonded with tannin-modified adhesives showed internal bond strength results higher than particleboard bonded with unmodified soy adhesive. Thickness swelling and water absorption of the boards decreased when using tannins in soy-based adhesive formulations.

}, author = {S. GHAHRI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1740, title = { Improving the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards made from urea-glyoxal resin by addition of pMDI }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, pages = {871-876}, abstract = {

The effect of pMDI on physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards made from urea-glyoxal resin was investigated. The nontoxic and ecofriendly urea-glyoxal (UG) resin was synthesized under weak acid conditions, and its different properties were measured. Then, pMDI at various contents (4, 6 and 8\% on resin solids) was added to the UG resin prepared. The thermal and physicochemical properties of the resins prepared as well as their water absorption, flexural properties (flexural modulus and strength) and internal bond (IB) strength of the particleboard panels bonded with them were measured according to standard methods. According to the physicochemical results obtained, the addition of pMDI significantly accelerated the gel time and increased the viscosity and solids content of UG resins. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the addition of pMDI decreases the onset and curing temperatures of the UG resin. Physical analysis results of the panels indicated that the particleboards made from UG resins with isocyanate yielded lower water absorption when compared to those bonded with the control UG resins. Based on the findings of this research work, the mechanical properties of particleboard panels bonded with UG resins could be significantly enhanced by the addition of increasing percentages of pMDI. The panels having 8 wt\% pMDI exhibited the highest flexural modulus, flexural strength and IB strength value and the lowest water absorption among all the panels prepared.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1769, title = { Improving the properties of ionic liquid-treated lignin-urea-formaldehyde resins by a small addition of isocyanate for wood adhesive }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {94}, year = {2018}, pages = {406-419}, abstract = {

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of polymeric 4, 4 diphenyl methane diisocyanate (pMDI) on the physical and mechanical properties of plywood panels bonded with an ionic liquid (IL)-treated lignin-urea-formaldehyde resin. Soda lignin modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][OAc]) IL was added to a urea formaldehyde (UF) resin during resin synthesis to prepare a lignin-urea-formaldehyde (LUF) resin. pMDI at various contents (2, 4, and 6\% on resin solids) was then added to prepare a LUF resin. The thermal and physicochemical properties of the resins prepared as well as the water absorption, shear strength, and formaldehyde emission of the plywood panels bonded with them were measured according to standard methods. DSC analysis indicated that the addition of pMDI decreases the gel onset and curing temperatures of the LUF resin. According to the results obtained, the addition of pMDI significantly increased the viscosity and solid content and accelerated the gelation time of LUF resins. Based on the findings of this research, the addition of pMDI dramatically improves the performance of LUF resins as a new adhesive for wood-based panels. The LUF resins with isocyanate added yielded panels presenting lower formaldehyde emission and lower water absorption content when compared to those bonded with the control LUF resins. Greater dry and wet shear strength can be obtained by a small addition of pMDI to LUF resins.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI and A. MOHAMMADGHASEMIPOUR} } @article {1741, title = { Improving Water Resistance of Soy-Based Adhesive by Vegetable Tannin }, journal = { JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT }, volume = {26}, year = {2018}, pages = {1881-1890}, abstract = {

In this research tannic acid was used to prepare soy-based adhesives for making plywood and fiber board. The different resin formulations were analyzed by Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and its derivative as a function of temperature (DTG) and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that the addition of tannic acid to soy-based adhesive decreased soy-based adhesive viscosity and its pH. The DSC analysis showed that the denaturation temperature of soy-based adhesives decrease by adding tannic acid. The TGA and DTG curves showed that the thermal degradation of soy flour starts above 146 A degrees C. The FTIR spectroscopy results also showed that the soy flour amino acids appeared to react well with tannic acid. Furthermore, delamination and shear strength test results showed the good water resistance of plywood bonded with soy-based tannic acid-modified adhesive. The mechanical and physical properties such as MOR, MOE, IB, and water resistance of fiberboard were improved, by adding tannic acid to the soy-based adhesive.

}, author = {S. GHAHRI and B. MOHEBBY and A. PIZZI and A. MIRSHOKRAIE and H.R. MANSOURI} } @article {1773, title = { Influence of potassium carbonate addition on the condensable species released during wood torrefaction }, journal = { FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {169}, year = {2018}, pages = {248-257}, abstract = {

In order to investigate the effect of potassium addition on the composition of torrefaction condensates, two demineralized wood species were impregnated with different concentrations of K2CO3 and then torrefied at 275 degrees C up to an anhydrous weight loss (AWL) of 25\%. Torrefaction was carried out in both a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) instrument and a laboratory fixed-bed reactor. Condensates from the fixed bed reactor were collected and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). TGA of raw and K2CO3-impregnated biopolymers (cellulose, xylan and lignin) were performed to facilitate interpretation of the results. TGA showed that when potassium content increased in the biomass, shorter torrefaction times were sufficient to obtain the targeted AWL. GC-MS showed, for both wood species, that potassium promotes the formation of acetol and slightly enhances acetic acid yield. The amount of some lignin derivatives (guaiacol, syringol, 4-vinylguaiacol) also rose with potassium addition. Yields of levoglucosan, LAC (1-hydroxy-(1R)-3,6-dioxabicyclo [3.2.1]octan-2-one) and DGP (1,4:3,6-dianhydro-alpha-D-glucopyranose), as well as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, decreased drastically in the presence of potassium. In conclusion, small additions of potassium carbonate deeply affected thermal degradation of wood species and the speciation of torrefaction condensates.

}, author = {L.A. DE-MACEDO and J.M. COMMANDRE and P. ROUSSET and J. VALETTE and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1742, title = { Influence of Water and Humidity on Wood Modification with Lactic Acid }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {259-269}, abstract = {

Impregnation of dry wood with pure lactic acid oligomers (OLAs) followed by heat treatment confers promising properties to wood because of OLA\&$\#$39;s good diffusion, in-situ polymerization and persistence in cell walls. Treatment provides drastic reduction of the equilibrium moisture content, high dimensional stability and good durability. The presence of water during treatment has been evaluated. Curing of OLA impregnated dry wood in humid atmosphere leads to a strong and global degradation of the material. OLA treatment of wet wood only impacts the water leaching rate negatively. Treatment of dry wood with OLA diluted in water additionally decreases the biological resistance and is not efficient for decreasing hygroscopicity. Treatment of dry wood with lactic acid solution leads to a lower polymerization level but confers good properties.

}, author = {C. GROSSE and M. NOEL and M.F. THEVENON and L. RAUTKARI and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1715, title = { Inhibition of fungi with wood extractives and natural durability of five Cameroonian wood species }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {123}, year = {2018}, pages = {183-191}, abstract = {

The natural durability of five Cameroonians wood samples was evaluated using the European standard EN 350-1 with a slight modification. The capacity of extracts to inhibit the fungal growth was evaluated at different concentrations with propiconazole (a commercial fungicide for wood) as standard. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of wood blocks was carried out before and after extraction in different solvents. Unextracted and extracted wood blocks were exposed to fungal attack, with beech as a reference wood. Results showed that mass losses of non-extracted samples ranged from 0.1 to 59\% and those of extracted samples from 3\% to 40\%. Before extraction, all wood samples under study were classified as very resistant to fungi attack (class 1) with respect to the standard. After extraction, some of the wood samples became vulnerable to fungal attack. Movingui, padouk, and tali became less resistant to fungi attack (class 3). The SEM of wood revealed that the extractives were removed from the fibres. The effect of extractives on fungal growth showed that extracts weakly inhibited fungal growth up to concentrations of 250 mu g/mL but extracts of tali and movingui totally inhibited fungal growth at a concentration of 500 mu g/mL.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01972727}, author = {J.B.S. TCHINDA and M.K. NDIKONTAR and A.D.F. BELINGA and S. MOUNGUENGUI and J.M. NJANKOUO and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1743, title = { Isocyanate-Free Polyurethane Coatings and Adhesives from Mono- and Di-Saccharides }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

Mostly biosourced non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU) were prepared from mono- and disaccharides, namely glucose and sucrose, reacted with dimethyl carbonate and hexamethylene diamine. The main aim of this research was to show that NIPU can be prepared from mono- and disaccharides, this just being an initial exploratory work and its sole main aim. The oligomers obtained were detected by MALDI-ToF, CP-MAS C-13 NMR, and FTIR spectrometries. The glucose-derived NIPU were shown to harden at a markedly lower temperature than the sucrose-derived ones and to be easier to handle and spread. The NIPU obtained were applied as wood and steel surface coatings and tested by the sessile drop test (on wood) and cross-cut test (on steel) with encouraging results. The glucose NIPU gave good surface coating results already at 103 degrees C, while the sucrose NIPU yielded good results only at a markedly higher temperature of hardening. The NIPU saccharide resins were also tested as thermosetting wood joint adhesives with the glucose NIPU yielding very encouraging results.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1751, title = { Mathematical modelling and numerical simulation of a simple solar dryer for tropical wood using a collector }, journal = { APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING }, volume = {131}, year = {2018}, pages = {356-369}, abstract = {

The main objective of this paper is to develop a computational model and to simulate the drying of timber with a solar dryer. Two sets of equations have been established: one for the solar collector and the other for the drying chamber. The computed and measured outlet temperatures of the solar collector were compared. A very satisfactory prediction by the model is observed. The theoretical variations of the relative humidity and temperature of the air inside the drying chamber were computed and the analyses gave satisfactory physical meanings. The drying kinetic is a little faster. Using the solar collector, the final moisture content of the wood stack of iroko species (Chlorophora excelsa) is lower than the one obtained without utilization of the solar collector. The proposed modelling can be used to design and model other solar dryers.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521746}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and A. ZOULALIAN and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1749, title = { Mechanically blown wall-projected tannin-based foams }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {113}, year = {2018}, pages = {316-323}, abstract = {

Condensed flavonoid tannin-based foams from quebracho tannin extract have been developed using a new method of expansion based on fire-fighting or tunneling foams, where a foam concentrate forms a stable liquid foam. This new mechanical method of expansion allows obtaining a solid porous material after curing and hardening at room temperature, through a liquid foam formed by a tannin resin and an aqueous solution of surfactant. The stability of the as-obtained liquid foam and the influence of the amount of catalyst are reported. The use of this new approach for preparing tannin-based rigid foams avoids the problem of shrinkage presented by many other formulations where physical or chemical foaming is employed. Non-ionic surfactants have also been used in the formulation to obtain smaller cells and improve the structure of the new material. Bulk density (0.069-0.080 g/cm(3)), mechanical (compressive strength of 0.034-0.13 MPa) and thermal (0.045-0.047 W m(-1)K(-1)) properties and morphological appearance of the foams have been characterised and reported.

}, author = {F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1767, title = { Melamine-Glyoxal-Glutaraldehyde Wood Panel Adhesives without Formaldehyde }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

(MGG\&$\#$39;) resin adhesives for bonding wood panels were prepared by a single step procedure, namely reacting melamine with glyoxal and simultaneously with a much smaller proportion of glutaraldehyde. No formaldehyde was used. The inherent slow hardening of this resin was overcome by the addition of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone hydrogen sulphate ionic liquid as the adhesive hardener in the glue mix. The plywood strength results obtained were comparable with those obtained with melamine-formaldehyde resins pressed under the same conditions. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time of flight (MALDI ToF) and Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis allowed the identification of the main oligomer species obtained and of the different types of linkages formed, as well as to indicate the multifaceted role of the ionic liquid. These resins are proposed as a suitable substitute for equivalent formaldehyde-based resins.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and S. AMIROU} } @article {1719, title = { Modelling of heat transfer through permanent formwork panels exposed to high temperatures }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {185}, year = {2018}, pages = {166-174}, abstract = {

A small-scale fire test was performed on a wood-cement panel intended as a permanent formwork. The tested panel was subjected on one side to a uniform heat flux of about 6 kW/m(2). Measurements of the temperature profiles were recorded with thermocouples embedded in the sample. The density and its variation with temperature were obtained by taking weight measurements. The thermal conductivity of the wood-cement composite at room temperature was determined using the hot plate method. Its variation with temperature and that of the specific heat were determined using analytical and numerical approaches. Using the obtained data, a pyrolysis model, implemented in Abaqus, was developed to simulate the effect of heat in the panel. The validation of the model is carried out by simulating charring tests. The model provided reasonable predictions for the thickness of the charred layer and the temperatures profiles across the depth of the panel. The model can supplement the testing of small laboratory samples to characterise the fire performance of these panels, and hence help establish their certification for use in sustainable construction.

}, author = {M. LI and A. KHENNANE and B. BRANDELET and M. EL-GANAOUI and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1753, title = { Moisture transport and sorption in beech and spruce barks }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {72}, year = {2018}, pages = {105-111}, abstract = {

The bark-water relation and the moisture transport in bark are essential for the living tree but also for the industrial utilization of bark. Thus the bark-water relation of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) have been studied in the present work. The sorption isotherms were determined at 35 degrees C for both wood and bark and the water diffusivity was measured under steady state conditions (cup method) and under unsteady state conditions, i.e. via sorption test. The sorption isotherms were calculated based on the Hailwood-Horrobin (HH) model. It was observed that beech wood and bark have a similar hygroscopic behavior, whereas spruce bark is more hygroscopic than spruce wood in all the relative humidity (RH) ranges. The radial diffusivity was in the range 1.2 . 10(-11)-2.2 . 10(-11) m(2) s(-1) for spruce and beech bark, respectively, when the driving force of the diffusion is the gradient of bound water.

}, author = {R. REMOND and L.C.A. BARROS and G. ALMEIDA} } @article {1737, title = { Molecular recognition of wood polyphenols by phase II detoxification enzymes of the white rot Trametes versicolor }, journal = { SCIENTIFIC REPORTS }, volume = {8}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

Wood decay fungi have complex detoxification systems that enable them to cope with secondary metabolites produced by plants. Although the number of genes encoding for glutathione transferases is especially expanded in lignolytic fungi, little is known about their target molecules. In this study, by combining biochemical, enzymatic and structural approaches, interactions between polyphenols and six glutathione transferases from the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor have been demonstrated. Two isoforms, named TvGSTO3S and TvGSTO6S have been deeply studied at the structural level. Each isoform shows two distinct ligand-binding sites, a narrow L-site at the dimer interface and a peculiar deep hydrophobic H-site. In TvGSTO3S, the latter appears optimized for aromatic ligand binding such as hydroxybenzophenones. Affinity crystallography revealed that this H-site retains the flavonoid dihydrowogonin from a partially purified wild-cherry extract. Besides, TvGSTO6S binds two molecules of the flavonoid naringenin in the L-site. These data suggest that TvGSTO isoforms could interact with plant polyphenols released during wood degradation.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01843732}, author = {M. SCHWARTZ and T. PERROT and E. AUBERT and S. DUMARCAY and F. FAVIER and P. GERARDIN and M. MOREL-ROUHIER and G. MULLIERT and F. SAIAG and C. DIDIERJEAN and E. GELHAYE} } @article {1760, title = { Nonsymmetrical drying tests - Experimental and numerical results for free and constrained spruce samples }, journal = { DRYING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {36}, year = {2018}, pages = {1554-1562}, abstract = {

The paper brings new insights into nonsymmetrical convective drying, a configuration in which stresses induce a global change of the section shape of a wooden board with five insulated faces. Two experimental devices that allow to test simultaneously twin wooden boards have been developed: the first board is free and its curvature is collected vs. time; the second one is constrained and the force required to keep it flat is collected vs. time. Convective drying tests have been performed on radial specimens of spruce, 5 and 15mm thick at 45 and 65 degrees C. The results are commented and compared with simulation runs. For this purpose, a 1-D mechanical formulation is embedded in the computational code of heat and mass transfer TransPore. The objective of the comparison between numerical and experimental results is a better understanding of the coupled phenomena and the identification of some transfer and mechanical parameters.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01959215}, author = {O. ALLEGRETTI and R. REMOND and P. PERRE} } @article {1722, title = { Numerical simulation of fire integrity resistance of full-scale gypsum-faced cross-laminated timber wall }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {132}, year = {2018}, pages = {96-103}, abstract = {

Fire design requires three fire resistance criteria, namely integrity, insulation and load-bearing. In particular, repartition wall systems used in residential and commercial buildings are required to provide certification of insulation and integrity fire resistance and have to be analysed in the context of the characteristic time scales of a fire. This paper presents a numerical methodology to simulate the fire integrity resistance of full-scale timber based wall systems exposed to fire. The main contribution of this paper, with regard to the existing literature, is the presence of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel in the central part of the wall system, where the pyrolysis of timber was modelled explicitly in the energy balance equation system. For this end, a user-subroutine, called UMATHT, is developed and successfully implemented in the Abaqus finite element code for thermal analysis. The falling off of the gypsum boards under fire was considered implicitly in the FE model based on experimental observations. The obtained results show clearly the need to take into account explicitly the cracks and falling off of the gypsum boards for an appropriate prediction of the integrity fire resistance in order to reduce expensive experimental procedures.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521730/}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1728, title = { Numerical study of timber solar drying with application to different geographical and climatic conditions in Central Africa }, journal = { SOLAR ENERGY }, volume = {170}, year = {2018}, pages = {454-469}, abstract = {

This paper presents a numerical investigation of an indirect solar dryer for wood, using an absorber placed directly behind the transparent cover on the top of the dryer with a layer of air separating it from the cover. The floor and north wall are insulated and painted in black. The dryer is very simple to build and electrical energy is only used for the fan. Applications are done on three tropical woods with 50 mm thick most utilized in Central Africa: obeche (Triplochilon scleroxylon), iroko (Chlorophora excelsa) and sapele (Entandrophragma cylindricwn). Comparisons between the numerical results and those experimentally obtained are given and the performances of this solar dryer are discussed under the weather conditions of seven towns in Central Africa region located in six different countries. Satisfactory agreement between experimental and numerical results is then obtained. With an average initial moisture content ranging between 0.4 and 0.48 kg/kg, the average final water contents are ranged from 0.15 to 0.18 kg/kg after 21 days in Yaounde during the months of November and December 2004. Modeling was applied from November 1st to the November 30th, to Sapele wood with 50 mm thick and 0.4 kg/kg initial moisture content dried in Bangui, Brazzaville, Douala, Kinshasa, Libreville and Yaounde until the final moisture content, which can vary from 0.13 to 0.1 kg/kg. Solar energy per cubic meter of wood was ranging from 2 to 4.3 GJ/m(3) with a maximal thermal efficiency between 12 and 47\%. Ndjamena\&$\#$39;s climate is not good to use solar drying because of its low air absolute humidity that gives a fast drop in the moisture content and consequently destroys the wood board quality. Bangui, Brazzaville, Douala, Kinshasa, Libreville and Yaounde give satisfactory alternative drying conditions using the studied solar dryer. However, it is important to use a solar collector in those six towns in order to reduce the effect of the air absolute humidity and improve the drying kinetic.

}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and L. BENNAMOUN} } @article {1752, title = { Optimisation of "green" tannin-furanic foams for thermal insulation by experimental design }, journal = { MATERIALS \& DESIGN }, volume = {139}, year = {2018}, pages = {7-15}, abstract = {

In this paper, \"green\" tannin-furanic foams were prepared based on formulations free of formaldehyde and foaming agent, aiming at obtaining the best thermal insulators as possible with the highest mechanical resistance. Both of these properties are antagonistic, since low thermal conductivity requires high porosity whereas high mechanical properties require low porosity. Thus, experimental design was applied for the first time to this kind of formulations. Thanks to a limited number of experiments suggested by a rational mixture design, the experimental responses: thermal conductivity, elastic modulus and compressive strength were modelled and predicted based on the relative proportions of three main ingredients of the formulation. The results revealed that the formulations containing a high proportion of furfuryl alcohol, a moderate proportion of tannin and a low level of catalyst led to the best compromise between properties having opposed trends. Thus, optimised foams presented a thermal conductivity of 0.039 W m(-1) K-1 and compression strength of 0.07 MPa. The reliability of the model used was successfully validated by additional tests. This proved it to be a very useful tool for developing environment-friendly tannin-furanic foams with desired features.

}, url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02627106}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and F. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1736, title = { Parameterization equations for the nonlinear connection slip applied to the anisotropic embedment behavior of wood }, journal = { COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING }, volume = {142}, year = {2018}, pages = {142-158}, abstract = {

Nonlinear numerical models for the engineering design of mechanical connections in anisotropic materials require nonlinear material behavior of their components, which are essentially determined by material or structural testing. Herein, a multi-step approach for the parameterization of the nonlinear and anisotropic connection slip behavior is presented and applied to the ductile embedment behavior of steel dowels in wood. For this purpose, previously proposed regression functions for the slip behavior are reviewed, and further possible equations are discussed. Their suitability in the description of typical shapes of slip curves observed in connection testing is assessed before certain combinations are applied to an experimental dataset of embedment tests of steel dowels embedded in Laminated Veneer Lumber. The dependence of the regression parameters on the displacement range in the experimental dataset and the benefit of using parameters with a physical interpretation, for being able to exploit connection test data reported in literature, is highlighted.

}, author = {M. SCHWEIGLER and T.K. BADER and G. HOCHREINER and R. LEMAITRE} } @article {1735, title = { Polyurethanes from Kraft Lignin without Using Isocyanates }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {413-425}, abstract = {

The reaction of a desulphurized kraft lignin with hexamethylene diamine and dimethyl carbonate has allowed the development of isocyanate-free polyurethane resins. The present research work is based on previous studies made with hydrolyzable and condensed tannins, but takes advantage of the higher number of hydroxyl groups present in lignin and their different aliphatic and aromatic character. The obtained materials were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and solid-state cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (CP MAS) C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which have revealed the presence of urethane functions. The interpretation of the results has shown a larger number of species than when tannins were used and has indicated the presence of two types of bonds in the new molecules formed: ionic and covalent bonds.

}, author = {F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1716, title = { Potential of a short rotation coppice poplar as a feedstock for platform chemicals and lignin-based building blocks }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {123}, year = {2018}, pages = {698-706}, abstract = {

In the context of a biorefinery, the potential of the short rotation coppice \"poplar with bark\" as a feedstock for the acid-catalyzed ethanol-water Organosolv process and furthermore for possible applications of the biomass components was investigated aiming at optimal separation of the non-standardized woody biomass. The study was supported and evaluated by an experimental design (Box-Behnken). The statistical analysis showed an increase in lignin yield with rising process intensity with an optimum for precipitated lignin yield of 42\%. A change in downstream processing from lignin precipitation by simple dilution of the reaction water to stripping of the ethanol provided a 10\% higher lignin yield. Molecular weight distribution of the lignin samples as well as the number of aliphatic OH-groups within the lignin molecules decreased with intensified conditions whereas the phenolic group content increased. The cellulose content in the fibre fraction is hardly influenced by the pulping conditions, lignin and hemicellulose removal lead to a raising cellulose recovery.

}, author = {V. ROHDE and T. HAHN and M. WAGNER and S. BORINGER and B. TUBKE and N. BROSSE and N. DAHMEN and D. SCHMIEDL} } @article {1732, title = { Production of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fronds lignin-derived non-toxic aldehyde for eco-friendly wood adhesive }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {113}, year = {2018}, pages = {1266-1272}, abstract = {

Lignocellulosic materials can significantly contribute to the development of eco-friendly wood adhesives. In this work, glyoxal-phenolic resins for plywood were prepared using organosolv lignin, which was isolated from black liquor recovered from organosolv pulping of oil palm fronds (OPF) and considered to be an alternative to phenol. Glyoxal, which is a dialdehyde obtained from several natural resources, was used as substitute for formaldehyde. The structure of organosolv lignin and the resins were characterized by FTIR and NMR, and for thermal stability by TGA and DSC. The resins were further studied for their viscosity, pH, solids content and gel times. The resins performance as wood adhesive was further established from mechanical test in terms of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity (MOE) to obtain the optimum ratios of organosolv lignin, which replaces phenol in organosolv lignin phenol glyoxal (OLPG) resins. The adhesive composition having 50\% (w/w) of phenol substituted by organosolv lignin, termed as 50\% OLPG showed highest adhesive strength compared to phenol formaldehyde (PF) commercial adhesive.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and N.A. SAMAD and N.H. ABD-LATIF and N.A. ROZULI and S.B. YUSOFF and F. GAMBIER and N. BROSSE} } @article {1723, title = { Projectable tannin foams by mechanical and chemical expansion }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {120}, year = {2018}, pages = {90-96}, abstract = {

A new formulation of quebracho tannin-based resin has been used to prepare bio-based rigid foams. The proposed foams were blown by using the simultaneous combination of two expansion methods by mechanical expansion as used for fire-fighting foams and by chemical expansion based on the release of water and other gases during the exothermal self-condensation of furfuryl alcohol. The combination of both methods allowed us to overcome certain limitations found in the preparation of foams exclusively based on mechanical expansion These were the resulting density (16\% lower than that obtained by mechanical expansion) and the mechanical properties (compressive strength improved of about 11\%). Resin chemorheology was characterized under stressed conditions using frequency and time sweeps as well as temperature ramps. The evolution of the linear viscoelastic functions during the reaction clearly showed the transition from viscous to strong gel-like behavior. The foaming and hardening processes were followed by the use of FOAMAT equipment and the resulting foams were characterized in terms of density (0.059-0.063 g/cm(3)), mechanical properties (compressive strength of 0.090-0.144 MPa) and thermal conductivity (0.046-0.048 W m(-1) K-1).

}, author = {F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and A. TENORIO-ALFONSO and C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and M.C. SANCHEZ and J.M. FRANCO} } @article {1764, title = { Properties of plywood panels bonded with ionic liquid-modified lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resin }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {94}, year = {2018}, pages = {143-154}, abstract = {

The aim of this research was to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of plywood panels bonded with ionic liquid-modified lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin. For this purpose, soda bagasse lignin was modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][OAc]) ionic liquid, and then, various contents of modified lignins (10, 15, and 20 wt\%) were added as a substitute of phenol in phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin synthesis. The properties of the synthesized resin were compared with those of a control PF resin. The changes in curing behavior of the resins prepared were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The physical properties of the resins prepared, as well as the water absorption, thickness swelling, shear strength, and formaldehyde emission of the plywood panels bonded with these adhesives, were measured according to standard methods. DSC analysis indicated that in comparison with PF resins, curing of the LPF resin occurred at lower temperatures. The physical properties of the synthesized resins indicated that viscosity and solid content increased, while gel time and density decreased by addition of treated lignin to the PF resin. Although the panels containing resins with modified lignin yielded low formaldehyde emission, their dimensional stability was worse than those bonded with a commercial PF adhesive. The plywood prepared using IL-treated lignin PF resins has shear strength, which satisfy the requirements of the relevant standards specifications and significantly better than that of panels prepared with the control PF resin. The mechanical properties of the panels could be significantly enhanced with increased percentage of treated lignin content from 0 to 20 wt\%.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1727, title = { Reactions with Wood Carbohydrates and Lignin of Citric Acid as a Bond Promoter of Wood Veneer Panels }, journal = { POLYMERS }, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

The reaction of citric acid with wood veneers was studied by Cross Polarization Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (CP MAS C-13 NMR) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI ToF) mass spectrometry. The analysis showed that reactions of citric acid occurred with both lignin and carbohydrate constituents of wood. The reactions occurring are esterifications between the carboxylic acid functions of citric acid and the numerous aromatic and aliphatic hydroxyl groups of the main wood constituents. Reaction of citric acid with glucose as a simple model compound of carbohydrates hydroxyl groups also yielded reactions leading to linear and branched oligomers by esterification. The result indicate that the reactions of esterification are accompanied in parallel by some internal rearrangements of lignin. The applied results on bonding wide flat wood surfaces such as veneers to obtain LVL panels yielded excellent strength results even if the conditions of pressing were more drastic than what is usual for this application. The applied bonding results have shown that citric acid has great potential to be used as a bio-binder for wood veneers.

}, author = {C. DEL-MENEZZI and S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and X.D. XI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1762, title = { REVIEW OF MODELING AND SIMULATION OF VOID FORMATION IN LIQUID COMPOSITE MOLDING }, journal = { COMPOSITES-MECHANICS COMPUTATIONS APPLICATIONS }, volume = {9}, year = {2018}, pages = {51-93}, abstract = {

Liquid composite molding (LCM) processes are being used in manufacturing near-net-shape, geometrically complex composite parts. One of the current obstacles to a larger scale application of these processes is the formation of defects such as voids during resin injection. To reach aeronautic requirements or short injection cycles in the automotive industry, entrapped air in the final part before curing has to remain as low as possible. Air entrapment will depend on the fibrous structure and on the injection parameters, or more precisely on the fluid pressure and the flow front orientation with respect to the fibrous direction. A key parameter for production of structural composite parts is air entrapment, since high void content could lead to mechanical softening, early failure, or part rejection. The quantitative simulation of the void formation is important for proper design and selection of material and processing parameters to minimize such voids in the composite materials. Despite several advancements in voidage predictions via modeling and simulations, the void formation mechanisms in RTM and similar processes are still not fully understood. In this study, a review of current approaches to modeling and simulation of void formation and unsaturated flow in the liquid composite molding process is presented. We examine modeling efforts considering all the mechanisms involved such as void formation and transport, bubble compression, and gas dissolution. In particular, the capillary number is identified as a key parameter for void formation and transport. The influence of voids on the global resin flow is also investigated and a state-of-the-art is presented.

}, author = {A. SAAD and A. ECHCHELH and M. HATTABI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1720, title = { Scrap Tires Pyrolysis: Product Yields, Properties and Chemical Compositions of Pyrolytic Oil }, journal = { RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY }, volume = {91}, year = {2018}, pages = {1603-1611}, abstract = {

This investigation involves an experimental study on the pyrolysis of scrap tires under different operating conditions such as feedstock size and pyrolysis temperature by highlighting the properties of the whole liquid products generated during each thermal degradation process. The complete conversion temperature for the pyrolysis of used tires was close to 500550 degrees C. The characteristics of liquid fraction were determined by elemental analysis, chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques and distillation data. All the obtained atomic ratios are around 1,4 which is significant that such pyrolytic liquids are a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic compounds derived from polymeric materials. Analysis of the pyrolytic oil (pyro-oil) by chromatographic analysis showed that it was a complex mixture of organic compounds C5C26, aromatics and a large proportion of light hydrocarbons that can be used as liquid fuels. Furthermore, the comparison distillation data indicates that more than 40\% of such pyrolytic oil fraction with the boiling point range between 180360 degrees C is specified for diesel. It is noted that the viscosity decreases obviously from 4.87 to 1.79 with the increase in temperature.

}, author = {S. CHOUAYA and M.A. ABBASSI and R.B. YOUNES and A. ZOULALIAN} } @article {1733, title = { A simplified and fast computational finite element model for the nonlinear load-displacement behaviour of reinforced concrete structures }, journal = { COMPOSITE STRUCTURES }, volume = {194}, year = {2018}, pages = {468-477}, abstract = {

Numerical simulation of reinforced concrete structures requires the explicit representation of both the concrete and the reinforcement bars, where the two materials are modelled separately using appropriate constitutive laws including damage variables for concrete in compression and tension. Even if this way of modelling is convenient and satisfactory, it requires a huge computational effort especially in the case of large scale applications. The aim of this paper is to develop an alternative model dedicated for the simulation of large scale reinforced concrete structures with no need to represent explicitly the steel reinforcements. Based on the literature review, the authors developed a fictitious stress-strain relationship for reinforced concrete under tension. The model is based on the shape of the slip-adhesion curve between steel and concrete proposed by the European Committee for Concrete (C.E.B.) to estimate the crack opening widths. Relationships covering the cracked stage up to the yield point of the steel are proposed depending on the material properties of concrete and steel, on the reinforcement ratio, as well as on the crack widths. The developed model was successfully implemented in the ABAQUS commercial software. The effectiveness and computational efficiency are demonstrated through some examples under tensile and bending loadings.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02530728}, author = {S. BENAKLI and Y. BOUAFIA and M. OUDJENE and R. BOISSIERE and A. KHELIL} } @article {1768, title = { Small to large scale mixed turbulent convection: buildings application }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT \& FLUID FLOW }, volume = {28}, year = {2018}, pages = {188-205}, abstract = {

The use of natural ventilation by large openings to maintain thermal comfort conditions in the premises is a concept that is perfectly integrated into the traditional architecture of countries in the Mediterranean region or in tropical climates. In a temperate climate where the architecture is not usually designed to respond to the use of natural ventilation is seasonal and is done at the initiative of the occupants by making changes in the design of their doors. The European interest in natural ventilation, as a passive building air- conditioning technology, is increasing and has been the subject of a research program commissioned by the European Community. In this work, the authors consider a part of a housing compound as a refreshing floor. This floor is maintained at a constant cold temperature, the one vertical wall at hot temperature and other surfaces are adiabatic. Various scenarios are considered for this work. Mixed convection for different boundary conditions and different configurations is carried out. In addition, an airflow is injected through a window and extracted on the opposite window. Classical conclusion and transitional value on Richardson number have been completed by the new thermal configuration with nonsymmetric thermal conditions. The complex 3D flow structure is more obvious when one of the two flows (ventilation or natural convection) dominates. However, the induced heat transfer is less sensitive to the added ventilation. In this study, the authors consider a part of a housing compound as a refreshing floor. This floor is maintained at a constant cold temperature, the one vertical wall at hot temperature and other surfaces are adiabatic.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01724258}, author = {S. MORSLI and M. BOUSSOUFI and A. SABEUR and M. EL-GANAOUI and R. BENNACER} } @article {1758, title = { Soy-based, tannin-modified plywood adhesives }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {94}, year = {2018}, pages = {218-237}, abstract = {

In this research, two different types of commercial tannins, namely a hydrolysable tannin (chestnut) and a condensed flavonoid tannin (mimosa), were used to prepare two types of soy-based (soy flour (SF) and soy protein isolate) adhesives for making plywood. Thermogravimetric properties (TGA) and its derivative as function of temperature (DTG) of different soy-based adhesive were measured in the range 40 degrees C-300 degrees C. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) from 25 degrees C to 250 degrees C was done for the different resin formulations. Duplicate three-ply laboratory plywood panels were prepared by adding 300 g/m(2) of the adhesives\&$\#$39; total resin solid content composed of SF or isolated soy protein (ISP), urea, chestnut, and mimosa tannin extracts with hexamine as hardener. Based on the results obtained, tannins can improve SF adhesion properties. The TMA showed that chestnut tannin extract appeared to react well with SF, while mimosa tannin extract appeared to react well with ISP. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry also showed that among other reactions, the soy protein amino acids reacted with the tannins. Furthermore, delamination and shear strength test results showed the good water resistance of plywood bonded with soy-based tannin modified adhesive.

}, author = {S. GHAHRI and A. PIZZI and B. MOHEBBY and A. MIRSHOKRAIE and H.R. MANSOURI} } @article {1714, title = { Strain rate effects on the compressive response of wood and energy absorption capabilities - Part B: Experimental investigation under rigid lateral confinement }, journal = { COMPOSITE STRUCTURES }, volume = {204}, year = {2018}, pages = {95-104}, abstract = {

The compressive properties of spruce and beech wood species at a large range of strain rates - from 0.001 to 600 s(-1)- under rigid lateral confinement have been investigated, using an original experimental device especially developed for the purpose. The work is motivated by the need to explore the dynamic behavior of wood up to large strains close to 70\%. Three experimental apparatus have been used to obtain the compressive responses: the quasi-static tests have been performed using a Sintech 20D test system, the compressive responses at intermediate strain rates have been obtained with an Instron VHS65/20 apparatus and the dynamic tests have been conducted using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bars (SHPB) system. The strain rate sensitivity of wood is clearly visible on the crushing strength with an increase between 80 and 155\% but also on the plastic like behavior. In addition, the entire responses exhibit an elastic-plastic like behavior whereas an elastic brittle behavior could be observed, in the previous Part A which was focused on the compression configuration without lateral confinement. Even if no significant effect of the rigid lateral confinement is observed on the apparent Young modulus and the crushing strength values for both species, the wood energy absorption capability is better when longitudinal failure mechanisms are restricted thanks to the rigid lateral confinement.

}, author = {J. WOUTS and G. HAUGOU and M. OUDJENE and H. MORVAN and D. COUTELLIER} } @article {1774, title = { The study of linear vibrational welding of moso bamboo }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {32}, year = {2018}, pages = {1-10}, abstract = {

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) linear-vibration welded joints with three different combinations between the inner and outer surfaces were studied in this paper. The tensile-shear strength, the microstructures and welded layer thickness observed by SEM and the density profiles measured by X-ray densitometer of the welded samples have been considered and compared. The maximum average tensile-shear strength of outer-outer, inner-inner and outer-inner welded joints were 5.91, 7.15 and 6.24MPa, respectively. And only the inner-inner welded joints have the bamboo failure after the shear test. The welded joint is composed of a lot of bamboo fibers entangled in the molten and flown intercellular materials which decide the final mechanical performance of the welded joints. The thickness of the outer-outer welded layer is the smallest and the inner-inner welded layer is the highest. However, the maximum density reached in the inner-inner welded joint is smaller than in the outer-outer welded joint owing to the different vascular distribution in the cross section of the moso bamboo. The relative density can be used to reflect the tensile-shear strength of the welded joints. The natural structure of bamboo really do have significant influences on the welded interface.

}, author = {H.Y. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X.H. ZHOU and X.N. LU and Z.Q. WANG} } @article {1757, title = { Synthesis, structure characterization and application of melamine-glyoxal adhesive resins }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, pages = {283-296}, abstract = {

To eliminate formaldehyde in melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resins the nonvolatile and nontoxic aldehyde glyoxal (G) was reacted with melamine to prepare novel melamine-glyoxal (MG) resins. These MG resins were synthesized with different M/G molar ratios, and their properties were tested. The liquid and hardened MG resins were characterized, and the oligomers formed and their distribution were determined by C-13 NMR and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The energy of activation of cross-linking of the MG resins was found to be higher than for MF resins. This rendered some applications possible, such as MG resins impregnated paper surface overlays and showed such resins limitations as binders for wood particleboard. The MG resins remained stable at ambient temperature for more than 12 days.

}, author = {S. DENG and A. PIZZI and G. DU and M.C. LAGEL and L. DELMOTTE and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1708, title = { Tannins as a sustainable raw material for green chemistry: A review }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {126}, year = {2018}, pages = {316-332}, abstract = {

Tannins as herbal extracts are a good alternative for green chemistry. They are found aplenty in some plant species and can be extracted by simple methods. The tannins main feature and advantage is their phenolic structure which is very similar to synthetic phenols. Another key feature of tannins is their actions as antioxidants. The use of tannins is often connected to one of these features. They are now actively used in leather tanning, adhesive making (especially wood adhesives), fisheries, beverages manufacturing, animal feed and many others. Considerable amounts of research has also been recently conducted on the possibility of using tannins in the manufacture of biosourced foams, wood preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, polyurethane surface coatings, epoxy adhesives, binders for Teflon coatings and etc. This paper deals with different uses of tannins and with the latest research which has been done on this subject.

}, author = {Y. SHIRMOHAMMADLI and D. EFHAMISISI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1748, title = { Thermal degradation and compositional changes of wood treated in a semi-industrial scale reactor in vacuum }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {130}, year = {2018}, pages = {8-18}, abstract = {

Heat treatment is an eco-friendly and efficient way to improve the defective properties of woods, such as hygroscopic nature, lack of dimensional stability, and low resistance against biological degradation, and to produce a green and sustainable wood material for construction and buildings. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal degradation of a hardwood (poplar, Populus nigra) and a softwood (fir, Abies pectinata) in a semi-industrial scale reactor in which a vacuum environment is adopted to intensify the thermal degradation process. Four different stages of thermal degradation during wood heat treatment are defined, based on the intensity of differential mass loss (DML). Meanwhile, a number of analyses on untreated and treated woods are performed to evaluate their thermal degradation characteristics and compositional change during treatment. The FTIR analysis clearly demonstrates the thermal degradation through dehydration, deacetylation, depolymerization, and condensation reactions during the heat treatment. In addition, the XRD analysis indicates an increase in relative crystallinity of cellulose. The correlation of devolatilization index (DI) with respect to mass loss of the two wood species is strongly characterized by linear distribution, which is able to provide a simple and useful tool in predicting mass loss of wood treated in wood industry.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01816914}, author = {B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and W.H. CHEN and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1763, title = { Thermal energy and economic analysis of a PCM-enhanced household envelope considering different climate zones in Morocco }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY }, volume = {37}, year = {2018}, pages = {515-532}, abstract = {

This study investigates the thermal energy potentials and economic feasibility of an air-conditioned family household-integrated phase change material (PCM) considering different climate zones in Morocco. A simulation-based optimisation was carried out in order to define the optimal design of a PCM-enhanced household envelope for thermal energy effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of predefined candidate solutions. The optimisation methodology is based on coupling Energyplus (R) as a dynamic simulation tool and GenOpt (R) as an optimisation tool. Considering the obtained optimum design strategies, a thermal energy and economic analysis are carried out to investigate PCMs integration feasibility in the Moroccan constructions. The results show that the PCM-integrated household envelope allows minimising the cooling/heating thermal energy demand vs. a reference household without PCM. While for the cost-effectiveness optimisation, it has been deduced that the economic feasibility is stilling insufficient under the actual PCM market conditions. The optimal design parameters results are also analysed.

}, author = {Y. KHARBOUCH and A. MIMET and M. EL-GANAOUI and L. OUHSAINE} } @article {1712, title = { Thermal performance investigation of a PCM-enhanced wall/roof in northern Morocco }, journal = { BUILDING SIMULATION }, volume = {11}, year = {2018}, pages = {1083-1093}, abstract = {

Energy efficiency improvement in building sector has become a real challenge in Morocco, especially in the northern region evolving a rapid urban growth. In this context, using the phase change materials (PCM) in the construction is presented as one of the promising solutions to enhance the thermal behaviour of building envelope. This work aims to investigate the thermal performance of a PCM integrated external wall and roof under the summer climate conditions of northern Morocco. Dynamic thermal characterization methodology is adopted through the calculation of decrement factor (DF) and time lag (TL) parameters. For that, a one-dimensional numerical model based on resistance-capacitance (RC) approach is developed and implicitly solved to simulate the heat transfer process through a wall/roof structure. The model is validated through a new small-scale experimental device. Different qualities of PCM, regarding its peak phase change temperature, have been evaluated. Moreover, the PCM layer emplacement within the wall/roof structure was evaluated considering two possible configurations. The obtained results show a significative enhancement of the thermal performance of different wall facades and roof through the use of the suitable PCM quality. An appropriate selection of PCM layer emplacement yields an evidenced enhancement in the case of the roof. As for the walls, the integration of PCM from the interior side increase the TL period but has a negative impact on the DF parameter.

}, author = {Y. KHARBOUCH and L. OUHSAINE and A. MIMET and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1717, title = { Thermal stability of Abies alba wood according to its radial position and forest management }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, pages = {1669-1676}, abstract = {

Most of the defects affecting heat-treated wood quality are often attributed to heterogeneous heat transfers in industrial kilns. Even if interspecific variability of wood has been reported to affect thermal degradation of the material, little has been reported on the effects of intraspecific variability. The aim of this work was to study the effect of intraspecific variability of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) wood on its thermal degradation. For this purpose, wood samples were sampled along the radius of cross-sections to estimate the effect of radial position on wood thermal degradation. Sampling was carried out on discs of four trees, two resulting from dynamic growth stand and two from standard growth stand. The study was performed at different scales: at wood compartments scale involving juvenile and mature heartwood, transition zone between heartwood and sapwood and sapwood as well as at intra-ring scale. Wood samples were ground to sawdust and subjected to thermogravimetric analysis and chemical analysis. Juvenile heartwood was shown to be more sensitive to thermal degradation than other compartments. The thermal behavior of sapwood was not particularly different from that of heartwood, and the presence of extractives did not influence significantly thermal degradation. Earlywood was more sensitive to thermal degradation than latewood explaining the higher susceptibility of fast growing heartwood containing larger rings with higher contents of earlywood.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01972741}, author = {J. HAMADA and A. PETRISSANS and J. RUELLE and F. MOTHE and F. COLIN and M. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1739, title = { Toward the cottonization of hemp fibers by steam explosion - Part 1: defibration and morphological characterization }, journal = { TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL }, volume = {88}, year = {2018}, pages = {1047-1055}, abstract = {

Fine hemp fibers (cottonized hemp) were processed using steam explosion. The quantification of the defibration rate was performed by image processing. Based on this method, the hemp defibration was optimized using a response surface methodology based on three-variable central composite design for the production of elementary fibers with low variability. Optimal parameters for the steam processes were as follows: time=4.1min; temperature=191?. Biomass was impregnated with a solution of NaOH (8\%) before treatment, leading to a defibration rate of 91.2\%, which is producing approximate to 50\% fibers with length \<3mm, in good agreement with the experimental data. Damaged fibers originating from the conjugated effect of steam explosion and alkali hydrolysis were also observed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289748}, author = {T. SAUVAGEON and J.M. LAVOIE and C. SEGOVIA and N. BROSSE} } @article {1667, title = {Analysis of nocturnal air temperature in districts using mobile measurements and a cooling indicator}, journal = { THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY }, volume = {130}, year = {2017}, pages = {365-376}, abstract = {

The urban heat island phenomenon is generally defined as an air temperature difference between a city center and the non-urbanized rural areas nearby. However, this description does not encompass the intra-urban temperature differences that exist between neighborhoods in a city. This study investigates the air temperature dynamics of neighborhoods for meteorological conditions that lead to important urban heat island amplitude. Local climate zones (LCZs) have been determined in Nancy, France, and mobile screen-height air temperature measurements are performed using an instrumented vehicle. Initially, hourly measurements are performed within four different LCZs. These results show that air temperature within LCZ demonstrates a nocturnal cooling in two phases, i.e., a first phase between 1 to 3 h before sunset and 3 to 5 h after sunset, and a second phase from 3 to 5 h after sunset to sunrise. During phase 1, neighborhoods exhibit different cooling rate values and air temperature gaps develop between districts, while during phase 2, cooling rates tend to be analogous. Then, a larger meteorological data set is used to investigate these two phases for a selection of 13 LCZs. Normalized cooling rates are calculated between daytime measures and nighttime measures in order to quantify the air temperature dynamics of the studied areas during phase 1. Considering this indicator, three groups are emerging:

Results indicate that the relative position of LCZ within the conurbation does not drive air temperature dynamics during phase 1. In addition, measures performed during phase 2 tend to illustrate that cooling rates are similar to all LCZ during this period.

}, url = {https://hal-univ-tlse3.archives-ouvertes.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01916119}, author = {F. LECONTE and J. BOUYER and R. CLAVERIE and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1679, title = { Analysis of the Cross-Linking Reaction of Lignin with Triethyl Phosphate by MALDI-TOF and C-13 NMR }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

The reaction of condensation and cross-linking of desulfurized kraft lignin with triethyl phosphate (TEP) was explored. Catechol, a simple model of the aromatic ring of lignin, and glycerol, a model compound of the aliphatic hydroyl groups of the side chain of lignin, were employed under similar reaction conditions. Solid state cross-polarisation/magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) C-13 NMR and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) spectroscopy studies showed that polycondensation occurs on phenolic hydroxyl groups of lignin, as well as on aliphatic hydroxyls groups of its side chain. The reactions appear to be favoured by higher temperatures and in the presence of ammonia. Preliminary adhesion tests on wood shown good hydrophobicity properties of the surface treated with lignin-TEP-based resin. Initial application tests carried out at high temperature demonstrated as good performance as metallic coating.

}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1680, title = { Analytical profiling of food-grade extracts from grape (Vitis vinifera sp.) seeds and skins, green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves and Limousin oak (Quercus robur) heartwood using MALDI-TOF-MS, ICP-MS and spectrophotometric methods }, journal = { JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS }, volume = {59}, year = {2017}, pages = {95-104}, abstract = {

Tannins are food additives widely used due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and flavouring properties. Nevertheless, the information provided by the manufacturers are often generic, and data on the presence of specific phenolic compounds and potentially toxic elements are needed. In this work a selection of food-grade plant extracts - also called \&$\#$39;commercial tannins\&$\#$39; - from different botanical sources: Vitis vinifera sp., Camellia Sinensis, Quercus robur, were profiled using UV-vis spectrophotometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The combined analytical approach was suitable for quality control of the polyphenolic fraction to highlight authenticity markers (e.g. galloylated flavonoids, glycosides, ellagitannins), and to ascertain the content of toxic elements (Cu, Sr, As, Co, Cr, Fe, Zn, Li, Ba and Pb) respect to their legal and/or recommended limits.

}, author = {A. RICCI and G.P. PARPINELLO and A.S. PALMA and N. TESLIC and C. BRILLI and A. PIZZI and A. VERSARI} } @article {1672, title = { Characterization of Ficus sycomorus tannin using ATR-FT MIR, MALDI-TOF MS and C-13 NMR methods }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {807-815}, abstract = {

The Ficus sycomorus bark tannin was extracted and characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Middle Infrared (ATR-FT MIR) spectra in the 1800 and 600 cm(-1) range, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-13 NMR) spectroscopy methods. Ficus sycomorus species have a very high percentage (46\%) yield of tannin. These three characterization methods have shown that the Ficus sycomorus bark tannin is condensed and particularly a procyanidin type. It is composed of quercetin, apigenin, fisetinidin, catechin, gallocatechin, chalcone, radicinin, catechin gallate units with the presence of carbohydrates, quinone and gallic acid residues. The analysis results revealed that quercetin are the major constituents of Ficus sycomorus bark tannin. This procyanidin type tannin can give good wood adhesives.

}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and L. MEVA{\textquoteright}A} } @article {1658, title = { Chemical composition of some plantation wood species (Eucalyptus saligna, Cupressus lusitanica and Eucalyptus paniculata) and assessment of compatibility with plaster }, journal = { JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN ACADEMY OF WOOD SCIENCE }, volume = {14}, year = {2017}, pages = {146-153}, abstract = {

The aim of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of some plantation wood and the assessment of their compatibility with plaster. A quantitative analysis of the chemical composition each of the species (Eucalyptus saligna, Cupressus lusitanica and Eucalyptus paniculata) was carried out, followed by chemical compatibility evaluation using different types of wood particles. The quantitative analyses were carried out on wood powder of size between 0.27 and 0.30 mm. The results obtained were 2.4, 3.4 and 1.6\% for ethanol-benzene extract (E-AB ); 2.6, 3.2 and 2.4\% for hot water extract (E-E); 12.4, 21.6 and 12.1\% for 1\% sodium hydroxide extract (E-s); 48.6, 48.4 and 40.4\% for cellulose content (C); 34.8, 34.3 and 36.3\% for lignin content (L); then 0.1, 0.6, 0.3\% for ash content (C-E) respectively of E. saligna, C. lusitanica and E. paniculata. Chemical compatibility C-A was measured from hydration temperature curves as a function of time using the area method. The results showed that compatibility C-A decreased from 100 to 68\% as the wood content in the composite increased up to 15\% for all species and types of particles used. At this minimum value, the species was still considered as highly compatible in accordance with literature. Although compatibility is good, it decreased in the order E. paniculata followed by E. saligna and then C. lusitanica, the least compatible due to the inhibiting action of extractives.

}, author = {D.V.C. YOUMSSI and Y.D.M. BAMPEL and J.M. NJANKOUO and J.B.S. TCHINDA and M.K. NDIKONTAR} } @article {1677, title = { Citric acid as waterproofing additive in butt joints linear wood welding }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {651-654}, abstract = {

Citric acid was used to improve resistance to water of the welded joint of spruce along the end-grain-to-end-grain faces. The use of 10-20\% citric acid as treatment during a very short time has been shown to markedly improve both the mechanical performance and the water resistance of welded spruce. Based on the results of the water resistance tests it appears that the application of citric acid as a natural waterproofing additive in wood welding is possible. The use of citric acid thus allows the preparation of welded wood joints satisfying the requirement of frequent short-term and long-term exposure to water. C-13 NMR analysis indicated that lignin modification of the welded material is related to the improvement of water resistance and shear properties of the welded joints.

}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1693, title = { A comparison between lignin modified by ionic liquids and glyoxalated lignin as modifiers of urea-formaldehyde resin }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {93}, year = {2017}, pages = {1120-1130}, abstract = {

The aim of this research was to compare the influence of modified lignin by ionic liquid (IL) on the physical and mechanical properties of wood-based panels bonded with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin with the effect of glyoxalated lignin (GL) on UF properties. For this purpose, soda bagasse lignin was respectively modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][OAc]) IL and glyoxal and then the various content of modified lignins (10, 15, and 20\%) were added at pH=7 during the UF resin synthesis instead of the second urea. The changes in the structure and thermal properties of lignin, after and before modification with glyoxal and IL, were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The physicochemical properties of the prepared resins as well as the water absorption, shear strength, and formaldehyde emission of the plywood panels made with these adhesives were measured according to standard methods. According to the FTIR spectra, the content of C=O bond increased in GL while in the IL-treated lignin the content of C-N bond markedly increased. DSC analysis indicated that lignin modified by IL had lower glass transition temperature (T-g) value compared to those modified with glyoxal and unmodified lignin, respectively. The UF resins containing IL-treated lignin exhibit a faster gel time compared to those prepared with GL. Equally, the plywood panels prepared with an IL had lower formaldehyde emission and higher mechanical strength compared to those made from UF resin containing GL. There were no significant differences in dimensional stability of the panels bonded with UFs modified with GL and those with IL-modified lignin.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1661, title = { Competition between the lid driven and the natural convection of nanofluids taking into consideration the Soret effect }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {114}, year = {2017}, pages = {1341-1349}, abstract = {

Natural convection, in a shallow horizontal cavity filled with a nanofluid, is studied. The flow is driven by Lid driven convection (LDC). External applied constant heat fluxes on the bottom wall of the cavity is applied, whereas the vertical walls are subjected to variable heat fluxes. The nanofluid concentration is treated as heterogeneous mixtures with a weak solutal diffusivity. A modified formulation taking into account the physical properties (thermal conductivity, viscosity) versus on nanofluids type and concentration and the spatial heterogeneous concentration induced by the Soret effect is presented. The induced nanofluid heterogeneity can affect the heat transfer. The heat transfer increases with increase of the boundary motion. The analytical solution, based on parallel flow approximation, is found to be in good agreement with numerical solution. The existence of both natural and anti-natural flows is demonstrated. Indeed, the subcritical Rayleigh number for the onset of instability tends to disappear when the supercritical threshold is largely affected.

}, author = {F.S. OUESLATI and R. BENNACER and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. EL-CAFSI} } @article {1691, title = { Cyclic and monotonic responses of double shear single dowelled timber connections made of hardwood species: Experimental investigations }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {132}, year = {2017}, pages = {188-195}, abstract = {

This paper presents experimental investigations on monotonic and cyclic behaviours of hardwood timber joints. Two sets of connections have been tested: double shear single dowelled timber-to-timber and slotted-in steel plate-to-timber joints. Three wood species have been considered: two hardwood species, namely beech and oak, and spruce for comparison purpose. Both monotonic and cyclic performances of joints have been evaluated and compared to the corresponding values calculated based on the Eurocode 5. The obtained results show clearly the potential interest and performances of hardwood structural joints for high load bearing capacity, as compared to their equivalent softwood joints. The obtained results showed also that the predictions of the European Yield Model regarding the load-carrying capacity penalize the joints made of hardwood species.

}, author = {M. OUDJENE and V.D. TRAN and M. KHELIFA} } @article {1664, title = { Effect of heat processing on thermal stability and antioxidant activity of six flavonoids }, journal = { JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION }, volume = {41}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

The objective of this paper is on the one hand to study the effect of heat processing (30 to 130 degrees C for 2 h) on the stability and antioxidant activity of six flavonoids (rutin, naringin, eriodictyol, mesquitol, luteolin, and luteolin 7-O glucoside), and on the other hand to establish the relation structure-activity-stability of these compounds. The dependency on temperature of the six kinetics was well described by the Arrhenius law and the main parameters provided by this model are determined and compared in this paper. Activation energies found were 107.3 kJ/mol for rutin, 100.6 for naringin, 33.3 for mesquitol, 68.2 for eriodictyol, 51.4 for luteolin, and 120 for luteolin 7-O-glucoside. The data collected showed that glycosylated flavonoids are more resistant than aglycon flavonoids to heat treatment. Moreover, it was also observed that despite the total degradation of some flavonoids, the treated solutions still have an antioxidant activity.

Practical applicationFlavonoids are mainly consumed in processed foods. Thus, flavonoids often undergo heat processing. Knowing the thermal stability and the evolution of their antioxidant activity are particularly relevant in the field of food processing. The results of this study allow information to be collected on the relationship between heat stability-flavonoid structure and antioxidant activity. This information will be useful for the formulation of new food products or for the design of new food processes.

}, author = {H. CHAABAN and I. IOANNOU and L. CHEBIL and M. SLIMANE and C. GERARDIN and C. PARIS and C. CHARBONNEL and L. CHEKIR and M. GHOUL} } @article {1695, title = { The effect of soda bagasse lignin modified by ionic liquids on properties of the urea-formaldehyde resin as a wood adhesive }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {93}, year = {2017}, pages = {914-925}, abstract = {

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of lignin modified by ionic liquids on physical and mechanical properties of plywood panels bonded with the urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. For this purpose, soda bagasse lignin was modified by the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][OAc]) ionic liquid and then the various contents of unmodified and modified lignins (10, 15, and 20\%) were added at pH=7 instead of second urea during the UF resin synthesis. The physicochemical properties of the prepared resins as well as the water absorption, shear strength, and formaldehyde emission of the plywood panels made with these adhesives were measured according to standard methods. According to Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometry, by treatment of lignin, the C=O, C-C, and C-H bonds decrease while the content of the C-N bond dramatically increases. Based on the finding of this research, the performance of soda bagasse lignin in UF resins dramatically improves by modification by ILs; as the resins with modified lignin yielded lower formaldehyde emission and water absorption when compared to those made from unmodified lignin and commercial UF adhesives, respectively. The shear strength as well as wood failure percentages are lower for the panels produced with modified lignin than for the panels produced with UF resins alone.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599537}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI and A. HONARBAKHSH-RAOUF and F. NEMATI} } @article {1706, title = { Environmentally friendly wood adhesives based on chestnut (Castanea sativa) shell tannins }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {89-100}, abstract = {

The aim of this work was the formulation of adhesives for particleboards based on tannins extracted from industrial lignocellulosic wastes, namely chestnut shell, chestnut bur and eucalyptus bark. The interest was centred on the possibility of completely removing formaldehyde from adhesive formulations. For this, hardener alternatives to formaldehyde were used: tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane (TRIS), glyoxal (GLY) and hexametilentetramine (HEX). The influence of the type and concentration of the hardener and pH on adhesive gel time and pot-life were studied. A comparative structural characterization of the adhesives was performed by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Thermomechanical analyses (TMA) tests were carried out as an indication of the final strength of the adhesive systems. Particleboards type 2 of interior use (EN 312) were manufactured with adhesives based on chestnut shell tannins alone or mixed with chestnut bur/or eucalyptus bark tannins. Free-formaldehyde was determined, and boards were prepared with TRIS, GLY and HEX tannin adhesives were classified as E0.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599581}, author = {J. SANTOS and G. ANTORRENA and M.S. FREIRE and A. PIZZI and J. GONZALEZ-ALVAREZ} } @article {1669, title = { Experimental study of green walls impacts on buildings in summer and winter under an oceanic climate }, journal = { ENERGY AND BUILDINGS }, volume = {150}, year = {2017}, pages = {403-411}, abstract = {

This article presents the results obtained an experiment carried out to measure the thermal impacts of green walls on buildings. The experiment deals with full monitoring of a green wall set up on a scaled down experimental mockup of buildings located in La Rochelle city. Results underline the positive effect of green walls in summer and show moderate reduction of heat losses in winter. The distinction made between measured heat gains and heat losses through the compared facades helps to apprehend the energy impact of the envelopes greening. Besides, we analyzed through experimental observations the dynamic behavior of the green wall system, and we highlighted the importance of such an experimental model to take into account the vertical hygrothermal effects. The primary objective is better understanding of the thermohydric behavior and the energy impact of green walls by direct comparison between data recorded simultaneously on different configurations of buildings and streets with and without use green walls. Measurements of temperature, humidity and heat fluxes through facades with and without greening provide valuable data to assess performances of this technique, to analyze the thermal effects, and finally this gives data for further numerical studies.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01690569}, author = {R. DJEDJIG and R. BELARBI and E. BOZONNET} } @article {1685, title = { Fast Pyrolysis of Heartwood, Sapwood, and Bark: A Complementary Application of Online Photoionization Mass Spectrometry and Conventional Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry }, journal = { ENERGY \& FUELS }, volume = {31}, year = {2017}, pages = {4078-4089}, abstract = {

Wood offers important potential for biofuel or chemical production by fast pyrolysis but exhibits variable chemical composition that impacts pyrolysis product composition. Here, fast pyrolysis of heartwood, sapwood, and bark isolated from Douglas fir (softwood) and oak (hardwood) was studied by a microfluidized bed reactor (MFBR) combined with single photoionization mass spectrometry (SPI-MS) to provide insights into the wood zone effects on the composition of pyrolysis volatiles. The difference in pyrolysis volatile composition has been clearly unraveled by principle component analysis (PCA) based on the major ions detected by SPI-MS. Some specific product markers have been defined for each wood zone (heartwood, sapwood, and bark) and related to the chemical composition of wood samples (lignin, carbohydrates, and minerals). The catalytic effect of minerals (notably potassium) has a higher impact on carbohydrate decomposition than on lignin decomposition for a given wood type. Therefore, sapwood and heartwood (for both oak and Douglas fir) can be clearly discriminated by specific markers mainly from carbohydrate pyrolysis. Interestingly, our results show that the wood cylinders exhibit a more marked wood zone effect on product compositions compared to fine powders. SPI-MS results were further compared to those of, pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), and many of them are consistent. MFBR combined with SPI-MS is a selective analytical technique to figure out the effect of wood composition on pyrolysis volatiles.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01923645}, author = {L.Y. JIA and F. BUENDIA-KANDIA and S. DUMARCAY and H. POIROT and G. MAUVIEL and P. GERARDIN and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1675, title = { Finite element analysis of heat transfer through timber elements exposed to fire }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {143}, year = {2017}, pages = {11-21}, abstract = {

Since timber is a combustible material, its safe use in construction will depend on a proper knowledge and modelling of the physical and chemical reactions involved in the pyrolysis, that affect the temperature growth and thus the performance of timber in fire. Based on the comprehensive one-dimensional analytical models of the pyrolysis available in the literature, it is required to implement a predictive FE model via a user-defined subroutine in the dedicated commercial software in order to describe more closely the real physical phenomena that undergo timber exposed to fire. This paper presents the implementation of the UMATHT subroutine in the Abaqus software. The obtained results showed a fairly good agreement with experimental ones from the literature. However, at this stage of the study the pyrolysis is taken into account implicitly in the developed UMATHT through gradually modified thermo-physical properties of the timber, as commonly adopted in the published literature. Work is now in progress to implement explicitly the different reactions of the pyrolysis in the developed UMATHT.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521755/}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1674, title = { Fire-resistant tannin-ethylene glycol gels working as rubber springs with tuneable elastic properties }, journal = { JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A }, volume = {5}, year = {2017}, pages = {14720-14732}, abstract = {

Fire-resistant elastic materials made from tannin, a natural polyphenol extracted from tree barks, and having the appearance and the consistence of rubber are described. They can be produced in any dimension and with any shape based on a quite simple protocol, only consisting in mixing tannin, water and ethylene glycol, in the presence of a low amount of p-toluene sulphonic acid. After curing at 85 degrees C in an oven and subsequent drying, black elastic blocks are recovered whose mechanical properties can be easily adjusted from the proportions of the ingredients, especially with the amount of ethylene glycol acting as plasticiser. As a result, materials from extra-soft to hard can be obtained. Their retardant performance towards fire is demonstrated, a well-known feature of phenolic compounds here observed for the first time with an elastic material. Physicochemical analyses are performed and explain the chemistry behind the performances of these new biosourced materials.

}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and G. AMARAL-LABAT and L.I. GRISHECHKO and A. SANCHEZ-SANCHEZ and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1681, title = { Ionic liquids as enhancers of urea-glyoxal panel adhesives as substitutes for urea-formaldehyde resins }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {481-483}, abstract = {

Acid ionic liquids are used as hardeners of urea-glyoxal adhesives to enhance them to a level sufficient enough for substituting urea-formaldehyde adhesives used in wood panels.

}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1700, title = { Isocyanate-Free Polyurethanes by Coreaction of Condensed Tannins with Aminated Tannins }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {5}, year = {2017}, pages = {21-29}, abstract = {

Isocyanate-free polyurethane resins biosourced to a very high percentage level were prepared by the reaction of aminated mimosa tannin extract with commercial mimosa tannin extract prereacted with dimethyl carbonate. The reaction took place with ease at ambient temperature. Indications were that the polyurethanes obtained formed a hard film when cured at a temperature higher than 100 degrees C. Furthermore, the carbohydrate fraction of the tannin extract also appeared to be carbonated and reacted to generate isocyanate-free polyurethane linkages with the aminated tannins. This indicated that not only the polyphenolic fraction of the tannin extract, but also its other major component, can be used to prepare polyurethane resins. Flavonoid monomers and oligomers carbonated at different levels, both unreacted and urethane-linked to aminated flavonoid monomers and oligomers, were identified by FTIR and MALDI-TOF spectrometry.

}, author = {M. THEBAULT and A. PIZZI and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and F.M. AL-MARZOUKI and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1666, title = { Knot extractives: a model for analysing the eco-physiological factors that control the within and between-tree variability }, journal = { TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION }, volume = {31}, year = {2017}, pages = {1619-1633}, abstract = {

Abies alba knot extractive concentration increase from tree tip to living crown base and from tight to loose knot parts. The fitted model is proposed for further eco-physiological studies.

The physiological and ecological mechanisms controlling the knot richness in extractives require further investigations. We aim to design a model of the vertical distribution of the knot extractive concentrations as a prerequisite for further studies on the eco-physiological studies. At a first attempt, we use this model to test the effect of different competition situations. Fifteen Silver fir trees were sampled according to their social status within three thinning treatments. Discs containing knots were sampled according to their position in reference to the lowest living branch of each tree. Extractions were carried out with hexane and acetone successively. Extractive concentrations in both solvents as well as branch diameters were simultaneously modelled through the seemingly unrelated regression method. For all trees, knot extractive concentrations increase from the tree tip to the living crown base. According to the model, trees with the longest crowns, dominant or/and growing in the thinned stands, exhibited the largest knot extractive concentrations. The model depicted a vertical trend that strongly suggested inducing physiological factors such as protection zone, branch heartwood formation combined with compression wood formation. A strategy was proposed for the quantification of the effect of the ecological factors on the extractive concentrations of knots when these factors act either directly or indirectly via physiological factors. The model is thus an efficient tool to quantify the eco-physiological control on knot extractives.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01611443/}, author = {Z. KEBBI-BENKEDER and R. MANSO and P. GERARDIN and S. DUMARCAY and B. CHOPARD and F. COLIN} } @article {1707, title = { MALDI-TOF, C-13 NMR and FTIR analysis of the cross-linking reaction of condensed tannins by triethyl phosphate }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {95}, year = {2017}, pages = {621-631}, abstract = {

Reaction of condensation and cross-linking of catechin monomer as a model of condensed (flavonoid) tannin extracts and of mimosa tannin itself, as well as of resorcinol with triethyl phosphate (TEP) have been investigated. FTIR, solid state CP-MAS C-13 NMR, P-31 NMR and MALDI-ToF spectroscopy studies revealed that reaction occurs mainly on the C3 of the flavonoid heterocycle ring and on the aromatic C4\&$\#$39; and C5\&$\#$39; carbons of the flavonoids B-ring, while TEP does not appear to react on the A-ring. A difference in the relative proportions of these two reaction sites for tannin and catechin has been noticed. The reactions appear to be dependent on the temperature. According to the thermogravimetric analysis, materials obtained from the reaction of tannin with TEP showed high thermal stability.

}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and J.P. MARIS and L. DELMOTTE and B. COLIN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1671, title = { Mechanical behaviour of pre-stressed spruce timber-timber 2.5-mm-step grooved connections under shearing tests }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {719-727}, abstract = {

A smart shear connection system was tested in order to be used in manufactured elements of a lattice of wooden slats and a cross offset. This type of floor element can present advantages both in terms of weight and suitable insulating filler (Adalberth et al. 2001; Kawasaki and Kawai 2006; Kermani and Hairstans 2006; Dodoo et al. 2014). This connection is made to provide a substitute for a glue connection. The shear connection proposed is made by double-sided grooving timber interfaces to form a cross section. A specifically designed test assembly was constructed to measure and guarantee homogeneous contact pressure in interface test specimens. Shear test results are presented and compared in terms of capacity and stiffness with glue connections. The principal conclusions are as follows: the allowable shearing resistance of the grooved timber-timber joints can approximately reach the resistance of glued connections. The stiffness of the joints is improved by increasing the pre-stress applied for holding contact in the assembly. The grooved timber-to-timber joints exhibit non-linear behaviour which dominates the behaviour of the whole system. Therefore, the behaviour of a unit connection must be determined to obtain the mean load-carrying capacity and stiffness of a system with grooved connections.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02176944}, author = {S. GIRARDON and J.F. BOCQUET} } @article {1683, title = { Mechanical properties of model vitreous carbon foams }, journal = {CARBON}, volume = {116}, year = {2017}, pages = {562-571}, abstract = {

The present paper deals with the relations between structural and physical properties of model vitreous carbon foams, i.e., presenting different porous structures in terms of bulk density, cell size and connectivity, while having the same composition and the same carbon texture. Herein, their mechanical properties were investigated through a comparative analysis of samples either with or without rigid plates glued to their opposite faces and submitted to quasi-static compression. Both methods led to the same values of compressive strength, which followed the Gibson and Ashby (G\&A) equation for open-cell foams. The compressive modulus of both reticulated foams and cellular foams tested without plates only depended on the density and also followed the relation of G\&A for open-cell foams. For cellular foams with plates, the relation of G\&A for closed-cell foams applied with different values of phi, which is the percentage of solid only contained in the struts. Usually, only two types of foams are considered but it was highlighted here that a third type is of great interest: the semi-open-cell foams, which can be optimised through the values of both relative density and phi.

}, author = {M. LETELLIER and C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and M. KHELIFA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1704, title = { MODELING AND SIMULATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL INDIRECT SOLAR DRYER FOR IROKO WOOD (Chlorophora excelsa) IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {19}, year = {2017}, pages = {95-112}, abstract = {

This paper presents a modeling of an instrumental indirect solar wood dryer less expensive functioning in a Cameroonian climate applied to the climate of Yaounde. The dryer is easy to build and electric energy is only used for the fan. Applications are done on Iroko wood (Chlorophora excelsa), a tropical wood 50mm thick most utilized in Africa. A satisfactory agreement between experimental and numerical results was found. Influences of thickness, wood initial water content and airflow rate were studied.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521823/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and A. ZOULALIAN and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and B. BONOMA} } @article {1676, title = { Modelling mechanical properties of spruce and Douglas fir timber by means of X-ray and grain angle measurements for strength grading purpose }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {527-541}, abstract = {

This study proposes a model using data from a scanner (X-ray and grain angle measurements) to perform strength grading. The research also includes global measurements of modulus of elasticity (obtained by vibrations and ultrasound methods), static bending stiffness and bending strength of 805 boards of Douglas fir and 437 boards of spruce. This model can be used in an industrial context since it requires low computational time. The results of this study show that the developed model gives better results than the global non-destructive measurements of the elastic modulus commonly used in the industry. It also shows that this improvement is particularly higher in the case of Douglas fir than for spruce. The comparison has been made on both the quality of the mechanical properties assessment and on the improvement of the grading process according to the European standards by using different index.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01530963}, author = {J. VIGUIER and D. BOURREAU and J.F. BOCQUET and G. POT and L. BL{\'E}RON and J.D. LANVIN} } @article {1660, title = { Modification of oil palm fronds lignin by incorporation of m-cresol for improving structural and antioxidant properties }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {104}, year = {2017}, pages = {251-260}, abstract = {

Lignin extracted from oil palm fronds (OPF) underwent chemical modification by incorporating m-cresol into the lignin matrix. This study reports on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of unmodified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolvlignin (AH EOL) and the modified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin (AHC EOL). The lignin samples were analyzed by FFIR, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, 2D NMR: HSQC spectroscopy, CHN analysis, molecular weight distribution analysis; GPC and thermal analysis; DSC and TGA. The lignin modification has reduced the hydrophobicity of its complex structure by providing better quality lignin with smaller fragments and higher solubility rate in water (D-AHCEOL.: 42\%\> D-AHEOL: 25\%). It was revealed that the modification of lignin has improved their structural and antioxidant properties, thus venture their possible applications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01765057}, author = {N.A. SA{\textquoteright}DON and A.A. RAHIM and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and N. BROSSE and M.H. HUSSIN} } @article {1682, title = { Moisture sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties of Oak wood (Quercus robur and Quercus canariensis): optimization of the processing parameters }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {53}, year = {2017}, pages = {1541-1552}, abstract = {

The aim of this paper was to determine the moisture desorption isotherms and essentials thermodynamic properties of two Oak wood varieties. Desorption isotherms were measured using a static gravimetric method at 50, 60, 70 and 80 degrees C within the range of 5-90 \% relative humidity. The equilibrium moisture content decreased with increasing temperature and decreased with decreasing relative humidity at a constant temperature. The \&$\#$39;Thermodynamic\&$\#$39; sorption equation was found to be the best for describing the experimental moisture sorption isotherms of woods within the range of temperature and water activity investigated. The Fiber saturation point, deduced from the \&$\#$39;Thermodynamic\&$\#$39; model parameters, depends on the temperature and varying from 22.6 to 54.4 (\% kg water/kg dry matter). Isosteric heat of desorption and differential entropy were calculated by applying Clausius-Clapeyron equation to the desorption data fitted by the \&$\#$39;Thermodynamic\&$\#$39; model. The isosteric heat of desorption and the differential entropy decreased with increasing moisture content according to an exponential law equation and varying from 2.03 to 31.14 kJ/mol and from 73.98 to 4.34 J/(mol K), respectively. The linear relationship between differential enthalpy and entropy satisfied the enthalpy-entropy compensation theory. The sign of Gibbs free energy was found to be positive (+283 J/mol) and (+97 J/mol) for Quercus robur and Quercus canariensis, respectively. The isokinetic temperature was found to be greater than the harmonic temperature. Based on the enthalpy-entropy compensation theory, it could be concluded that the moisture desorption isotherm of Oak wood is a non-spontaneous and enthalpy-controlled process.

}, author = {R. BAHAR and S. AZZOUZ and R. REMOND and S. OUERTANI and M.T. ELAIEB and M.A. EL-CAFCI} } @article {1673, title = { A Multitechnique Characterization of Lignin Softening and Pyrolysis }, journal = { ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY \& ENGINEERING }, volume = {5}, year = {2017}, pages = {6940-6949}, abstract = {

The understanding of lignin softening and pyrolysis is important for developing lignocellulosic biorefinery in order to produce carbon fibers, polymers additives, green aromatics, or biofuels. Protobind lignin (produced by soda pulping of a wheat straw) was characterized by thermogravimetry, calorimetry (for glass transition temperature and heat of pyrolysis reactions), in situ H-1 NMR (for the analysis of the mobility of protons upon lignin thermal conversion), and solution-state C-13 and P-31 NMR (determination of functional groups in lignin). In situ rheology reveals the real-time viscoelastic behavior of lignin as a function of temperature. Upon heating, lignin undergoes softening, through glass transition overlapped with depolymerization, and is followed by the solidification of the softened material by cross-linking reactions. The lignin residues were quenched within the rheometer at the midpoint temperatures of softening and solidification regions and were further analyzed by elemental analysis, GPC-UV of acetylated THE soluble fractions, FTIR, solid C-13 NMR, and laser desorption ionization (LDI) combined with very high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). We present the first report on lignin biochars analysis by LDI-HRMS. NMR and FTIR analyses provide the evolution of functional moieties in lignin residues. C-13 NMR, GPC-UV, and LDI FTICRMS analyses depict the depolymerization mechanism combined with cross-linking and demethoxylation reactions. An overall physical and chemical mechanism for the thermal conversion of alkali lignin is proposed based on these complementary analyses.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01575541}, author = {B. SHRESTHA and Y. LE-BRECH and T. GHISLAIN and S. LECLERC and V. CARRE and F. AUBRIET and S. HOPPE and P. MARCHAL and S. PONTVIANNE and N. BROSSE and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1701, title = { New Closed- and Open-Cell, Aldehyde-Free Protein Foams }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {5}, year = {2017}, pages = {48-53}, abstract = {

New aldehyde-free and isocyanate-free biofoams have been obtained by reacting albumin chicken egg white and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The optimized formulations yielded lightweight foams whose densities were evaluated as 0.016-0.16 g/cm(3). Mechanical resistance was 0.023-0.34 MPa and residual pH nearly neutral. The new foams presented up to 57\% of closed cells as measured by helium pycnometry and good thermal insulation. These new natural foams are environmentally friendly materials and show very promising properties.

}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI} } @article {1702, title = { A novel fiber-veneer-laminated composite based on tannin resin }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {93}, year = {2017}, pages = {461-467}, abstract = {

Natural nonwoven fiber was impregnated with a tannin resin and laminated with wood veneer for preparation of laminated composites. The tannin resin used showed a good compatibility with the natural fiber, and was easy to assemble with the wood veneers. The tannin resin penetration into the wood veneer was observed by light microscopy. The laminated composite shows very good mechanical properties and water resistance. Shear force-displacement testing demonstrates that the laminated composite had a ductile behavior under wet testing conditions. The laminated composite was prepared using 100\% natural biorenewable raw materials and had good properties compared to conventional plywood bonded with synthetic resin.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599582}, author = {X. ZHOU and C. SEGOVIA and U.H. ABDULLAH and A. PIZZI and G. DU} } @article {1699, title = { NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF HEAT, AIR, AND MOISTURE TRANSFERS IN A WOODEN BUILDING MATERIAL }, journal = { THERMAL SCIENCE }, volume = {21}, year = {2017}, pages = {785-795}, abstract = {

The present paper aims to predict the hygrothermal behavior of massive wood panel considered as bio-based building material. In this context, we developed a macroscopic model coupled no linear heat, air, and moisture transfers that incorporates simultaneously the effect of thermal diffusion and infiltration phenomenon on the building material. The model inputs parameters were evaluated experimentally according to the recognized standards of material\&$\#$39;s characterization. Therefore, numerous series of hygrothermal calculation were carried out on the 1-D and 2-D configuration in order to assess the dimensionless effect on such wooden material. Two types of boundary conditions were considered and examined. The first are at the material scale of wood drying process. The second type of conditions is at the wall scale, where the conditions of the building ambiance are considered. Moreover, the model sensitivity to the driving potentials coupling and to the parameters variability was considered and examined. It has been found that the coupling in the model had a remarkable impact on both kinetics of temperature and moisture content.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01684849}, author = {F. MNASRI and K. ABAHRI and M. EL-GANAOUI and R. BENNACER and S. GABSI} } @article {1678, title = { Numerical investigation of heat and momentum transfer to particles in high temperature thermal spraying }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {78}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

Numerical analysis has been performed on the motion of a spherical particle injected into high temperature thermal plasma flows in order to disclose the mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement and to establish reliable correlations for heat transfer between the plasma gas and the particle. In terms of fluid dynamics occurring, the Navier-Stokes equations were solved for Ar-H-2 mixture plasma gas in a two-dimensional system by finite element method (FEM). Computational simulation was undertaken to model the correlations for fine spherical particles in Ar 25\%-H-2 75\% as plasma gas from 1100 to 9100 K at atmospheric pressure. Our results reveal the general consensus of Nusselt number, followed by increasing deviations as the temperature increases. Additionally, a comparison between our data and the predictions of other published correlations are given.

}, author = {A. AISSA and M. EL-GANAOUI and M. SAHNOUN} } @article {1698, title = { A numerical study of indoor air quality in a ventilated room using different strategies of ventilation }, journal = { MECHANICS \& INDUSTRY }, volume = {18}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

This study aimed to numerically investigate the air flow and contaminant dispersion in a ventilated room. The URANS equations supplemented with energy and concentration equations are solved using the scStream code. We are targeting primarily the ventilation effectiveness (epsilon(c)) and the index of indoor air quality (I-IAQ). Different displacement and mixing ventilation modes are investigated in isothermal conditions. The ventilation flow rate is 50 m(3). h(-1) Here, our ultimate aim is to suggest an effective ventilation that can ensure a good indoor air quality. The RNG k - epsilon model was adopted to handle the turbulence. CFD simulations were systematically checked, whenever possible, through available results. The simulation results indicate that the ventilation effectiveness to remove a contaminant and the index of indoor air quality are substantially influenced by the ventilation mode and the location of inlet and outlet air. From this study, it appears that the air flow and contaminant dispersion in a ventilated room can be typically predicted or evaluated by computer simulations.

}, author = {L. KOUFI and Z. YOUNSI and Y. CHERIF and H. NAJI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1703, title = { Optimization of Wood Welding Parameters for Australian Hardwood Species }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {12}, year = {2017}, pages = {1007-1014}, abstract = {

Optimal linear wood welding parameters along the end-grain-to-end-grain faces were determined for Eucalyptus saligna, Eucalyptus pilularis, and Corymbia maculata. Joints made using Eucalyptus saligna showed a significant interaction between welding time ( WT), amplitude ( WA), and pressure ( WP). A preheating phase of 3 s at 0.4 MPa WP and 0.75 mm WA coupled with a WT of 2 s at 2.0 MPa WP and 1.5 mm WA provided the best shear strength results of 5.1 MPa. Joints made using Eucalyptus pilularis and Corymbia maculata snapped once the holding pressure was removed, suggesting that end-grain-to-end-grain welded fibers cannot withstand the thermal stresses generated when the surface to be welded is too small ( e. g., 13.5 cm(2)). However, grain orientation had a significant effect on the weld mechanical properties, as very strong edge-grain-to-edge-grain joints were produced with Eucalyptus pilularis and Corymbia maculata ( 9.5 and 6.2 MPa, respectively). The joints made of Eucalyptus saligna also showed significant improvement ( 7.3 MPa). Energy efficient combinations were usually those involving low WA and short WT, as WP had a marginal effect on energy consumption during the welding process.

}, author = {B. BELLEVILLE and S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and B. OZARSKA} } @article {1690, title = { Polycondensation Resins by Flavonoid Tannins Reaction with Amines }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

Reaction of a condensed flavonoid tannin, namely mimosa tannin extract with a hexamethylene diamine, has been investigated. For that purpose, catechin was also used as a flavonoid model compound and treated in similar conditions. Solid-state cross-polarisation/ magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C-13 NMR) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time of flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectroscopy studies revealed that polycondensation compounds leading to resins were obtained by the reaction of the amines with the phenolic hydroxy groups of the tannin. Simultaneously, a second reaction leading to the formation of ionic bonds between the two groups occurred. These new reactions have been shown to clearly lead to the reaction of several phenolic hydroxyl groups, and flavonoid unit oligomerisation, to form hardened resins.

}, author = {F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and L. DELMOTTE and A. CELZARD} } @article {1665, title = { Polycondensation Resins by Lignin Reaction with (Poly) amines }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {5}, year = {2017}, pages = {388-399}, abstract = {

The reaction of a desulphurized kraft lignin with hexamethylene diamine as a model of a polyamine has been investigated. For this purpose, guaiacol was also used as a lignin model compound and treated under similar conditions. Solid state CP-MAS C-13 NMR, FTIR and MALDI-TOF spectroscopy studies revealed that polycondensation compounds leading to resins were obtained by the reaction of the amines with the phenolic and aliphatic hydroxy groups of lignin. Simultaneously a second reaction leading to the formation of ionic bonds between the same groups occurred. These new reactions have been clearly shown to involve several phenolic and alcohol hydroxyl groups, as well as lignin units oligomerization, to form hardened resins.

}, author = {F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and L. DELMOTTE and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1668, title = { Predicting the beech wood decay and strength loss in-ground }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION \& BIODEGRADATION }, volume = {123}, year = {2017}, pages = {96-105}, abstract = {

In the context of reduction of CO2 emissions and costs in the construction industry, substitution of concrete by wood for foundation piles seems to be a promising alternative. To promote the use of local wood in pile foundation, diagnostic and prediction methodology of wood decay in soil need to be improved. Outdoor mesocosm decay experiments were performed to evaluate the potential use of beech wood as foundation piles. The stochastic occurrence of soil fungal inoculum in contact with mini-stakes and water gradient in wood explained the observed patchy wood decay pattern. Various patterns of wood rotting fungi were identified. The correlation between measured strength loss and mass loss was weak. Multivariate analyses using biochemical and physico-chemical data as inputs allowed section categorizations and prediction of wood strength. Accuracy of the prediction was validated by experimental measurement of the compression parallel to the grain (f(c),(o)).The categorization of unknown sections was computed by PLS-DA and provided clues inferring their service life. The described procedure has the potential to be transferred to on-site measurements to predict the f(c,o) of wood foundation pile or any potentially damaged timber structure.

}, author = {Q. KLEINDIENST and A. BESSERER and M.L. ANTOINE and C. PERRIN and J.F. BOCQUET and L. BL{\'E}RON} } @article {1670, title = { Preparation and characterization of bio resin natural tannin/poly (vinylidene fluoride): A high dielectric performance nano-composite for electrical storage }, journal = { CHEMICAL PHYSICS }, volume = {494}, year = {2017}, pages = {61-71}, abstract = {

We have prepared films of polymer nano-composite (PNC) of poly [vinylidene-fluoride] (PVDF) and bio resin natural tannin (BRNT) nanoparticles. The a and gamma electro-active phases were detected, and the addition of BRNT drastically increases the formation of the alpha-phase. Addition of BRNT produces up to 98\% of electro-active phases. Robust electrostatic interactions arise between charges at the BRNT-surfaces, and differences in electron affinity between CH2 and CF2 groups created dielectric dipoles. The addition of BRNT has not only enhanced the formation of the electrically active phases but also makes each dipole in the phase has its specific characteristics for example its own relaxation time. The AC-electrical permittivity showed that the dielectric constant of 10\% wt-BRNT nanoparticles in PVDF has a value 44 epsilon(0), which is four times more than the dielectric constant of the as-prepared PVDF films. These data show the importance of these polymers as easy, flexible, and durable energy storage materials.

}, author = {S. ABDALLA and A. PIZZI and M.A. AL-GHAMDI and R. ALWAFI} } @article {1692, title = { Preparation and structural characterisation of model cellular vitreous carbon foams }, journal = {CARBON}, volume = {112}, year = {2017}, pages = {208-218}, abstract = {

The aim the present work was to produce carbon foams with as different as possible porous structures but with similar composition and carbon texture for studying precisely the influence of different structural parameters such as density, cell size or interconnectivity on the physical properties of these foams. Over 60 different cellular carbon foams were obtained by pyrolysis of phenolic-furanic rigid foams, whose structure was tailored through some changes in the formulations. The structures of all of these materials were thoroughly characterised through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray microtomography. Both methods proved to give very consistent results, justifying the use of the simpler one, i.e., SEM. Very broad ranges of bulk densities (0.015 \<= d \<= 0.333 g cm(-3)) and of average cell diameters (100 \<= D \<= 5000 mu m) were obtained. Despite these very different morphologies, elemental analysis, helium pycnometry and Raman spectroscopy studies showed that the carbon constituting the foams can be considered as identical. The results presented here should be used as a basis for the most thorough and extensive studies of physical properties of vitreous carbon foams.

}, author = {M. LETELLIER and A. SZCZUREK and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and O. FERRY and A. CELZARD} } @article {1659, title = { Pretreatment of trace element-enriched biomasses grown on phytomanaged soils for bioethanol production }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {107}, year = {2017}, pages = {63-72}, abstract = {

Phytotechnologies are a set of sustainable, ecological options notably for alleviating pollutant linkages induced by contaminated soils. However, concerns exist regarding the processing of trace elements (TE)-enriched biomass and the fate of TEs in the end-products. The fractionation of phytoremediation TE-enriched non-woody lignocellulosic (tobacco) and woody (birch, willow) phytoremediation-borne biomasses was studied using ethanol organosolv, soda and dilute acid pretreatments. TE distribution in the process fractions (pulp, liquid effluents and lignin) was further examined. In dilute acid conditions, a wood pretreatment performed at 170 degrees C in the presence of 2\% w/w of sulfuric acid allowed an efficient extraction of the metals in the water effluent (approximate to 90\% for Mn and Zn) producing a clean pulp. A soda pretreatment resulted in a low metal extractability, especially at high temperature. At 170 degrees C or above with 15\% w/w of NaOH, metals were mostly recovered in the cellulosic pulp (70\%- 98\%). Using organosolv pulping, the TE contents were in the decreasing order: pulp \>\> water stream \> lignin. The TE organosolv extraction in the liquid phase varied depending on the TE metal and on the species but was generally low. Metal extractability increased with the water content in the solvent of the organosolv pulping but decreased with temperature. Enzymatic hydrolyses of TE-enriched and metal-free pulps were investigated and it was concluded that the TE concentrations had little or no effect on polysaccharide enzymatic hydrolysability by cellulases. The final destination of the various fractions for valorization in a biorefinery setting is discussed, regarding their TE content.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01538463}, author = {M. ASAD and Z. MENANA and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and V. BERT and M. CHALOT and R. HERZIG and M. MENCH and N. BROSSE} } @article {1663, title = { Removal of reactive dye (BEZAKTIV Red S-MAX) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from date palm rachis and jujube stones }, journal = { JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS }, volume = {243}, year = {2017}, pages = {799-809}, abstract = {

In this study, activated carbons were prepared from date palm rachis (RPK) and jujube stones (NJK), by-product agricultural wastes which have been tested for the elimination of reactive dye BEZAKTIV Red S-MAX (BRSM) from aqueous solutions by batch adsorption method. Both activated carbons were prepared using chemical activation by KOH as an impregnating agent (rate of KOH/biomass (w/w) of 0.74) at 800 degrees C in the presence of inert gas (N-2). RPK and NJK were characterized using BET, SEM, FTIR and Boehm titration mass. The results show that RPK possess the higher specific surface area (1160 m(2)/g). The effect of contact time, solution temperature and solution pH on the adsorption of BRSM dye were also studied. The experimental data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption capacities were calculated to be 12821 and 28.49 mg/g using RPK and NJK, respectively. The kinetic data were fitted to pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, elovich and intra-particle diffusion model. Thermodynamic parameters such as Delta G degrees, Delta H degrees and Delta S degrees were also estimated for the adsorption study and they were found to be spontaneous and endothermic processes. Desorption and regeneration study was made to test the viability of reusing the adsorbents. Lastly, it was found that RPK is efficient in dyes removal from real wastewater.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01644031}, author = {M. DAOUD and O. BENTURKI and Z. KECIRA and P. GIRODS and A. DONNOT} } @article {1684, title = { Renewable Polymeric Adhesives }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, author = {A. PIZZI} } @article {1688, title = { Resistance of thermally modified ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) wood under steam pressure against rot fungi, soil-inhabiting micro-organisms and termites }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {249-262}, abstract = {

Thermal modification processes have been developed to increase the biological durability and dimensional stability of wood. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of ThermoWood(A (R)) treatment intensity on improvement of wood decay resistance against soil-inhabiting micro-organisms, brown/white rots and termite exposures. All of the tests were carried out in the laboratory with two different complementary research materials. The main research material consisted of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) wood thermally modified at temperatures of 170, 200, 215 and 228 A degrees C. The reference materials were untreated ash and beech wood for decay resistance tests, untreated ash wood for soil bed tests and untreated ash, beech and pine wood for termite resistance tests. An agar block test was used to determine the resistance to two brown-rot and two white-rot fungi according to CEN/TS 15083-1 directives. Durability against soil-inhabiting micro-organisms was determined following the CEN/TS 15083-2 directives, by measuring the weight loss, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) after incubation periods of 24, 32 and 90 weeks. Finally, Reticulitermes santonensis species was used for determining the termite attack resistance by non-choice screening tests, with a size sample adjustment according to EN 117 standard directives on control samples and on samples which have previously been exposed to soil bed test. Thermal modification increased the biological durability of all samples. However, high thermal modification temperature above 215 A degrees C, represented by a wood mass loss (ML\%) due to thermal degradation of 20\%, was needed to reach resistance against decay comparable with the durability classes of \&$\#$39;\&$\#$39;durable\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; or \&$\#$39;\&$\#$39;very durable\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; in the soil bed test. The brown-rot and white-rot tests gave slightly better durability classes than the soil bed test. Whatever the heat treatment conditions are, thermally modified ash wood was not efficient against termite attack neither before nor after soft rot degradation.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02179527}, author = {K. CANDELIER and S. HANNOUZ and M.F. THEVENON and D. GUIBAL and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS and R. COLLET} } @article {1689, title = { Stability analysis of tannin-based foams using multiple light-scattering measurements }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {87}, year = {2017}, pages = {318-330}, abstract = {

Liquid foams were prepared by whipping aqueous solutions based on natural polyphenols, surfactant and crosslinker. The destabilisation mechanisms of such thick, opaque and viscous liquid foams were investigated for the first time with a light-scattering detection method using an optical analyser. The technique allowed separating processes such as drainage, coalescence and coarsening, and sedimentation, so that each of them could be investigated independently as a function of whipping time, surfactant amount, and temperature. The corresponding average bubble diameters could also be determined as a function of time. It was shown that this kind of optical analysis is quite relevant for optimising formulations and foaming conditions with the aim of recovering rigid foams after polymerisation, having a given homogeneous structure that might be useful for various applications such as thermal insulation or acoustic absorption.

}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and V. FIERRO and S. LI and A. PASC and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1686, title = { Stability and combustion of metal nano-particles and their additive impact with diesel and biodiesel on engine efficiency: A comprehensive study }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY }, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

Nano-fluids are described as a relatively new kind of colloidal solution with a particle size smaller than one billionth of a meter (1-100 nm) suspended in the base fluid so as to enhance the thermo-physical properties, which makes them an obvious choice for use in a number of commercial applications, including engineering, medical sciences, biotechnology, agriculture technology, and transportation. With the advancement in nanotechnology during the past few years, the scientific community focuses on improvising the combustion behavior, stability aspects, various engine performance parameters, and emission characteristics of conventional diesel engines using nano-particle laden diesel biodiesel fuel blends. Most recently, a few experimental works on the above issues using nano-sized metallic, non-metallic, organic, and mixed particles in the base liquid fuel for diesel engines have appeared in the open literature. The results obtained are very encouraging due to multifold enhancement in the thermo-physical and chemical properties of modified fuels, such as high surface to volume ratio, high reactive medium for combustion, enhanced heat and mass transport properties due to high thermal conductivity, and improvement in the flash point, fire point, pour point, etc., depending on the type of nano-particles used and their particle size and concentration with base fuels. Despite having all superiorities, somewhat unclear and contradictory results are found in the literature. Further, the experimental results of different researchers are not generalized so far as to reach a common consensus about this new approach of fuel modification. Keeping all these facts in mind, a serious attempt has been made to summarize important published work on combustion and stability aspects of nano-particle laden diesel, biodiesel fuels, and their blends and their overall effects on fuel and engine characteristics with the objective to provide a pathway to conduct further research in this area for utilizing the maximum potential of nanoparticle fuel emulsion technology and to provide a promising future fuel for diesel engines.

}, author = {S. ABDALLA and R. AL-WAFI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1696, title = { Study of the End-grain Butt Joints Obtained by Friction Welding of Moso Bamboo }, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {12}, year = {2017}, pages = {6446-6457}, abstract = {

End-grain-to-end-grain welding has been the object of considerable study in the authors\&$\#$39; laboratory, but successful experiments have been hindered by wood defibration. End-grain butt joints obtained by friction welding with moso bamboo showed relatively good experimental results compared to beech, oak, and spruce. The average compression shear strength of the welded joints reached 5.81 MPa, and the departure of the bamboo fibers could not be observed during the welding process. A study of the microstructure of the welded surface revealed that during the welding process, hard vascular bundles within the fibers became prominent on the welded surface and acted similarly to a brush. These bundles dissipated lateral friction and protected the bamboo from cracking in the process.

}, author = {H.Y. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X.N. LU and Z.Q. WANG} } @article {1687, title = { Tannin-boron complex as a preservative for 3-ply beech plywoods designed for humid conditions }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {71}, year = {2017}, pages = {249-258}, abstract = {

Boric acid (BA) effectively controls wood-rotting fungi and termite attack but is readily leached out in outdoor exposure. A newly developed tannin-boron (TB) complex has been investigated to reduce BA leaching and to preserve beech plywood from biological attack. Wood veneers were impregnated with different TB solutions and then bonded with a melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesive for bond class 2 applications. The formation of a solid hydrophobic TB network on the veneer surfaces partially decreased the tensile shear strength of plywood but the prepared panels met the requirements for bond class 2. The plywood samples made from veneers treated with only BA solutions showed fair resistance against white rot fungus and termite attack, but the durability decreased even after mild leaching tests. The panels made of treated veneers with TB formulations showed instead a high resistance against biological attack after mild leaching and to some extent after severe leaching tests. This depended on the concentration of tannin and BA in the solutions. Favorable results were obtained with 20\% tannin in the formulation. The results of the termites feeding choice test were more positive than those obtained by a forced feeding test. The control samples were attacked faster and showed higher weight loss when alternative samples included TB formulations.

}, author = {D. EFHAMISISI and M.F. THEVENON and Y. HAMZEH and A. PIZZI and A. KARIMI and K. POURTAHMASI} } @article {1705, title = { Thermal effects of an innovative green wall on building energy performance }, journal = { MECHANICS \& INDUSTRY }, volume = {18}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

Green walls and green roofs are innovative construction technologies involving the use environmentally friendly materials. In addition to their aesthetical and environmental benefits, green walls have significant thermal effects on buildings and heat islands within high-density urban areas. In this paper, we study the impact of an innovative green wall system on building energy performance. These green walls have specific composition and particular geometry that can lead to higher thermal performances and therefore more significant impact on building energy performance. The development, validation and prior integration of a hygrothermal green wall model in a transient building simulation tool make possible the assessment of the energy performance of buildings when covered by green walls. The used model was adapted to be the particular forms and composition of the studied green walls. In parallel, this type of green walls has been installed on a one tenth building mockup to be experimented. The aim of the experiment is to measure the thermal effects and to calibrate some parameters of the numerical model. The results highlight the thermal benefits of this kind of green walls in summer condition. They reduce annual energy demand of building up to 37\% for hot climates.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02113149/}, author = {R. DJEDJIG and M. EL-GANAOUI and R. BELARBI and R. BENNACER} } @article {1662, title = { USING A PARAMETRIC STUDY TO ANALYSE THE PERFORMANCE OF WOOD SOLAR DRYERS WITH GLAZED WALLS }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {19}, year = {2017}, pages = {463-470}, abstract = {

Parameters characterizing wood and air were studied in order to analyze the performance of a wood solar dryer functioning under Moroccan climate. A mathematical model based on the climate data of Rabat city was used to investigate theoretically the wood drying process. Two wood speciesthuya (Tetraclinis articulate) and pine (Pinus pinaster)-were examined in the present study. The results obtained by computer simulations are in good agreement with the experimental values. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the use of a global mass transfer coefficient for low temperature convective and homogenous drying conditions allows the influence of the principal operating parameters (wood thickness, wood density, air temperature, air velocity and ventilation mode) on the drying time to be estimated with great accuracy. Analyses pertaining to the two studied wood species revealed that(1) pine dries more quickly than thuya, (2) the drying process is faster in the summer relative to other seasons, (3) increasing the air velocity by 100\% results in a 20\% reduction in the drying time, and (4) continued ventilation reduces the drying time by 43\%.

}, author = {N. BEKKIOUI and A. ZOULALIAN and A. HAKAM and H. EZ-ZAHRAOUY} } @article {1694, title = { Water resistance of natural joint of spruce produced by linear friction welding without any treatment }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL WOOD PRODUCTS JOURNAL }, volume = {8}, year = {2017}, pages = {201-207}, abstract = {

This research work showed that spruce wood can be butt welded in a short time end-grain to-end-grain without any treatment. Wood welding has already been shown to be well adapted to the manufacture of wood structures of larger dimensions. When pressure increased, the welded material formed is of higher density and consequently the water resistance improved. The welded spruce samples present a much improved water resistance when the welding pressure was increased from 2.75 MPa to 3.75 MPa for the same welding time of 6 s. The welded interphase in end-grain-to-end-grain butt welding of spruce appears to occur by the formation of an interphase having the appearance of finger-joints. This is due to the different behaviours of the late and early wood rings of spruce during welding. This, by increasing the surface of contact, is shown to improve the water resistance of the original butt joint.

}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and B. BELLEVILLE and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1697, title = { Wind effect on full-scale design of heliostat with torque tube }, journal = { MECHANICS \& INDUSTRY }, volume = {18}, year = {2017}, abstract = {

Despite the importance of designing support structures for solar collectors, very little reliable work has been done to investigate the forces of the wind on heliostats of solar tower at real scale. Wind loads on heliostats are usually determined at low-speed wind tunnels scale, where the design full-scale Reynolds number cannot be reached. In the present study, measured data are used to validate the simulations at wind tunnel scale. Thereafter, by using the same method, three-dimensional numerical simulations of turbulent wind flow around a big heliostat of solar tower are performed. The obtained numerical results are presented for several elevation angles at normal operation and stow position. The results revealed that the known stow position (when the backside of the heliostat is facing the ground) is not the optimum position (other optimum elevation angles are discovered) especially with high wind speed, and the effect of torque tube is significant on heliostat mean wind loads.

}, author = {M. MAMMAR and S. DJOUIMAA and A. HAMIDAT and S. BAHRIA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1644, title = { Acid Ionic Liquids as a New Hardener in Urea-Glyoxal Adhesive Resins }, journal = { POLYMERS }, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

The effect of acidic ionic liquid (IL) as a new catalyst on the properties of wood-based panels bonded with urea-glyoxal (UG) resins was investigated. Different levels of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone hydrogen sulfate ([HNMP] HSO4 (0, 1, 2, 3 wt \%)) were added to prepared UG resin. The resin was then used for preparing laboratory particleboard panels. Then, the properties of the prepared panels were evaluated. The structure of the prepared UG resin was studied by C-13 NMR, and thermal curing behavior of the resin before and after the addition of IL was measured by DSC. Additionally, the main oligomers formed in the UG reaction were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectroscopy. The results indicated that IL can be used as an efficient catalyst for UG resin. The physicochemical tests indicated that the addition of [HNMP] HSO4 from 0 to 3 wt \% decreased the pH value of the glue-mix, and the pH decreased on curing to the same level as urea-formaldehyde resins. The gel accelerated with increasing catalyst content and with the decreasing of the pH in the UG resin. The panels prepared with IL had higher mechanical strength and dimensional stability compared to those made from UG resins containing NH4Cl. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs showed that the panels prepared with ionic liquid presented low porous. DSC analysis showed that the addition of IL to the UG resin decrease the energy of activation of the curing reaction to render possible cross-linking. The MALDI TOF results indicated a preponderant linearity of the oligomers formed, implying a high energy of activation of curing for UG resins.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599588}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1643, title = { Advances on indirect methods to evaluate tool wear for Radiata pine solid wood molding }, journal = {WEAR}, volume = {350-351}, year = {2016}, pages = {27-34}, abstract = {

The final quality of solid wood molding depends on several factors, where the choice of cutting conditions and consequently the tool performance are key points when processing this type of material because tool wear affects physical-chemical and thermodynamic behavior of the surface submitted to coating. One of the main problems at the production line is to achieve an adequate monitoring system of the cutting process to prevent and detect operational problems or loss of productivity. The objective of this research is to evaluate results from two different control process methods, such as sound pressure and electrical current measurement submitted during different cutting conditions and to determine the cutting distance increase, as innovative methods to estimate tool wear when appearance grade products are being produced.

}, author = {A. AGUILERA and P.J. MEAUSOONE and A. ROLLERI and J.L. BARROS and F. BURGOS and C. AGUILAR} } @article {1641, title = { Analysis and Testing of Bisphenol A-Free Bio-Based Tannin Epoxy-Acrylic Adhesives }, journal = { POLYMERS }, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

A tannin-based epoxy acrylate resin was prepared from glycidyl ether tannin (GET) and acrylic acid. The influence of the reaction condition for producing tannin epoxy acrylate was studied by FT-MIR, C-13-NMR, MALDI-TOF spectroscopy and shear strength. The best reaction conditions for producing tannin epoxy acrylate resin without bisphenol A was by reaction between GET and acrylic acid in the presence of a catalyst and hydroquinone at 95 degrees C for 12 h. FT-MIR, C-13-NMR and MALDI-TOF analysis have confirmed that the resin has been prepared under these conditions. The joints bonded with this resin were tested for block shear strength. The results obtained indicated that the best strength performance was obtained by the bioepoxy-acrylate adhesive resin prepared at 95 degrees C for a 12-h reaction.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599584}, author = {S. JAHANSHAHI and A. PIZZI and A. ABDULKHANI and A. SHAKERI} } @article {1613, title = { Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials of Retama Sphaerocarpa. }, journal = { RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES }, volume = {7}, year = {2016}, pages = {219-226}, abstract = {

The present work studies the antioxidant activities and antimicrobial properties of the aerial part of Retama sphaerocarpa. The secondary metabolites (polyphenols) were extracted using different solvents: chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. In each fraction, total polyphenols and flavonoids were respectively quantified using Folin-Ciocalteu test and aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The concentration of polyphenols was higher in the chloroform extract (121.4 +/- 0.3 mg GAE/g), than in n-butanol extract (111.7 +/- 0.1 mg GAE/g) and ethyl acetate extract (73.0 +/- 0.4 mgGAE/g). The evaluation of flavonoids content also showed a high value of flavonoid in chloroform extract (20.9 +/- 0.2 mg QE /g DM), whereas the ethyl acetate and the n-butanol extracts of Retama sphaerocarpa leaves contained similar quantity of flavonoids with 16.5+/- 0.8 mg QE /g DM and 15.3+/- 0.7 mg QE/g DM, respectively. The obtained extracts of R. sphaerocarpa were also evaluated for their antioxidant activities using DPPH radical-scavenging method. The three extracts (i. e. chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts) showed very high free radical scavenging activity: 73 +/- 0.8, 75.6 +/- 1.9 and 81.5 +/- 0.3 (\%), respectively. We also investigated the antimicrobial activities of the three extracts using the disc diffusion method. Each of the three extracts were active against Bacillus sp.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/LRGP-UL/hal-01620277}, author = {A. BENAISSA and R. CHERFIA and L. CANABADY-ROCHELLE and D. PERRIN and P. CHAIMBAULT and M. BOUHELASSA and N.K. CHAOUCHE} } @article {1625, title = { Automotive brake pads made with a bioresin matrix }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {85}, year = {2016}, pages = {372-381}, abstract = {

By using biosourced raw materials such as condensed tannins and furfuryl alcohol a biosourced thermoset resin was developed and used and tested for a new application: as a resin matrix of automotive brake pads. The manufacturing procedure developed is particularly easy. Automotive brake pads based on this green resin were characterized and showed excellent braking properties and wear resistance when used under real car, full scale test conditions. Their mechanical resistance was found to be comparable to that of commercial automotive brake pads bonded with synthetic phenolic resins. They tolerated well the severe stresses induced by a strong braking like an emergency braking: 50 km/h (31 mph) until complete standstill and showed braking distances comparable or shorter than commercial brake pads.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599596}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and L. HAI and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and L. DELMOTTE and S. ABDALLA and A. ZAHED and F.M. AL-MARZOUKI} } @article {1657, title = { The capability of ultrafiltrated alkaline and organosolv oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fronds lignin as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution }, journal = { MEASUREMENT }, volume = {78}, year = {2016}, pages = {90-103}, abstract = {

The inhibitive effect of ultrafiltrated oil palm fronds (OPF) lignins on the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution has been investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and weight loss measurement. The presence of smaller lignin fractions reduces remarkably the corrosion rate of mild steel. The highest corrosion inhibition efficiency for all ultrafiltrated lignins were attained at maximum concentration of 500 ppm (IEP.Soda: 87\% \> IEP.Organosolv: 83\% \> IEP.Kraft: 81\%). The results from this corrosion test clearly reveal that all ultrafiltrated lignins behaved as a mixed-type inhibitor with predominant anodic (organosolv lignin) or cathodic (alkaline lignin) effectiveness. It was deduced that the inhibition process was spontaneous and the inhibitors were mainly physically adsorbed onto the mild steel surface.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and N. BROSSE} } @article {1596, title = { Catalytic gasification of biomass (Miscanthus) enhanced by CO2 sorption }, journal = { ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, pages = {22253-22266}, abstract = {

The main objective of this work concerns the coupling of biomass gasification reaction and CO2 sorption. The study shows the feasibility to promote biomass steam gasification in a dense fluidized bed reactor with CO2 sorption to enhance tar removal and hydrogen production. It also proves the efficiency of CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine bi-functional materials to reduce heavy tar production. Experiments have been carried out in a fluidized bed gasifier using steam as the fluidizing medium to improve hydrogen production. Bed materials consisting of CaO-based oxide for CO2 sorption (CaO-Ca12Al14O33) deposited on olivine for tar reduction were synthesized, their structural and textural properties were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) methods, and the determination of their sorption capacity and stability analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It appears that this CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine sorbent/catalyst presents a good CO2 sorption stability (for seven cycles of carbonation/decarbonation). Compared to olivine and Fe/olivine in a fixed bed reactor for steam reforming of toluene chosen as tar model compound, it shows a better hydrogen production rate and a lower CO2 selectivity due to its sorption on the CaO phase. In the biomass steam gasification, the use of CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine as bed material at 700 A degrees C leads to a higher H-2 production than olivine at 800 A degrees C thanks to CO2 sorption. Similar tar concentration and lighter tar production (analyzed by HPLC/UV) are observed. At 700 A degrees C, sorbent addition allows to halve tar content and to eliminate the heaviest tars.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01518102}, author = {I. ZAMBONI and M. DEBAL and M. MATT and P. GIRODS and A. KIENNEMANN and Y. ROGAUME and C. COURSON} } @article {1600, title = { Characterization of biomass char formation investigated by advanced solid state NMR }, journal = { CARBON }, volume = {108}, year = {2016}, pages = {165-177}, abstract = {

Char is produced during pyrolysis of biomass and it could be valorised as soil amendment, activated carbon or to produce syngas or heat by further oxidation. The mechanisms of biochars formation have to be better understood in order to tailor their properties. For this purpose, the pyrolysis of biomass was conducted in a fixed bed reactor allowing a good control of pyrolysis conditions. Miscanthus and the macromolecules extracted from this same biomass (holocellulose, cellulose, ethanol organosolv lignin) were pyrolysed to various final temperatures (200-500 degrees C). The chemical moieties formed in the chars were studied by solid state C-13 NMR. A Cross Polarization method at the Magic Angle Spinning with Adiabatic Passage though Hartmann-Hahn conditions (CP/MAS APHH) has been found to give similar spectra than the Direct Polarization quantitative method in much shorter acquisition times. A quantitative study on the formation of aromatic structures in the network of the macromolecules in miscanthus and in the fractionated macromolecules was conducted. It is shown that below 300 degrees C xylan is the main source of aromatic formation while above this temperature the aromatization of cellulose occurs. The interactions between lignin and carbohydrates inside the network of biomass for aromatic structures formation are discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599591}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and J. RAYA and L. DELMOTTE and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1648, title = { Characterization of Merbau Wood Extract Used as an Adhesive in Glued Laminated Lumber }, journal = { FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL }, volume = {66}, year = {2016}, pages = {313-318}, abstract = {

Polyphenolic chemical compounds were extracted from merbau (Intsia spp.) wood with an aqueous medium at a 1:4 ratio (wt/wt) heated to 80 degrees C for 3 hours. The extracted compounds were characterized by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight spectrometry and included oligomers with up to six repeating flavonoid units, with resorcinol being the dominant compound paired with a minor amount of catechin units. The extract had a Stiasny number of 92.4 percent. The extract was combined with formaldehyde to produce a resin that was used to manufacture five-layer glued laminated lumber using four wood species, namely, pangsor (Ficus callosa), mindi (Melia azedarach), pine (Pinus merkusii), and mangium (Acacia mangium). The modulus of rupture and shear strength of mangium glued laminated lumber met the requirements of the Japanese standard (\"Japanese Agricultural Standard for Structural Glued Laminated Timber,\" 2003), and all products had a low formaldehyde emission.

}, author = {A. SANTOSO and Y.S. HADI and A. PIZZI and M.C. LAGEL} } @article {1651, title = { CHARACTERIZATION OF SORPTION BEHAVIOR AND MASS TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF FOUR CENTRAL AFRICA TROPICAL WOODS: AYOUS, SAPELE, FRAKE, LOTOFA }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {207-226}, abstract = {

This study provides the sorption isotherm, its hysteresis and their mass transfer properties of four Central Africa Tropical woods widely used for building construction: frake (Terminalia Superba), lotofa (Sterculia Rhinopetala), sapele (Entandrophragma Cylindricum) and ayous (Triplochiton Scleroxylon). Characterization of these four species in particular and Central Africa tropical woods in general were necessary to develop conservation and treatment of wood after first transformation using the drying. Also, moisture transport on wooden material used such as wall buildings can be facilitating to found the thermal comfort. Measurements of isotherms were performed using a dynamic vapor sorption apparatus (Surface Measurement Systems) at 20 and 40 degrees C with air relative humidity ranged from 0\% to 90\%. Mass diffusivity was determined in steady state using a specific vaporimeter. Air permeability was determined using a specialized device developed to measure over a wide range of permeability values. Permeability and mass transfer properties were determined in the tangential direction with a \"false\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; quartersawn board (sapele and lotofa) and in the radial direction with a flatsawn board (ayous and frake). Samples of sapele, ayous and frake are heartwood when lotofa contains as well as heartwood than sapwood. Results obtained showed that the temperature effect on sorption behavior was quite low. We observed also a low difference between the sorption behavior of these different species and hysteresis of sorption decreases when temperature increases. Hailwood-Horrobin model\&$\#$39;s explains plausibly the experimental sorption isotherms data. Results on characterization of mass transfer properties showed that, in the steady state, mass diffusivity decreases exponentially when basal density increases. Mass diffusivity was higher in desorption than in adsorption phase. The gaseous permeability of these species was between than those of Australian hardwoods and temperate woods. It was difficult to define a relationship between permeability and mass diffusivity.

}, url = {https://hal-centralesupelec.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01378513}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and P. PERRE} } @article {1623, title = { The chemical, kinetic and mechanical characterization of tannin-based adhesives with different crosslinking systems }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {68}, year = {2016}, pages = {1-8}, abstract = {

Network formation, cure characteristics and bonding performance of tannin-based resins were investigated in order to establish structure-property relationships between the stage B and stage C. Tannin-aldehyde and base-catalyzed autocondensed tannin resins were synthesized and characterized for molecular weight distribution, cure kinetics and cure chemistry by means of GPC, DMA and C-13 CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy and solvent stability tests. The resins performance as wood adhesives was further established from lap-shear tests and microscopic observation of the bondline. Resins prepared with highly reactive aldehydes, such as formaldehyde or glyoxal, exhibited a significant extent of hetero-condensation reactions, fast cure kinetics, a high storage modulus and good solvent stability of the stage C-resin. In contrast, resins prepared with bulky aldehydes of low reactivity, such as citral, were dominated by autocondensation reactions, and exhibited slower cure kinetics, a lower storage modulus and solvent-stability of the stage C-resin, alike those neat autocondensed tannin resins. However, all resin systems fulfilled the standard requirements for wood adhesive bonding for interior applications. Additionally, storage modulus increase during cure was found to be a good predictor of the stiffness of the wood-bonded assembly, useful to discriminate between the autocondensation and heterocondensation cure chemistries.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01599534}, author = {R. BOHM and M. HAUPTMANN and A. PIZZI and C. FRIEDRICH and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1612, title = { Control of wood thermal treatment and its effects on decay resistance: a review }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {73}, year = {2016}, pages = {571-583}, abstract = {

Key message An efficient use of thermal treatment of wood requires a depth understanding of the chemical modifications induced. This is a prerequisite to avoid problems of process control, and to provide high quality treated wood with accurately assessed properties to the market. Properties and structural anatomy of thermally modified woods are slightly different than un-processed woods from a same wood species. So it is necessary to create or adapt new analytical methods to control their quality.

Heat treatment as a wood modification process is based on chemical degradation of wood polymer by heat transfer. It improves mainly the resistance of wood to decay and provides dimensional stability. These improvements, which come at the expense of a weakening of mechanical properties, have been extensively studied. Since a decade, researches focused mainly on the understanding of wood thermal degradation, on modelling, on quality prediction and quality control.

We aimed at reviewing the recent advances about (i) the analytical methods used to control thermal treatment; (ii) the effects on wood decay resistance and (iii) the advantages and drawbacks of a potential industrial use of wood heating.

We carried out a literature review of the main industrial methods used to evaluate the conferred wood properties, by thermal treatment. We used papers and reports published between 1970 and 2015, identified in the web of science data base..

Approximately 100 papers mostly published after 2000 were retrieved. They concentrated on: (i) wood mass loss due to thermal degradation determination, (ii) spectroscopic analyses of wood properties, (iii) colour measurements, (iv) chemical composition, (v) non-destructive mechanical assessments and (vi) use of industrial data.

One of most interesting property of heat-treated wood remains its decay resistance. Durability test with modified wood in laboratory are expensive and time-consuming. This review displays data from different analytical methods, such as spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, chemical analyses or mechanical tests that have the potential to be valuable indicators to assess the durability of heat treated wood at industrial scale. However, each method has its limits and drawbacks, such as the required investment for the equipment, reliability and accuracy of the results and ease of use at industrial scale.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01532412}, author = {K. CANDELIER and M.F. THEVENON and A. PETRISSANS and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1655, title = { Design and optimization of industrial woody biomass pretreatment addressed by DryKiln_CRP, a multiscale computational model: Particle, bed, and dryer levels }, journal = { DRYING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {34}, year = {2016}, pages = {1820-1830}, abstract = {

Thermochemical conversion processes of biomass to energy are increasingly demanding in terms of the quality of the raw material, especially regarding its moisture content. The use of continuous dryers is attractive because of their low cost and ease of integration into the production line. However, the design of the drier (drying chamber and heating source) and the optimization of its control based on relevant criteria are complex. This paper presents DryKiln_CRP, a comprehensive multiscale model able to account for the two-way interactions between particles, bed, and drier. The drying model at the particle level is based on the van Meel approach which was extended to account explicitly for heat and mass transfer coupling. Computational simulations are discussed for two case studies to emphasize the potential of this multiscale computational model in the design and optimization of industrial plants devoted to the pretreatment of biomass.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01430298}, author = {J. COLIN and R. REMOND and P. PERRE} } @article {1639, title = { Effect of Potassium on the Mechanisms of Biomass Pyrolysis Studied using Complementary Analytical Techniques }, journal = { CHEMSUSCHEM }, volume = {9}, year = {2016}, pages = {863-872}, abstract = {

Complementary analytical methods have been used to study the effect of potassium on the pyrolysis mechanisms of cellulose and lignocellulosic biomasses. Thermogravimetry, calorimetry, high-temperature H-1 NMR spectroscopy (in situ and real-time analysis of the fluid phase formed during pyrolysis), and water extraction of quenched char followed by size-exclusion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry have been combined. Potassium impregnated in cellulose suppresses the formation of anhydrosugars, reduces the formation of mobile protons, and gives rise to a mainly exothermic signal. The evolution of mobile protons formed from K-impregnated cellulose has a very similar pattern to the evolution of the mass loss rate. This methodology has been also applied to analyze miscanthus, demineralized miscanthus, miscanthus re-impregnated with potassium after demineralization, raw oak, and Douglas fir. Hydrogen mobility and transfer are of high importance in the mechanisms of biomass pyrolysis.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01416493}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and T. GHISLAIN and S. LECLERC and M. BOUROUKBA and L. DELMOTTE and N. BROSSE and C. SNAPE and P. CHAIMBAULT and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1627, title = { Environmental sustainability of bark valorisation into biofoam and syngas }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION }, volume = {125}, year = {2016}, pages = {33-43}, abstract = {

Conventional foams derived from petroleum are extensively used for insulating uses. Research into alternative sources to petroleum based chemicals is attracting a great deal of attention. Softwood bark and in special, maritime pine bark from European forests is an abundant co-product from forest industries. In this study, the production of formaldehyde-free tannin based biofoams to be used as building insulation materials was environmentally assessed using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology (cradle to-grave approach) as well as their valorisation into bioenergy (electricity and thermal energy) at end of their life cycle by means of their gasification into tar-free syngas and its further combustion in a CHP unit. The production chain was divided into four subsystems: forest activities (SS1), sawmill (SS2), biofoams production (SS3) and bioenergy production (SS4). Wherever possible, primary data from pilot plants were managed. Since two main co-products are obtained, three different approaches were considered and discussed: total allocation of environmental burdens to the electricity (main product), exergy based allocation and system expansion.

According to the results, SS3 was identified as the environmental hotspot regardless the impact category considered for assessment. The large requirements of electricity in the tannin extraction unit as well as the production of chemicals required for the biofoam formulation were the responsible factors of these notable contributions. Special attention should also be paid to the uncontrolled pentane emissions associated to the biofoam formulation, specifically in terms of photochemicals oxidant formation.

Remarkable environmental benefits were obtained in terms of climate change, fossil fuels depletion as well as in some toxicity related impact categories in comparison with the petroleum based foams, mainly based on the use of an abundant renewable source as raw material to produce the foams. Improvement actions should look at the reduction (or even recovery) of chemicals used, the control of diffuse emissions (e.g. pentane from evaporation unit and CHP unit) as well as the installation of a cogeneration unit to produce the electricity requirements to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01827419}, author = {S. GONZALEZ-GARCIA and C. LACOSTE and T. AICHER and G. FEIJOO and L. LIJO and M.T. MOREIRA} } @article {1638, title = { Evaluating mold growth in tannin-resin and flax fiber biocomposites }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {83}, year = {2016}, pages = {438-443}, abstract = {

Flax fiber is an industrially available, renewable product with attractive technical properties for the composite industry such as density, mechanical strength and sound/heat insulation. Applications are developing quickly for biocomposites based on these fibers. However, unlike plastics, there is no standard used to assess its degree of contamination by microorganisms. Thus, the aims of this work were to detect and quantify molds in samples of nonwoven fibrous materials from industry and high resin content natural matrix-natural fiber biocomposites. In a first attempt, we tried to evaluate the fungal development on the nonwoven materials as defined in the ISO 846 standard. Despite the materials having been inoculated with molds, no fungal mycelium could be detected by this way. To validate this observation, we developed a qualitative approach based on the specific aniline blue method to stain the mycelium present in the material. This allowed us to detect the mold occurrence in the material and to evaluate the colonization extent on the nonwoven fibrous materials incubated under different conditions. The biocide efficiency of a boric acid pretreatment of flax fibers used in the manufacturing process of nonwoven fibrous materials and high resin content natural matrix-natural fiber biocomposites was determined by grading the mold development using the microscope-based method that we developed. The results showed clearly that in optimal mold growth conditions, (Aw \> 0.6, 26 degrees C) the colonization of the material was hampered by the boric acid pretreatment of the flax fibers. To get semi-quantitative data of the colonization extent, we used a molecular method. DNA was extracted from the different materials and the ribosomal region of the fungal DNA was amplified by PCR allowing the detection and the quantification of fungal colonization in the biosourced material. Results confirmed the microscopy-based method. Work is currently in progress to determine risk classes of mold colonization in wood-derived and fibrous-based composite materials.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598422}, author = {C. SEGOVIA and A. SAUGET and A. BESSERER and R. KUENY and A. PIZZI} } @article {1624, title = { Experimental and numerical analysis of CFRP-strengthened finger-jointed timber beams }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {68}, year = {2016}, pages = {283-297}, abstract = {

Experimental and finite element (FE) studies of bending behaviour of finger-jointed timber (Spruce) beams reinforced with CFRP material were performed. Four-point bending tests with distinct reinforcement configurations were proposed in order to determine stiffness, ductility and strength values of strengthened finger-jointed timber beams. The experimental results obtained under flexure showed that the external bonding of CFRP increased the load-bearing capacity of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams. The numerical results presented here were based on the Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) available in Abaqus code, allowing the description of the progressive failure mode of the finger-jointed timber beams under flexural load. The FE models took the different material constitutive laws (wood, CFRP and adhesive) into account, including the bond-slip actions between finger-joints and CFRP-timber interface. The results in terms of load-mid span deflection and failure modes obtained experimentally and numerically were compared. Once the FE simulations were calibrated, the differences between experimental and predicted ultimate loads were around 4.5\% only. A good agreement was therefore found, proving the relevance of the presented FE models to predict the load-bearing capacity and to capture the failure mode of CFRP-strengthened finger-jointed Spruce timber beams in bending.

}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. CELZARD and M. OUDJENE and J. RUELLE} } @article {1604, title = { Experimental investigation on full-scale glued oak solid timber beams for structural bearing capacity }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {123}, year = {2016}, pages = {365-371}, abstract = {

This paper presents an experimental investigation on full-scale glued solid timer beams made of oak timber, for structural purposes. Similar experimental work was previously presented by the authors using beech timber (Tran et al., 2012). Here, the results from the previous work were served for comparison purpose between the performances of the two hardwood species (oak and beech). The obtained results showed that the glued solid timber beams made of oak timber perform relatively more much better than their counterparts made of beech timber, which was explained by the weakness in the finger-joint due to a poor adhesion within the beech timber.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599590}, author = {V.D. TRAN and M. OUDJENE and P.J. MEAUSOONE} } @article {1616, title = { Extraction and Characterization of Fibers from Palm Tree }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {11}, year = {2016}, pages = {7016-7025}, abstract = {

The characterization of fibers extracted from leaflet, the empty fruit bunches, leaf sheath, and spath of palm tree was performed. The fibers were extracted using three different procedures through chemical and / or enzymatic methods. The raw fibers studied have xylose contents between 13-22\% and glucose content between 30\% and 45\%. The microfibrillar angle (MFA) values are in the order: bunch \> spath \> leaf sheath \>\> leaflet. Spath and leaf sheath, which naturally occur in a woven form present poor mechanical strength but could be readily used to produce cheap composites. Leaflet fibers extracted from date palm tree exhibiting a low MFA (16 degrees), a high cellulose content, and cellulose crystallinity present the highest ultimate tensile strengths (approximate to 1250 N.mm(-2)).

}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01492068}, author = {I. TAHRI and I.Z. DEVIN and J. RUELLE and C. SEGOVIA and N. BROSSE} } @article {1642, title = { Finite element modelling of the pyrolysis of wet wood subjected to fire }, journal = { FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL }, volume = {81}, year = {2016}, pages = {85-96}, abstract = {

The modelling of the pyrolysis of wet wood provides more realistic fire scenarios for structural fire design by taking into account variable thermal properties of wood which are beyond the scope of conventional structural fire design codes. The proposed numerical methodology has been written in MATLAB environment. A 2D nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to model the pyrolysis of wet wood subjected to high temperature. The varying of thermal proprieties of wood are discussed from the point of view of changes of structure and chemical composition under fire condition. The validity of the model is established by comparing the predicted results with results from fire resistance tests presented in literature. Qualitatively, the model provides good agreement with the experimental data. It is shown that the model can handle layers of a wooden composite structure. Temperature profiles at different points in the wood sample and the two-dimensional charring depth of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) panels are calculated and compared with experimental data.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01599583}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1622, title = { Ground plant meal potential market, functional properties and applications }, journal = { OCL-OILSEEDS AND FATS CROPS AND LIPIDS }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

The growing demand of bio-sourced products leads to an increasing interest for the development of new resources of raw materials. In order to generate a higher economic value in the oleoproteaginous sector, meals, co-products of oil extraction present qualities capable of being exploited in a wide range of sectors. These meals are mainly commercialized in feed application, but remain relatively weak used in the chemistry domain or even in food. To enlarge these applications, the pre-treatment of the raw material by grinding and air-classification offers technological outlooks for the conception of new extraction processes of interesting components. The present publication has the following goal: to examine the diversification of oleoproteaginous meal market, out of traditional usage in the chemistry domain; to characterize the meals chemical composition and their techno-functional properties; to evaluate the feasibility of valorizing these meals and their derivatives as substitutes or additives allowing the reduction of the level in petro-chemical product, for example, for the production of adhesive formulations for particle boards. To achieve this, different actions have been performed: evaluation of the potential and accessible market starting from metropolitan crops; analysis of the panorama of intellectual property for the identified markets; chemical characterization of ground plant meals and their soluble and insoluble fractions; applicability of the different obtained fractions, in terms of foaming power, emulsifier and gelifier; first application tests starting from rapeseed and sunflower meals in the wood panel board domain. The obtained results have allowed: to draw up a map of the inventive activity bound to the valorization of proteins from rapeseed, sunflower and soy meals and pea flour in various applications, highlighting the dynamism and the growing interest for industrials and academics to use oleo-proteaginous plant proteins; to explore techno-functional properties brought by these plant meals and their derivatives, in particular in the wood panel domain.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599499}, author = {A. MOREL and N. MANTRAND and S. BELAID and M. LOPEZ and D. CHEREAU and C. DEMAILLE and S. PAILLER and F. VALTER and O. GALET and J. GUEGUEN and R. KAPEL and A. PIZZI and F. GARRIGUE} } @article {1614, title = { Horticultural/hydroponics and floral natural foams from tannins }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {87}, year = {2016}, pages = {177-181}, abstract = {

New formaldehyde-free Quebracho tannin foams were developed for horticultural/hydroponics and floral applications. These foams included in their composition a wetting agent and at least one compound able to neutralize the residual acidity derived from acid catalyst. Their densities were between 0.048 and 0.066 g/cm(3) and compression strength, between 0.07 and 0.09 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed open porosity and average cell size of 125-250 mu m. Water absorption peaked at 98\% (vol) while residual pH value was 5. The new tannin foams do not result to be phytotoxic and are apt to the conservation of fresh cut flowers and as support matrices for horticulture and hydroponics. They have shown performances comparable or superior to commercial synthetic phenolic floral foam used as reference.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01599593}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and F. AL-MARZOUKI and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1595, title = { Hydrophobisation of tannin-based foams by covalent grafting of silanes }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {92}, year = {2016}, pages = {116-126}, abstract = {

Thermally insulating foams based on Mimosa bark extracts (Acacia Meansii) were hydrophobised with the aim of decreasing their sensitivity to moisture. Two different formulations leading to rigid foams presenting similar porosity were prepared, and were covalently grafted with three kinds of organosilanes. Non-treated and hydrophobised samples were all thoroughly characterised by FTIR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and corresponding surface energy calculations, water sorption and thermal conductivity studies. Hydrophobisation produced a significant repellence towards liquid water but did not prevent water vapour sorption. Water uptake, however, was limited compared to the non-treated materials. As a result, the increase of thermal conductivity at high relative humidity was lower after hydrophobisation.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01394526}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and M. LETELLIER and V. FIERRO and H. CHAPUIS and C. GERARDIN and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1603, title = { Hygrothermal behavior modeling of the hygroscopic envelopes of buildings: A dynamic co-simulation approach }, journal = { BUILDING SIMULATION }, volume = {9}, year = {2016}, pages = {501-512}, abstract = {

High levels of humidity in buildings lead to building pathologies. Moisture also has an impact on the indoor air quality and the hygrothermal comfort of the building\&$\#$39;s occupants. To better assess these pathologies, it is necessary to take into account the heat and moisture transfer between the building envelope and its indoor ambience. In this work, a new methodology was developed to predict the overall behavior of buildings, which combines two simulation tools: COMSOL Multiphysics (c) and TRNSYS. The first software is used for the modeling of heat, air and moisture transfer in multilayer porous walls (HAM model: Heat, Air and Moisture transfer), and the second is used to simulate the hygrothermal behavior of the building (BES model: Building Energy Simulation). The combined software applications dynamically solve the mass and energy conservation equations of the two physical models. The HAM-BES coupling efficiency was verified. In this paper, the use of a coupled (HAM-BES) co-simulation for the prediction of the hygrothermal behavior of building envelopes is discussed. Furthermore, the effect of the 2D HAM modeling on relative humidity variations within the building ambience is shown. The results confirm the importance of the HAM modeling in the envelope on the hygrothermal behavior and energy demand of buildings.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01726570}, author = {M.Y. FERROUKHI and R. DJEDJIG and K. LIMAM and R. BELARBI} } @article {1619, title = { Improving Water Repellence and Friability of Tannin-Furanic Foams by Oil-Grafted Flavonoid Tannins }, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {11}, year = {2016}, pages = {7754-7768}, abstract = {

Tannin-furanic biobased foams, based on the co-reaction of bark-derived condensed tannins and thermoset furanic polymers, have low thermal conductivity, are self-extinguishing, and have high fire resistance, which allows their development for several industrial uses. One of their main drawbacks, however, is the absorption of water within the foam itself. Another problem is the rather friable surface, which is a definite drawback for some potential applications. In this work, these two problems are minimized or eliminated by introducing a component of oil-grafted tannin in the foam formulation. The incorporation of fatty chains markedly decreased foam friability and increased water repellency in the body of the foams. These properties and the compounds formed by fatty acids grafting onto the tannin flavonoids were extensively tested.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599595}, author = {G. RANGEL and H. CHAPUIS and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {1636, title = { In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Melanoma Effects of Pituranthos tortuosus Essential Oil Via Inhibition of FAK and Src Activities }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY }, volume = {117}, year = {2016}, pages = {1167-1175}, abstract = {

A large number of plants used in traditional medicines have been shown to possess antitumor activities. The aims of this study were to evaluate any anticancer effect of the essential oil (EO) extracted from P. tortuosus against B16F10 melanoma cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo. In vitro, EO was shown to induce apoptosis and to inhibit migration and invasion processes. Further investigation revealed that EO decreased focal adhesion and invadopodia formation which was accompanied by a drastic downregulation of FAK, Src, ERK, p130Cas and paxillin. Moreover, EO treatment decreased the expression level of p190RhoGAP, and Grb2, which impair cell migration and actin assembly. Mice bearing the melanoma cells were used to confirm any in vivo effectiveness of the EO as an anti-tumor promoting agent. In mice dosed with 100 mg EO/kg/d (for 27 days), tumor weight was inhibited by 98\% compared to that in mice that did not receive the product. In conclusion, these data suggested to us that an EO of P. tortuosus could evolve to be a potential medicinal resource for use in the treatment of cancers.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598421}, author = {M. KRIFA and S.E. EL-MESHRI and N. BENTOUATI and A. PIZZI and E. SICK and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA and P. RONDE} } @article {1635, title = { Induced Tannin Adhesive by Boric Acid Addition and Its Effect on Bonding Quality and Biological Performance of Poplar Plywood }, journal = { ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY \& ENGINEERING }, volume = {4}, year = {2016}, pages = {2734-2740}, abstract = {

Quebracho tannin wood adhesive in a non formaldehyde approach has a low hardening rate and needs more pressing time than formaldehyde-based wood adhesives during wood composites production. In this study, boric acid (BA) was used to increase autocondensation rate of tannin to make poplar plywood. The main ingredients of the adhesives included quebracho tannin, NaOH, hexamine, BA and polymeric isocyanate (PMDI). Thermomechanical analysis of without BA adhesives showed that maximum modulus of elasticity increased with increasing the initial tannin concentration from 40\% to 50\% (w/w), whereas no significant effect has been found by adding PMDI. Moreover, the addition of BA lowered time and temperature of hardening and increased modulus of elasticity of the adhesive. Also, tensile shear strength increased significantly with increasing the tannin concentration and the BA content (from 2\% to 4\%). Interestingly, applied BA in the glueline not only improved bonding quality of the panels but also provided good preservative performance against fungal attack even after mild leaching test.

}, author = {D. EFHAMISISI and M.F. THEVENON and Y. HAMZEH and A.N. KARIMI and A. PIZZI and K. POURTAHMASI} } @article {1605, title = { Lignin-derived non-toxic aldehydes for ecofriendly tannin adhesives for wood panels }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {70}, year = {2016}, pages = {239-248}, abstract = {

An adhesive based on the reaction of a very fast reacting procyanidin-type condensed tannin, namely purified pine bark tannin, and food-grade non-toxic slow-reacting aldehydes derived from lignin was shown to satisfy well the relevant standards for bonding wood particleboard. Vanillin and a dialdehyde derivative of vanillin were the aldehydes used. The oligomers obtained and their distribution have been determined by matrix assisted laser ionization desorption time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry for the reactions with catechin used as a model compound and with the pine tannin itself, and by cross polarization magic angle spinning C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP MAS C-13 NMR) for the reaction with pine tannin.

}, author = {F. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and G. FOYER and A. PIZZI and S. CAILLOL and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1637, title = { MALDI-TOF, C-13 NMR and FT-MIR analysis and strength characterization of glycidyl ether tannin epoxy resins }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {83}, year = {2016}, pages = {177-185}, abstract = {

The chemical modification of tannin through epoxidation is a way to develop new applications for tannins and to improve tannin resins performances. In this paper the influence of reaction conditions was studied. Commercial tannin bark extract was epoxidized. The resulting products were characterized by FT-IR Spectroscopy, C-13 NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Tannin epoxidation has been confirmed by C-13 NMR and FT-MIR. Wood specimens were bonded with mixed diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and glycidyl ether tannin (GET) epoxy resin formulations. The bonded joints were tested for block shear strength. The results obtained indicated that such formulations, based on up to 75\% commercial natural materials are capable of satisfying the shear strength requirements of relevant international standards.

}, author = {S. JAHANSHAHI and A. PIZZI and A. ABDULKHANI and K. DOOSTHOSEINI and A. SHAKERI and M.C. LAGEL and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1652, title = { Mechanisms of biomass pyrolysis studied reactor with advanced gas analysis by combining a fixed bed }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {117}, year = {2016}, pages = {334-346}, abstract = {

Slow pyrolysis of different biomasses (miscanthus, douglas fir and oak) was conducted in a U-shape fixed bed reactor combined to (1) on-line analysis of the vapors (primary tar) by soft photoionisation mass spectrometry (single photoionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometer, SPI-TOFMS), (2) quantitative off-line analysis of condensed vapors by GC*GC/MS-FID and (3) permanent gas analysis. The U-shape fixed bed reactor allows controlling external mass transfers, temperature of the bed, quenching char at targeted temperatures and quantifying mass balances. The mass yields in solid, condensable products and gas are studied between 200 degrees C and 500 degrees C. The soft on-line photoionisation analysis leads to a more interpretable mass spectra with few fragment ions and gives the evolution of the main markers of volatiles produced in real-time as a function of the temperature. The chemical structure of the markers analyzed on-line by SPI-TOFMS is assigned by GC*GC/FID-MS analysis. The mechanisms of hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis in the complex network of biomass (including minerals catalytic effect) are discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01923764}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and L.Y. JIA and S. CISSE and G. MAUVIEL and N. BROSSE and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1630, title = { Melting of nanoparticle-enhanced phase change material inside an enclosure heated by laminar heat transfer fluid flow }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {74}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

The proposed work presents a numerical investigation of the melting of a phase change material (PCM: Paraffin wax P116) dispersed with nanoparticles (Al2O3) in a latent heat storage unit (LHSU). The latter is composed of a number of vertical and identical slabs of nano-enhanced phase change material (NEPCM) separated by rectangular channels through which passes heat transfer fluid (HTF: water). A mathematical model based on the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy has been developed. The resulting equations are discretized using the finite volume approach. The numerical model has been validated by experimental and numerical results published in literature. Numerical investigations have been conducted to evaluate the effects of the volumetric fraction of nanoparticles, HTF mass flow rate and inlet temperature on the latent heat storage unit\&$\#$39;s thermal behaviour and performance. Modelling results show that the volumetric fraction, HTF mass flow rate and inlet temperature need to be designed to achieve a significant improvement in thermal performance.

}, author = {R. ELBAHJAOUI and H. EL-QARNIA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1615, title = { Mild hydroxypropylation of polyflavonoids obtained under pilot-plant scale }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {87}, year = {2016}, pages = {350-362}, abstract = {

Condensed tannins from pine (Pinus radiata), mimosa (Acacia mearnsii), and quebracho (Schinopsis lorenzii) were modified with propylene oxide (PO) via a mild derivatization (20 degrees C, 24 h). The hydroxypropylation to three PO/C-15 ratio (1, 2, 3) produced polyphenolic derivatives in reasonable yields (60-90\%). Evidense of modification was described by functional group analysis, and tannin biological properties (binding-, and antioxidant-capacity). Isolated products were characterized by physicochemical methods (solubility test, molecular weight distribution, and thermal analysis). H-1 NMR provided evidence of strong structure-properties relationship in function of the A-ring type, and C -\> C linkage features. Pine tannin fractions exhibited the best PO-uptake. Acetoxy signal intensity of acetylated derivatives revealed that mimosa and quebracho tannins are less reactive polyflavonoids toward hydroxypropylation at room temperature. Thermal behavior, solubility, and antioxidant-, and binding-capacity were affected by the modification. However, pine tannins behavior differ from those highly purified polyflavonoids.

}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and C.A. FUENTEALBA and J.P. SALAZAR and M.A. PEREZ and D. ESCOBAR and A. PIZZI} } @article {1629, title = { Modeling green wall interactions with street canyons for building energy simulation in urban context }, journal = { URBAN CLIMATE }, volume = {16}, year = {2016}, pages = {75-85}, abstract = {

A hygrothermal model of green walls and a model of mass flows in street canyons have been proposed and implemented in a building simulation program (TRNSYS). The coupled models allow the study of the hygrothermal interaction of green walls at the interface of the detailed building model and the urban microclimate of the street. Its use highlights the effects on both urban microclimate and buildings energy loads, especially in the summer period. While reducing anthropogenic heat release, green walls set up on west or east facades mitigate the street air temperature and reduce building cooling loads depending on streets\&$\#$39; aspect ratio. Some of the canyon model parameters were calibrated through numerical comparison with experimental data on a reduced scale mockup. This mockup has been designed specifically to assess the green walls hygrothermal impact and to evaluate the developed numerical tools. This experimental calibration made simulating the green walls interactions with street canyons of different aspect ratios possible. The experimental and numerical results obtained with green facades underline the advantage of this modeling approach for the design of passive cooling for buildings and mitigation of excessive thermal conditions within street canyons in dense cities in warm climates.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01688277}, author = {R. DJEDJIG and E. BOZONNET and R. BELARBI} } @article {1599, title = { Modeling, of coupled heat and mass transfer during drying of tropical woods }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {109}, year = {2016}, pages = {299-308}, abstract = {

We have developed a model on drying of two tropical woods of ayous (Triplochiton Scleroxylon) and frake (Terminalia Superba) coming from Cameroon forests. Some thermophysical parameters used in the model were experimentally obtained in this work while the remaining properties were from literature. A comparison is doing between numerical results of our model, these given by the Luikov\&$\#$39;s model and experimental data. Numerical simulation results from the developed model give close agreement with experimental results. We note that Luikov\&$\#$39;s model not gives a satisfaction results in the non-hygroscopic domain in the case of frake. The present model can be used to explain the drying phenomenon of these two tropical species and can be applied to others species when necessary thermophysical parameters of these species are known. In a future work, it is important to integrate the influence of anatomical direction on our numerical and experimental results.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521993/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and B. BONOMA} } @article {1653, title = { Modification of condensed tannins: from polyphenol chemistry to materials engineering }, journal = { NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY }, volume = {40}, year = {2016}, pages = {36-49}, abstract = {

Condensed tannins (CTs) are high molar mass polyphenolic bio-polymers based on flavonol units. CTs have been well-studied due to their respective biological activity. However, the application of CTs in several areas is limited because of their physicochemical properties. The objective of this review is to investigate the state of the art regarding the chemical modification of CTs, and to outline recent and potential applications of tannin derivatives. An overview of the most important reactions is given, and a comprehensive summary of the experimental parameters for modification (chemicals, time, temperature, solvent type, and yield) is presented. The impact of the modification on the physicochemical properties of derivatives in comparison to native tannin behavior is discussed. Finally, the applicability of modified or unmodified CTs is described, referring to academic articles and patents. Future research in terms of modification reaction type, as well as derivatizing agents, is discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599784}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and S.P. PACZKOWSKI and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1609, title = { Morphological Characterization and Quantification of the Mycelial Growth of the Brown-Rot Fungus Postia placenta for Modeling Purposes }, journal = { PLOS ONE }, volume = {11}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

Continuous observation was performed using confocal laser scanning microscopy to visualize the three-dimensional microscopic growth of the brown-rot fungus, Postia placenta, for seventeen days. The morphological characterization of Postia placenta was quantitatively determined, including the tip extension rate, branch angle and branching length, (hyphal length between two adjacent branch sites). A voxel method has been developed to measure the growth of the biomass. Additionally, the tip extension rate distribution, the branch angle distribution and the branching length distribution, which quantified the hyphal growth characteristics, were evaluated. Statistical analysis revealed that the extension rate of tips was randomly distributed in space. The branch angle distribution did not change with the development of the colony, however, the branching length distribution did vary with the development of the colony. The experimental data will be incorporated into a lattice-based model simulating the growth of Postia placenta.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01365606}, author = {H. DU and P. LV and M. AYOUZ and A. BESSERER and P. PERRE} } @article {1611, title = { New alternatives for wood preservation based on thermal and chemical modification of wood- a review }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {73}, year = {2016}, pages = {559-570}, abstract = {

Key message Increasing environmental pressures appearing over the last few years have led to important changes in the field of wood protection. In this context, new technologies, based either on thermal or chemical modifications, suggest increasing interest in prospect of programmed ban of biocide products.

The evolution of the regulations on the use of biocide products has led to important changes in the field of wood preservation, leading to an increasing interest for non-biocide treatments like thermal or chemical modifications to face to the programmed ban of biocide products.

The paper reviews the different non-biocide alternatives developed currently on an industrial scale, highlighting their main characteristics and applications.

Different treatments have been developed on an industrial scale involving mainly thermal modifications and acetylation, furfurylation and DMDHEU constituting already available solutions.

Different non-biocide alternatives already exist and will become more important in the next decades due to the increasing legislative pressure driven by environmental considerations.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01532342}, author = {P. GERARDIN} } @article {1601, title = { Non-Fickian moisture diffusion in thermally modified beech wood analyzed by the inverse method }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {109}, year = {2016}, chapter = {291-298}, abstract = {

Non-Fickian diffusion in native and thermally modified wood was analyzed by the inverse method. A low quality of the identified diffusivity values was found for the diffusivity which was either constant or varying with water content. This was explained by the non-Fickian behavior. It was especially distinct for thermally modified wood for which an increased delay in obtaining the hygroscopic equilibrium was clearly shown. Such a delay was explained by time required for molecular reorganization to produce new sorption sites. This phenomenon was accounted to improve the physical model by modifying the convective boundary condition. A relaxation mechanism was used for this purpose with an adequate time constant.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01342970}, author = {W. OLEK and R. REMOND and J. WERES and P. PERRE} } @article {1633, title = { Numerical damage prediction in dowel connections of wooden structures }, journal = { MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES }, volume = {49}, year = {2016}, pages = {1829-1840}, abstract = {

The behaviour of timber connections is very complex because of the interaction between brittle and ductile failure modes that develop within the contact areas between the timber and the dowel. Simulating this behaviour numerically requires the use of multidimensional failure criteria as well as the use of coupled constitutive equations accounting for both non-linear isotropic hardening and isotropic ductile damage. Such a formulation is proposed in the present work and implemented within a Vumat user-defined subroutine in Abaqus/Explicit. The model is used to simulate the behaviour of a double shear timber steel connection. Good agreement was found between the FE results and experimental ones, which showed the good capability of the model to predict the onset of ductile damage and growth. It was found that failure results from ductile defects initiation, growth and propagation inside narrow shear bands wherein the plastic strain is highly localised.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294587}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1602, title = { Parametric study of solar heating and cooling systems in different climates of Algeria - A comparison between conventional and high-energy-performance buildings }, journal = {ENERGY}, volume = {113}, year = {2016}, pages = {521-535}, abstract = {

Parametric optimization using dynamic simulation of a solar thermal system for producing hot water, space heating and cooling was developed. The system layouts include a single-effect absorption chiller activated by heat generated by flat plate solar collectors and stored in a solar storage tank. Two construction types were compared; the first is the typical construction in Algeria (low thermal mass with U-values of 1.25 W/m(2)K, single glazing), which represents the majority in the country, while the second is a High-Energy-Performance building (with U-values of 0.35 W/m(2)K, double glazing), representing the pilot project called ECO-BAT. Three of Algeria\&$\#$39;s regions were considered to evaluate the climatic effect of solar systems integration. Algiers represents the coastal region; Djelfa, the highlands region; Tamanrasset, the Sahara region. In parametric study, two solar collectors\&$\#$39; field parameters were analysed, including the surface area and the tilt angle. The results indicated that building loads are significantly reduced (12\%, 44\% and 22\% for Algiers, Djelfa and Tamanrasset, respectively). The solar energy contribution is more than 60\% for all cases, a significant contribution for an efficient building. In all cases, we observed that the solar fraction reaches more than 45\% when the optimum parameters of the solar system are selected.

}, author = {S. BAHRIA and M. AMIRAT and A. HAMIDAT and M. EL-GANAOUI and M.E. SLIMANI} } @article {1610, title = { Performance of silica gel-water solar adsorption cooling system }, journal = { CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING }, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, pages = {337-345}, abstract = {

The technology of cold production by adsorption is an effective way of heat conversion. It can significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. For this purpose, an experimental platform has been developed combining an internal combustion gas engine (cogenerator), a refrigerating adsorption machine, thermal solar collectors and wooden construction split in two compartment, a cold one conditioned by cooling ceilings and a hot one conditioned by heating floors. The platform is completely instrumented. We developed a simulation model that is confronted to experimental measurements. This paper deals with numerical study of refrigeration systems with silica gel / water pair with SIMULINK. The results include the total solar radiation, the temperature profiles of hot, cooling and chilled water in addition to Temperature profiles of cogenerator and room.

}, author = {G. NAJEH and G. SLIMANE and M. SOUAD and B. RIAD and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1650, title = { PERMEABILITY IDENTIFICATION FOR A FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE BY INVERSE ANALYSIS }, journal = { COMPOSITES-MECHANICS COMPUTATIONS APPLICATIONS }, volume = {7}, year = {2016}, pages = {81-93}, abstract = {

The permeability of textile reinforcements is a crucial input to the simulation of a composite material process. In this paper, we present an accurate simulation approach for identifying fiber reinforcement permeability in the resin transfer moulding (RTM) process. The Gauss-Newton-Levenberg-Marquardt method was utilized to identify the permeabilities of fibrous reinforcement. Knowing the boundary conditions, the permeability can be deduced from pressure values at some given positions through the part. Starting from the initial estimate of permeability, the inverse method begins by solving the direct problem. The solution gives the pressure field everywhere in a composite sample. The calculated pressure field is then compared with an analytical pressure based on a criterion. The permeability is modified iteratively so as to minimize this criterion until the desired accuracy is achieved. A comparison between experimental and the computed parameters is used as convergence criteria in the iterative inverse technique, and good agreement is found.

}, author = {A. SAAD and A. ECHCHELH and M. HATTABI and M. EL-GANAOUI and M. AHD} } @article {1632, title = { Physical incorporation of particles in a porous media: a path to a smart wood }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {74}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

The aim of this work is to develop a functional wood incorporating, in its surface, physical and chemical properties that meet society demand. For instance: fire resistance, magnetic electrical conduction (metal-wood particles), antibacterial reaction (copper-wood), anti-pollution (zeolite-wood), dry coloring, reflective effects (minerals-wood). As part of the research on wooden materials, the technique of \"JAZOLTHOP(1)\" driving micrometric particles before combining them and moving in supersonic speeds was used in the framework of enriching a wooden substrate. Various tests were conducted on two wooden materials (fir and ash tree) submitted to four typologies of particles (steel shot, garnet, corundum and glass beads). The surfaces of the test samples were machined beforehand for a use of conventional smooth quality, thus defining a reference surface before incorporation. The enriched samples were characterized by using two optical techniques; firstly a surface technique through macroscopy Leica 110X ZP, then a volume technique through tomography(2). Subsequently, volume simulations (wood-inclusions) were implemented to study the thermal transfer. The obtained results showcase the existence of certain set conditions to reach the critical fluency of incorporation and to localize the enrichment on a parallel plan to the sample surface. The results show also the influence of particles concentration and the kind of the chosen wood on the final composite matrix/particle media.

}, author = {A. ZERRIAA and M. EL-GANAOUI and C. GERARDIN and A. TAZIBT and S. GABSI} } @article {1598, title = { Physicochemical of microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm fronds as potential methylene blue adsorbents }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {92}, year = {2016}, pages = {11-19}, abstract = {

The present study sheds light on the physical and chemical characteristics of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) isolated from oil palm fronds (OPF) pulps. It was found that the OPF MCC was identified as cellulose II polymorph, with higher crystallinity index than OPF alpha-cellulose (CrIOPFMCC: 71\%\> CrIOPF alpha-cellulose 47\%). This indicates that the acid hydrolysis allows the production of cellulose that is highly crystalline. BET surface area of OPF MCC was found to be higher than OPF alpha-cellulose (S-BETOPFMCC: 5.64 m(2) g(-1) \> SBETOPF alpha-cellulose :Q(a)(0) 2.04 m(2) g(-1)), which corroborates their potential as an adsorbent. In batch adsorption studies, it was observed that the experimental data fit well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm in comparison to Freundlich isotherm. The monolayer adsorption capacity (Q(a)(0)) of OPF MCC was found to be around 51.811 mg g(-1) and the experimental data fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and N.A. POHAN and Z.N. GARBA and M.J. KASSIM and A.A. RAHIM and N. BROSSE and M. YEMLOUL and M.R.N. FAZITA and M.K.M. HAAFIZ} } @article {1656, title = { Phytochemical content and in vitro antioxidant activity of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) as affected by maturity stage and cooking practice }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, pages = {954-961}, abstract = {

The effects of growing stage (immature and mature) and home cooking methods (boiling and steam cooking) on the phytochemical contents, and antioxidant capacity of faba bean were investigated. Different faba bean morphological fractions (whole pod, pod coat, whole seed, seed coat and cotyledon) were analyzed. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the DPPH radical scavenging capacity, total antioxidant capacity, and oxygen uptake inhibition. The results showed that the immature faba bean fractions had significantly higher phytochemical contents and displayed a better antioxidant activity than those of mature ones; the highest level of phytochemicals and the strongest antioxidant activity were recorded in the seed coat. This study demonstrates also that cooking caused significant decrease in the phytochemical bioactive contents, and antioxidant activity, depending on the morphological fraction and cooking practice. The results of this study revealed also that steam cooking would be preferred to preserve the bioactive phytochemicals of faba bean.

}, author = {S. BOUKHANOUF and H. LOUAILECHE and D. PERRIN} } @article {1654, title = { Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from Particleboard by Phenolated Kraft Lignin }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, volume = {92}, year = {2016}, pages = {485-497}, abstract = {

The aim of this study was the reduction of formaldehyde emission from particleboard by phenolated Kraft lignin. For this purpose, the lignin was extracted from black liquor and then modified by phenolation. During the urea formaldehyde (UF) resin synthesis different proportions of unmodified and phenolated Kraft lignins (10\%, 15\%, and 20\%) were added at pH = 7 instead of the second urea. Physicochemical properties and structural changes of resins so prepared, as well as the internal bond (IB) strength and formaldehyde emission associated with the panels bonded with them were measured according to standard methods. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of lignin indicated that the content of O-H bonds increased in phenolated lignin while the aliphatic ethers C-O bonds decreased markedly in the modified lignin. Since both synthesis of UF resins and lignin phenolation are carried out under acid conditions, phenolation is an interesting way of modifying lignin for use in wood adhesive. The panels bonded with these resins showed significantly lower formaldehyde emission compared to commercial UF adhesives. The UF resin with 20\% phenolated lignin exhibited less formaldehyde release without significant differences in internal bond strength and physicochemical properties compared to an unmodified UF resin. XRD analysis results indicated that addition of phenolated lignin decreased the crystallinity of the hardened UF resins.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01599783}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and A. PIZZI and G. NIYATZADE} } @article {1649, title = { Scrutiny of spray jet and impact characteristics under dispersion effects of powder injection parameters in APS process }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {100}, year = {2016}, pages = {229-239}, abstract = {

This study aims to analyse axisymmetric turbulent argon plasma jet charged with particle/droplet stream and its impact characteristics during atmospheric spraying process. The governing partial differential equations are solved using a double population lattice Boltzmann (LB) numerical model (D2Q9-D2Q4) coupled LES turbulence model. The powder dynamics and heating were modeled using a Lagrangian plasma particles interaction model. A validation of the developed LB model on argon plasma jet was done, leading to credible results and the focus was thus mainly made on the plasma particle exchanges during the powder journey in argon plasma. The effects of injection conditions on the spray stream of molten particles and the particles impacting conditions (velocity, temperature, melting rate, ...) are carried out for four selected operating parameters, i.e. particle diameter, injection velocity, injection position (along injector section) and the injection angle at the injector exit. It has been observed that the LB method is a powerful tool for investigating plasma jet flows. It was concluded through the tracking model of the micro-sized particles that the present LB-based results agree well with the FD-based results and that the spray stream depends strongly on the studied injections conditions. Besides, the splashing phenomenon is found to be a rule governing particle/droplet impact behaviors.

}, author = {R. DJEBALI and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. JAOUABI and B. PATEYRON} } @article {1626, title = { SORPTION BEHAVIOR OF FOUR TROPICAL WOODS USING A DYNAMIC VAPOR SORPTION STANDARD ANALYSIS SYSTEM }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {403-412}, abstract = {

Sorption behavior of four tropical woods coming from Cameroon is studied using a Dynamic Vapor Sorption-Intrinsic apparatus. Sorption isotherms at 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C of Triplochiton scleroxylon (obeche), Entandrophragma cylindricum (sapele), Sterculia rhinopetala (lotofa) and Terminalia superba (frake also called limba) are compared to those in the literature with methods using saturated salts for lotofa and frake with satisfactory results. Experimental values are fitted using two sorption isotherm models. Sorption hysteresis is greatest in sapele and least in frake. When temperature increases, differences in the hysteresis of sorption among the woods decreases. Hystereses of all studied woods ranged from 0,5 to 3\%. Our studied woods have lower equilibrium moisture content probably caused by the higher values of extractives content. The water sorbed molecules on multilayer during both adsorption and desorption at 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C is greater in the case of frake and lower in the case of lotofa. The water sorbed molecules on multilayer of sapele is greater than those of obeche. The predominance of multilayer over monolayer of our woods is from 0,2 to 0,4 relative humidity in adsorption phase, and from 0,3 to 0,4 relative humidity in desorption phase.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521999/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and B. BONOMA} } @article {1621, title = { Spectroscopy analysis of phenolic and sugar patterns in a food grade chestnut tannin }, journal = { FOOD CHEMISTRY }, volume = {203}, year = {2016}, pages = {425-429}, abstract = {

Tannin of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood, commonly used in winemaking was characterised with a spectroscopy qualitative approach that revealed its phenolic composition: several vibrational diagnostic bands assigned using the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Infrared Spectroscopy, and fragmentation patterns obtained using the Laser-Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight technique evidenced polygalloylglucose, e.g. castalagin/vescalagin-like structures as the most representative molecules, together with sugar moieties. The implication of these findings on winemaking application and the potential influence of the chemical structure on the sensory properties of wine are discussed.

}, author = {A. RICCI and M.C. LAGEL and G.P. PARPINELLO and A. PIZZI and P.A. KILMARTIN and A. VERSARI} } @article {1620, title = { Strain rate effects on the compressive response of wood and energy absorption capabilities - Part A: Experimental investigations }, journal = { COMPOSITE STRUCTURES }, volume = {149}, year = {2016}, pages = {315-328}, abstract = {

Strain rate effect on wood material is of major interest when dealing with applications dedicated to energy absorption or wood machining. To understand and evaluate the strain rate influence on the wood responses, three experimental apparatus are used in order to cover a large range of strain rates, between 0.001 and 600 s(-1), and to allow observing densification regime for strains until 70\%. The influence of strain rate on mechanical properties, in particular, initial crushing stress, plateau stress and specific absorbed energies is investigated in the three orthotropic directions for two wood species (spruce and beech) really different in terms of relative density and microstructure. It is noticed that wood properties are strain rate sensitive and this sensitivity depends on the loading direction.

}, author = {J. WOUTS and G. HAUGOU and M. OUDJENE and D. COUTELLIER and H. MORVAN} } @article {1634, title = { Structure and properties of poly(furfuryl alcohol)-tannin polyHIPEs }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {78}, year = {2016}, pages = {195-212}, abstract = {

The synthesis and the properties of the first polymerised High Internal Phase Emulsions (polyHIPEs) derived from co-reacted tannin and furfuryl alcohol resin, are reported in this paper. Such highly porous thermoset polymers were obtained by emulsion-templating in the form of strong monoliths, using 70 vol\% of cyclohexane as the internal phase. The volatility of the latter made the preparation process very simple, not requiring the usual long washing steps encountered in the synthesis of most polyHIPEs. The structure of these new materials was investigated by different techniques as a function of the amount of surfactant in the initial formulation. The pore sizes exhibited clear trends that were explained. The materials were found to be interesting thermal insulators whereas presenting outstanding mechanical properties, among the highest ever reported for porous polymers.

}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and M. THEBAULT and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1645, title = { Study of the solubility and composition of welded wood material at progressive welding times }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {74}, year = {2016}, pages = {191-201}, abstract = {

The solubility in water and carbohydrates/lignin composition after hydrolysis of wood welded by linear friction welding was studied. Welded beech (WB) and welded spruce (WS) were analyzed at welding times (Wt) of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 s, and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 s, respectively. Scratched welded material was first extracted in water, dried, cryo-milled, and then hydrolyzed with sulfuric acid. Maximal percentages of solids dissolved in water were 17.7 and 10 for WB and WS and 2.2 and 1.4 for un-welded beech and spruce, respectively. Among water extracts, lignin, mono-oligosaccharides, acetic acid, vanillin, furfural, 5 hydroxymethylfurfural (5HMF), and syringaldehyde were quantified. Maximal percentages of water soluble lignin in WB and WS were 5 and 3.6, respectively; molecular weight and polydispersity were also determined. Regarding carbohydrates in the water extracts, a maximum of 1.4 \% oligosaccharides in WB and 1 \% monosaccharides in WS were detected. After hydrolysis, an increase in the amount of Klason lignin and a progressive diminution of some sugars take place at consecutive Wt of WB and WS. This study allows explaining to a good extent the behavior of welded joints face to liquid water. Moreover, the degradation of certain wood components is clearly presented.

}, author = {M.I.P. PENA and A.L. DEUTSCHLE and B. SAAKE and A. PIZZI and F. PICHELIN} } @article {1631, title = { Thermofluid effect on energy storage in fluidized bed reactor }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {74}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

The development of innovative systems of heat storage is imperative to improve the efficiency of the existing systems used in the thermal solar energy applications. Several techniques were developed and realized in this context. The technology of the sand fluidized bed (sandTES) offers a promising alternative to the current state-of-the-art of the heat storage systems, such as fixed bed using a storage materials, as sand, ceramic, and stones, etc. Indeed, the use of the fluidization technique allows an effective heat transfer to the solid particles. With the sand, an important capacity of storage is obtained by an economic and ecological material [N. Mahfoudi, A. Moummi, M. El Ganaoui, Appl. Mech. Mater. 621, 214 (2014); N. Mahfoudi, A. Khachkouch, A. Moummi B. Benhaoua, M. El Ganaoui, Mech. Ind. 16, 411 (2015); N. Mahfoudi, A. Moummi, M. El Ganaoui, F. Mnasri, K. M. Aboudou, 3(e) Colloque internationale Francophone d\&$\#$39; energetique et mecanique, Comores, 2014, p. 91]. This paper presents a CFD simulation of the hydrodynamics and the thermal transient behavior of a fluidized bed reactor of sand, to determine the characteristics of storage. The simulation shows a symmetry breaking that occurs and gave way to chaotic transient generation of bubble formation after 3 s. Furthermore, the predicted average temperature of the solid phase (sand) increases gradually versus the time with a gain of 1 degrees C in an interval of 10 s.

}, author = {N. MAHFOUDI and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. MOUMMI} } @article {1640, title = { THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ANNINGRE TANNIN RESIN }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {245-252}, abstract = {

Three formulations of aningre tannin resins containing in order the paraformaldehyde powder, hexamethylenetetramine and aqueous glyoxal as hardeners were developed. Their thermogravimetric analysis have shown that they begin to decompose respectively from 135 degrees C, 145 degrees C and 140 degrees C. About 24\%, 40\% and 39\% solid residues of their initial masses exist at the end of the analysis. Thermomechanical analysis has shown that the formulation containing paraformaldehyde powder as hardener has the best rigidity and the worst contains the hexamethylenetetramine. All formulations have different thermal degradation, differences were more significant between 400 and 900 degrees C. The decomposition of hardeners become more significant from 400 degrees C.

}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and P. GIRODS and M.C. LAGEL and M. KPLE} } @article {1628, title = { Total phenolic and lignin contents, phytochemical screening, antioxidant and fungal inhibition properties of the heartwood extractives of ten Congo Basin tree species }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {73}, year = {2016}, pages = {287-296}, abstract = {

Content and type of extractives vary considerably among woody species in the Congo Basin tropical forest. They influence the natural durability of wood with respect to fungal and insect degradation. Species containing higher amounts of extractives and Klason lignin were generally less susceptible to fungal colonization. Phenolic extractives with large anti-fungal and high antioxidant activities were the main chemical family of compounds extracted from the tested species, which suggests a potential chemical valorization of these extractives.

Several woody species from the Congo Basin are known for their natural durability, but the causes of this natural durability are not always fully elucidated. This is particularly the case for the resistance to white rotting fungi decay.

The chemical composition as well as the antioxidant activity of the heartwood extractives of several species were quantified and correlated to the ability of different fungi to colonize wood sawdusts in order to better understand their decay resistance.

The chemical screening of extracts was conducted using colorimetric methods. The quantity of lignin, extracts and total phenolic compounds, as well as antioxidant activities were determined. Extracted and unextracted heartwood sawdusts were exposed to two white rot fungi to assess the effect of extractives on their colonization.

Extractives and lignin contents ranged from 2.7 to 16.0 \% and from 26.5 to 35.9 \%, respectively. Antioxidant activity was directly connected to total phenolic contents. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of different chemical groups in all extracts. Resistance to fungi was correlated to the amount of extractives and in most cases to the lignin content.

Phenolic compounds associated with antioxidant activities influenced the natural resistance of heartwood.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01532273}, author = {S. MOUNGUENGUI and J.B.S. TCHINDA and M.K. NDIKONTAR and S. DUMARCAY and C. ATTEKE and D. PERRIN and E. GELHAYE and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1646, title = { Wood machining with a focus on French research in the last 50 years }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {73}, year = {2016}, pages = {163-184}, abstract = {

Context Woodcutting is a very old technology but scientific research is scarce on the subject. In the last 50 years, much work on basic mechanisms as well as on industrial processes has been done in France.

Aims The specific nature of wood introduces strong differences between wood and metal cutting processes. The paper focuses on French teams\&$\#$39; contributions.

Results The basic aspects of the tool-material interaction for different basic modes in woodcutting are highlighted. In primary conversion such as sawing, veneer cutting or green wood chipping, huge progress comes from automation and the possibility of linking the process to log and product quality through new sensors. In secondary processing, much has been done on the links between the cutting process, surface qualification and the properties of these surfaces for further processing, such as gluing or coating. Tool wear depends on the cutting process, timber quality and species. Trade-offs are required in tool technology and coating technologies may improve tool life.

Conclusion A large amount of knowledge and innovation has come from 50 years of worldwide research effort, with France being particularly active in this period. The transfer of skills from metals cutting industry was often a key, but much is needed to move closer to both metal cutting sector and woodcutting skills among craftsmen.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01135156}, author = {B. THIBAUT and L. DENAUD and R. COLLET and R. MARCHAL and J. BEAUCHENE and F. MOTHE and P.J. MEAUSOONE and P. MARTIN and P. LARRICQ and F. EYMA} } @article {1647, title = { Wood products and green chemistry }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {73}, year = {2016}, pages = {185-203}, abstract = {

This review addresses (1) the elimination of toxic aldehydes from the most common wood panel adhesive, the one based on urea, itself a natural product, (2) biosourced adhesives derived from wood or other vegetable matter and used for wood products, and (3) wood and bark tannin-based foams, natural fiber composites using tannin matrices, paper surface laminates and continuous high-pressure paper laminates using tannin-furanics, hard plastics based on tannin-furanic materials and some of their applications, flexible biosourced tannin-furanic films, and biosourced wood preservatives.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01284230}, author = {A. PIZZI} } @article {1234, title = {Adsorption of zinc in aqueous solution onto natural maghnite modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane}, journal = {Journal of Materials and Environmental Science}, volume = {6}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {826}, author = {M.A. ZENASNI and S. BENFARHI and A. MERLIN and S. MOLINA and B. GEORGE and B. MEROUFEL} } @article {1590, title = { Analysis of thermal effects of vegetated envelopes: Integration of a validated model in a building energy simulation program }, journal = { ENERGY AND BUILDINGS }, volume = {86}, year = {2015}, pages = {93-103}, abstract = {

In this paper, a newly developed heat and moisture transfer model for green envelopes is integrated in a transient building simulation program (TRNSYS) in order to investigate its dynamic performances coupled with a multizone building code. On the one hand we focus on the understanding of the coupled heat and mass transfers between green envelopes and the building; and on the other hand we study the model accuracy to assess the vegetation impacts together with building design. At first, the model reliability is verified through experimental comparisons during a summer period. Then, the developed simulation tool is used to assess the impacts of green walls on building energy performance. Since this model involves different hygrothermal transfer phenomena, the detailed numerical model results are analyzed to determine the weight of each phenomenon: evapotranspiration, shading effect and additional thermal resistance of green roof or wall. The results highlight the thermal benefits in summer and winter, especially for the west walls. The analysis of the different transfer mechanisms show that the foliage shading reduces the surface temperature variation whereas the evapotranspiration ensures the passive cooling when the water availability is sufficient.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598429}, author = {R. DJEDJIG and E. BOZONNET and R. BELARBI} } @article {1390, title = { Analysis of Valonia Oak (Quercus aegylops) Acorn Tannin and Wood Adhesives Application }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {7165-7177}, abstract = {

The coupling of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry with C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a suitable method for examining the composition of hydrolysable tannins and has been applied to the investigation of valonia oak (Quercus aegylops) acorn tannin extract. Such methods can determine the extract\&$\#$39;s structural aspects and other characteristics. It was determined that valonia oak acorn tannin extract is composed of mainly pentagalloylglucose structures; their rearrangement structures, vescalagin/castalagin (with linkages to flavogallonic acid) and vescalin/castalin; ellagic acid and vescavaloneic/castavaloneic acid; and free gallic acid and glucose. Traces of catechin gallate were also observed in this tannin extract. The tannin from acorns of valonia oak was used to substitute up to 50\% of the phenol used in the preparation of phenolic resins as adhesives for wood particleboard. These phenol-tannin-formaldehyde resins showed comparable performance to phenol-formaldehyde resins.

}, author = {S. ABDALLA and A. PIZZI and F. BAHABRI and A. GANASH} } @article {1574, title = { Analytical and numerical solution to the convection problem in a shallow cavity filled with two immiscible superposed fluids }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {90}, year = {2015}, pages = {303-310}, abstract = {

Natural convection, in a shallow horizontal cavity filled with two layers immiscible fluids, is studied both numeric and analytic. The horizontal walls of the enclosure are heated by the bottom and cooled by the upper by a uniform heat fluxes while the verticals one are subject to heat fluxes of variable intensity. The analytical solution, based on the parallel flow approximation, is found to be in good agreement with a numerical solution. The existence of both natural and antinatural flows is demonstrated. Indeed, the critical Rayleigh number for the onset of motion is dependent on the side heating intensity. In the case where the upper fluid is more viscous than the bottom one, multiple solutions are possible as well as the a steady states in a range of ratio of the viscosity of the fluids. The fact that one of the two fluids is more heat conductive, affect not only heat transfer generated but also the intensity of flows and the existence of the third cell where we found several solutions. The present model yields explicitly the flow patterns and Nusselt numbers in terms of the governing parameters of the problem.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01597079}, author = {F.S. OUESLATI and R. BENNACER and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1401, title = {Aningre tannin extract characterisation and performance as an adhesive resin}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod}, volume = { 77}, year = {2015}, pages = {225{\textendash}231 }, author = {N. KONAI and A. PIZZI and D. RAIDANDI and M.C. LAGEL and C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and C. SAIDOU and A. HAMIDO and S. ABDALLA and F. BAHABRI and A. GANASH} } @article {1249, title = {Antioxidant and anti corrosive properties of oil palm frond lignins extracted with different techniques. }, journal = {Ann. Forest Sc. }, volume = {72}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {17}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A. MOHD-SHAH and A.A. RAHIM and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and D. PERRIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1549, title = { Biobased foams from condensed tannin extracts from Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {144-153}, abstract = {

Different kinds of tannin-based foams were developed in the recent past with fisetinidin/robetinidin-type tannins extracted from mimosa (Acacia mearnsii) or quebracho (Schinopsis lorentzi) bark; or procyanidin-type tannins from pine (Pious pinaster and Pinus radiata). These biobased porous products revealed excellent properties similar to their synthetic counterparts in many applications. Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark is another large potential source of procyanidin-type tannins. In this study rigid and homogeneous foams were produced from purified tannins containing at least 80\% of polyflavonoid condensed tannins. This paper deals with the study of spruce tannins reactivity for rigid foam formulations. Characterization results have point out their very good mechanical resistance (sigma \> 0.08 MPa), and low thermal conductivities (lambda \< 0.045 W/m/K) at low densities (d \< 50kg/m3).

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294580}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M. COP and K. KEMPPAINEN and S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and M.P. LABORIE and M. SERNEK and A. CELZARD} } @article {1578, title = { Catalytic conversion of methane over a biomass char for hydrogen production: deactivation and regeneration by steam gasification }, journal = { APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL }, volume = {490}, year = {2015}, pages = {170-180}, abstract = {

CH4 decomposition over a wood char was investigated as an alternative green catalyst.to produce hydrogen from hydrocarbons. Pyrolytic carbon (pyrocarbon) deposition leads to apparent deactivation of the catalyst by pore-mouth plugging. The activity of the carbon bed and its available surface area are easily restored by H2O gasification. The used char with pyrocarbon deposition was even found to be more reactive to gasification than the fresh char used in our conditions. This finding was highlighted by: (i) determination of gasification reaction extents by steam, (ii) temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) of the fresh, used and reactivated chars and (iii) TPO under differential scanning calorimetry of these chars and demineralised chars. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analysis of the chars showed different multiscale organisation of the carbon materials (disordered and graphitic mesoporous nanostructures). The fast regeneration of the used char could be attributed to the catalytic effect of the minerals present in the char that are reduced under our conditions of CH4 conversion. The predominant oxidation of the pyrocarbon compared to the char during its regeneration is evidenced through differential annealing (at 1800 degrees C) followed by XRD analysis. The oxidation of pyrocarbon is faster than the oxidation of the weakly reactive mesoporous carbon in char as shown by the HRTEM analysis. Consequently, wood char is an effective, easy to regenerate and cheap catalyst for converting hydrocarbons (CH4 or tar) into syngas.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01227900}, author = {A. DUFOUR and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and F. BROUST and C. COURSON and A. ZOULALIAN and J.N. ROUZAUD} } @article {1568, title = { Characterization of Miscanthus pyrolysis by DRIFTs, UV Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {113}, year = {2015}, pages = {402-411}, abstract = {

The aim of this work was to identify and quantify the chemical and structural modifications occurring during the pyrolysis of Miscanthus x giganteus. Miscanthus was pyrolyzed at slow heating rate (5 K/min) in the temperature range 200-400 degrees C. The biochars were then characterized by combining diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectrometry (DRIFTs) and Ultraviolet Raman spectrometry (UV Raman). In addition, the quantification of the functional groups remained on the biochars was conducted by temperature programmed desorption-mass spectrometer (TPD-MS) analysis.

DRIFT analysis showed that the decrease in the hydroxyl and C-H stretching bands and the evolution of the carboxyl vibration peak mainly occur between 300 and 350 degrees C. The evolution of the main markers (H2O, CO, CO2, CH4, and H-2) of the functional groups presents in the biochars as analyzed by TPD-MS is consistent with the spectroscopic analysis. It shows two peaks. The first one in the temperature range of 200-380 degrees C was explained by the loss of the main O- and H- containing groups and to the main primary volatile compounds. The second step (above 380 degrees C) can be interpreted by the rearrangement of the aromatic rings in the polycyclic structure.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01230722}, author = {Y. ELMAY and Y. LE-BRECH and L. DELMOTTE and A. DUFOUR and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU} } @article {1592, title = { Characterization of sumac (Rhus tripartitum) root barks tannin for a potential use in wood adhesives formulation }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {49}, year = {2015}, pages = {205-221}, abstract = {

The phenolic composition of sumac root barks was studied. Colorimetric assays, FT-IR and NMR were used to examine the phenolic composition and tannins nature. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry was used to examine the structure of the tannin oligomers. TGA analysis was used to study the thermal stability of sumac tannin extract. Analyzes showed that sumac root barks are rich in condensed tannins, especially procyanidin and prodelphinidin types. Flavonoid oligomers of dimers, trimers, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers kind were detected in MALDI-TOF-positive ion mode analysis. TGA analysis showed thermal stability of sumac tannins compared to other condensed tannin types and pomegranate hydrolyzable tannins.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02009673}, author = {S. BEN-MAHMOUD and H. SAAD and B. CHARRIER and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and N. AYED and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1560, title = { Characterization of the curing process of mixed pine and spruce tannin-based foams by different methods }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {69}, year = {2015}, pages = {29-37}, abstract = {

Dielectric analysis, rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry were used in this study to analyse the curing process of tannin-based foams using mixture of maritime pine and Norway spruce tannins. The amounts of blowing agent (pentane) and catalyst (para-toluene sulphonic acid) were varied with the aim of monitoring the changes in the curing processes of foams.

A thermal analysis carried out by differential scanning calorimetry revealed an almost finished reaction at the time of the peak temperature, occurring from the reaction of foaming, whereas conversion results derived from dielectric analysis and rheological tests indicated that curing process began after the occurrence of maximum temperature. With increased catalyst concentration, the start of curing process was accelerated, while a raised amount of pentane delayed the curing process. The curing process of the tannin-based foams was divided into three characteristic phases: the induction phase, the expansion phase, and the structure-strengthening phase.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598441}, author = {M. COP and B. GOSPODARIC and K. KEMPPAINEN and S. GIOVANDO and M.P. LABORIE and A. PIZZI and M. SERNEK} } @article {1237, title = {Characterization of two cellulosic waste material (orange and almonde peels) and their use for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions }, journal = {Maderas Ciencia y tecnologia}, volume = {17}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {69}, author = {M. BOUMEDIENE and H. BENA{\"I}SSA and B. GEORGE and S. MOLINA and A. MERLIN} } @article {1561, title = { Comparison of the impact of different extraction methods on polyphenols yields and tannins extracted from Moroccan Acacia mollissima barks }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {70}, year = {2015}, pages = {245-252}, abstract = {

The performance of three techniques, conventional maceration at room temperature, infusion and microwave assisted extraction, was evaluated to extract polyphenols, condensed and hydrolysable tannins from Moroccan barks of Acacia mollissima. A comparison of these methods was performed using colorimetric assays. For each technique, the effect of extraction conditions on the yield extracts was evaluated. The variables studied are: solvent nature, barks ages, time extraction, power extraction and heat interaction with solvent nature and barks ages. This study proved that the choice of solvent extraction was a relation of the extraction method used and the extractible nature (polyphenols, condensed or hydrolysable tannins). Methanol was the best solvent to extract tannin and polyphenols using maceration at room temperature, and ethanol was the best for infusion at 60 degrees C. Microwave was more selective to extract polyphenols and tannins under extraction solvent used. Highest polyphenols contents was obtained using methanol. For condensed and hydrolysable tannins, the highest were obtained using water. The polyphenols contents extracted using maceration was closed to the yield obtained with microwave, 354 mg GAE/g bark, 442 mg GAE/g bark, respectively. This study proved the pertinence of traditional methods to extract polyphenols and tannins compared to the new extraction method (microwave). The best polyphenols yields, condensed and hydrolysable tannins were obtained by microwave followed by the yield obtained by maceration and finally the yield obtained by infusion.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01595994}, author = {R. NAIMA and M. OUMAM and H. HANNACHE and A. SESBOU and B. CHARRIER and A. PIZZI and F.C. EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1572, title = { Cutting and grinding wheels for angle grinders with a bioresin matrix }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {264-269}, abstract = {

By using biosourced raw materials such as condensed tannins and furfuryl alcohol a biosourced thermoset resin was developed and used and tested for a new application: as a resin matrix of solid grinding wheels for angle grinders. The manufacturing procedure developed is particularly easy. Cutting and grinding discs based on this green resin were used for bonding different sizes of abrasive particles of aluminium trioxide. These discs were characterized and showed excellent abrasiveness and cutting properties. Their mechanical resistance was found to be comparable to that of commercial grinding discs bonded with synthetic phenolic resins. They tolerated well the severe stresses induced on them at 11,000 revolutions per minute (rpm) by operation in an angle grinder when grinding or cutting steel.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598432}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and J. ZHANG and A. PIZZI} } @article {1562, title = {Dataset for validating 1-D heat and mass transfer models within building walls with hygroscopic materials}, journal = { BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT }, volume = {89}, year = {2015}, pages = {356-368}, abstract = {

To assist with the correct design of buildings, many computational models have been developed to assess the transient heat, air, and moisture (HAM) transfer within building walls. Validation of these computational models is essential to gain confidence in the codes.

This paper provides datasets for validating 1-D heat and mass transfer models step by step, gradually increasing the complexity of a multilayer wall with hygroscopic components. The experiments were performed using a double climatic chamber. The climatic conditions on either side of the wall progress from the simplest boundary conditions (isothermal) to more complex ones with oscillations that mimic the mid-season period. To assess the hygrothermal response of the tested walls under such climatic conditions, the conditions of ambient air and the temperature and humidity profiles within the wall thickness are monitored during the test. This paper gives some detailed information on the chamber design, the instrumentation, the materials, and the climatic conditions so that other researchers can use the collected data for validation of their models or to build future test facilities. The results obtained with the test facility highlight the coupling that exists between heat and mass transfers across multilayer walls using hygroscopic components. The heat release by moisture adsorption is observed in the temperatures profiles. During the mid-season period, the results show the differences of the phase shift and the amplitude attenuation of the temperature and the water vapour pressure across the wall thickness.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01598447}, author = {H. RAFIDIARISON and R. REMOND and E. MOUGEL} } @article {1585, title = { Design and characterization of a portable heat storage facility }, journal = { MECHANICS \& INDUSTRY }, volume = {16}, year = {2015}, abstract = {

This paper deals with the experimental investigation of transient behavior and thermal storage capability of a sensible heat storage unit. The former is designed to store solar energy by using sand as a storage medium. A cubic unit has been designed employing three configurations of embedded charging tubes to study the performances of the system. The storage material used in this experimentation (sand) has been characterized by its, grain size, density, and heat capacity. Performances of the thermal storage bed (including charging time, energy stored rate, charging energy efficiency) have been evaluated for selecting the storage material. From our experiments, we found that the number of charging tubes affects significantly the storage performances.

}, author = {N. MAHFOUDI and A. KHACHKOUCH and A. MOUMMI and B. BENHAOUA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1577, title = { Development and characterization of abrasive grinding wheels with a tannin-furanic resins matrix }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {65}, year = {2015}, pages = {343-348}, abstract = {

A 100\% biosourced thermoset material based on condensed tannin-furanic thermoset resins, thus using biosourced raw materials, has been used as the resin matrix of solid grinding wheels. Moreover, this new thermoset material is produced by a simple process, which can be easily industrialized. Grinding wheels based on this resin bonding different mineral and organic abrasive powders were developed and characterized. These grinding wheels show excellent abrasiveness properties when compared to a commercial grinding wheel.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01597078}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1414, title = {Dielectric barrier discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure to enhance pine wood surfaces hydrophilic character and adhesion properties}, journal = {Wood Research}, volume = {60 }, year = {2015}, chapter = {773-782}, author = {ZHANG, J. and PIZZI, A. and LAGEL, M.C. and DU, G. and ZHOU, X. and WANG,H.} } @article {1542, title = {The effect of the composition of spruce and pine tannin-based foams on their physical, morphological and compression properties}, journal = {INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS}, volume = {74}, year = {2015}, pages = {158-164}, abstract = {

Tannin-based foams were successfully prepared, using Norway spruce and maritime pine tannins. Various parameters, including the amount of procyanidins, were varied in order to observe the effect of changes in the density of the foam, on the structure its pores, and on the homogeneity, compressive strength, and compressive modulus of the foams. It was found that an optimum amount of spruce tannin exists, which results in a foam with the lowest density whereas the amount of cross-linker affects homogeneity, and the foam morphology is defined by the surfactant A partial replacement of pine tannin with spruce tannin decreased the foaming temperature and led to decreased compressive strength and a decreased compressive modulus of the foams. The main attribute affecting the reaction was the amount of polyphenols, or the amount of impurities (cellulosic sugars) present in the tannin extract.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599795}, author = {M. COP and C. LACOSTE and M. CONRADI and M.P. LABORIE and A. PIZZI and M. SERNEK} } @article {1252, title = {Enhanced properties of oil palm fronds (OPF) lignin fractions produced via tangential ultrafiltration technique }, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {66}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {1}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and D. PERRIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1250, title = {Enhancement of mechanical strength of environmentally friendly Pinus tannins adhesives for particleboards production using cellulose nanofibers.}, journal = {Ann. Forest Sc.}, volume = {72}, year = {2015}, pages = {27-32}, abstract = {

Condensed tannins have been successfully used as substitutes for phenol in the production of resins for wood products. However, the enhancement of the properties of tannin-based resins with nontoxic and cost effective additives is of great interest.

In the present work, the performance enhancement of tannin-based particleboards with cellulose nanofibers was investigated.

In presence of 2 \% of cellulose nanofibers, the viscosity of tannin-based adhesives and the internal bonding strength (IB) of the corresponding particleboards were increased from 350 to 5,462 mPa center dot s and from 0.85 to 0.98 MPa respectively. The modulus of elastic (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the resins were also notably increased while thickness swelling (TS) of the panels was not affected.

The addition of cellulose nanofibers to tannin adhesives is an effective method for the production of high performance particleboards. Tannin-based adhesive containing 2 \% of cellulose nanofibers exhibits the best mechanical strength.

The addition of cellulose nanofibers into tannin-based adhesives notably enhanced the mechanical properties of the wood particleboards produced. The formulation containing 2 \% (w/w) of cellulose nanofibers exhibited the best mechanical strength.

}, author = {J. CUI and X. LU and X. ZHOU and L. CHRUSCIEL and Y. DENG and H. ZHOU and S. ZHU and N. BROSSE} } @article {1410, title = {Evaluating mold growth in tannin-resin and flax fiber biocomposites}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod.,}, year = {2015}, author = {SEGOVIA, C. and SAUGET, A. and BESSERER, A. and KUENY, R. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1395, title = {Evaluation of axial impregnation as an alternative to classical wood vacuum pressure impregnation method.}, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, volume = {17(4)}, year = {2015}, pages = {883 - 892}, author = {DAMAY, J. and FREDON, E. and LEMMENS, P. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1257, title = {Experimental and numerical analysis of the structural response of adhesively reconstituted beech timber beams (2015) }, journal = {Composite Structures}, volume = {119}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {206}, author = {V.D. TRAN and M. OUDJENE and P.J. MEAUSOONE} } @article {1258, title = {FE simulation of repaired timber beams under tensile load using CFRP patches.}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {29}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {158}, author = {M. KHELIFA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1551, title = { Finite element analysis of flexural strengthening of timber beams with Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {101}, year = {2015}, pages = {364-375}, abstract = {

This study focuses on the flexural behaviour of timber beams externally reinforced using Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Plastics (CFRP). A non-linear finite element analysis was proposed, and was validated with respect to experimental tests carried out on seven beams. All the beams had the same square cross-section geometry and were loaded under four-point bending, but had different numbers of CFRP layers. The Abaqus software was used, and different material models were evaluated with respect to their ability to describe the behaviour of the solid timber beams. Elasto-plastic behaviour with damage effect was assumed for the timber material, linear elastic isotropic model was used for the CFRP, and a cohesive model was used to represent the interaction between two adherent surfaces (CFRP and timber). These two surfaces were paired and, taking into account the presence of an adhesive layer, one of them was defined as the master surface whilst the other was the slave surface. Predicted and measured load-mid-span deflection responses and failure modes were compared. The increases of flexural strength for the two different reinforcement schemes with 2 and 3 layers of CFRP composite sheets were 41.82\% and 60.24\%, respectively, with respect to the unreinforced timber beams. The maximal difference between calculated and experimental ultimate load-bearing capacity for reinforced solid timber beams with 2-layers of CFRP was around 1.2\%.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294583}, author = {M. KHELIFA and S. AUCHET and P.J. MEAUSOONE and A. CELZARD} } @article {1558, title = { First Tools for Tannin-Furanic Foams Design }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {5233-5241}, abstract = {

Formaldehyde-free quebracho tannin foams were prepared for the first time. Several simple formulations have been presented in order to study the capital influence of each component on foaming and therefore on the characteristics of the obtained foams. Incorporation of a non-ionic surfactant leads to smaller cells and a more homogeneous cell size distribution. Cross-linking agents improve the mechanical properties of foams. A combination of different catalysts allows control of the ratio between the expansion/hardening processes. The understanding of the roles and interactions of the different components of formulation make possible the design of tannin foams having specific properties.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294586}, author = {M.C. BASSO and M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1570, title = { Flavonoid tannins linked to long carbohydrate chains - MALDI-TOF analysis of the tannin extract of the African locust bean shells }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {25-32}, abstract = {

Nere (Parkia biglobosa) or African locust bean tree tannins have been extracted in two different ways: (i) by an artisanal maceration method and (ii) by a commercial-like extraction in presence of bisulfite. The type of oligomers obtained in the two cases were rather different. Mostly polyphenolic oligomers are present in the case of the commercial like extraction, while for the artisanal maceration technique the unusual presence of long carbohydrate residues attached to the flavonoids were obtained. MALDI-TOF analysis showed short flavonoid oligomers linked to chains presenting up to 22 carbohydrate residues. Some stilbenes were also noticed in the extracts. These differences in the extracts obtained by different methods indicates that an extraction procedure needs to be chosen according to the final use the tannin extract is destined to.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598433}, author = {S. DROVOU and A. PIZZI and C. LACOSTE and J.Z. ZHANG and S. ABDULLA and F.M. EL-MARZOUKI} } @article {1553, title = { Flexural strengthening of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams with CFRP }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {29}, year = {2015}, pages = {2104-2116}, abstract = {

This study describes an experimental and numerical investigation of the use of CFRP material for strengthening finger-jointed Spruce timber beams. The corresponding experimental work was based on a four-point bending test configuration in order to characterise stiffness, ductility and strength. The results show that the external bonding of CFRP increased the ultimate load-bearing capacity of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams under flexure. FE simulations were also carried out, based on the cohesive zone model (CZM) available in Abaqus software to allow an accurate description of the damage evolution of the bond lines within the finger joint until failure. The FE models incorporated the different materials\&$\#$39; nonlinear constitutive laws including bond-slip action between finger joints and CFRP-timber interface. The results indicated increases of 33.84\% and 16.7\% for flexural capacity and initial stiffness, respectively, in comparison with unreinforced finger-jointed Spruce specimens. Besides, comparisons of computed and experimental ultimate loads for all tested specimens showed that the absolute error was around 5\%. It is concluded that the developed FE models are able to predict accurately ultimate load and failure mode of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams strengthened with CFRP materials.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294579}, author = {M. KHELIFA and M.A. LAHOUAR and A. CELZARD} } @article {1567, title = { Formaldehyde-Free Prorobitenidin/Profi setinidin Tannin/Furanic Foams Based on Alternative Aldehydes: Glyoxal and Glutaraldehyde }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {3}, year = {2015}, pages = {142-150}, abstract = {

Tannin/furanic foams, typically 95\% composed of materials of natural origin such as prorobinetinidin/profisetinidin tannins and furfuryl alcohol, are potential alternatives to oil-based synthetic foams such as phenol-formaldehyde, and polyurethane foams. This article describes the development of second generation tannin/furanic foams, which are not only formaldehyde free, but also use nonvolatile, nontoxic aldehydes. Both glyoxal and glutaraldehyde were tried to substitute formaldehyde in tannin/furanic foams. The physical properties of these new foams are described and discussed. It was found that glutaraldehyde can totally substitute formaldehyde during tannin/furanic foam preparation, but that glyoxal cannot. The optimized proportion to prepare such new foams is tannin: glutaraldehyde = 30:4 by weight. Formaldehyde-free glutaraldehyde-containing foams are open-celled and present good compression resistance and high thermal insulation.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294584}, author = {X. LI and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1389, title = {Furanic copolymers with synthetic and natural phenolic materials for wood adhesives - a MALDI TOF study}, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, year = {2015}, month = { 17/2015}, pages = {99 - 104}, author = {S. ABDALLA and A. PIZZI and F. BAHABRY and A. GANASH} } @article {1396, title = {The GSTome reflects the chemical environment of white-rot fungi.}, year = {2015}, author = {A. DEROY and F. SAIAG and Z. KEBBI-BENKEDER and N. TOUAHRI and A. HECKER and M. MOREL-ROUHIER and F. COLIN and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN and E. GELHAYE} } @article {1398, title = {Heat treatment of Tunisian soft wood species: effect on the durability, chemical modifications and mechanical properties.}, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, volume = {17(4)}, year = {2015}, pages = {699 - 710}, author = {M. ELAIEB and K. CANDELIER and A. PETRISSANS and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1579, title = { High Resolution Solid State 2D NMR Analysis of Biomass and Biochar }, journal = { ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY }, volume = {87}, year = {2015}, pages = {843-847}, abstract = {

Solid state NMR methods are required to analyze biomass as a function of its chemical or biological treatment for biofuels, chemicals, or biochar production. The native polymers network in lignocellulosic biomass and other solid materials, such as coal, coke, or biochar, can hardly be analyzed by liquid state NMR due to their poor swelling ability without chemical modification. A H-1-C-13 two-dimensional heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) experiment with frequency-switched Lee-Goldburg (FSLG) irradiation is performed on a high field spectrometer (750 MHz). This method leads to previously unattained resolution for biomass and biochar and offers a unique ability to reveal their chemical composition. The formation of aromatic moieties from carbohydrates and lignin thermal conversion is clearly distinguished. This method can be applied to all other carbonaceous materials.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01101584}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and L. DELMOTTE and J. RAYA and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1573, title = { High surface - Highly N-doped carbons from hydrothermally treated tannin }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {66}, year = {2015}, pages = {282-290}, abstract = {

Nitrogen-doped carbon materials (NCMs) were obtained by amination of tannin by hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC). NCMs presented different morphologies depending on the amination method: (i) powders by HTC of tannin in a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution; (ii) gels without using any crosslinker by HTC in distilled water of tannin first dissolved in concentrated ammonia and then evaporated. Whatever the method, (i) or (ii), HTC was carried out at different temperatures: 180, 190, 200, 210 or 220 degrees C, with further pyrolysis at 900 degrees C under nitrogen. The morphology and chemical composition of the resultant materials were discussed. We compared our results with those reported in the open literature and we concluded that HTC of tannin in a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution allowed obtaining outstanding materials because they have both surface areas, higher than 500 m(2) g(-1), and high N content, around 8 wt.\%.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294754}, author = {F.L. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and M.T. IZQUIERDO and J. PARMENTIER and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and P. FIOUX and A. CELZARD} } @article {1409, title = {Hydrogel-based boron salt formulations for wood preservation}, journal = {Wood Sci. Technol}, volume = {49(3)}, year = {2015}, pages = {443-456}, author = {F. OBOUNOU-AKONG and P. GERARDIN and MF. TH{\'E}VENON and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {1565, title = { Hydroxypropyl tannin from Pinus pinaster bark as polyol source in urethane chemistry }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {152-165}, abstract = {

Novel thermosetting polyphenol-based polyurethane (PU) films were prepared using condensed tannin (CTs) and hydroxypropyl tannin derivatives (HPTs) from Pinus pinaster bark and diisocyanates. Four HPTs with a degree of substitution (DS) rising stepwise from 1 to 4 were crosslinked with either an aromatic (polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI)) or an aliphatic isocyanate (hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)). Chemical structure, moisture sorption, thermal, and morphological properties of the films were studied. Properties varies with NCO:OH ratio (0.5-4.0), DS, diisocyanate type, and cross-link density (CD). Partial tannin hydroxypropylation (DS 2, 3) based/films showed a flexible-type character in term of Young\&$\#$39;s modulus, elongation and tensile strain. Significant relationships were established between CD and physicochemical properties. HPTs constitute suitable macro building-block polyols for urethane chemistry.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598443}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and S. PACZKOWSKI and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1586, title = { Hyperbranched Poly(amidoamine)s as Additives for Urea Formaldehyde Resin and Their Application in Particleboard Fabrication }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {782-792}, abstract = {

Three types of hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s (PAMAMs), namely HB(MA-EDA)1, HB(MA-EDA)3, and HB(MA-DETA)1.2, were synthesized and used as modifiers for urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. Particleboards bonded with these modified UF resins were fabricated and evaluated. The results showed that these PAMAMs caused some adverse effects on UF resin performance. The main problems of PAMAMs were their high buffer capacity and high pH values, which are attributed to the peripheral amino groups at the terminals, both of which had a serious negative influence on UF resin curing. These findings were supported by the gel time measurements in parallel with a predictive investigation on the resins using thermomechanical analysis (TMA). The gel time was prolonged, and the maximum modulus of elasticity (MOE) values decreased with the addition of HB(MA-EDA)3. The use of a strong acid curing agent (HCOOH) could reduce the gel time into a normal range; however the performance of the corresponding particleboards still deteriorated. Therefore, these PAMAMs are considered not suitable for the modification of UF resin when applied as final additives. Beyond all expectations, the modified UF resin that employed very finite amounts of HB(MA-EDA)1 as a pH regulator instead of NaOH yielded a considerable upgrade in performance of the produced particleboards.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01598426/}, author = {J.Z. ZHANG and S. AMIROU and H.A. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and Q. GAO and J.Z. LI} } @article {1563, title = { Immunomodulatory and anticancer effects of Pituranthos tortuosus essential oil }, journal = { TUMOR BIOLOGY }, volume = {36}, year = {2015}, pages = {5165-5170}, abstract = {

Many studies have been performed to assess potential utility of natural products as immunomodulants to enhance antitumor activity in situ. In this study, an essential oil (EO) from the aerial parts of Pituranthos tortuosus was prepared using hydrodistillation, its composition was characterized, and its immunomodulatory potential was assessed. The results indicated that the EO contained sabinene, a-pinene, limonene, and terpinen-4-ol as major constituents. EO was also found to be able to significantly promote lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, suggestive of a potential for activation of B cells and enhanced humoral immune responses in hosts given this product. Effects of EO on cell proliferation and apoptosis were also investigated in B16F10 melanoma cells. EO-induced tumor cell growth inhibition was associated with characteristic apoptotic changes in the cells, including nuclear condensation. In conclusion, these data suggested to us that an EO of P. tortuosus could evolve to be a potential medicinal resource for use in the treatment of cancers.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598446}, author = {M. KRIFA and H. EL-MEKDAD and N. BENTOUATI and A. PIZZI and K. GHEDIRA and M. HAMMAMI and S.E. EL-MESHRI and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA} } @article {1557, title = {Improved corrosion inhibition of mild steel by chemically modified lignin polymers from Elaeis guineensis agricultural waste}, journal = {MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS}, volume = {163}, year = {2015}, pages = {201-212}, abstract = {

This article describes that the modification of lignin by incorporation of aromatic scavengers (2-naphthol: AHN EOL and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone: AHD EOL) during delignification process has improved the physical properties of the lignin fractions. Smaller fragments of lignin with high phenolic -OH content, increased solubility and antioxidant activity have led to improved inhibitive property of the modified lignin. The inhibition efficiency (84-93\%) of both modified lignin (500 ppm) were observed to be better than unmodified organosolv lignin (EOL). It was deduced that the inhibition process was spontaneous and the inhibitors were mainly physically adsorbed onto the mild steel surface.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and N. BROSSE} } @article {1580, title = { Improving strength grading of timber by grain angle measurement and mechanical modeling }, journal = { WOOD MATERIAL SCIENCE \& ENGINEERING }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {145-156}, abstract = {

Timber strength grading has become a major issue in the European Union during the last years, due to the introduction of the Eurocode 5 and all its related standards. Currently, the most performing strength grading machines are able to locally detect the boards\&$\#$39; knots sizes and positions and interpret this information through adapted grading models. The best lead to improve their accuracy seems to be the introduction of new information about the boards and adapt the mechanical model to take them in account. Small grain angle causes high reduction of clear wood\&$\#$39;s mechanical properties; local value of slope of grain appears to be of high interest. The aim of this study is to quantify the additional accuracy that grain angle information can bring to an optical scanner used as a strength grading machine. A specific grading model has been developed accordingly, and the results obtained for different machine/model/loading combinations are presented. These results show that slope of grain measurement can significantly improve the accuracy of the optical scanner, for both modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture estimations.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01063383}, author = {J. VIGUIER and A. JEHL and R. COLLET and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. MERIAUDEAU} } @article {1589, title = { Improving urea formaldehyde resin properties by glyoxalated soda bagasse lignin }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {77-85}, abstract = {

The aim of this research was a reduction of formaldehyde emission and the improvement of the water resistance of urea formaldehyde (UF) resins by incorporating glyoxalated soda bagasse lignin. For this purpose, various contents of unmodified and glyoxalated lignins (10, 15 and 20 \%) were added at pH = 7 instead of second urea during the UF resin synthesis. The properties of the resins as well as water absorption, shear strength, and formaldehyde emission of plywood panels made with these adhesives were measured. Among all the resins synthesized, the resin yielding the best results (based on formaldehyde emission and gelation time as well as water absorption, mechanical strength, and formaldehyde content of the associated panels) was selected, and its properties were further analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD). The lignin based resins yielded good shear strength of the plywood panels, passing comfortably relevant international standard specifications; the panels also showed lower formaldehyde emission and water absorption when compared to commercial UF adhesives. Based on these findings, it was attempted to improve the performance of soda bagasse lignin in UF resins by glyoxalation. The UF resin containing 15 \% glyoxalated lignin (GLUF15) still exhibited less water absorption and formaldehyde release without significant differences in shear strength and physicochemical properties compared to the UF resin control. DSC analysis indicated that in comparison to UF resin the curing process of GLUF resin shifted to lower temperatures. According to the FTIR spectra, by addition of lignin the proportion of C-N bond in methylene linkages decreases when urea is partly replaced by lignin or glyoxalated lignin. XRD analysis indicated that the crystallinity of the UF resins decreased with addition of glyoxalated lignin.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01597471}, author = {H. YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI and S. KAZEMI-NAJAFI and R.B. ESHKIKI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1415, title = {The influence of heat and chemical treatments of beech wood on the shear strength of welded and UF bonded specimens, }, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod. }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, chapter = {685-687}, author = {ZIGON, J. and PIZZI, A. and ZHANG, H. and SEGA, B. and COP, M. and {\v S}ERNEK, M.} } @article {1555, title = {An interpretation of the hydrogen inhibiting effect on chemical vapor deposition of pyrocarbon}, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {115}, year = {2015}, pages = {299-306}, abstract = {

A detailed kinetic mechanism, based on elementary steps, modeling both pyrocarbon deposition and gas phase composition obtained by propane pyrolysis on carbon fibers was recently proposed. This model, based on heterogeneous and homogeneous elementary steps was efficient to predict pyrocarbon deposition rate and gas phase composition when the influence of temperature (1173-1323 K), residence time (0.5-4s), carbon surface fibers, and reactor inlet mixture were studied. In this paper, we discuss experimental and modeling results of hydrogen inhibiting effects on pyrocarbon deposited and gas phase composition during propane/hydrogen pyrolysis (temperature 1273 K, residence time 1 s, surface fibers 3960 cm(-1)). Simulated results are coherent with experimental data when the pyrocarbon deposition rate is studied. Compared to pure propane chemical vapor deposition, the mole fractions of C-2 gas phase species are not affected by an increasing of hydrogen inlet, whereas pyrocarbon deposition rate and mole fractions of C-3 and aromatic species decrease. These results also confirm, in accordance with the literature, that hydrogen inhibits highly the formation of pyrocarbon and aromatic species.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01266246}, author = {I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and R. FOURNET and R. LACROIX and P.M. MARQUAIRE} } @article {1397, title = {Investigations on Wood Treatment by Eco-friendly Hydroxypolyurethanes}, journal = { INTERNATIONAL WOOD PRODUCTS JOURNAL }, volume = {6}, year = {2015}, pages = {31-35}, abstract = {

Dimensional stabilisation is a crucial property for using wood in most applications. Therefore an isocyanate-free route is proposed, based on the reaction of various diamines with dicarbonates obtained by addition of two glycerol carbonates moieties on a linker. For the initial experiments, the mildest conditions to perform the reaction are researched with model mono-and polyamines without wood: solvent, temperature, number of equivalent and regioselectivity were investigated. Subsequently, beech wood blocks were impregnated by a double vacuum process involving cyclic carbonates and then polyamines. The key step was a polycondensation performed in the beech blocks after the monomers had been impregnated. Resistance of treatment to leaching, anti-swelling efficiency and decay durability versus Poria placenta were evaluated. Results were promising with ASE values of about 70\% for a weight gain of approximately 30\% after leaching. Biological tests indicated also an improvement of resistance to fungal decay of beech wood.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01597990}, author = {S. DUMARCAY and K. IAYCH and A. LEMOR and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1566, title = { Isocyanate free condensed tannin-based polyurethanes }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {513-526}, abstract = {

Condensed flavonoid tannins from Maritime Pine (Pious pinaster), Mimosa (Acacia mearnsii), and Radiata Pine barks, and Quebracho (Schinopsis lorentzii and balansae) wood, were first reacted with dimethyl carbonate. Then hexamethylenediamine was added to these mixtures to form urethane linkages. The resulting materials were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Finally the resulting analysis indicated that the products obtained are polyurethanes. Initial wood coating applications tests were carried out under conditions of higher temperature and some pressure, and the contact angle of the surface coatings so prepared was measured.

}, author = {M. THEBAULT and A. PIZZI and H.A. ESSAWY and A. BARHOUM and G. VAN-ASSCHE} } @article {1543, title = {Kinetic modelling of char gasification by accounting for the evolution of the reactive surface area}, journal = {CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE}, volume = {138}, year = {2015}, pages = {281-290}, abstract = {

In combustion and gasification reactors, solid fuels such as coal or biomass undergo a pyrolysis step to form volatiles and a char. Pyrolysis is combined with an oxidation by O-2, H2O and/or CO2 of the resultant char. Here we propose an original approach to model the oxidation of a single char particle. The intrinsic chemical reactivity of the char surface is assessed by the reactive surface area (RSA). The evolution of the RSA upon the conversion of the particle (burn-off) is modelled by a specific kinetic law similar to the law used to model the evolution of active sites in catalysis. This approach is applied on experimental results taken from the literature for coal and wood chars for O-2, H2O or CO2 gasification. The evolution of the total surface area (TSA) is modelled by the random pore model. Diffusional limitations are also accounted for.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01196324}, author = {A. ZOULALIAN and R. BOUNACEUR and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1593, title = { Latest progresses in the preparation of tannin-based cellular solids }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PLASTICS }, volume = {51}, year = {2015}, pages = {89-102}, abstract = {

Tannins are non toxic, cheap and abundant polyphenolic oligomers extracted from tree barks. They can be easily used for preparing thermoset resins that are natural at the 70-95\% level, depending on the cases. From these resins, highly porous monoliths can be obtained by different techniques such as classical physical or chemical foaming, mixed physical/chemical foaming, by less-conventional methods such as emulsion-templating and stabilisation and hardening of either aerated emulsions or liquid foams. The resultant materials are not only interesting per se, but are also key precursors of novel cellular carbons having a broad range of applications. The present paper briefly reviews the latest advances for producing tannin-based cellular materials and their related characteristics and properties.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294757}, author = {A. CELZARD and A. SZCZUREK and P. JANA and V. FIERRO and M.C. BASSO and S. BOURBIGOT and M. STAUBER and A. PIZZI} } @article {1591, title = { Limoniastrum guyonianum methanol extract induces immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by activating cellular anti-oxidant activity }, journal = { DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY }, volume = {38}, year = {2015}, pages = {84-91}, abstract = {

Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of plant extracts is an interesting and growing area of research. In this study, effects of a methanolic extract of Limoniastrum guyonianum stems (M extract) on mice immune cell function in vitro were investigated. These studies showed that mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by the extract. Further, the lectin-induced response appeared to be more sensitive to the suppressive effects of the extract than were LPS-stimulated responses. In studies to assess any potential effects of extract on innate immunity, the results showed that the extract significantly enhanced the killing activity of isolated NK cells. In addition, studies here demonstrated that the extract could enhance lysosomal enzyme activity and inhibit nitrite oxide (NO) production by murine peritoneal macrophages ex vivo, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect in situ. The anti-inflammatory activity was concomitant with the cellular anti-oxidant effect in macrophages and splenocytes.

}, author = {M. KRIFA and N. MUSTAPHA and Z. GHEDIRA and K. GHEDIRA and A. PIZZI and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA} } @article {1253, title = {Lophira Lanceolata seed oil extraction method (ancestral or modern) modifies the properties of the oil}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, author = {G. NONVIHO and C. PARIS and L. MUNIGLIA and D. SOHOUNHLOUE and N. BROSSE} } @article {1248, title = {Low-pressure superheated steam drying of a porous media and the inversion temperature.}, journal = {Drying Technology: an International Journal}, volume = {33}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {111}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599789}, author = {S. MESSAI and J. SGHAIER and L. CHRUSCIEL and M. EL-GANAOUI and S. GABSI} } @article {1413, title = {MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of the curing of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) wood adhesives induced by propylene carbonate,}, journal = {, Eur. J. Wood Prod.}, volume = {73 }, year = {2015}, chapter = {135-138}, author = {ZHANG, J. and PIZZI, A. and LI, J. and ZHANG, W.} } @article {1400, title = {Mechanical properties of Aningeria superba (Aningre) and Austranella congolensis tannin adhesives}, journal = {Sylwan}, volume = {159(7)}, year = {2015}, pages = {317-328}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and L. MEVA{\textquoteright}A and M. MBUH-KUMA and L. HAI} } @article {1404, title = {Mechanical properties of welded wood joints with natural additives}, journal = {Holztechnologie}, volume = {56(6)}, year = {2015}, pages = {5-9}, author = {MI.PLACENTIA-PENA and M.RHEME and A.PIZZI and F.PICHELIN} } @article {1550, title = {MHD mixed convection and entropy generation of a nanofluid in a vertical porous channel}, journal = { COMPUTERS \& FLUIDS }, volume = {121}, year = {2015}, pages = {164-179}, abstract = {

A numerical study of entropy generation and MHD mixed convection flow of a nanofluid in a vertical porous channel is made. The left plate is thermally insulated, whereas four discrete heat sources dissipating a uniform heat flux are mounted on the right wall which is adiabatic elsewhere. Both assisting and opposing flows are considered. The Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model with the Boussinesq approximation is adopted and the finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations with the appropriate boundary conditions. The influence of the magnetic field strength (Hartmann number), Joule heating effect (Eckert number), buoyancy force intensity (Richardson number), nanoparticles volume fraction, as well as porous medium permeability (Darcy number) on velocity profiles, isotherms, isentropic lines, global Nusselt number and total entropy generation are analyzed. The results showed an enhancement on heat transfer rate by using a porous medium, a nanofluid, a magnetic field without taking into account the Joule heating and when mixed convection is assisted. Globally, entropy generation increases with the parameters cited above.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599798}, author = {I. FERSADOU and H. KAHALERRAS and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1576, title = { Microwave assisted extraction of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) bark: Impact of particle size and characterization }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {65}, year = {2015}, pages = {142-149}, abstract = {

The effect of particle size on the extraction of tannins by microwave assisted extraction (MAE) was studied for the first time to our knowledge. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) bark from the South West of France was sieved into five ranges of particle size before extraction was carried out in an ethanol-water solution. For each extraction, the extraction yield, the total polyphenolic content, the condensed tannins content, and the sugar content were quantified. The extracts were characterized by their reactivity to formaldehyde, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), H-1 NMR, and heteronuclear single correlation spectroscopy-2D NMR (HSQC 2D NMR). The MAE was also compared to a hot water based extraction. The effect of the particle size on the extraction efficiency was studied. The HSQC 2D NMR revealed that (epi) catechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechine, and epigallocatechine gallate were obtained. Higher amounts of condensed tannins, sugars, and simple flavonoids were extracted by MAE extraction.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599786}, author = {L. CHUPIN and S.L. MAUNU and S. REYNAUD and A. PIZZI and B. CHARRIER and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1548, title = { Natural albumin/tannin cellular foams }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {41-48}, abstract = {

Albumin/tannin-based foams were prepared under alkaline or acid conditions by whipping up a water solution of a protein, egg albumin, mixed with a second water solution of condensed flavonoid tannins. Foam formulations with 4 different condensed tannin bark extracts and different relative proportions of protein and tannin were developed with a rapid foaming process where the protein has a double function: co-reagent and surfactant as well. Physical properties such as mechanical performance, thermal conductivity, and porous structure were characterised to identify the large potential of applications of these new cellular foams, fully bio-based and probable easier biodegradability. Moreover, some albumin-based foams were found to be completely flexible in certain conditions.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294576}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1545, title = {A New Approach to Environmentally Friendly Protein Plastics and Foams}, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {8014-8024}, abstract = {

New formaldehyde-free and isocyanate-free bioplastics and biofoams were prepared by reacting ovoalbumin and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) at a moderate temperature. Analysis by C-13 NMR revealed a reaction between dimethyl carbonate and the amino and/or hydroxyl groups of the side chain of amino acids. The densities were between 0.6 and 1.1 g/cm(3) for the obtained plastics. Thermal and mechanical resistances peaked at 175 degrees C and 7.7 MPa, respectively. The Brinell hardness was 2. The prepared foam exhibited a density of 0.1 g/cm(3) and an open cell structure. Impregnation with hexamethylene diamine (DAH) allowed for the preparation of materials with elastic mechanical behavior through the reaction of DAH and DMC. The new plastics and foams derived from ovoalbumin protein were markedly more environmentally friendly.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01598436}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1583, title = { NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER DURING SOLIDIFICATION IN A RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE WITH INTERNALLY HORIZONTAL PARTIAL FINS}, journal = { COMPUTATIONAL THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, pages = {293-312}, abstract = {

The paper aims to investigate numerically the thermal and flow characteristics of an internally finned rectangular enclosure during the solidification process of a superheated phase change material (PCM). This work is motivated by the need to intensify heat transfer and accelerate the discharge process in latent heat storage units. A mathematical model is developed and a fixed-grid enthalpy formulation is adopted for modeling the solidification process coupling with convection-conduction heat transfer. The finite volume method was used for discretization. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental and numerical ones found in the literature and reasonable agreement is obtained. Numerical investigations were carried out to evaluate the effects of the aspect ratios of the rectangular enclosure, A, and fins, A(f), on the heat transfer enhancement, by keeping the mass of the PCM and fins constant. Solutions are obtained for aspect ratios A (ranging from 3 to 8) and A(f) (ranging from 2.69 to 13.89). A comparative study of finned and unfinned enclosures shows clearly that introducing fins weakens the undesirable natural convection, improves the nondimensional rate of heat extraction, and assures rapid solidification. Results indicate that for an aspect ratio A = 4 and in the range of the aspect ratio A(f) explored in this study, the nondimensional solidification time is reduced by 17.74\%. The results also reveal that for a fin aspect ratio of A(f) = 5, the nondimensional solidification time is reduced by 49.48\% when the aspect ratio of the enclosure, A, varies from 3 to 8.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599785}, author = {L. KHATRA and H. EL-QARNIA and M. EL-GANAOUI and E. LAKHAL} } @article {1260, title = {Numerical modelling of 3D dowelled timber joints using advanced fully coupled hydro-mechanical constitutive equations }, journal = {Mechanics and Industry}, year = {2015}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1594, title = { Numerical Simulation of Entropy Generation in Hydrogen-Air Burner }, journal = { FDMP-FLUID DYNAMICS \& MATERIALS PROCESSING }, volume = {11}, year = {2015}, pages = {342-353}, abstract = {

The aim of this work is the numerical simulation of the combustion of hydrogen with air in a burner and the numerical solution of local entropy generation rate in the combustion chamber. The effects of equivalence ratio phi and oxygen percentage. on combustion and entropy generation rates are studied for different f(ranging from 0 to 1.0) and. values (ranging from 10 to 30\%). The predictions show that the increase of f (or the decrease of.) reduces notably the reaction rate levels. The equations of continuity, of energy and momentum are solved by volume finite using commercial code CFD Fluent, the effects of turbulence will be modeled by the RNG-K-epsilon model, on the other hand the generation of the entropy will be introduced in post-processing.

}, author = {S. MORSLI and A. SABEUR and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1587, title = { NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE SPREADING AND SOLIDIFICATION OF A MOLTEN PARTICLE IMPACTING ONTO A RIGID SUBSTRATE UNDER PLASMA SPRAYING CONDITIONS }, journal = { THERMAL SCIENCE }, volume = {19}, year = {2015}, pages = {277-284}, abstract = {

This paper deals with simulation of the spreading and solidification of a fully molten particle impacting onto a preheated substrate under traditional plasma spraying conditions. The multiphase problem governing equations of mass, momentum and energy conservation taking into account heat transfer by conduction, convection, and phase change are solved by using a finite element approach. The interface between molten particle and surrounding air, is tracked using the Level Set method. The effect of the Reynolds number on the droplet spreading and solidification, using a wide range of impact velocities (40-250 m/s), is reported. A new correlation that predicts the final spread factor of splat as a function of Reynolds number is obtained. Thermal contact resistance, viscous dissipation, wettability and surface tension forces effects are taken into account.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01592092}, author = {S. OUKACH and H. HAMDI and M. EL-GANAOUI and B. PATEYRON} } @article {1406, title = {Persoz hardness a useful property to study performance of exterior wood coatings}, journal = { International Wood Products Journal}, volume = { 6(4)}, year = {2015}, pages = { 174-180}, author = {L. MALASSENET and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN and L. PODGORSKI} } @article {1411, title = {Phenolic and lipophilic extractives in Pinus merkusii Jungh. et de Vries knots and stemwood}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod}, volume = {69}, year = {2015}, pages = {466-471}, author = {A. WIJAYANTO and S. DUMARCAY and C. GERARDIN and R. KARTIKA-SARI and W. SYAFII and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1392, title = {Phenol-urea-formaldehyde resin co-polymer synthesis and its influence on elaeis palm trunk plywood mechanical performance evaluated by 13C-NMR and maldi-tof mass spectrometry,}, journal = {, Int. J. Adhesion Adhesives,}, volume = {63}, year = {2015}, month = { 2015}, pages = {117-123}, author = {Y. BENG-HOONG and A. PIZZI and L. ABDCHUAH and J. HARUN} } @article {1402, title = {Phenol-wheat protein-formaldehyde adhesives for wood-based panels}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod}, volume = {73(4)}, year = {2015}, pages = {439-448}, author = {MC. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. REDL and F.M. AL-MARZOUKI} } @article {1571, title = { Pine (P. pinaster) and quebracho (S. lorentzii) tannin-based foams as green acoustic absorbers }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {70-73}, abstract = {

Open cells structure tannin-furanic foams prepared using two different types of tannins have been shown to give good sound absorption/acoustic insulation characteristics at medium and high frequencies (1000-4000 Hz) with coefficients of acoustic absorption of 0.85-0.97. Their acoustic absorption coefficient was lower 0.40-0.60 at lower frequencies (250-500 Hz). Compared with commercial foams, tannin-furanic foams have the same typical behavior of light porous materials. The more open-cell is the material the better is its sound absorption. Thicker samples absorb better at medium frequencies for all types of porous material tested.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294760}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and E.E. EBANG and N. GALLON and B. CHARRIER} } @article {1559, title = { Preparation and Characterization of Grinding Wheels Based on a Bioresin Matrix and Glass Sand Abrasives }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {5369-5380}, abstract = {

A 100\% renewable, easily-prepared, and industrialized abrasive grinding wheel was produced based on a biobased thermosetting resins matrix; the matrix was made of condensed tannin-furanic resin, originating from biosourced raw materials such as tree barks and crops, which bond the particles of glass sand. These grinding wheels exhibited no cracks or pores. Moreover, the related properties of these products were characterized by the measurements of compression resistance, Brinell hardness, and wear resistance; the results were comparable to those of commercial grinding wheels prepared with synthetic phenolic resins and aluminum oxide particles. The results indicated that incomparable hardness and strong resistance towards compression can be obtained using the new tannin-based grinding wheels. Besides that, the results also revealed excellent properties of abrasiveness when compared to a commercial Taber Calibrade wheel H-18.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599793}, author = {J. ZHANG and H. LUO and A. PIZZI and G. DU and S. DENG} } @article {1544, title = {Preparation and Characterization of Lignin Polyols from the Residues of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch}, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {7339-7352}, abstract = {

In this work, lignin polyols were prepared from the liquefaction of kraft lignin and from the direct liquefaction of Elaeis guineensis lignocellulosic waste. The liquefaction reaction was performed with polyhydric alcohols using sulfuric acid as catalyst at 160 degrees C. The physical and chemical characterizations of lignin and lignin polyols were conducted by elemental analysis, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, molecular weight distribution, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Quantitative C-13 NMR showed that all aliphatic hydroxyl group values of polyols noticeably increased with the use of the two methods compared to kraft lignin. The average molecular weight analysis of the liquefied product showed that it exhibited high molecular weight compared to kraft lignin. Both structural and thermal characteristics suggest that lignin polyols would be a good substitute for kraft lignin in the synthesis of polymeric compounds such as environmentally friendly resins or wood adhesives, as it presents higher amounts of activated free ring positions, higher molecular weight, and high thermal stability.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01598213}, author = {A.H. FARIS and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and A.A. RAHIM and M.H. HUSSIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1399, title = {Quantification and characterization of knotwood extractives of 12 European softwood and hardwood species}, journal = {Ann. For. Sci}, volume = {72(2)}, year = {2015}, pages = {277-284}, author = {Z. KEBBI-BENKEDER and F. COLIN and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1584, title = { RANZ AND MARSHALL CORRELATIONS LIMITS ON HEAT FLOW BETWEEN A SPHERE AND ITS SURROUNDING GAS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE }, journal = { THERMAL SCIENCE }, volume = {19}, year = {2015}, pages = {1521-1528}, abstract = {

Direct numerical simulations for axisymmetric plasma jet are developed to investigate particle plasma spraying process. In this paper we study the plasma jet and we focus mainly on the plasma-particle exchanges. Finite element analysis employing COMSOL multiphysics software is used in this simulation. Finally, comparisons are made with the numerically observed particle Nusselt\&$\#$39;s numbers and theoretically predicted Nusselt\&$\#$39;s numbers based on the Ranz and Marshall correlation. The results agree well with those obtained previously.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599788}, author = {A. AISSA and M. ABDELOUAHAB and A. NOUREDDINE and M. EL-GANAOUI and B. PATEYRON} } @article {1412, title = {Reduction Formaldehyde Emission from Particleboard by Phenolated Kraft Lignin}, journal = {J. Adhesion. }, volume = {92(6)}, year = {2015}, pages = {485-497}, author = {YOUNESI-KORDKHEILI, H. and PIZZI, A. and NYIATZADE, G.} } @article {1547, title = {Reinforcement of dowel type connections}, journal = {CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS}, volume = {97}, year = {2015}, pages = {48-54}, abstract = {

A good design of dowel type fastener connections is essential to ensure safe designs for the whole structure and cost effective solutions. With reinforced connections, engineers can achieve better capacity of the connection and safer designs by increasing the ductility of the connection (so-called \"capacity design\" with a ductile connection to be the weak point). This paper presents an overview of the reinforcement of dowel type connections. Most of the failures encountered in dowel type connections occur because of an excess of shear stresses or tensile stresses perpendicular to the grain in the connection area. Because of the large amount of situations and reinforcement techniques, this report mainly focuses on the reinforcement of dowel-type connections when the dowels are mainly loaded parallel to the grain. For such connections, modes of failure of un-reinforced and reinforced connections, updated design models and the effect of the reinforcement on the ductility of the connection will be presented. Among the various types of reinforcement techniques available, nowadays, self-tapping screws have found a wide field of application and they will be the main focus of this report.

}, author = {D. LATHUILLIERE and L. BL{\'E}RON and T. DESCAMPS and J.F. BOCQUET} } @article {1251, title = {Resolution solid state 2D NMR analysis of biomass and biochar }, journal = {Analytical Chemistry }, volume = {87}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {843}, author = {Y. LEBRECH and L. DELMOTTE and J. RAYA and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1554, title = { Scrutiny of plasma spraying complexities with case study on the optimized conditions toward coating process control }, journal = { CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING }, volume = {6}, year = {2015}, pages = {171-181}, abstract = {

In the present study, we investigate a PSP using the Jets\&Poudres soft. The plasma gas understanding is given to highlight the effects of gas mixtures proportions on diffusion parameters. An overview on the process complexities at main subsystems is given with focus on Argon plasma and optimal mixing; the powder acceleration and heat-up modeling are also presented. Under literature conditions and for He-Ar-H-2 65-30-5\% gas, it was found that the droplet\&$\#$39;s primary way is to coat. The used ternary mixture gives superior efficiency compared to the pure Argon which shows a prior way to rebound. Moreover, medium particles (d(p) approximate to 45 mu m) present the high deposited rate among the splashed mass, a 100\% molten ratio is observed for the small powder and only particles of size below 40.3 mu m have evaporated, particles of initial diameter between 40.3 and 49 mu m are fully molten and all particles above 71.9 mu m are fully solid. The coat formed by the deposited mass will transfer a large amount of heat to the substrate (9-58 MW/m(2)). The crushed particle\&$\#$39;s rate is about 4\% from the investigated number and the average fully molten particle\&$\#$39;s rate is about 72\% and the rest of particles arrive in solid sate.

}, author = {R. DJEBALI and B. PATEYRON and M. El GANAOUI} } @article {1569, title = { Segregation of wood particles in a bubbling fluidized bed }, journal = { FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {133}, year = {2015}, pages = {80-88}, abstract = {

Understanding wood segregation in bubbling fluidized beds is of importance for the global analysis, comprehensive modeling, and scale-up of bubbling fluidized bed biomass gasifiers. This study presents measurements of voidage and segregation taken during experiments in fluidized beds containing inert materials mixed with biomass particles, The features of the wood particles affect the bed axial homogeneity; a small particle size or a high density increase homogeneity. When gas fluidization velocity is low, the biomass particles are more segregated from olivine compared to the results achieved with larger velocities. In all experiments, a significant portion of the wood remains within the bed (50-80\%), while the rest of the biomass floats at the bed surface. The experimental modeling accurately represents the voidage of the bed, with the exception of the upper part of the bed and the floating portion of the biomass particles. The results of the present study are in agreement with recent publications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01250404}, author = {B. CLUET and G. MAUVIEL and Y. ROGAUME and O. AUTHIER and A. DELEBARRE} } @article {1235, title = {Sorptive performance comparison of orange and almond peels fir methylene blue removal form synthetic aqueous solutiosn in batch mode.}, journal = {Environmental Engineering and Management Journal}, year = {2015}, author = {M. BOUMEDIENE and H. BENA{\"I}SSA and B. GEORGE and S. MOLINA and A. MERLIN} } @article {1564, title = { Spreading of transverse compressive stresses in glued laminated timber }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {475-484}, abstract = {

This paper presents a new approach for understanding localized compressive behavior perpendicular to the grain based on beams subjected to three-point bending. It was intended to take into account the coupling between compressive stresses perpendicular to the grain due to support reactions and shear stresses. To validate this, model, results of compression tests have been examined. The digital image correlation (DIC) method has been applied in order to analyze the deformation fields in support areas. The tests allow confirming the presence of spreading effect in the vicinity of support areas according to the DIC method. An analytical formulation has therefore been proposed to quantify distribution versus increasing compressive strength perpendicular to the grain, including shear effects. A scale effect and support conditions have also been highlighted using three different geometries and two types of tests.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599802}, author = {D. LATHUILLIERE and O. POP and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. DUBOIS and F. FOUCHAL and J.F. BOCQUET} } @article {1575, title = { Study of thermal durability properties of tannin-lignosulfonate adhesives }, journal = { JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY }, volume = {119}, year = {2015}, pages = {1577-1585}, abstract = {

This paper aims to study certain aspects of the preparation of tannin-lignin adhesives. Mimosa tannins and lignosulfonates were used in wood adhesives formulation to substitute resins based on formaldehyde. Two ammonium lignosulfonates and two sodium lignosulfonates were glyoxalated to be more reactive. The thermal stability of the lignosulfonates before and after glyoxalation was analysed by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The proportion of mimosa tannins and sodium lignosulfonates varied from 20 \% tannins to 60 \% tannins. 40 \% of mimosa tannins were mixed with either glyoxalated sodium lignosulfonates or glyoxalated ammonium lignosulfonates. The thermal properties of the resins were studied by TG, DSC and thermomechanical analysis (TMA). The results showed that after glyoxalation, the degradation of lignosulfonates started at 125 A degrees C instead of 171 A degrees C for the non-glyoxalated lignosulfonates. The results obtained showed that the 40 mass\% tannins resin was the most efficient. The TMA results showed that the curing of the resins started at 100-110 A degrees C. The TG and DSC results of the cured resins showed a thermal stability of the adhesives up to approximately 200 A degrees C.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01597717}, author = {L. CHUPIN and B. CHARRIER and A. PIZZI and A. PERDOMO and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1403, title = {Synthesis of bio-adhesives from soybean flour and furfural: relationship between furfural level and sodium hydroxide concentration}, journal = { Int. J. Adhesion Adhesives. }, volume = {63}, year = {2015}, pages = {74-78 }, author = {E. LEPINE and B. RIEDL and X-M. WANG and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and J-M. HARDY and M-J. RAIZER-DA-CRUZ} } @article {1556, title = {Tannin-based monoliths from emulsion-templating}, journal = { MATERIALS \& DESIGN }, volume = {79}, year = {2015}, pages = {115-126}, abstract = {

Highly porous monoliths prepared by emulsion-templating, frequently called polymerised High Internal Phase Emulsions (polyHIPEs) in the literature, were prepared from \"green\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; precursors such as Mimosa bark extract, sunflower oil and ethoxylated castor oil. Various oil fractions, ranging from 43 to 80 vol.\%, were used and shown to have a dramatic impact on the resultant porous structure. A critical oil fraction around 70 vol.\% was found to exist, close to the theoretical values of 64\% and 74\% for random and compact sphere packing, respectively, at which the properties of both emulsions and derived porous monoliths changed. Such change of behaviour was observed by many different techniques such as viscosity, electron microscopy, mercury intrusion, and mechanical studies. We show and explain why this critical oil fraction is the one leading to the strongest and most homogeneous porous monoliths.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294575}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and A.M. DE-YUSO and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1552, title = { Thermal conductivity improvement of composite carbon foams based on tannin-based disordered carbon matrix and graphite fillers}, journal = {MATERIALS \& DESIGN }, volume = {83}, year = {2015}, pages = {635-643}, abstract = {

Carbonaceous porous matrices were prepared from a tannin-based resin by physical foaming, having improved thermal properties by addition of various kinds and various amounts of graphite fillers. The resultant composite carbon foams presented much higher thermal conductivity, making them suitable for hosting phase-change materials with the aim of using them in seasonal storage applications. These materials were investigated in terms of porous structure, thermal and mechanical properties. It was shown that, unlike what was a priori expected, smaller particles were far more suitable for getting conductive, strong and porous matrices. The smaller were the particles, the better were the results. These findings were explained and justified, making such biomass-based composite carbon foams interesting and cheap candidates for thermal storage applications.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294582}, author = {P. JANA and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1546, title = {The use of an agricultural waste material from Ziziphus jujuba as a novel adsorbent for humic acid removal from aqueous solutions}, journal = {JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS}, volume = {211}, year = {2015}, pages = {1039-1046}, abstract = {

The purpose of our work is the development of a local agricultural waste biomass material, Ziziphus jujuba known as Nebka (NB), into activated carbons to remove humic acid (HA) from aqueous solutions. This was further treated with nitric acid solutions. The surface characteristics of the adsorbent were calculated using the standard Brunauer-Emmet-Teller method (BET). The microstructures of the samples were observed with scanning electron micrographs. Chemical characterization of the samples was carried out by selective titrations and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). On the basis of the BET results, we have obtained the best microporous activated carbon oxidized (surface area of 970 m(2)/g, microporous volume of 0.170 cm(3)/g and total pore volume of 0326 cm(3)/g). Adsorption studies were conducted using a batch process, to study the effects of contact time, pH and temperature. The pH dependent sorption of HA was found maximum at pH range 4-6 for an initial concentration of 50 mg/L. The equilibrium adsorption data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and the kinetic data was analyzed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. The equilibrium data were well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption reached equilibrium after 300 mm and the maximum adsorption capacity was about 76.92 mg/g at 20 degrees C according to the Langmuir model. The adsorption kinetic was found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption of HA onto oxidized activated carbons was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic at 20-40 degrees C.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01269501}, author = {H.D. BOURAS and O. BENTURKI and N. BOURAS and M. ATTOU and A. DONNOT and A. MERLIN and F. ADDOUN and M.D. HOLTZ} } @article {1588, title = { Using Local Climate Zone scheme for UHI assessment: Evaluation of the method using mobile measurements }, journal = { BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT }, volume = {83}, year = {2015}, pages = {39-49}, abstract = {

In the context of expansion of cities and raise of climate change awareness, urban planers are looking for methods and tools in order to take into account the urban heat island phenomenon. This study analyzes the way urban fabric modifies urban climate through the utilization of a climate scheme called Local Climate Zone (LCZ). This classification has been applied in Nancy (France). Urban indicators have been calculated so as to build 13 LCZ in the Great Nancy Area. The screen-height air temperature distribution has been investigated inside these LCZ via mobile measurements. Air temperature amplitude has mainly demonstrated lower values at nighttime than in daytime in urbanized LCZ types. Recurrent microscale hotspots and coldspots have been located in LCZ presenting heterogeneous urban fabric. Two Control Sites (CS) have been built in each LCZ. The CS average temperature has revealed good likeness with the spatially averaged air temperature. Average nocturnal air temperature differences between pairs of LCZ types have been obtained. These differences vary from less than 1 degrees degrees C for close LCZ types to more than 4 degrees degrees C for dissimilar LCZ types.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599791}, author = {F. LECONTE and J. BOUYER and R. CLAVERIE and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1391, title = {Utilisation of hydrophilic/ hydrophobic poly(amidoamine)s as additives for melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives and consequent application in particleboard fabrication,}, journal = {Polymers Adv. Technol. }, year = {2015}, pages = { 2255-2264 }, author = {S. AMIROU and J. ZHANG and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and A. ZERIZER and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1393, title = {Utilization of temperature kinetic as prediction{\textquoteright}s way of a method to predict treatment intensity and corresponding wood properties of thermally modified}, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, year = {2015}, month = {17(2) /2015}, pages = {253-262}, author = {K. CANDELIER and S. HANNOUZ and M. ELAIEB and R. COLLET and S. DUMARCAY and A. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1405, title = {Valorisation of Tunisian pomegranate peels tannins in green adhesives formulations}, journal = { J. Renew. Mat}, volume = {3(1)}, year = {2015}, pages = {34-43}, author = {H. SAAD and A. PIZZI and B. CHARRIER and N. AYED and K. RODE and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY and F. BOUHTHOURY} } @article {1259, title = {Wood machining with a focus on French research in the last 50 years}, journal = {Annals of Forest Science}, volume = {72}, year = {2015}, author = {B. THIBAULT and L. DENAUD and R. COLLET and R. MARCHAL and J. BEAUCHENE and F. MOTHE and P. MARTIN and P.J. MEAUSOONE and P. LARRICQ and F. EYMA} } @article {1191, title = {Accelerated autocondensation of quebracho tannin by boric acid to make poplar plywood. }, journal = {J. Forest and Wood Products (Iran)}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {D. EFHAMISISI and Y. HAMZEH and M.F. THEVENON and A. KARIMI and A. PIZZI and K. POURTAHMASI} } @article {1232, title = {Adsorption of Congo Red from aqueous solution using CTAB-Kaolin form Bechar- Algeria. }, journal = {Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology}, volume = {4}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {332}, author = {M.A. ZENASNI and B. MEROUFEL and A. MERLIN and B. GEORGE} } @article {1182, title = {Alkaline tannin rigid foams. }, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {182}, author = {M.C. BASSO and S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and M.C. LAGEL and A. CELZARD} } @article {1263, title = {Analysis of CFRP strengthened timber beams}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1}, author = {M. KHELIFA and N. VILA-LOPERENA and L. BL{\'E}RON and A. KHENNANE} } @article {701, title = {Analysis of CFRP-strengthened timber beams}, journal = {Journal of adhesion science and technology}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1-14}, author = {M. KHELIFA and NV. LOPERENA and L. BL{\'E}RON and A. KHENNANE} } @article {1216, title = {Analysis of the behaviour of multiple dowel connections in fire.}, journal = {Fire Safety Journal}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. El GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1290, title = {Analytical and numerical solution to the convection problem in a shallow cavity filled with two immiscible superposed fluids}, journal = {International Journal of Thermal Sciences}, volume = {90}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {303}, author = {S. FAKHREDDINE and S. OUESLATI and R. BANNACER and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1163, title = {An aqueous extract of Limoniastrum guyonianum gall induces anti-tumor effect in melanoma-injected mice via modulation of the immune response. }, journal = {Food and Chemical Toxicology}, year = {2014}, month = {04/2014}, author = {M. KRIFA and I. SKANDRANI and A. PIZZI and N. NASR and Z. GHEDIRA and N. MUSTAPHA and K. GHEDIRA and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA} } @article {1172, title = {Biomass-derived, thermally conducting, carbon foams for seasonal thermal storage. }, journal = {Biomass \& Bioenergy}, volume = {67}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {312}, author = {P. JANA and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1233, title = {Changes in bioactive phytochemical content and in vitro antioxidant activity of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) as influenced by fruit ripening. }, journal = {Industrial Crops \& Products}, volume = {60}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {298}, author = {Y. BENCHIKH and H. LOUAILECHE and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN} } @article {1187, title = {Characterisation and application of urea-formaldehyde-furfural co-condensed resins as wood adhesives.}, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {6267}, author = {J. ZHANG and H. CHEN and A. PIZZI and Y. LI and Q. GAO and J. LI} } @article {1183, title = {Characterisation and preparation of wood/furanic foams. }, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {201}, author = {V.K. SRIVASTAVA and A. PIZZI} } @article {1168, title = {Chemical activation of tannin-based hydrogels by soaking in KOH and NaOH solutions. }, journal = {Microporous \& Mesoporous Materials}, volume = {196}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {8}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and G. AMARAL-LABAT and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1213, title = {CO2 adsorption capacities of active chars prepared from wood laminated flooring wate}, journal = {International Journal of Energy, Environment, and Economics}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. DEBAL and P. GIRODS and J. LEMONON and N. MEYER and C. TILLOY and A. DONNOT and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {699, title = {Comparing environmental impacts of different forest management scenarios for maritime pine biomass production in France}, journal = {Journal of cleaner production}, volume = {64}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {356-367}, author = {S. GONZALEZ-GARCIA and V. BONNESOEUR and A. PIZZI and G. FEIJOO and MT. MOREIRA} } @article {1169, title = {Comparing environmental impacts of different forest management scenarios for Maritime pine 1 biomass production in France}, journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production}, volume = {64}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {356}, author = {S. GONZALEZ-GARCIA and V. BONNESOEUR and A. PIZZI and G. FEIJOO and M.T. MOREIRA} } @article {1243, title = {Comparison of 1D and 2D models predicting a packed bed drying }, journal = {Int. J. Multisci. Des Optim. }, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {S. MESSAI and M. EL-GANAOUI and J. SGHAIER and L. CHRUSCIEL and S. GABSI} } @article {1194, title = {Comparison of linear vibration welded joints in three different directions of the wood tauari (Couratari oblongifolia)}, journal = {Int. Wood Products J.}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {228}, author = {H. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and X. LU and G. JANIN} } @article {1246, title = {Composition of Lophira lanceolata and Carapa procera seed oils. }, journal = {Research Journal of Chemical Sciences}, volume = {4}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {57}, author = {G. NONVIHO and C. PARIS and L. MUNIGLIA and P. SESSOU and P. AGBANGNAN and N. BROSSE and D. SOHOUNLOUE} } @article {1178, title = {Creep and temperature dependant creep of one component polyurethane adhesives for green wood gluing. }, journal = {Wood Research (Slovakia)}, volume = {59}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {265}, author = {N.A. BIN and X. LU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1175, title = {Curing characterisation of spruce tannin-based foams using the advances isoconversional method}, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {4643}, author = {M. COP and M.P. LABORIE and A. PIZZI and M. SERNEK} } @article {1197, title = {Development and characterisation of abrasive grinding wheels with a tannin-furanic resin matrix. }, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, year = {2014}, month = {11/2014}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1177, title = {Development and characterization of phenolic foams with phenol-formaldehyde-chestnut tannins resin.}, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {220}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and S. GIOVANDO and A. CELZARD} } @article {995, title = {Development of new wood treatments combining boron impregnation and thermo modification: effect of additives on boron leachability}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod.}, volume = {72}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {355-365}, author = {SALMAN, S. and PETRISSANS, A. and THEVENON, M-F. and DUMARCAY, S. and PERRIN, D. and POLLIER, B. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1165, title = {D{\'e}veloppement et caract{\'e}risation de mousses {\`a} base de tannin de quebracho.}, journal = {Mat{\'e}riaux \& Techniques}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. MARTINEZ-DE-YUSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO} } @article {997, title = {Discoloration and biodegradation of two dyes by white-rot fungi Perreniporia tephropora MUCL 47500 isolated in Gabon}, journal = {Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci}, volume = {3}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {731-741}, author = {MOUNGUENGUI, S. and ATTEKE, C. and SAHA-TCHINDA, J-B. and NDIKONTAR, M-K. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1264, title = {A dynamic measurement of a disc chipper cutting forces}, journal = {Biomass \& Bioenergy Journal}, volume = {64}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {269}, author = {R. ABDALLAH and S. AUCHET and P.J. MEAUSOONE} } @article {1288, title = {Effect of double thermal modulation on heat transfer in a square cavity heated from bellow}, journal = {Engineering Solid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {139}, author = {A. AKHIATE and A. SEMMA and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. ANOUAR} } @article {1198, title = {Effect of some hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s as additives for urea formaldehyde (UF) resin before their application in particleboards fabrication. }, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {782}, author = {J. ZHANG and S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and Q. GAO and H. ESSAWY and J. LI} } @article {1210, title = {Effects of silencing RET-PTC1 oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma by siRNA-squalene nanoparticles with and without fusogenic companion GALA-Cholesterol}, journal = {Thyroid}, volume = {24}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {327}, author = {H.M. ALI and A. MAKSIMENKO and G. URBINATI and H. CHAPUIS and M. RAOUANE and D. DESMAELE and H. YASUHIRO and H. HARASHIMA and P. COUVREUR and L. MASSAAD-MASSAADE} } @article {1005, title = {Effects of silencing the RET/PTC1 oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma by siRNA-squalene nanoparticles with and without fusogenic companion GALA-Cholesterol.}, journal = { Thyroid}, volume = {24}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {327-338}, author = {ALI, H-M. and URBINATI, G. and CHAPUIS, H. and DESMAELE, D. and RAOUANE, M. and YASUHIRO, H. and HARASHIMA, H. and COUVREUR, P. and MASSAAD-MASSADE, L.} } @article {1209, title = {Effects of siRNA on RET/PTC3 junction oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma : from molecular and cellular studies to preclinical investigations.}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {H.M. ALI and G. URBINATI and H. CHAPUIS and D. DESMAELE and J.R. BERTRAND and P. COUVREUR and L. MASSAAD-MASSAADE} } @article {1004, title = {Effects of siRNA on RET/PTC3 junction oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma: from molecular and cellular studies to preclinical investigations.}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {ALI, H-M. and URBINATI, G. and CHAPUIS, H. and DESMAELE, D. and BERTRAND, J-R. and COUVREUR, P. and MASSAAD-MASSADE, L.} } @article {1161, title = {Emulsion-templated porous carbon monoliths derived from tannins }, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {74}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {352}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1223, title = {Energy Tri-generation : combined gas cogeneration/Solar Cooling}, journal = {International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering}, volume = {7}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {79}, author = {BENELMIR, R. and N. GHILEN and M. EL-GANAOUI and D. DESCIEUX and S. GABSI} } @article {1001, title = {Enhancement of Mechanical Strength of Environmentally Friendly Pinus Tannins Adhesives for Particleboard Production using Cellulose Nanofibers}, journal = {Ann. Forest Sc.}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {CUI, J. and LU, X. and ZHOU, X. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and DENG, Y. and ZHOU, H. and ZHU, S. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1219, title = {Experimental characterization of particle evolution size and density by thermal treatment: application to DEM model of biomass pyrolysis.}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {B. CADILLE and F. TOPIN and P. GIRODS and J. VICENTE and L. TADRIST and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1261, title = {FE analysis and geometrical optimization of timber beech finger-joint under bending test. }, journal = {International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives}, volume = {52}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {40}, author = {V.D. TRAN and M. OUDJENE and P.J. MEAUSOONE} } @article {1262, title = {Finite element simulation of nanoindentation tests using a macroscopic computational model}, journal = {Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3209}, author = {M. KHELIFA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1180, title = {Flexible tannin-furanic films and lacquers.}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {61}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {352}, author = {M.C. BASSO and C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and E. FREDON and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {693, title = {Flexible-Elastic copolymerized Polyurethane-tannin foams}, journal = {Journal of applied polymer science}, volume = {131}, year = {2014}, month = {2013}, author = {MC. BASSO and S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and H. PASCH and N. PRETORIUS and L. DELMOTTE and A. CELZARD} } @article {1255, title = {Heat ressources and organic Rankine cycle machines. }, journal = {Renewable and sustainable Energy Reviews}, volume = {39}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1185}, author = {B.F. TCHANCHE and M. PETRISSANS and G. PAPADAKIS} } @article {1195, title = {High pressure paper laminates from mimosa tannin resin. }, journal = {Int. Wood Products J.}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {224}, author = {U.H. ABDULLAH and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU} } @article {1215, title = {How to determine energy of wood from nutrient analysis? }, journal = {Chemical Engineering Transaction}, volume = {37}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {511}, author = {N. BILOT and L. SAINT-ANDRE and Y. ROGAUME and M. FOURNIER and C. DUPONT and C. DELEUZE} } @article {1207, title = {Hydrogel-based boron salt formulations for wood preservation. }, journal = {Wood Sciences Technology}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {F. OBOUNOU-AKONG and P. GERARDIN and M.F. THEVENON and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {1292, title = {The identification of effective thermal conductivity for fibrous reinforcement composite by inverse method}, journal = {Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites}, volume = {33}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2183}, author = {A. SAAD and A. ECHCHELH and M. HATTABI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1244, title = {Impact of catalytic oil palm fronds (OPF)pulping on organosolv lignin properties. }, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {109}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {33}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and D. PERRIN and M. YEMLOUL and N. BROSSE} } @article {697, title = {Improving the Operation of an Automatic Wood Chip Boiler by Optimizing CO Emissions}, journal = {Energy \& Fuels}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2152-2159}, author = {A. QUINTERO-MARQUEZ and C. BERNARD and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1193, title = {Improving urea Formaldehyde Resin properties by glyoxalated Soda Bagasse lignin.}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood \& Wood products}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {H. YOUNESI and S.K. NAJAFI and R. BERHOOZ and A. PIZZI} } @article {1201, title = {Industrial scale beech woodlam GST and fingerjoints by maximizing natural components in honeymoon fast-set adhesives. }, journal = {ProLigno}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3}, author = {P.J. MEAUSOONE and A. PIZZI and M. OUDJENE and M. GAUTIER and K. ROY and T. VAN-DANG} } @article {1231, title = {Influence of thermal treatment and impregnation on the durability of wood colour.}, journal = {Journal of Forestry Products and Industries}, volume = {3}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {42}, author = {I. EL-BAKALI and S. YAGI and M. HAMZAH and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN and X. DEGLISE} } @article {1162, title = {Investigation of chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of Algerian date palm wood. }, journal = {Materials Testing}, volume = {56}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {236}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. ZERIZER and A. PIZZI} } @article {702, title = {Investigation on the structure and antioxidant properties of modified lignin obtained by different combinative processes of oil palm fronds (OPF) biomass}, journal = {Industrial crops and products. }, volume = {52}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {544-551}, author = {MH. HUSSIN and A. RAHIM and MNM. IBRAHIM and M. YEMLOUL and D. PERRIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1196, title = {Isocyanate free condensed tannin-based polyurethanes}, journal = {European Polym. J.}, year = {2014}, month = {10/2014}, author = {M. THEBAULT and A. PIZZI and H. ESSAWY and A. BAROUM and G. VAN-ASSCHE} } @article {704, title = {Kinetics of the hydrothermal treatment of tannin for producing carbonaceous microspheres}, journal = {Bioresource technology}, volume = {151}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {271-277}, author = {FL. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRE and MT. IZQUIERDO and J. PARMENTIER and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1167, title = {Limoniastrum guyonianum aqueous gall extract induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting calpain activity. }, journal = {Tumor Biology}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. KRIFA and A. PIZZI and M. MOUSLI and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA and L. LELOUP and K. GHEDIRA} } @article {1164, title = {Limoniastrum guyonianum methanol extract induces immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by activating cellular anti-oxydant activity}, journal = {Drug and Chemical Toxicology}, year = {2014}, author = {M. KRIFA and N. MUSTAPHA and Z. GHERIDA and K. GHERIDA and A. PIZZI and L. CHEKIR-GHERIDA} } @article {1166, title = {MALDI-TOF analysis of Aleppo pine (Pinus haleppensis) bark tannin. }, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3396}, author = {S. ABDALLA and A. PIZZI and N. AYED and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUTHOURY and B. CHARRIER and F. BAHABRY and A GANASH} } @article {1202, title = {MALDI-TOF analysis of tannin-resorcinol resins by alternative aldehydes}, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {186}, author = {A. SAUGET and X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and } } @article {1170, title = {MALDI-TOF and 13C NMR analysis of Tunisian Zyzyphus jubjuba root bark tannins. }, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {59}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {277}, author = {S. ABDALLA and A. PIZZI and N. AYED and F. CHARRIER and F. BAHARRY and A. GANASH} } @article {1185, title = {Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry of phenol-formaldehyde-chestnut tannin resins. }, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {207}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and S. GIOVANDO} } @article {1254, title = {Modeling and numerical simulation of wood torrefaction. }, journal = {Innovation in woodworking industry and engineering design.}, volume = {3}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {26}, author = {A. PETRISSANS and J. HAMADA and M. CHAOUCH and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1220, title = {Modeling and simulation of the drying of beech timber (Fagus Sylvatica) using oscillating regimes. }, journal = {International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering}, volume = {8}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {83}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN} } @article {1214, title = {Modeling of the coupled heat and mass transfer during the drying of the tropical woods coming from Cameroon : the cas of Lotofa and Sapelle. }, journal = {International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. }, volume = {4}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {385}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN} } @article {1155, title = {A new method for preparing tannin-based foams.}, journal = {Industrial Crops \& Products}, volume = {54}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {40}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and M. STAUBER and A. CELZARD} } @article {1003, title = {Nitrogen Removal from Wood Laminated Flooring Waste by Low-Temperature Pyrolysis}, journal = {Waste and Biomass Valorization}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {199-209}, author = {LEMONON, J. and GIRODS, P. and ROGAUME, C. and PERRIN, D. and ROGAUME, Y.} } @article {695, title = {Numerical analysis of flexural strengthening of timber beams reinforced with CFRP strips}, journal = {Composite structures}, volume = {111}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {393-400}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. CELZARD} } @article {698, title = {Numerical analysis of the cutting forces in timber}, journal = {Journal of engineering mechanics}, volume = {140}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {523-530}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE} } @article {1294, title = {Numerical investigation of diffusion turbulent propane/air flame}, journal = {Energy, Environment, Biology and Biomedicine}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {S. MORSLI and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. SABEUR-BENDEHINA} } @article {705, title = {Numerical modelling of ductile damage evolution in tensile and bending tests of timber structures}, journal = {Mechanics of materials}, volume = {68}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {228-236}, author = {A. KHENNANE and M. KHELIFA and L. BL{\'E}RON and J. VIGUIER} } @article {1293, title = {Numerical simulation of vertical Bridgman solidification of CdZnTe}, journal = {International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization}, volume = {A23}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {H. JAMAI and B. PATEYRON and H. SAMMOUDA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1160, title = {Optimisation of tensile shear strength of linear mechanically wleded outer to inner Moso Bamboo (phyllostachys pubescens)}, journal = {BioRessources }, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2500}, author = {H. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X. LU and X. ZHOU} } @article {998, title = {Optimization of polyphenols extraction from grape residues in water medium}, journal = {Ind Crops Prod}, volume = {52}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {18-22}, author = {BRAHIM, M. and GAMBIER, F. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1181, title = { Palmyra palm bonding by vibrational welding.}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood \& Wood products}, volume = {72}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {693}, author = {H. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X. LU and G. JANIN} } @article {1159, title = {Performance and reaction mechanism of Zero formaldehyde-emission urea flyoxal (UG) resin.}, journal = {J. Taiwan Inst. Chem Engineers}, volume = {45}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2029}, author = {S. DENG and G. DU and X. LI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1186, title = {Performance of honeymoon MUF adhesives for glulam.}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood \& Wood products}, volume = {72}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {697}, author = {A. SAUGET and A. PIZZI and A. GUILLOT and S. GODART and R. APOLIT and M. MEZZINA} } @article {1176, title = {Performance of larch (Larix gmelini) tanninmodified urea-formaldehyde (TUF) resin and plywood bonded by TUF resin. }, journal = {J. Appl. Polym. Sciences}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {J. ZHANG and H.J. KANG and Q. GAO and J. LI and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1192, title = {Phenol-wheat protein-formaldehyde adhesives for wood-based panels. }, journal = {ProLigno}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. REDL} } @article {696, title = {Physico-chemical properties and thermal stability of microcrystalline cellulose isolated from Alfa fibres}, journal = {Carbonhydrate polymers. }, volume = {104}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {223-230}, author = {TRACHE, D. and DONNOT, A. and KHIMECHE, K. and BENELMIR, R. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1000, title = {Physico-chemical properties and thermal stability of microcrystalline cellulose isolated from Alfa fibres}, journal = {Carbohydrate polymer}, volume = {104}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {223-230}, author = {TRACHE, D. and DONNOT, A. and KHIMECHE, K. and BENELMIR, R. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1156, title = {Pine tannin adhesive for plywood.}, journal = {Int. Wood Products J.}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {27}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1173, title = {Pinus pinaster tannin/furanic foams : Part 2: physical properties.}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, year = {2014}, author = {C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and M.P. LABORIE and A. CELZARD} } @article {703, title = {Pinus pinaster tannin/furanic foams: PART I. Formulation.}, journal = {Industrial crops and products.}, volume = {52}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {450-456}, author = {C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and MP. LABORIE and A. CELZARD} } @article {1189, title = {Polyphenolic resins prepared with maritime pine bark tannin and natural bulky-aldehydes.}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {62}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {84}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and C. LACOSTE and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {996, title = {Polyurethanes from hydrolydsable tannins obtained without using isocyanates}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {59}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {329-336}, author = {THEBAULT, M. and PIZZI, A. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P. and FREDON,E and DELMOTTE,L} } @article {1208, title = {Preactivated Oxazaphosphorines designed for isophosphoramide mustard delivery as bulk form or nanoassemblies: synthesis and proof of concept. }, journal = {J. Med. Chem}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {C. SKARBEK and L. LESUEUR and H. CHAPUIS and A. DEROUSSENT and C. PIOCHE-DURIEUR and A. DAVILLE and J. CARON and M. RIVARD and T. MARTENS and J.R. BERTRAND and E. LE-CAM and G. VASSAL and P. COUVREUR and D. DESMAELE and A. PACI} } @article {1218, title = {Predicting higher heating values of wood from forest biomass nutrient content. }, journal = {Forest Ecology and Management }, year = {2014}, author = {N. BILOT and L. SAINT-ANDRE and Y. ROGAUME and C. BRECHET and L. AUGUSTO and C. DUPOND and G. BODINEAU and C. DELEUZE} } @article {1236, title = {Preliminary study on zinc ion removal form synthetic aqueous solutions using hard almond peel as a low-cost sorbent material.}, journal = {Mor. J. Chem. }, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {457}, author = {M. BOUMEDIENE and H. BENA{\"I}SSA and B. GEORGE and S. MOLINA and A. MERLIN} } @article {1291, title = {Sand as a heat storage media for a solar application : simumation results}, journal = {Applied Mechanics and Materials}, volume = {621}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {214}, author = {N. MAHFOUDI and A. MOUMMI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1158, title = {Second generation of dendritic poly(amidoaldehyde) as modifying components of melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesive: subsequent use in particleboard production. }, journal = {J. Polymer Research}, volume = {21}, year = {2014}, author = {X. ZHOU and H.A. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and J. ZHANG and H. PASCH and G. DU} } @article {1221, title = {Segregation of wood particles in a bubbling fuidized bed.}, journal = {Fuel Processing Technology}, volume = {133}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {80}, author = {B. CLUET and G. MAUVIEL and Y. ROGAUME and O. AUTHIER and A. DELABARRE} } @article {1184, title = {A SEM record of proteins-derived microcellular silicon carbide foams. }, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {230}, author = {A. PIZZI and C. ZOLLFRANK and X. LI and M. CANGEMI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1295, title = {Simulation of hydrogen absorption in a magnesium hybride tank}, journal = {Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {149}, author = {K. LAHMER and R. BESSA{\"I}H and A. SCIPIONI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1174, title = {Structure and properties of rigid foams derived from quebracho tannin.}, journal = {Materials \& Design }, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {A. MARTINEZ-DE-YUSO and M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1013, title = {Study of the feasibility of a natural dye on cellulosic textile supports by red padouk (Pterocarpus soyauxii) and yellow movingui (Distemonanthus benthamianus) extracts. }, journal = {Industrial Crops and Products}, volume = {60}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {291-297}, author = {SAHA-TCHINDA, J-B. and PETRISSANS, A. and MOLINA, S. and NDIKONTAR, M-K. and MOUGUENGUI, S. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1200, title = {Study of thermal durability properties of tannin lignosulphonate adhesives }, journal = {J. Thermal Anal. Calorimetry}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {L. CHUPIN and B. CHARRIER and A. PIZZI and A. PERDOMO and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1190, title = {Substitution pattern elucidation of hydroxypropyl Pinus pinaster (Ait.) bark polyflavonoids derivatives by ESI(-)-MS/MS. }, journal = {J. Mass Spectrometry}, volume = {49}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1050}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and S. PACZKOWSKI and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {700, title = {Surfactant recovery by foam fractionation using the Gas-Liquid Contactor, Emulsion Venturi}, journal = {Separation science and technology. }, volume = {49}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {311-316}, author = {N. KHELLAF and M. BOUHELASSA and A. ZOULALIAN} } @article {1171, title = {Synthesis and chemical structure of a novel glyoxal-urea-formaldehyde (GUF) co-condensed resins with different MMU/G molar ratios by 13CNMR and MALDI-TOF-MS.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polym. Sciences}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {S. DENG and A. PIZZI and G. DU and J. ZHANG and Ju. ZHANG} } @article {694, title = {Synthesis and physicochemical properties of hydroxypropyl tannins form maritime pine bark (Pinus pinaster Ait.)}, journal = {Holzforschung}, volume = {68}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {411-418}, author = {DE. GARCIA and WG. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and A. OSORIO-MADRAZO and MP. LABORIE} } @article {1154, title = {Synthetic adhesives for wood panels: chemistry and technology: a critical review. }, journal = {Reviews Adhesives Adhesion (RAA) }, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {85}, author = {A. PIZZI} } @article {1199, title = {Tannin-furanic-polyurethane foams for industrial continuous plant lines}, journal = {Polymers}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2985}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and C. LACOSTE and L. DELMOTTE and F.A. AL-MARZOUKI and S. ABDALLA and A. CELZARD} } @article {1157, title = {Tannin-resorcicol-formaldehyde resin and flax fibers biocomposites.}, journal = {J. renewable Mat. }, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {173}, author = {A. SAUGET and X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1289, title = {Technology Platform ENERBAT {\textendash} Gas cogeneration, Solar heating and cooling.}, journal = {International Journal of Thermal \& Environmental Engineering}, volume = {7}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {79}, author = {BENELMIR, R. and N. GHILEN and M. EL-GANAOUI and D. DESCIEUX and S. GABSI} } @article {1217, title = {TG-FTIR kinetic study of the thermal cleaning of wood laminated flooring waste. }, journal = {Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry}, volume = {118}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {141}, author = {M. DEBAL and P. GIRODS and J. LEMONON and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1188, title = {Tortuosity studies of cellular vitreous carbon foams. }, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {80}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {193}, author = {M. LETELLIER and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1206, title = {Transcriptomic responses of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to wood extractives: focus on a new glutathione transferase. }, journal = {Appl. Environ. Microbiol. }, volume = {80}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {6316}, author = {A. THUILLIER and K. CHIBANI and G. BELLI and E. HERRERO and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN and A. KOHLER and A. DEROY and T. DHALLEINE and R. BCHINI and J.P. JACQUOT and E. GELHAYE and M. MOREL-ROUHIER} } @article {1245, title = {UPLC method for the determination of vitamin E homologue and derivatives in vegetable oils, margarines and supplement capsules using pentafluorophenyl column}, journal = {Talanta}, volume = {130}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {299}, author = {Y. FOO-WONG and A. MAKAHLEH and B. SAAD and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and A.A. RAHIM and N. BROSSE} } @article {1179, title = {Utilization of hydrophilic/hydrophobic Hyperbranched Poly(amidoamines)s additives fort melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives.}, journal = {Polymer Composites}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {S. AMIROU and J. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and H. ESSAWY and A. ZERIZER and J. LI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1230, title = {UV powder coatings containing synthetic Ag-beidellite for antibacterial properties}, journal = {Appled Clay Sciences}, volume = {96}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {73}, author = {V. MAURIN and C. CROUTXE-BARGHORN and X. ALLONAS and J. BRENDLE and J. BESSIERE and A. MERLIN and E. MASSON} } @article {994, title = {Wood thermodegradation: experimental analysis and modeling of mass loss kinetics}, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, volume = {16}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {PETRISSANS, A. and YOUNSI, R. and CHAOUCH, M. and GERARDIN, P. and PETRISSANS, M.} } @article {654, title = {Acoustic properties of cellular vitreous carbon foams}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {58}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {76-86}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and E. GOURDON and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {598, title = {Adsorption of Nickel in Aqueous Solution onto Natural Maghnite}, journal = {Materials Sciences and Applications}, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {153-161}, author = {MD. A. ZENASNI and S. BENFARHI and A. MERLIN and S. MOLINA and B. GEORGE and B. MEROUFEL} } @article {606, title = {Adsorption of Nickel in Aqueous Solution onto Natural Maghnite}, journal = {Materials Sciences and Applications}, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {153-161}, author = {M. ZENASNI and S. BENFARHI and A. MERLIN and S. MOLINA and B. GEORGE and B. MEROUFEL} } @article {621, title = { Antioxidant activities, total phenolic contents and chemical compositions of extracts from four Cameroonian woods: padouk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taubb), tali (Erythrophleum suaveolens), moabi (Baillonella toxisperma), and movingui }, journal = {Industrial Crops and Products}, volume = {41}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {71-77}, author = {J.B. T SAHA and D. ABIA and S. DUMARCAY and M-K. NDIKONTAR and P. GERARDIN and N. J. NGAMVENG and D. PERRIN} } @article {678, title = {Assessing the influence of different forest management systems on the environmental impacts of Douglas-fir roundwood production in France.}, journal = {Science of the Total Environment.}, volume = {461-462}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {681-692}, author = {S. GONZALEZ-GARCIA and V. BONNESOEUR and A. PIZZI and G. FEIJOO and M.T. MOREIRA} } @article {614, title = {The average carbon oxidation state of thermally modified wood as a marker for its decay resistance against Basidiomycetes}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {98}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {2140-2145}, author = {W. WILLEMS and P. GERARDIN and H. MILITZ} } @article {645, title = {Bioadhesives for wood and fibres: a critical review}, journal = {Reviews Adhesion Adhesives}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {88-113}, author = {A PIZZI} } @article {999, title = {Biodegradation of Reactive Blue 4 and Orange G by Pycnoporus sanguineus Strain Isolated in Gabon}, journal = {Bioremed Biodeg}, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {7}, author = {ATTEKE, C. and MOUNGUENGUI, J. and SAHA-TCHINDA, J-B. and NDIKONTAR, M-K. and IBRAHIM, B. and GELHAYE, E. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {644, title = {Bioresourced pine tannin/furanic foams with glyoxal and glutaraldehyde}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {401-405}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and M.-P. LABORIE and D. GARCIA and A. CELZARD} } @article {679, title = {Carbon meringues derived from flavonoid tannins}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {65}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {214-237}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and M. STAUBER and A. CELZARD} } @article {640, title = {Causes of the water resistance of welded joints of Paduk wood (Pterocarpus soyauxii, Taub.)}, journal = {J.Renewable Resources}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {79-82}, author = {T. GANIER and J. HU and A. PIZZI} } @article {674, title = {Characterisation of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) bark tannins extracted under different conditions by spectroscopic methods, FTIR and HPLC}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prods.}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {897-903}, author = {L. CHUPIN and C. MOTILLON and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY and A. PIZZI and B. CHARRIER} } @article {677, title = {Characterisation of Pinus brutia bark tannin by MALDI-TOF and 13C NMR, submitted}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {679-704}, author = {M.M. UCAR and G. UCAR and A. PIZZI and O. GONULTAS} } @article {655, title = {Characterisation of two maritime pine tannins as wood adhesives}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {2462-2479}, author = {P. NAVARRETE and A. PIZZI and H. PASCH and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {394, title = {Comparative study of conductometric glucose biosensor based on gold and on magnetic nanoparticles}, volume = {33}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, pages = {298-303}, publisher = {Materials Science and Engineering C}, author = {VERDEL, W. and NOUIRA, W. and MAAREF, A. and ELAISSARI, H. and SIADAT, M.} } @article {627, title = {Comparison of chemical composition and decay durability of heat treated wood cured under different inert atmospheres: Nitrogen or vacuum}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {98}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {677-681}, author = {K. CANDELIER and S. DUMARCAY and A. PETRISSANS and L. DESHARNAIS and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1453, title = {Comparison of chemical composition and decay durability of heat treated wood cured at a same temperature under different inert atmospheres: nitrogen or vacuum}, journal = {Polym. Degrad. Stabil.,}, volume = {98}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, pages = {677-681}, author = {CANDELIER, K. and DUMARCAY, S. and PETRISSANS, A. and DESHARNAIS, L. and G{\'E}RARDIN, P. and PETRISSANS, M.} } @article {625, title = {Comparison of mechanical properties of heat treated beech wood cured under nitrogen or vacuum. }, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {98}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1762-1765}, author = {K. CANDELIER and S. DUMARCAY and A. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {591, title = {Compositions and chemical variability of grape pomaces from french vineyard}, journal = {Ind crops prod}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {251-254}, author = {P. RONDEAU and F. GAMBIER and F. JOLIBERT and N. BROSSE} } @article {603, title = {A comprehensive dual-scale wood torrefaction model : application to the analysis of thermal run-away in industrial heat treatment processes. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer}, journal = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer}, volume = {64}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {838-849}, author = {P. PERRE and R. REMOND and I. TURNER} } @article {639, title = {Condenstion reaction of flavonoid tannins with ammonia}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {44}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {330-335}, author = {F. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and W. RADKE and L. DELMOTTE and J. PARMENTIER} } @article {665, title = {Condenstion reaction of flavonoid tannins with ammonia}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {44}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {330-335}, author = {F. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and W. RADKE and L. DELMOTTE and J. PARMENTIER} } @article {643, title = {Corn flour-mimosa tannin-based adhesives without formaldehyde for interior particleboard production}, journal = {Wood Sci.Technol.}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {A. MOUBARIK and H.R. MANSOURI and A. PIZZI and F.CHARRIER and A.ALLAL and B.CHARRIER} } @article {617, title = {Detailed process modeling of a wood gasification combined heat and power plant}, journal = { Biomass \& Bioenergy}, volume = {51}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {68-82}, author = {J. FRANCOIS and L. ABDELOUAHED and G. MAUVIEL and F. PATISSON and O. MIRGAUX and C. ROGAUME and Y. ROGAUME and M. FEIDT and A. DUFOUR} } @article {672, title = {Development of a new method for pilot scale production of high grade oil palm plywood: Effect of resin content on the mechanical properties, bonding quality and formaldehyde emission of palm plywood}, journal = {Materials \& Design}, volume = {52}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {828-834}, author = {YEOH-BENG, H. and YUEH-FENG, L. and LUGMAN-ABD, C. and IDRUS, J. and PIZZI, A. and TAHIR-PARIDAH, MD. and HARUN, J.} } @article {615, title = {Discoloration of dyes by hexagonia apiara fungus isolated in Gabon ans screening of enzymes on solid culture medium.}, journal = {International Journal of Current Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {12}, author = {S. MOUNGUENGUI and C. ATTEKE and J-B. SAHA-TCHINDA and M. KOR-NDIKONTAR and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {631, title = {{\textquotedblleft}DSC measurement and prediction of phase diagrams for binary mixtures of energetic materials{\textquoteright} stabilizers{\textquotedblright}, ThermochimicaActa 565 (2013) 8{\textendash} 16}, journal = { ThermochimicaActa }, volume = {565}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {8-16}, author = {TRACHE, D. and KHIMECHE, K. and BENELMIR, R. and DAHNAMI, A.} } @article {685, title = {Dynamic Foaming Behaviour of Polyurethane vs. Tannin/Furanic Foams}, journal = {J.Renewable Mat.}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {273-274}, author = {MC. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {681, title = {Dynamic monitoring of tannin foams preparation: surfactant effects}, journal = {BioResources}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {5807-5816}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {595, title = {Effect of different pretreatments on delignification pattern and enzymatic hydrolysability of miscanthus, oil palm biomass and typha grass.}, journal = {Bioresour. Technol.}, volume = {135}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {82-88}, author = {YAKINDRA-TIMILSENA, P. and CHANDANA-ABEYWICKRAMA, J. and SUDIT-RAKSHIT, K. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {620, title = {Effect of heat treatment intensity on some conferred properties of different European softwood and hardwood species. }, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {47}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {663-673}, author = {M. CHAOUCH and S. DUMARCAY and A. PETRISSANS and M PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {626, title = {Effect of heat treatment intensity on some conferred properties of different European softwood and hardwood species. }, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {47}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {663-673}, author = {M. CHAOUCH and S. DUMARCAY and A. PETRISSANS and M. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {610, title = {The effect of log heating temperatures on the peeling process and veneer quality: beech, birch, spruce and Douglas-fir case studies}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {DUPLEIX, A. and DENAUD, L. and BLERON, L. and MARCHAL, R. and HUGUES, M.} } @article {608, title = {Effects of corona discharge treatment on the mechanical properties of biocomposites from polylactic acid and Algerian date palm fibres}, journal = {Sci. Res. Essays}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {946-952}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. ZERIZER and I. HADDADOU and A. MERLIN} } @article {642, title = {Enhancing particleboard adhesives performance by glutaraldehyde addition}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {129-130}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and G. DU} } @article {637, title = {Evaluation of mechanical and physical properties of industrial particleboard bonded with a corn flour-urea-formaldehyde adhesive}, journal = {Composites: part B}, volume = {44}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {48-51}, author = {A. MOUBARIK and H.R. MANSOURI and A. PIZZI and A. ALLAL and F. CHARPIER and M.A. BADIA and B. CHARRIER} } @article {691, title = {Experimental study of the oxidation and pyrolysis of dibenzofuran at very low concentration}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering}, volume = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {143-153}, author = {A. TRITZ and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and C. PERRIN and P.P. MARQUAIRE} } @article {663, title = {Fabrication and mechanical analysis of mimosa tannin and commercial flax fibers biocomposites. }, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {2204-2218}, author = {A. SAUGET and A. NICOLLIN and A. PIZZI} } @article {687, title = {Fast pressing composite using tannin-furfuryl alcohol resin and vegetal fibers reinforcement}, journal = { J.Renewable Mat.}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {311-316}, author = {A. NICOLLIN and X. LI and P. GIRODS and A. PIZZI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {616, title = {Formaldehyde and VOCs emissions from bio-particleboards}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {748-762}, author = {P. NAVARETTE and Z. KEBBI and F. MICHENOT and J. LEMONON and C. ROGAUME and E. MASSON and Y. ROGAUME and A. PIZZI} } @article {1281, title = {From the guest editors of part one analytical methods to non-linear heat transfer and diffusion.}, journal = {Thermal Science}, volume = {17}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {9}, author = {J. HRISTOV and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {611, title = {Hydrogels obtained from an original catanionic system for efficient formulation of boron wood-preservatives.}, journal = {International Biodeterioration \& Biodegradation}, volume = {77}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {123-126}, author = {F. OBOUNOU-AKONG and M. MUTLUB and A. PASC and S. COSGUN and P. GERARDIN and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {689, title = {Hydrothermal treatment kinetics of tannins for producing catbonaceous microspheres}, journal = {Bioresource Techn.}, volume = {151}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {271-277}, author = {F.L. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and M.T. IZQUIERDO and J. PARMENTIER and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {688, title = {Hydroxypropyl tannin derivatives from Pinus pinaster (Ait.) bark}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Pro.}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {730-739}, author = {D. GARCIA and W. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and A. OSORIO-MADRAZO and M.-P. LABORIE} } @article {596, title = {Impact of the lignin structure of three lignocellulosic feedstocks on their organosolv delignification. Effect of carbonium ion scavengers}, journal = { Biomass Bioener}, volume = {52}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {151-158}, author = {YAKINDRA-TIMILSENA, P. and IDI-GUGA, A. and SUDIT-RAKSHIT, K. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1153, title = {Improving hot water resistance of melamine-urea-formaldehyde by addition of PolyFox PF-151N polymer.}, journal = {J. Adhesion}, volume = {89}, year = {2013}, chapter = {837}, author = {A. MOUBARIK and H.R. MANSOURI and A. PIZZI} } @article {648, title = {Improving UF p{\^a}rticleboard adhesives water resistance by small albumin and sunflower oil additions}, journal = {Eur.J.Wood \& Wood Prod.}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {277-279}, author = {A. MOUBARIK and H. MANSOURI and A. PIZZI} } @article {609, title = {Index of efficiency for strength grading machines for solid wood}, journal = {European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering}, volume = {17}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {263-269}, author = {G. ROBLOT and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. MOTHE and R. COLLET} } @article {680, title = {Influence of formulation on the dynamics of preparation of tannin based foams}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {51}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {396-400}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {649, title = {An investigation in thermochemical changes in Canadian hardwood species during wood welding. }, journal = {European J.Wood \& Wood Prod.}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {245-257}, author = {B. BELLEVILLE and T. STEVANOVIC and A. CLOUTIER and A. PIZZI and M. PRADO and S. ERAKOVIC and P. DIOUF and M. ROYER} } @article {602, title = {Investigation of oscillating climates for wood drying using the flying wood test and loaded beams : need for a new mechanosorptive model. }, journal = {Maderas Ciencia y tecnologia}, volume = {15}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {269-280}, author = {R. REMOND and M. DE LA CRUZ-LEFEYRE and D. ALEON and P. PERRE} } @article {592, title = {Investigation of the Effects of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Typha capensis}, journal = {Idi. Energy and Fuel }, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {189-196}, author = {G. AUDU and N. BROSSE and L. DESHARNAIS and K. SUDIT-RAKSHIT} } @article {646, title = {Isolation and characterization of lignin from Moroccan sugar cane bagasse: production of lignin-phenol-formaldehyde wood adhesive}, journal = {Ind.Crops\&Prods}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {296-302}, author = {A. MOUBARIK and N. GRIMI and N. BOUSSETA and A. PIZZI} } @article {1226, title = {Kinetic study of abatement of low concentration of dibenzofuran by oxidation- Effect of co-reactants.}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Journal}, volume = {218}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {154}, author = {I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and R. BOUNACOEUR and C. PERRIN and P.M. MARQUAIRE} } @article {1280, title = {A lattice Boltzmann based investigation of powder in-flight characteristics during APS process, Part II : Effects of parameter dispersions at powder injection. }, journal = {Surface \& Coatings Technology}, volume = {220}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {157}, author = {R. DJEBALI and B. PATEYRON and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {632, title = {Lightweight tannin foam/composites sandwich panels and the coldset tannin adhesive to assemble them}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {255-260}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and A. SAUGET and A. NICOLLIN and X. LI and A. CELZARD and H. PASCH and K. RODE} } @article {675, title = {MALDI-TOF and 13C NMR analysis of a renewable resource additive {\textendash} Thermoplastic acetylated tannins}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {851-857}, author = {A. NICOLLIN and X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and W.J. GRIGSBY and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {657, title = {MALDI-TOF, HPLC-ESI-TOF, AND 13C NMR characterisation of chestnut (Castanea sativa) shell tannins}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {47}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {523-535}, author = {G. VAZQUEZ and A. PIZZI and M.S. FREIRE and J. SANTOS and G. ANTORRENA and J. GONZALEZ-ALVAREZ} } @article {656, title = {MALDI-TOF study of oligomers distribution for stability-durable spray-dried glyoxalated lignin for wood adhesives}, journal = { J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {586-597}, author = {P. NAVARRETE and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and M. VIGNALI and H. PASCH} } @article {667, title = {MALDI-TOF-CID for the Microstructure Elucidation of Polymeric Hydrolysable Tannins}, journal = {J.Appl.Polym.Sci.}, volume = {128}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {97-107}, author = {N. RADEBE and K. RODE and A. PIZZI and S. GIOVANDO and H. PASCH} } @article {653, title = {Mayonnaise, whipped cream and meringue, a new carbon cuisine}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {58}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {238-251}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {684, title = {Mechanical characterization of industrial particleboard panels glued with cornstarch- mimosa tannin- urea formaldehyde resins}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {423-429}, author = {A. MOUBARIK and A. PIZZI and F. CHARRIER and A. ALLAL and M-A. BADIA and H.R. MANSOURI and B. CHARRIER} } @article {651, title = {Mechanical properties of heat-treated organic foams}, journal = {Physical Reviews}, volume = {87}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and M. SAHIMI and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {659, title = {Microstructure Elucidation of Polyflavonoid Tannins by MALDI-TOF-CID}, journal = {J.Appl.Polym.Sci.}, volume = {127}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1937-1950}, author = {N. RADEBE and K. RODE and A. PIZZI and H. PASCH} } @article {650, title = {Mimosa tannin resins for impregnated paper overlays}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {153-162}, author = {U. HANI-ABDULLAH and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE and H.R. MANSOURI} } @article {618, title = {Modeling of a Biomass Gasification CHP Plant: Influence of Various Parameters on Energetic and Exergetic Efficiencies}, journal = {Energy \& Fuels}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {7398-7412}, author = {J. FRANCOIS and G. MAUVIEL and M. FEIDT and C. ROGAUME and Y. ROGAUME and O. MIRGAUX and F. PATISSON and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1211, title = {modeling of chloride of hydrogen and free chloride emission form thermal treatment of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based plastic materials. }, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {101}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {209}, author = {JPB. KARAMA and A. BERE and J. LEMONON and T. DAHO and A. DISSA and Y. ROGAUME and J. KOULIDIATI} } @article {1285, title = {Modeling of nonlinear wooedn columns reinforced by carbon fiber}, journal = {M{\'e}canique \& Industries}, volume = {14}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {219}, author = {F. BENTAYEB and I. TAVAKOLI-GHEYNANI and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. BOUALIA and M. KHELIFA} } @article {589, title = {Modelling of nonlinear wooden columns reinforced by carbon fiber}, journal = { Mechanics \& Industry}, volume = {14}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {219-225}, author = {F. BENTAYEB and I. TAVAKOLI-GHEYNANIA and M. EL GANAOUIA and B. BOUALIA and M. KHELIFA} } @article {669, title = {Multifunctional porous solids derived from tannins}, journal = {J.Physics: Conferences Series}, volume = {416}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {012023}, author = {A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and W. ZHAO} } @article {635, title = {Nanotube-reinforced tannin/furanic rigid foams}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {X. LI and V.K. SRIVASTAVA and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and J.M. LEBAN} } @article {673, title = {Natural tannin/furanic thermosetting moulding plastics}, journal = {RSC (Royal Chemical Society) Advances}, volume = {3}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {17732-17740}, author = {X. LI and A. NICOLLIN and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and A. SAUGET and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1266, title = {A new approach to model nailed and screwed timber joints using the finite element method.}, journal = {Construction and Building Materials}, volume = {41}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {263}, author = {E.M. MEGHLAT and M. OUDJENE and H. AIT-AIDER and J.L. BATOZ} } @article {1152, title = {New families of carbon gels based on natural resources}, journal = {J. Physics: conferences Series}, volume = {416}, year = {2013}, month = {01/2013}, author = {A. SZCZUREK and G. AMARAL and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1287, title = {A new model for the simulation and improvement of resin transfer molding process}, journal = {Process research on Precision Instrument and Machinery}, volume = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {A. SAAD and A. ECHCHELH and M. HATTABI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {612, title = {New substrates and activity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium Omega glutathione transferases.}, journal = {Biochimie}, volume = {95}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {336-346}, author = {E. MEUX and M. MOREL and T. LAMANT and P. GERARDIN and JP. JACQUOT and S. DUMARCAY and E. GELHAYE} } @article {628, title = {Nitrogen removal from wood laminated flooring waste by low-temperature pyrolysis.}, journal = {Waste Biomass Valor.}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {J. LEMONON and P. GIRODS and C. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME and D. PERRIN} } @article {1265, title = {Non-linear finite element modelling of the structural behaviour of screwed timber-to-concrete composite connections.}, journal = {Composite Structures}, volume = {102}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {20}, author = {M. OUDJENE and E.M. MEGHLAT and H. AIT-AIDER and J.L. BATOZ} } @article {1151, title = {A note on the surface quality of plywood overlaid with mimosa (Acacia mearnsii) tannin and melamine urea formaldehyde impregnated paper: effects of moisture content of resin-impregnated papers before pressing on the physical properties of overlaid panels }, journal = {Int. Wood Products J. }, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {253}, author = {U. H. ABDULLAH and X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and A. MERLIN} } @article {590, title = {Numerical analysis of the cutting forces in timber}, journal = {ASCE Journal of Engineering Mechanics}, volume = {140}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {523-530}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE} } @article {1283, title = {Numerical study of the spreading and solidification of a molten particle impacting onto a rigid substrate under plasma spraying conditions}, journal = {Thermal Science}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {S. OUKACH and H. HAMDI and M. EL-GANAOUI and B. PATEYRON} } @article {613, title = {Optimization of acid pretratment in order to increase the phenolic content of Picea abies bark by surface response methodology }, journal = {BioResources}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1258-1273}, author = {X. DURET and E. FREDON and E. MASSON and L. DESHARNAIS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {658, title = {Parameters scanning for linear welding of Eucalyptus benthamii wood}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {525-527}, author = {S. ANDRADE-MARTINS and T. GANIER and A. PIZZI and C. DEL MENEZZI} } @article {682, title = {Particleboard production from date palm biomass}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {717-723}, author = {S. AMIROU and A. ZERIZER and A. PIZZI and I. HADDADOU and X. ZHOU} } @article {666, title = {Performance of MUF resins for particleboard before and after spry-drying}, journal = { J.AdhesionSci.Technol.}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {2219-2225}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and G. DU} } @article {660, title = {Phenolic resin adhesives based on chestnut hydrolysable tannins Wood Prod. J., 2013, 4(2): 95-100 }, journal = { Intern.Wood Prod.J.}, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {95-100}, author = {S. SPINA and X. ZHOU and C. SEGOVIA and A. PIZZI and M. ROMAGNOLI and S. GIOVANDO and H. PASCH and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {664, title = {Physical properties of tannin/furanic resin foamed by different blowing agents}, journal = {BioResources}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {743-752}, author = {X. LI and C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {597, title = {Physicochemical characterization of alkaline and ethanol organosolv lignins from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fronds as phenol substitutes for green material applications}, journal = {Ind crops prod}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {23-32}, author = {HUSSIN, M-H. and AFIDAH-ABDUL, R. and MOHAMAD-NASIR, M-I. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {633, title = {Pine tannin-based rigid foams: mechanical and thermal properties}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {C. LACOSTE and C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and M.-P. LABORIE and A. CELZARD} } @article {683, title = {Poly(amidoamine)s dendrimers of different generations as components of melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives used for particleboards production: What are the positive implications?}, journal = {J.Polymer Res.}, volume = {20}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {267-280}, author = {X. ZHOU and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and X. LI and H. PASCH and N. PRETORIUS and G. DU} } @article {629, title = {Pore size diameter, shrinkage and specific gravity evolution during the heat treatment of wood.}, journal = {Innovation in woodworking industry and engineering design}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {18-25}, author = {A. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {661, title = {Production and properties of wood welded panels made from two canadian hardwoods}, journal = { Wood Sci.Technol.}, volume = {47}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1005-1018}, author = {B. BELLEVILLE and T. STEVANOVIC and A. CLOUTIER and A. PIZZI and A. SALENIKOVICH and P. BLANCHET} } @article {1286, title = {Pseudo-bond graph model for the analysis of the thermal behavior of buildings thermal science.}, journal = {Journal of Thermal Science}, volume = {17}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {723}, author = {A. Merabtine and R. Benelmir and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {601, title = {Pyrolysis of propane for CVI of pyrocarbon. Part IV : Main pathways involved in pyrocarbon deposit Ziegler-Devin}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {104}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {48-58}, author = {R. FOUMET and R. LACROIX and P-M. MARQUAIRE} } @article {593, title = {Rapid optimization of Typha grass organosolv pretreatments using parallel microwave reactors for ethanol production}, journal = { Ind Eng Chem Res}, volume = {52}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1691-1697}, author = {CHANDANA-ABEYWICKRAMA, J. and YAKINDRA-TIMILSENA, P. and SUDIT-RAKSHIT, K. and BROSSE, N. and CHRUSCIEL, L.} } @article {607, title = {Removal of Zn(II) from Aqueous Solution onto Kaolin by Batch Design}, journal = {Journal of Water Resource and Protection}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {669-680}, author = {B. MEROUFEL and O. BENALI and M. BENYAHIA and MD. A. ZENASNI and A. MERLIN and B. GEORGE} } @article {599, title = {Removal of Zn(II) from Aqueous Solution onto Kaolin by Batch Design}, journal = {Journal of Water Resource and Protection}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {669-680}, author = {B. MEROUFEL and O. BENALI and M. BENYAHIA and MD. A. ZENASNI and A. MERLIN and B. GEORGE} } @article {594, title = {Revealing the chemistry of biomass thermal conversion by means of tunable synchrotron ionisation - mass spectrometry}, journal = {RCS Advances}, volume = {3}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {4786-4792}, author = {A. DUFOUR and J. WENG and L. JIA and X. TANG and R. FOURNET and N. BROSSE and B. SIRJEAN and G. MAUVIEL and F. QI} } @article {1205, title = {Selected wood properties of Prunus Africana (Hook) grown in Kenya as possible reasons for its high natural durability. }, journal = {Drvna Industrija}, volume = {64}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {19}, author = {F. MBURU and P. SIRMAH and F. MUISU and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN} } @article {623, title = {Selection and validation of enzymatic activities as functional markers in wood biotechnology and fungal ecology}, journal = {Journal of Microbiological Methods }, volume = {92}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {152-163}, author = {Y. MATHIEU and E. GELHAYE and S. DUMARCAY and P. GERARDIN and L. HARVENGT and M. BUEE} } @article {604, title = {Shorter chains make stronger links- Monomers enhance crosslinkling of UV-cured powders for wood coating.}, journal = {European Coatings Journal}, volume = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {22-26}, author = {V. MAURIN and X. ALLONAS and C. CROUTXE-BARGHORN and J. BESSIERES and J. BESSIERES} } @article {652, title = {Structure and oligomers distribution of commercial Tara (Caesalpina spinosa) hydrolysable tannin}, journal = {ProLigno}, volume = {9}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {22-31}, author = {S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and H. PASCH and N. PRETORIUS} } @article {638, title = {Structure and oxidation resistance of microcellular Si-SiC foams derived from natural resins}, journal = {Ceramics International}, volume = {39}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1841-1851}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and C. ZOLLFRANK and A. ORTONA and S. PUSTERLA and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1242, title = {Study on a bamboo stressed flattening process}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {291}, author = {J. LIU and H. ZHANG and L. CHRUSCIEL and B. NA and X. LU} } @article {630, title = {Study on a bamboo stressed flattening process.}, journal = {European journal of wood and wood products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {291-296}, author = {L. JIN and H. ZHANG and L. CHRUSCIEL and B. NA and X. LU} } @article {600, title = {A supramolecular hydrogel based on an original pseudopeptidic catanionic surfactant New Journal of Chemistry.}, journal = { New Journal. Chem.}, volume = {37}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {559-562}, author = {C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER and F. OBOUNOU-AKONG and A. PASC and M. EMO} } @article {686, title = {Surface quality of plywood overlaid with mimosa (Acacia mearnsii) tannin and melamine urea formaldehyde impregnated paper:~ Effects of moisture content of resin-impregnated papers before pressing on the physical properties of overlaid panels}, journal = {Int. wood Products J. }, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {253-256}, author = {U.H. ABDULLAH and X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and A. MERLIN} } @article {1228, title = {Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole/maghnite nanocomposites by in situ intercalative polymerization. }, journal = {International Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {68}, author = {M.A. ZENASNI and B. MEROUFEL and S. BENFARHI and M. CHEHIMI and S. MOLINA and B. GEORGE and M. RAGOUBI and A. MERLIN} } @article {690, title = {Synthesis of Resins with Ozonized Sunflower Oil and Radiata Pine Tannins}, journal = {J.Renew.Mat.}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {242-252}, author = {M. THEBAULT and A. PIZZI and E. FREDON} } @article {647, title = {Systematic studies of tannin-formaldehyde aerogels: preparation and properties}, journal = {Sci.Techn.Adv.Materials}, volume = {14}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZCUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {670, title = {Tannin based xerogels with distinctive porous structure}, journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy}, volume = {56}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {437-445}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and L.I. GRISHECHKO and V. FIERRO and B.N. KUTZNETSOV and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {676, title = {Tannin-based flax fibre-reinforced bio-composites for structural application in Superlight Electric Vehicles}, journal = { Ind Crops \& Prod}, volume = {50}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {68-76}, author = {J. ZHU and H. ABHYANKAR and J. NJUGUNA and D. PERREUX and F. THIEBAUD and D. CHAPELLE and A. PIZZI and A. SAUGET and A. NICOLLIN} } @article {662, title = {Tannin/furanic foams without blowing agents and formaldehyde}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prods.}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {17-22}, author = {M.C. BASSO and S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO} } @article {641, title = {Tannin-Furfuryl alcohol wood panel adhesives without formaldehyde}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {131-132}, author = {U.H.B. ABDULLAH and A. PIZZI} } @article {668, title = {Tannin-resorcinol-aldehyde cold-set wood adhesives with only formaldehyde as hardener}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {537-538}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1284, title = {Thermal impedance estimations by semi-derivatives and semi-integrals 1-D semi-infinite cases}, journal = {Thermal Science}, volume = {17}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {581}, author = {J. HRISTOV and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {622, title = {Thermodesorption coupled to GC-MS to characterize volatiles formation kinetic during wood thermodegradation.}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {101}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {96-102}, author = {K. CANDELIER and S. DUMARCAY and A. PETRISSANS and M. PETRISSANS and P. KAMDEM and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1282, title = {Thermo-mechanical modeling of the splat formation in plasma spray conditions}, journal = {Physical and Chemical News}, volume = {67}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {113}, author = {S. OUKACH and H. HAMDI and M. EL-GANAOUI and B. PATEYRON} } @article {636, title = {Upgrading of MUF Wood Adhesives for Particleboard by Highly-Branched Polymers}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1058-1068}, author = {X. ZHOU and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and X. LI and K. RODE and G. DU} } @article {605, title = {Wood-coating layer studies by X-ray imaging}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {47}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {853-867}, author = {J. BESSIERES and V. MAURIN and B. GEORGE and S. MOLINA and E. MASSON and A. MERLIN} } @article {671, title = {Wood{\textendash}bamboo{\textendash}wood laminated composite lumber jointed by linear vibration{\textendash}friction welding}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {683-686}, author = {J. HU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1276, title = {A 2D LATTICE Boltzmann full analysis of MHD convective heat transfer in saturated porous square enclosure}, journal = {CMES Tech. Science Press}, volume = {84}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {499}, author = {R. DJEBALI and M. EL-GANAOUI and T. NAFFOUTI} } @article {566, title = {Adsorption of Cu(II) on maghnite from aqueous solution: Effects of pH, initial concentration, interaction time and temperature}, journal = {Natural Science}, volume = {4}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {856-868}, author = {M.A. ZENASNI and S. BENFARHI and A. MERLIN and S. MOLINA and B. GEORGE and B. MEROUFEL} } @article {587, title = {Amino-ethoxilated fluorinated amphiphile: Synthesis, self-assembling properties and interactions with ssDNA }, journal = {Journal of Fluorine Chemistry}, volume = {135}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {330-338}, author = {N. DUPUY and A. PASC and S. PARANT and S. FONTANAY and R-E. DUVAL and C. GERARDIN} } @article {532, title = {Analysis of the mechanical behaviour of wood and welded wood under tensile-shear loads using a modified Arcan device}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1717-1731}, author = {B. GINESTE and J.Y. COGNARD and A. PIZZI} } @article {1279, title = {Analytical and innovative solutions for heat transfer problems involving phase change and interfaces. }, journal = {Comptes Rendus M{\'e}canique}, volume = {340}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {463}, author = {M. EL-GANAOUI and J. HRISTOV and M. LACROIX} } @article {1271, title = {Analytical and Numerical solutions for natural convection in a shallow cavity filled with two immiscible fluids : shear stress action}, journal = {Numerical Heat Transfer}, volume = {62}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {605}, author = {OUESLATI, F.S. and BENNACER, R. and SAMMOUDA, H. and El-GANAOUI, M.} } @article {1278, title = {Analytical computation of transient heat transfer and macro-constriction resistance applied to thermal spraying processes}, journal = {Comptes Rendus M{\'e}canique}, volume = {340}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {536}, author = {N. LARAQI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1275, title = {On the aptitude of the lattice Blotzmann approach for the treatment of the transient heat transfer with crack resistance}, journal = {Comptes Rendus M{\'e}canique}, volume = {340}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {518}, author = {El-GANAOUI, M. and ADDAKIRI, S. and SEMMA, E.} } @article {581, title = {Artificial ageing of wood finishes monitored by IR analysis and colour measurements}, journal = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, volume = {124}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1938-1946}, author = {Y. IRMOULI and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN} } @article {533, title = {"Blue-glue": A new precursor of carbon aerogels}, journal = { Microporous and Mesoporous Materials}, volume = {158}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {272-280}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and E. MASSON and A. CELZARD} } @article {552, title = {Bond Graph Approach for Modeling and Analysis of Transient Heat Conduction in the Prospect of Energy Building Applicatio}, journal = {International Journal of Energy Environment and Economics}, volume = {20}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {53-74}, author = {S. MOKRAOUI and MERABTINE, A. and BENELMIR, R. and N. LARAQI} } @article {548, title = {A Bond Graph Model Validation of an experimental single zone building}, journal = {Journal of Fluid Dynamic and Material Process (FDMP)}, volume = {8}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {215-240}, author = {MERABTINE, A. and S. MOKRAOUI and BENELMIR, R. and N. LARAQI} } @article {1224, title = {Caract{\'e}risation exp{\'e}rimentale des transferts coupl{\'e}s de chaleur et de masse dans les enveloppes de constructions en bois}, journal = {Mechanics \& Industry}, volume = {13}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {347}, author = {H. RAFIDIARISON and E. MOUGEL and A. NICOLAS} } @article {557, title = {Characterization of a Phanerochaete chrysosporium Glutathione Transferase Reveals a Novel Structural and Functional Class with Ligandin Properties}, journal = {Journal of Biological Chemistry}, volume = {287}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {39001-39011}, author = {Y. MATHIEU and P. PROSPER and M. BUEE and S. DUMARCAY and F. FAVIER and E. GELHAYE and P. GERARDIN and L. HARVENGT and J-P. JACQUOT and T. LAMANT} } @article {528, title = {Characterization of pomegranate peel tannin extractives}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Products}, volume = {40}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {239-246}, author = {H. SAAD and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and B. CHARRIER and N. AYED} } @article {577, title = {Chemical modification of tannin/furanic rigid foams by isocyanates and polyurethanes}, journal = {Maderas}, volume = {14}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {257-265}, author = {X. LI and M.C. BASSO and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1149, title = {Chemistry, morphology, microtomography and activation of natural and carbonized tannin foams for different applications. }, journal = {Macromolecular Symposia }, volume = {313-314}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {100}, author = {A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and G. TONDI} } @article {1239, title = {Combination enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol organosolv pretreatments : effect on lignin structures, delignification yields and cellulose-to-glucose conversion }, journal = {Bioressources Technology}, volume = {112}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {156}, author = {P. OBAMA and G. RICOCHON and L. MUNIGLIA and N. BROSSE} } @article {551, title = {A Comparative Modeling of an Experimental Single-Zone Building with Bond Graphs and TRNSYS}, journal = {International Journal of Energy Environment and Economics}, volume = {20}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {39-52}, author = {MERABTINE, A. and MOKRAOUI, S. and BENELMIR, R. and DESCIEUX, D.} } @article {556, title = {Comparison of woods extractives coming from species commonly used in manufactures of wood}, journal = {Oriental Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {28}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {29-39}, author = {S.D. BAKHKHAT and A. DONNOT and A. HAKAM and D. PERRIN and M.O. RIGO and S. DUMARCAY and A. MERLIN and Z. HAMOUTAHRA} } @article {536, title = {Condensed tannins from grape pomace : characterization by FTIR and MALDI TOF and production of environment friendly wood adhesive}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {40}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {13-20}, author = {LANG,PING and PIZZI, A. and ZHOU-DING, G. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {574, title = {Determination of optimal wood welding parameters for two North American hardwood species}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {256-276}, author = {B. BELLEVILLE and T. STEVANOVIC and A. SALENIKOVIC and A. PIZZI and A. CLOUTIER and P. BLANCHET} } @article {543, title = {Development of green adhesives for fibreboard manufacturing, using tannin and lignin from pulp mill residues}, journal = {Cellul.Chem.Technol.}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {449-455}, author = {F. BERTAUD and S. TAPIN-LINGUA and A. PIZZI and P. NAVARRETE and M. PETIT-CONYL} } @article {544, title = {Development of green adhesives for fibreboard manufacturing, using tannins and lignin from pulp mill}, journal = {Cellulose Chem Techn.}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {449-455}, author = {F. BERTAUD and S. TAPIN-LINGUA and A. PIZZI and P. NAVARRETE and M. PETIT-CONYL} } @article {546, title = {Development of green adhesives for fibreboards manufacturing, using tannins and lignin from pulp mill residues}, journal = {Cellul.ChemTechnol.}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {449-455}, author = {F. BERTAUD and S. TAPIN-LINGUA and A. PIZZI and P. NAVARRETE and M. PETIT-CONYL} } @article {582, title = {Effect of corona discharge treatment on mechanical and thermal properties of composites based on miscanthus fibres and polylactic acid or polypropylene matrix}, journal = {Composites part A}, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {675-685}, author = {M. RAGOUBI and B. GEORGE and S. MOLINA and D. BIENAIME and A. MERLIN and J.-M. HIVER and A. DAHOUN} } @article {1452, title = {Effect of corona discharge treatment on mechanical and thermal properties of composites based on miscanthus fibres and polylactic acid or polypropylene matrix}, journal = {Composites part A, }, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, pages = {675-685}, author = {RAGOUBI,M and GEORGE,B and MOLINA,S. and BIENAIME,D and MERLIN, A. and J-M,HIVER and DAHOUN,A} } @article {559, title = {Effect of heat treatment intensity on wood chemical composition and decay durability of Pinus patula}, journal = {European Journal of Wood Sciences}, volume = {70}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {519-524}, author = {A. MOHAREB and P. SIRMAH and M. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1203, title = {Effect of hydrocarbon stapling on the properties of alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides isolated from the venom of hymenoptera}, journal = {Amino Acids}, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {2047}, author = {H. CHAPUIS and J. SLANINOVA and L. BEDNAROVA and L. MONINCOVA and M. BUDESINSKY and V. CEROVSKY} } @article {529, title = {The effect of nanoclay on melamine-urea-formaldehyde wood adhesives}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1341-1348}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and G. DU} } @article {583, title = {Effect of the pre-treatment severity on the antioxidant properties of ethanol organosolv Miscanthus x giganteus lignin}, journal = {Natural Resources}, volume = {3}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {29-34}, author = {R. ELHAGE and D. PERRIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1277, title = {Effect of thermal contact resistance on alumina molten particle impacting onto a metal substrate.}, journal = {Defect and Diffusion forum}, volume = {326-328}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {482}, author = {S. OUKACH and B. PATEYRON and H. HAMDI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {524, title = {Efficacy of tannin in fixing boron in wood: fungal and termite resistance}, journal = {Bioresources}, volume = {7}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1238-1252}, author = {G. TONDI and S. WIELAND and N. LEMENAGER and A. PETUTSCHNIGG and A. PIZZI and M.F. THEVENON} } @article {518, title = {Electromagnetic shielding efficiency in Ka-band: carbon foam versus epoxy/CNT composites}, journal = {J. Nanophotonics}, volume = {6}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, author = {P. KUZIR and G. PADUBSKAYA and M. SHUBA and S. MAKSIMENKO and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. PIZZI and J. MACUTKEVIC and J. BANYS and S. BISTARELLI and M. MASTRUCCI and F. MICCIULLA and I. SACCO and S. BELLUCCI} } @article {586, title = {Energy consumption in the convective drying of solid wood analyzed by a multiscale computational model}, journal = { Drying Technology Journal}, volume = {30}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1136-1146}, author = {P. PERRE and R. REMOND and E. MOUGEL and G. ALMEIDA} } @article {553, title = {Energy Tri-Generation: Combined Gas Cogeneration/Solar Cooling}, journal = {Int. J. of Thermal \& Environmental Engineering}, volume = {4}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {157-163}, author = {BENELMIR, R. and MERABTINE, A. and DESCIEUX, D.} } @article {575, title = {Enhancing water resistance of welded dowel wood joints by acetylated lignin}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {252-262}, author = {A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and P. NAVARRETE and C. SEGOVIA and H.R. MANSOURI and M-I. PLACENTIA-PENA and F. PICHELIN} } @article {1241, title = {Ethanol organosolv pretreatment of Typha Capensis for bio-ethanol production and co-products }, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {7}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {5917}, author = {I.G. AUDU and N. BROSSE and L. DESHARNAIS and S.K. RAKSHIT} } @article {1274, title = {Exergetic Analyses of a Particular Absorption Cooling System}, journal = {Defect and Diffusion Forum}, volume = {326-328}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {641}, author = {BOUAZIZ N. and LOUNISSI D. and KAIROUANI L. and El-GANAOUI M.} } @article {558, title = {Experimental and numerical analysis of wood thermodegradation - Mass loss kinetics}, journal = {Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry}, volume = {109}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {907-914}, author = {A. PETRISSANS and R. YOUNSI and M. CHAOUCH and P. GERARDIN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {538, title = {Experimental study of timber-to-timber composite beam using welded-through wood dowels}, journal = {Construct.Build.Mat.}, volume = {36}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {245-250}, author = {C. O{\textquoteright}LOISINGH and M. OUDJENE and H. AIT-ADLER and P. FANNING and A. PIZZI and E. SHOTTON and E.-M. MEGHLAT} } @article {578, title = {Exploratory results for composites of natural fibre mats with a natural matrix of epoxidized vegetable oils}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {3-8}, author = {A. SAUGET and A. PIZZI} } @article {1212, title = {The fate of trace elements during the combustion of phytoremediation wood. }, journal = {Environmental Science and Technology}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {13361}, author = {M. CHALOT and D. BLAUDEZ and Y. ROGAUME and A.S. PROVENT and C. PASCUAL} } @article {523, title = {Flexible natural tannin-based and protein-based biosourced foams}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Products}, volume = {37}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {389-393}, author = {X. LI and A. PIZZI and M. CANGEMI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {584, title = {Fluidisation de particules de bois en lit mixte~: faisabilit{\'e} et contr{\^o}le du proc{\'e}d{\'e}}, journal = {Mechanics \& Industry}, volume = {13}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {69-76}, author = {J.L. TANGUIER and R. Benelmir and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {542, title = {High density composites from natural fibres and tannin resin}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1537-1545}, author = {A. NICOLLIN and R. KUENY and L. TONIAZZO and A. PIZZI} } @article {1227, title = {High temperature reforming of hydrocarbons in a gas from biomass}, journal = {Fuel}, volume = {243}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {70}, author = {H. HIBLOT and I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and R. FOURNET and P.A. GLAUDE} } @article {541, title = {Highly mesoporous organic aerogels derived from soy and tannin}, journal = {Green Chemistry}, volume = {14}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {3099-3106}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and L. GRISHECHKO and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and B. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD} } @article {521, title = {Impact of depressurizing rate on the porosity of aerogels}, journal = {Microporous \& Mesoporous Materials}, volume = {152}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {240-245}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and E. MASSON and A. CELZARD} } @article {534, title = {Industrial production of pine tannin-bonded particleboard and MDF}, journal = {Eur.J.Wood \& Wood Prod.}, volume = {70}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {735-740}, author = {J. VALENZUELA and E. VON LEYSER and A. PIZZI and C. WESTERMEYER and B. GORRINI} } @article {540, title = {Influence of machine setting and wood parameters on crack-propagation in Scots pine joints produced by linear friction welding}, journal = {J.Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {2189-2197}, author = {M. VAZIRI and O. LINDGREN and A. PIZZI} } @article {1256, title = {Influence of the heterogeneity of the raw wood material on the final quality of the heat treated wood. }, journal = {Innovation in woodworking industry and engineering design. }, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {31}, author = {J. HAMADA and A. PETRISSANS and F. MOTHE and M. FOURNIER and M. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {520, title = {Insulation rigid and elastic foams based on albumin}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Products}, volume = {37}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {149-154}, author = {X. LI and A. PIZZI and M. CANGEMI and P. NAVARRETE and C. SEGOVIA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1225, title = {Laboratory experiments on hygrothermal behaviour of real-scale timber walls.}, journal = {Maderas. Ciencia y tecnologia}, volume = {14}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {389}, author = {RH. RAFIDIARISON and E. MOUGEL and A. NICOLAS} } @article {1273, title = {A lattice Boltzman based investigation of powder in-flight characteristics during APS process, Part I : Modelling and Validation}, journal = {Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics}, volume = {12}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {270}, author = {DJEBALI, R. and PATEYRON, B. and El-GANAOUI, M.} } @article {530, title = {Low formaldehyde emitting biobased wood adhesives manufactured from mixtures of tannin and glyoxalated lignin}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1667-1684}, author = {P. NAVARRETE and A. PIZZI and S. TAPIN-LINGUA and B. BENJELLOUN-MLAYAH and H. PASCH and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE and S. RIGOLET} } @article {525, title = {Mechanical behaviour and 3D stress analysis of multilayered wooden beams made with welded-through wood dowels}, journal = {Composite Structures}, volume = {94}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {312-313}, author = {C. O{\textquoteright}LOISING and M. OUDJENE and E. SHOTTON and A. PIZZI and P. FANNING} } @article {1240, title = {Miscanthus: a fast growing crop for bio-fuels and chemicals production }, journal = {Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining}, volume = {6}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {580}, author = {N. BROSSE and A. DUFOUR and M. XIANZHI and Q. SUN and A. RAGAUSKAS} } @article {1222, title = {Mod{\'e}lisation par la m{\'e}thode Bond Graph d{\textquoteright}un syst{\`e}me combin{\'e} planch{\'e} chauffant - plafond raffraichissant.}, journal = {Mechanics \& Industry}, volume = {13}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {77}, author = {A. Merabtine and S. MOKRAOUI and R. Benelmir and N. LARAQI} } @article {1150, title = {Modification of tannin based rigid foams using oligomers of a hyperbranched poly(amine-ester).}, journal = {J. Polymer research}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, author = {X. LI and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and K. RODE and D. LE NOUEN and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {585, title = {Moisture diffusion coefficient of reaction woods: compression wood of Picea abies L. and tension wood of Fagus sylvatica L}, journal = { Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {405-417}, author = {A. TARMIAN and R. REMOND and H. DASHTI and P. PERRE} } @article {634, title = {New tannin-lignin aerogels}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {41}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {347-355}, author = {L. GRISHECHKO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and V. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD} } @article {535, title = {New tannin-lignin aerogels}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {41}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {347-355}, author = {L. GRISHECHKO and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and V. KUZNETSOV and A. CELZARD} } @article {1148, title = {Nitrogen-doped carbon materials produced from hydrothermally treated tannin.}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {50}, year = {2012}, chapter = {5411}, author = {F. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and M.T. IZQUIERDO and J. PARMENTIER and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {550, title = {Nouveaux materiaux poreux multifunctionnels derives du bois}, journal = {Techniques de l{\textquoteright}Ingenieur}, volume = {11}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1-30}, author = {A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI} } @article {579, title = {~Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer in a compact finned tubes air heat exchanger under dehumidification conditions~}, journal = { Heat and Mass Transfer Journal}, volume = {48}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {663-682}, author = {BENELMIR, R. and MOKRAOUI, S.} } @article {1269, title = {Numerical simulation and analysis of flow in resin transfer molding process}, journal = {Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing}, volume = {8}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {277}, author = {SAAD, A. and ECHCHELH, A. and HATTABI, M. and El-GANAOUI, M.} } @article {1270, title = {Numerical simulation of thickness variation effect on resin transfer molding process}, journal = {Polymer Composites}, volume = {33}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {10}, author = {SAAD, A. and ECHCHELH, A. and HATTABI, M. and El-GANAOUI, M.} } @article {539, title = {Oligomers distribution at the gel point of tannin-resorcinol-formaldehyde cold-set wood adhesives}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {78-88}, author = {A. PIZZI and H. PASCH and A. CELZARD and A. SZCZUREK} } @article {1267, title = {A one-dimentional 4-node shear-flexible beam element for beam-to-solid modeling in mechanically jointed connections made with screws or nails}, journal = {e-Book Full Papers}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {7771}, author = {E.M. MEGHLAT and M. OUDJENE and H. AIT-AIDER and J.L. BATOZ} } @article {1268, title = {The optimal design of sheet metal forming processes : Application to the clinching of thin sheets.}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology}, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {110}, author = {N. LEBAAL and M. OUDJENE and S. ROTH} } @article {519, title = {Optimisation of tensile-shear strength for linear welded Scots pine}, journal = {J.Adhesion Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {109-119}, author = {M. VAZIRI and O. LINDGREN and A. PIZZI} } @article {1238, title = {Origin of molecular mobility during biomass pyrolysis as revealed by in situ 1H 1NMR analysis}, journal = {ChemSusChem}, volume = {5}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1}, author = {A. DUFOUR and M. CASTRO-DIAZ and N. BROSSE and M. BOUROUKB and C. SNAPE} } @article {547, title = {Overview on gas turbines and combined cycles with NOx reduction consideration}, journal = {International Journal of Energy Environment and Economics}, volume = {20}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {217-226}, author = {CENUSA, V. and BENELMIR, R. and MERABTINE, A.} } @article {516, title = {Performance of MUF resins for particleboard before and after spry-drying}, journal = {ProLigno}, volume = {8}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {3-9}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and G. DU} } @article {526, title = {Pore structure and electrochemical performances of tannin-based carbon cryogels}, journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy}, volume = {39}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {274-282}, author = {G. AMARAL-LABAT and A. SZCZUREK and V. FIERRO and N. STEIN and C. BOULANGER and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1272, title = {Prandtl number signature on flow Patterns of electrically conducting fluid in square enclosure.}, journal = {CMES: Computer Modeling in Engineering \& Sciences}, volume = {8}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {293}, author = {DJEBALI, R. and El-GANAOUI, M. and PATEYRON, B.} } @article {554, title = {Prediction of breaks caused by lipophilic extractives using on-line turbidity measurement}, journal = {Nordic Pulp \& Paper Research Journal}, volume = {27}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {910-914}, author = {C. CAEL and L. DESHARNAIS and S. DUMARCAY and M.J. STEBE and T. DELAGOUTTE and A. KLEM and P. GERARDIN} } @article {537, title = {Radiative properties of tannin-based, glasslike, carbon foams}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {50}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {4102-4113}, author = {CELZARD, A. and TONDI, G. and LACROIX, D. and JEANDEL, G. and MONOD, B. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {564, title = {Rational production of veneer by IR-heating of green wood during peeling: Modelling experiments}, journal = {Holzforschung}, volume = {67}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {53-58}, author = {A. DUPLEIX and S. OULD-AHMEDOU and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. ROSSI and M. HUGUES} } @article {549, title = {Reference calculations for gas turbines calculations}, journal = {International Journal of Energy Environment and Economics}, volume = {20}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {247-266}, author = {CENUSA, V. and BENELMIR, R. and MERABTINE, A.} } @article {555, title = {Sphingobium sp. SYK-6 LigG involved in lignin degradation is structurally and biochemically related to the glutathione transferase omega class}, journal = {FEBS Letters }, volume = {586}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {29-39}, author = {E. MEUX and P. PROSPER and E. MASAI and G. MULLIERT and S. DUMARCAY and M. MOREL and C. DIDIERJEAN and E. GELHAYE and F. FAVIER} } @article {560, title = {Spruce bark hydrolysis to optimize phenolic content}, journal = {Cellulose Chem. Technol.}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {541-550}, author = {X. DURET and E. FREDON and P. GERARDIN and E. MASSON} } @article {531, title = {Study on Lignin-Glyoxal reaction by MALDI-TOF and CP-MAS 13C NMR}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1069-1082}, author = {P. NAVARRETE and A. PIZZI and H. PASCH and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {588, title = { "Synthesis and self-assembling behavior of F-amphiphilic functionalized amines"}, journal = {Journal of Fluorine Chemistry}, volume = {134}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {115-121}, author = {N. DUPUY and A. PASC and E. MAYOT and S. COSGUN and C. GERARDIN} } @article {1204, title = {Synthesis of 6-substituted 2(1H)-pyridon-3-yl C-2{\textquoteright}-deoxyribonucleosides}, journal = {Eur. J. Org. Chem. }, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1759}, author = {H. CHAPUIS and T. KUBELKA and N. JOUBERT and L. SLAVETINSKA and M. HOCEK} } @article {522, title = {Tailoring the structure of cellular vitreous carbon foams}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {50}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {2026-2036}, author = {X. LI and M.C. BASSO and F.L. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1146, title = {Tannin-boron preservatives for wood buildings: mechanical and fire properties. }, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Wood products}, volume = {70}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {689}, author = {G. TONDI and S. WIELAND and T. WIMMER and M.F. THEVENON and A. PIZZI and A. PETUTSCHNIGG} } @article {580, title = {UV Powders for wood coatings}, journal = {Radtech Report}, volume = {2}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {12-16}, author = {V. MAURIN and X. ALLONAS and C. CROUTXE-BARGHORN and J. BESSIERE and A. MERLIN} } @article {545, title = {Wood adhesives from agricultural by-products: lignins and tannins for the elaboration of particleboards}, journal = {Cellulose Chem Techn.}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {457-462}, author = {LAN-PING, F. and GAMBIER, F. and PIZZI, A. and ZHOU-DING, G. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1147, title = {Wood blockboards for construction by wood welding with pre-oiled dowels.}, journal = {J. Adh. Science Technology}, year = {2012}, author = {C. SEGOVIA and X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI} } @article {563, title = {Wood coating by UV powders}, journal = {Cellulose Chem. Technol.}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {471-476}, author = {V. MAURIN and J. BESSIERE and C. CROUTXE-BARGHORN and X. ALLONAS and A. MERLIN and E. MASSON} } @article {562, title = {Wood peeling process monitoring: a comparison of signal processing method to estimate veneer average lathe check frequency}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {70}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {253-261}, author = {L-E. DENAUD and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. EYMA and R. MARCHAL} } @article {730, title = {Assessment and computational improvement of thermal lattice Boltzmann models based Benchmark computations.}, journal = {CMES: Computer Modeling in Engineering \& Science}, volume = {71}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {179-202}, author = {R. DJEBALI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {720, title = {CO2 evaporators design for vehicle HVAC operation: modelization and experimentation}, journal = {Applied Thermal Engineering}, year = {2011}, author = {AYAD, F. and BENELMIR, R. and SOUAYED, A.} } @article {724, title = {A comparative modeling of an experimental single-zone building with bond graphs and TRNSYS.}, journal = { Int. Journal of Energy, Environment, and Economics}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, author = {MERABTINE, A. and MOKRAOUI, S. and BENELMIR, R. and DESCIEUX, D.} } @article {1423, title = {Condensed tannins extraction from grape pomace: characterization and utilization as wood adhesives for wood particleboard,}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod.,}, volume = {34}, year = {2011}, chapter = {907-914}, author = {LAN, P. and PIZZI, A. and DING-GUO, Z. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {712, title = {Condensed tannins extraction from grape pomace: characterization and utilization as wood adhesives for wood particleboard.}, journal = {Industrial Crops Product sous presse}, volume = {34}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {907-914}, author = {LAN, P. and BROSSE, N. and PIZZI, A. and ZHOU-DING, G.} } @article {707, title = {Corona discharge treatment route to the grafting of modified cyclodextrin molecules onto cellulose}, journal = {Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry Volume}, volume = {70}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {143-152}, author = {BENHADI, S. and RAGOUBI, M. and JOLY, J.P. and MOLINA, S. and GEORGE, B. and BROSSE, N} } @article {715, title = {Effects of polyvinyl alcohol on leachability and efficacy of boron wood preservatives against fungal decay and termites attack. }, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {45}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {407-417}, author = {MOHAREB, A. and THEVENON, M.F. and WOZNIAK, E. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {723, title = {Energy based simulation model for vehicle HVAC operation}, journal = {Thermal Engineering}, volume = {31}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {696-700}, author = {MARACHLIAN, J. and BENELMIR, R. and El BAKKALI, A. and OLIVIER, G.} } @article {1445, title = {Enhancing the exterior performance of wood linear and rotational welding.}, journal = {J. Adh. Sci. Technol.}, volume = {, 25}, year = {2011}, chapter = { 2717-2730 }, author = {PIZZI. A and MANSOURI. H. R and LEBAN. J .M and DELMOTTE. L. and OMRANI. P and PICHELIN. F} } @article {713, title = {Evaluation of grape stalks as a bioresource}, journal = {Industrial Crops Product}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {200-204}, author = {LAN, P and BROSSE, N and SANNIGRAHI, P and X. RAGAUSKAS} } @article {732, title = {Experimental study about the effects of disc chipper settings on the distribution of wood chip size}, journal = { Biomass and Bioenergy Journal}, volume = {35}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {843-852}, author = {ABDALLAH, R. and AUCHET, S. and MEAUSOONE, P-J.} } @article {722, title = {An experimental study and a numerical simulation of the turbulent flow under the vortex finder of a cyclone separator.}, journal = { Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {4}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {69-75}, author = {TALBI, K. and NEMOUCHI, Z. and DONNOT, A. and BELGHAR, N.} } @article {721, title = {Experimental study of wood dust precipitation in a wire-cylinder electrostatic precipitator}, journal = {International Journal of Energy, Enrivonment, and Economics}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, author = {BENAMAR, B. and DONNOT, A. and RIGO, M.O.} } @article {1420, title = {Extraction, characterization and utilization of organosolv Miscanthus lignin for the conception of resin for wood adhesives,}, journal = {Adh. Sci. Technol}, volume = {25}, year = {2011}, chapter = {1549-1560}, author = {EL HAGE, R. and BROSSE, N. and NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {709, title = {Extraction, characterization and utilization of Organosolv Miscanthus lignin for the conception of environmentally friendly mixed tannin/lignin wood resins}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {25}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {1549-1560}, author = {ELHAGE, R. and BROSSE, N. and NAVARRETE, P and PIZZI, A} } @article {1421, title = {Extraction de la lignine de Miscanthus x Giganteus pour la production d{\textquoteright}adh{\'e}sifs pour le mat{\'e}riau bois,}, journal = {Materiaux \& Techniques }, volume = {99}, year = {2011}, chapter = {463-469}, author = {EL-HAGE, R and NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {717, title = {Extraction of condensed tannins from grape pomace for use as wood adhesives}, journal = {Industrial Crops Product}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {253-257}, author = {LAN, P. and BROSSE, N. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1424, title = {Extraction of condensed tannins from grape pomace for use as wood adhesives}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod.,}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, chapter = {253-257}, author = {LAN, P. and BROSSE, N. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and NAVARETTE, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {726, title = {A fast computational model to the simulation of non-isothermal mold filling process in resin transfer molding}, journal = { Polymer composites}, volume = {32}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {857-868}, author = {S.A. ECHCHELH and M. HATTABI and M. ELGANAOUI} } @article {714, title = {Glutathione Transferases of Phanerochaete chrysosporium: S-glytathionyl-p-hydroquinone reductase belongs to a new structural class}, journal = {Journal of Biological Chemistry}, volume = {286}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {9162-9173}, author = {MEUX, E. and PASCALITA, P. and NGADIN, A. and DIDIERJEAN, C. and MOREL, M. and DUMARCAY, S. and LAMANT, T. and JACQUOT, JP. and FAVIER, F. and GELHAYE, E.} } @article {727, title = {An improved computational method for non isothermal resin transfer moulding simulation}, journal = {Thermal Science}, volume = {15}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {275-289}, author = {S.A. ECHCHELH and M. HATTABI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {729, title = {Improvement of a flow tracking method applied to resin transfer moulding simulation}, journal = {Phys. Chem. News}, volume = {57}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {85-94}, author = {S.A. ECHCHELH and M. HATTABI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1448, title = {Influence of welding parameters on weldline density and its relation to crack formation in welded scots pine}, journal = {J.Adh. Sci.Technol. }, volume = { 25}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1450, title = {Influence of wood welding parameters and wood properties on water absorption in Scots pine joints induced by linear friction welding,}, journal = { J. Adh. Sci. Technol.}, volume = { 25}, year = {2011}, month = { 2011,}, pages = { 1839-1847}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {396, title = {Laser induced incandescence determination of the ratio of the soot absorption functions at 532 nm and 1064 nm in the nucleation zone of a low pressure premixed sooting flame}, journal = {Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics}, volume = {104}, year = {2011}, pages = {297-305}, author = {CLEON, G. and AMODEO, T. and FACCINETTO, P. and DESGROUX, P.} } @article {716, title = {Limitation of XPS for analysis of wood species containing high amounts of lipophilic extractives}, journal = { Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {45}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {369-382}, author = {NGUILA-INARI, G. and PETRISSANS, M. and DUMARCAY, S. and LAMBERT, J. and EHRHARDT, J.J. and GERARDIN, P. and M. SERNEK} } @article {1429, title = {Limitation of XPS for analysis of wood species containing high amounts of lipophilic extractives}, journal = {Wood Sci. Technol.}, volume = {45}, year = {2011}, chapter = {369-382}, author = {NGUILA-INARI, G. and PETRISSANS, M. and DUMARCAY, S. and LAMBERT, J. and EHRHARDT, J.J. and {\v S}ERNEK, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1449, title = {Magnetic resonance imaging of water distribution in welded woods}, journal = {J. Adh. Sci.Technol.}, volume = { 25}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, pages = {1997-200}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and ORADD, G. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1446, title = {Mass diffusivity of Low Density Fiberboard Determined Under Steady and Unsteady State Conditions: Evidence of dual scale mechanisms in the diffusion.}, journal = {Wood Material Science and Engineering}, volume = { 6(1\&2): 23 }, year = {2011}, author = {REMOND, R. and ALMEIDA, G.} } @article {711, title = {Microwave-assisted synthesis of polyglycerol from glycerol carbonate}, journal = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, volume = {120}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {2354-2360}, author = {IAYCH, K. and DUMARCAY, S. and FREDON, E. and GERARDIN, C. and LEMOR, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1422, title = {Microwave-assisted synthesis of polyglycerol from glycerol carbonate.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polym. Sci., }, volume = {120}, year = {2011}, chapter = {2354-2360}, author = {IAYCH, K. and DUMARCAY, S. and FREDON, E. and GERARDIN, C. and LEMOR, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {719, title = {New type of anhydrous organic electrolyte based on carboxylic acid functional triazole as model system}, journal = {Synthetic Metals}, volume = {161}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {665-669}, author = {TURK, M. and COSGUN, S. and {\"U}N{\"U}G{\"U}RELIK, S. and ERDEMI, H. and GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER, C. and BOZKURT, A.} } @article {728, title = {Numerical study for the effect of the srength and the direction of a static magnetic field on the transient double-diffusive flow in liquid phase during an alloy solidification}, journal = {Defect and Diffusion}, volume = {297-301}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {97-104}, author = {F. MECHIGHEL and B. PATEYRON and M. KADJA and M. ELGANAOUI and S. DOST} } @article {1419, title = {Removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solutions by adsorption on chemically modified cellulosic supports}, journal = {Science and Technology}, volume = {29}, year = {2011}, chapter = {320-332}, author = {ELBARIJI, S. and PETRISSANS, A. and ELAMINE, M. and OUZAOUIT, K. and KABLI, H. and ALBOURINE, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {710, title = {Removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solutions by adsorption on chemically modified cellulosic supports.}, journal = {Particulate Science and Technology}, volume = {29}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {320-332}, author = {ELBARIJI, S. and PETRISSANS, A. and ELAMINE, M. and OUZAOUIT, K. and KABLI, H. and ALBOURINE, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1418, title = {A Screening Study of Natural Color of Wood from Different Geographical Regions}, journal = {Research Journal of Forestry}, volume = {5}, year = {2011}, chapter = {162-168}, author = {EL-BAKALI, S. and YAGI, S. and MERLIN, A. and DEGLISE, X.} } @article {731, title = {Simulation and modeling of turbulent plasma jet based on axisymetric LBGK model}, journal = {Defect and Diffusion Forum}, volume = {312-315}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {1167-1171}, author = {R. DJEBALI and M. EL-GANAOUI and B. PATEYRON and H. SAMMOUDA} } @article {1229, title = {Study of Natural Colour of wood form different geographical regions}, journal = {Research Journal of Forestry}, volume = {5}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {162}, author = {I. EL-BAKALI and S. YAGI and A. MERLIN and X. DEGLISE} } @article {725, title = {Study on the dynamical characteristics of a supersonic high pressure ratio underexpanded impinging ideal gas jet through numerical simulations}, journal = {Mechanics Research Communications}, volume = {38}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {267-273}, author = {DUBS, P. and KHALIJ, M. and BENELMIR, R. and TAZIBT, A} } @article {708, title = {Synthesis and self-assembling behavior of F-amphiphilic functionalized amines.}, journal = {Journal of Fluorine Chemistry}, volume = {134}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {115-121}, author = {N. DUPUY and A. PASC and E. MAYOT and S. COSGUN and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {1426, title = {Synthetic-resin-free wood panel adhesives from low molecular mass lignin and tannin}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod.}, volume = {69}, year = {2011}, chapter = {22}, author = {MANSOURI, H.R. and NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A. and TAPIN-LINGUA, S. and BENJELLOUN-MLAYAH, B. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {1417, title = {Utilization of thermodesorption coupled to GC-MS to study stability of different wood species to thermodegradation}, journal = {J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol}, volume = {92}, year = {2011}, chapter = {376-383}, author = {CANDELIER, K. and CHAOUCH, M. and DUMAR{\c C}AY, S. and PETRISSANS, A. and PETRISSANS, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1447, title = {Valuable antioxidant compounds from Prosopis juliflora.}, journal = {Journal of Tropical Forest Science.}, volume = {23(2)}, year = {2011}, author = {SIRMAH,P. and MBURU,F. and IAYCH,K and DUMAR{\c C}AY,S. and G{\'E}RARDIN,P.} } @article {718, title = {Valuable antioxidant compounds from Prosopis juliflora}, journal = {Journal of Tropical Forest Science}, volume = {23}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {187-195}, author = {SIRMAH, P. and MBURU, F. and IAYCH, K. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {773, title = {Accelerating vs. Constant rate of insertion in wood dowel welding}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1319-1328}, author = {AUCHET, S. and SEGOVIA, C. and MANSOURI, H.R. and MEAUSOONE, P.J. and PZZI, A. and OMRANI, P.} } @article {749, title = {Adhesive evaluation of some synthetic oligolignols. A molecular docking study.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1739-1751}, author = {MARTINEZ, C. and SEDANO, M. and MUNRO, A. and LOPEZ-ALBARRAN, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {774, title = {Application of numerical modelling to dowel-welded wood joints.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {359-370}, author = {OUDJENE, M. and KHELIFA, M. and SEGOVIA, C. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {770, title = {Bimodal cellular activated carbons derived from tannins}, journal = {J. Mater. Sci}, volume = {45}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {5778-5785}, author = {ZHAO, W. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {769, title = {Characterisation of Acacia mangium polyflavonoid tannins by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and CP-MAS 13C NMR}, journal = { Eur. Polymer J.}, volume = {46}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1268-1277}, author = {BENG-HOONG, Y. and PIZZI, A. and TAHIR, P.Md. and PASCH, H.} } @article {767, title = {Chemical activation of tannin derived carbon foams}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {31}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {327-334}, author = {TONDI, G. and PIZZI, A. and DELMOTTE, L. and PARMENTIER, J. and GADIOU, R.} } @article {738, title = {Colourless formaldehyde-free urea resin adhesives for wood panels}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod.}, volume = {68}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {13-17}, author = {DESPRES, A. and PIZZI, A. and VU, C. and DELMOTTE, L.} } @article {753, title = {Cornstarch-mimosa tannin urea-formaldehyde resins as adhesives in the particleboard production. }, journal = {Starch/St{\"a}rke}, volume = {62}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {131-138}, author = {MOUBARIK, A. and PIZZI, A. and ALLAL, A. and CHARRIER, F. and KHOUK, A. and CHARRIER, B.} } @article {741, title = {Decay resistance of wood treated with fluorinated waterproofing agents}, journal = {Holzforschung}, volume = {64}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {391-394}, author = {IAYCH, K. and PABON, M. and GERARDIN, C. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {752, title = {Development and optimisation of a new formaldehyde-free cornstarch and tannin adhesives. }, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {68}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {167-177}, author = {MOUBARIK, A. and CHARRIER, B. and ALLAL, A. and CHARRIER, F. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {757, title = {Differences between ?-Ala and Gly-Gly in the design of amino acids-based hydrogels}, journal = {Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry}, volume = {6}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {973-977}, author = {PASC, A. and OBOUNOU-AKONG, F. and COSGUN, S. and GERARDIN, C.} } @article {734, title = {Dilute Sulphuric Acid and Ethanol Organosolv Pretreatment of Miscanthus x Giganteus}, journal = {Cellulose Chemistry and Technology}, volume = {44}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {71-78}, author = {BROSSE, N. and ELHAGE, R. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {740, title = {Effect of Autohydrolysis of Miscanthus x giganteus on Lignin Structure and Organosolv Delignification.}, journal = { Bioressource Technology}, volume = {101}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {9321-9329}, author = {ELHAGE, R. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and DESHARNAIS, L. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {771, title = { Effect of composition and processing parameters on the characteristics of tannin-based rigid foams. Part 1: Cell structure.}, journal = {Materials Chem. \& Phys.}, volume = {122}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {175-182}, author = {ZHAO, W. and PIZZI, A. and FIERRO, V. and DU, G. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {772, title = {Effect of composition and processing parameters on the characteristics of tannin-based rigid foams. Part 2: Physical properties}, journal = {Materials Chem. \& Phys.}, volume = {123}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {210-217}, author = {ZHAO, W. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A. and DU, G. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {750, title = {Effect of extractives on conferred and natural durability of Cupressus lusitanica heartwood. }, journal = {Annals of Forest Sciences}, volume = {67}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {504}, author = {MOHAREB, A. and SIRMAH, P. and DESHARNAIS, L. and DUMARCAY, S. and PETRISSANS, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {764, title = {Effect of layers relative moisture content on the IB strength of pine tannin bonded particleboard}, journal = { Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {68}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {355-357}, author = {SEDANO-MENDOZA, M. and NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {739, title = {Effect of the Severity of the Ethanol Organosolv Process on the Chemical Structure of Ethanol Organosolv Miscanthus Lignins}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {95}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {997-1003}, author = {EL HAGE, R. and BROSSE, N. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAUGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {751, title = { Effects of monoglycerides on leachability and efficacy of boron wood preservatives against decay and termites}, journal = {International Biodeterioration \& Biodegradation}, volume = {64}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {135-138}, author = {MOHAREB, A. and THEVENON, M.F. and WOZNIAK, E. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {747, title = {End-grain butt joints obtained by friction welding of high density eucalyptus wood}, journal = {Wood Sci. Technol.}, volume = {44}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {399-406}, author = {MANSOURI, M. and LEBAN, J.M. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {760, title = {Formaldehyde-free dimethoxyethanal-derived resins for wood based panels.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1787-1799}, author = {PROPERZI, M. and WIELAND, S. and PICHELIN, F. and PIZZI, A. and DESPRES, A.} } @article {745, title = {Gluten protein adhesives for wood panels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1583-1596}, author = {LEI, H. and PIZZI, A. and NAVARRETE, P. and RIGOLET, S. and REDL, A. and WAGNER, A.} } @article {748, title = {High Density Panels by Wood Veneers Welding without any Adhesives}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1529-1534}, author = {MANSOURI, M. and LEBAN, J.M. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {761, title = {Impact of corona treated hemp fibre onto mechanical properties of polypropylene composites made thereof. }, journal = {Industrial Crops and products}, volume = {31}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {344-349}, author = {RAGOUBI, M. and BIENAIME, D. and MOLINA, S. and GEORGE, B. and MERLIN, A.} } @article {756, title = {Influence of grain direction and preheating on linear wood welding}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {68}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {113-114}, author = {OMRANI, P. and MANSOURI, H.R. and PIZZI, A. and MASSON, E.} } @article {744, title = {Influence of nanoclay on phenol-formaldehyde and phenol-urea-formaldehyde resins for wood adhesives}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1567-1576}, author = {LEI, H. and DU, G. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A. and FANG, Q.} } @article {733, title = {Investigations of chemical modifications of Beech Wood Lignin during heat treatment}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {95}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1721-1726}, author = {BROSSE, N. and EL HAGE, R. and CHAOUCH, M. and PETRISSANS, M. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {755, title = {MALDI-TOF and 13C NMR characterisation of maritime pine industrial tannin extract}, journal = { Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {32}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {105-110}, author = {NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and RODE, K. and DELMOTTE, L.} } @article {735, title = {Mechanical properties of tannin-based rigid foams undergoing compression}, journal = {Materials Science and Engineering A}, volume = {A527}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {4438-4446}, author = {CELZARD, A. and ZHAO, W. and PIZZI, A. and FIERRO, V.} } @article {758, title = {Melamine-formaldehyde resins without urea for wood panels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1415-1422}, author = {PENDLEBURY, E. and LEI, H. and ANTOINE, M.L. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {775, title = {Modeling of transient mass transfer of a gaseous component in a isothermal porous adsorbent}, journal = {Maderas: Ciencia y Technologia}, volume = {12}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {115-125}, author = {PETRISSANS, A. and OUARTASSI, B. and ZOULALIAN, A. and PETRISSANS, M.} } @article {759, title = {Modification of grape seed and wood tannins to lipophilic antioxidant derivatives.}, journal = {Industrial Crops and Products}, volume = {31}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {509-515}, author = {POATY, B. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P. and PERRIN, D.} } @article {768, title = {Moisture properties of Scots pine joints induced by linear wood welding}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1519-1527}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A. and MANSOURI, H.R.} } @article {763, title = {Natural lignans adhesion to cellulose: computational vs experimental results}, journal = { J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1769-1786}, author = {SEDANO-MENDOZA, M. and LOPEZ-ALBARRAN, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {743, title = {On the performance of a melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin for decorative paper coatings}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod.}, volume = {68}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {63-75}, author = {KANDELBAUER, A. and PETEK, P. and MEDVED, S. and PIZZI, A. and TEISCHINGER, A.} } @article {746, title = {Physicochemical characterisation of sugar cane bagasse lignin oxidized by hydrogen peroxide}, journal = {Polym. Degrad \& Stab.}, volume = {95}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {470-476}, author = {MANCERA, A. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P. and VELAZQUEZ, J. and QUINTANA, G. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {765, title = {Prediction of decay resistance of heat treated wood on the basis of its elemental composition. }, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {95}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {94-97}, author = {SUSTERSIC, Z. and MOHAREB, A., and CHAOUCH, M. and PETRISSANS, M. and PETRIC, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {737, title = {Proton conductivity properties of acid doped fluoroalkylated 1,2,3-triazole.}, journal = {Journal of Fluorine Chemistry}, volume = {131}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {776-779}, author = {COSGUN, S. and {\c C}ELIK, S.{\"U}. and {\"O}ZDEN, S. and T{\"U}YS{\"U}Z, S. and BOZKURT, A. and GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER, C.} } @article {766, title = {Reaction mechanism of hydroxymethylated resorcinol adhesion enhancer with polyurethane adhesives in wood bonding}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1577-1582}, author = {PIZZI, A. and SZCZUREL, A. and DELMOTTE, L. and CERLZARD, A.} } @article {742, title = {Regulation of adhesion behavior of murine macrophage using supported lipid membranes displaying tunable mannose domains.}, journal = {Journal of Physics Condensed Matter}, volume = {22}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, author = {KAINDL, T. and OELKE, J. and PASC, A. and KAUFMANN, S. and KONOVALOV, O.V. and FUNARI, S.S. and ENGEL, U. and TANAKA, M.} } @article {776, title = {Shrink-Fitting and Dowel Welding in Mortise and Tenon Structural Wood Joints}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {25}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {213-221}, author = {MOUGEL, E. and SEGOVIA, C. and PIZZI, A. and THOMAS A.} } @article {762, title = {Structure and electrochemical capacitance of carbon cryogels derived from phenol-formaldehyde resins. }, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {48}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {3874-3883}, author = {SZCZUREK, A. and JUREWICZ, K. and AMARAL-LABAT, G. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {754, title = {Synthetic-resin-free wood panel adhesives from low molecular mass lignin and tannin}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1597-1610}, author = {NAVARETE, P. and MANSOURI, H.R. and PIZZI, A. and TAPIN-LINGUA, S. and BENJELLOUN-MLAYAH, B. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {736, title = {Utilization of wood elemental composition to predict heat treatment intensity and decay resistance of different softwood and hardwood species}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {95}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {2255-2259}, author = {CHAOUCH, M. and PETRISSANS, M. and PETRISSANS, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {846, title = {1,1,3-Trichloro-1H-isoindole as a versatile reagent in the N{\textquoteright},N{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}-1H-isoindole-1,3-diylidenedicarbohydrazide synthesis}, journal = {Tetrahedron}, volume = {65}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {6218-6225}, author = {HORDIYENKO, O.V. and RUDENKO, I.V. and BIITSEVA, A.V. and TUROV, A.V. and ARRAULT, A. and BROSSE, N. and FABRE, O. and JAMART-GREGOIRE, B. and ZUBATYUK, R.I. and SHISHKIN, O.V.} } @article {887, title = {Activated carbon prepared from wood particleboard wastes : characterization and phenol adsorption capacities}, journal = {Journal of Hazardous materials}, volume = {166}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {491-501}, author = {GIRODS, P. and DUFOUR, A. and FIERRO, V. and ROGAUME, Y. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {839, title = {Biological properties of an OSB eco-product manufactured from a mixture of durable and non-durable species and natural resins}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {67}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {439-448}, author = {AMUSANT, N. and ARNOULD, O. and PIZZI, A. and DESPRES, A. and BARDET, S. and MANSOURI, H.R. and BAUDASSE, C.} } @article {861, title = {Characterization and performance of Rhizophora apiculata mangrove polyflavonoid tannins in the adsorption of copper (II) and lead (II)}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {30}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {152-161}, author = {OO, C.W. and KASSIM, M.J. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {843, title = {Characterization of milled wood lignin and ethanol organosolv lignin from Miscanthus}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {94}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1632-1638}, author = {ELHAGE, R. and BROSSE, N. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and SANCHEZ, C. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {862, title = {Comparative properties of agrofiber based particle boards using newly developed bonding materials}, journal = {J. Biobased Materials \& Bioenergy}, volume = {3}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1-7}, author = {OSMAN, Z. and PIZZI, A. and ALAMIN, I.H.} } @article {888, title = {Comparison of gasification and pyrolysis of thermal pre-treated wood board waste}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {85}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {171-183}, author = {GIRODS, P. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, Y. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {854, title = {Cornstarch and tannin in phenol-formaldehyde resins for plywood production}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {30}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {188-193}, author = {MOUBARIK, A. and PIZZI, A. and ALLAL, A. and CHARRIER, F. and CHARRIER, B.} } @article {889, title = {Diagnostic environnemental du chauffage au bois dans les appareils ind{\'e}pendants}, journal = {Pollution atmosph{\'e}rique}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {135-154}, author = {ROGAUME, C. and ROGAUME, Y. and ZOULALIAN, A. and TROUVE, G.} } @article {848, title = {Effect of heat treatment on extracellular enzymatic activities involved in beech wood degradation by Trametes versicolor.}, journal = {Wood Sciences and Technology}, volume = {43}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {331-341}, author = {LEKOUNOUGOU, S. and PETRISSANS, M. and JACQUOT, J.P. and GELHAYE, E. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {885, title = {Effect of micropores diffusion on kinetics of CH4 decomposition over a wood-derived carbon catalyst}, journal = {Applied Catalysis A: General}, volume = {360}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {120-125}, author = {DUFOUR, A. and CELZARD, A. and OUARTASSI, B. and BROUST, F. and FIERRO, V. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {893, title = {Elasto-plastic constitutive law for wood behaviour under compressive loadings}, journal = {Construction and Building Materials}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {3359-3366}, author = {OUDJENE, M. and KHELIFA, M.} } @article {855, title = {Elemental composition of wood as a potential marker to evaluate heat treatment intensity}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {94}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {365-368}, author = {NGUILA-INARI, G. and PETRISSANS, M. and PETRISSANS, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {859, title = {Emission gasses in linear vibration welding of wood. }, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {85-94}, author = {OMRANI, P. and MASSON, E. and PIZZI, A. and MANSOURI, H.R.} } @article {873, title = {Erratum to "Tannin-based carbon foams"}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {47}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {2761}, author = {TONDI, G. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {853, title = {Evaluation of decay resistance of composites made from borax-impregnated wood and bonded with a formaldehyde-free cornstarch and tannin adhesive}, journal = {Annals of Forest Science}, volume = {66}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {109}, author = {MOUBARIK, A. and CHARRIER, F. and CHARRIER, B., and PIZZI, A. and ALLAL, A.} } @article {894, title = {Finite element modelling of wooden structures at large deformations and brittle failure prediction}, journal = {Materials \& Design}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {4081-4087}, author = {OUDJENE, M. and KHELIFA, M.} } @article {856, title = {Fracture mechanics of linear welded wood: effect of wood species and grain orientation}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {2057-2072}, author = {OMRANI, P. and MANSOURI, H.R. and DUCHANOIS, G. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {871, title = {High performance tannin resin-Boron wood preservatives for outdoor end-uses}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {67}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {89-93}, author = {THEVENON, M.F. and TONDI, G. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {865, title = {High resin content natural matrix-natural fibre biocomposites}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {30}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {235-240}, author = {PIZZI, A. and KUENY, R. and LECOANET, F. and MASSETAU, B. and CARPENTIER, D. and KREBS, A. and LOISEAU, F. and MOLINA, S. and RAGOUBI, M.} } @article {852, title = {Honeymoon fast-set adhesives for glulam/fingerjoints of higher natural materials content.}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {67}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {207-210}, author = {MANSOURI, H.R. and PIZZI, A. and FREDON, E.} } @article {851, title = {Improving the water resistance of linear vibration-welded wood joints.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {63-70}, author = {MANSOURI, H.R. and OMRANI, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {838, title = {Influence of heat treatment on antioxidant properties and colour stability of beech and spruce wood and their extractives}, journal = {Wood science and technology}, volume = {43}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {69-83}, author = {AHAJI, A. and DIOUF, P.N. and ALOUI, F. and ELBAKALI, I. and PERRIN, D. and MERLIN, A. and GEORGE, B.} } @article {842, title = {Influence of wood welding frequency on wood constituents chemical modifications}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1271-1279}, author = {DELMOTTE, L. and MANSOURI, H.R. and OMRANI, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {881, title = {Introducing an overall mass-transfer coefficient for prediction of drying curves at low-temperature drying rates.}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {43}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {43-56}, author = {ANANIAS, R. and MOUGEL, E. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {890, title = {La combustion du bois et de la biomasse}, journal = {Pollution atmosph{\'e}rique}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {65-82}, author = {ROGAUME, Y.} } @article {895, title = {Lactic acid/wood-based composite material. Part 1 : synthesis and characterization}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {100}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {4711-4716}, author = {NOEL, M. and FREDON, E. and MOUGEL, E. and MASSON, D. and MASSON, E. and DELMOTTE, L.} } @article {896, title = {Lactic acid/wood-based composite material. Part 2 : physical and mechanical performance}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {100}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {4717-4722}, author = {NOEL, M. and MOUGEL, E. and FREDON, E. and MASSON, D. and MASSON, E.} } @article {857, title = {Linear welding of grooved wood surfaces.}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {67}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {479-481}, author = {OMRANI, P. and MANSOURI, H.R. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {886, title = { Mechanisms and kinetics of methane thermal conversion in a syngas}, journal = {Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research}, volume = {48}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {6564-6572}, author = {DUFOUR, A. and VALIN, S. and CASTELLI, P. and THIERY, S. and BOISSONNET, G. and ZOULALIAN, A. and GLAUDE, P.A.} } @article {875, title = {Metal adsorption of tannin-based rigid foams}, journal = {Industrial Crops \& Products}, volume = {29}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {336-340}, author = {TONDI, G. and OO, C.W. and PIZZI, A. and TROSA, A. and THEVENON, M.F.} } @article {863, title = {Microscopic and macroscopic anisotropy in molecular hydrogels of histidine-based surfactants}, journal = {Tetrahedron Letters}, volume = {50}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {6183-6186}, author = {PASC, A. and GIZZI, P. and DUPUY, N. and PARANT, S. and GHANBADJA, J. and GERARDIN, C.} } @article {882, title = {Modelling of a solar wood dryer with glazed walls}, journal = {Maderas: Ciencia y Technologie}, volume = {11}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {191-205}, author = {BEKKIOU, N. and ZOULALIAN, A. and KAKAM, A. and BENTAYEB, F. and SESBOU, A.} } @article {845, title = {Molecular tailored Histidine-based complexing surfactants : from micelles to hydrogels.}, journal = {European Journal of Organic Chemistry}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {3953-3963}, author = {GIZZI, P. and PASC, A. and DUPUY, N. and PARANT, S. and HENRY, B. and GERARDIN, C.} } @article {867, title = {New lipophilic catechin derivatives by oxa-Pictet-Spengler reaction}, journal = {European Food Research and Technology}, volume = {230}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {111-117}, author = {POATY, B. and DUMARCAY, S. and PERRIN, D.} } @article {883, title = {Numerical analysis of filmwise condensation in a plate fin-and-tube heat exchanger in presence of non-condensable gas}, journal = {Heat and Mass Journal}, volume = {45}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1561-1573}, author = {BENELMIR, R. and MOKRAOUI, S. and SOUAYED, A.} } @article {868, title = {Performance of dowel-welded T-joints for wood furniture}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {2073-2084}, author = {SEGOVIA, C. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {869, title = {Performance of dowel-welded wood furniture linear joints.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1293-1301}, author = {SEGOVIA, C. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {860, title = {Physico-chemical causes of the extent of water resistance of linearly welded wood joints.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {827-837}, author = {OMRANI, P. and PIZZI, A. and MANSOURI, H. and LEBAN, J.M. and DELMOTTE, L.} } @article {864, title = {Polyflavonoid tannins self-condensation adhesives for wood particleboard}, journal = {J. Adhesion}, volume = {85}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {57-68}, author = {PIZZI, A.} } @article {866, title = {Polymer structure of commercial hydrolisable tannins by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {113}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {3847-3859}, author = {PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and RODE, K. and GIOVANDO, S.} } @article {880, title = { A practical approach for medelling and control of biomass pyrolysis pilot plant with heat recovery from combustion of pyrolysis products}, journal = {Fuel Processing Technology}, volume = {90}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1278-1285}, author = {ABBASSI, M.A. and GRIOUI, N. and HALOUANI, K. and ZOULALIAN, A. and ZEGHMATI, B.} } @article {841, title = {Pretreatment of Miscanthus x giganteus using the ethanol organosolv process for ethanol production.}, journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research}, volume = {48}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {8328-8334}, author = {BROSSE, N. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {840, title = {Properties of new cationic amphiphilic polymers in hydro-alcoholic media}, journal = {Polymer International}, volume = {58}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1390-1400}, author = {BEZZAOUCHA, F. and LOCHON, P. and JONCQUIERE, A. and AINAD-TABET, D. and BREMBILLA, A. and FISCHER, A.} } @article {892, title = {Shape optimization of clinching tools using the response surface methodology with Moving Least-Square approximation.}, journal = {Journal of Materials Processing Technology}, volume = {109}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {289-296}, author = {OUDJENE, M. and BEN-AYED, L. and DELAMEZIERE, A. and BATOZ, J.L.} } @article {847, title = {Study of the polymerization of acrylic resins by photocalorimetry: interactions between UV initiators and absorbers.}, journal = {Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry}, volume = {96}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {911-916}, author = {IRMOULI, Y. and GEORGE, B. and MERLIN, A.} } @article {884, title = {Synthesis gas production by biomass pyrolysis : effect of reactor temperature on product distribution}, journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy}, volume = {34}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1726-1734}, author = {DUFOUR, A. and GIRODS, P. and MASSON, E. and ROGAUME, Y. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {844, title = {Synthetic tannins structure by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {114}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1339-1347}, author = {GIOVANDO, S. and PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and RODE, K.} } @article {876, title = { Tannin based rigid foams: characterisation and modification}, journal = { Industrial Crops \& Products}, volume = {29}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {356-363}, author = {TONDI, G. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {874, title = {Tannin-based carbon foams}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {47}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1480-1492}, author = {TONDI, G. and FIERRO, V.F. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {877, title = {Tannin-based rigid foams: a survey of chemical and physical properties}, journal = {Bioresource Techn.}, volume = {100}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {5162-5169}, author = {TONDI, G. and ZHAO, W. and PIZZI, A. and FIERRO, V. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {891, title = {Technical note : Equilibrium moisture content of Norway spruce at low pressure}, journal = {Wood and Fiber Sciences}, volume = {41}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {325-328}, author = {ZOULALIAN, A. and CHEN, Z. and MOUGEL, E. and PERRE, P. and YOUGS, R.L.} } @article {870, title = {Unusual amount of (-)-mesquitol from the heartwood of Prosopis juliflora}, journal = {Natural Product Research}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {183-189}, author = {SIRMAH, P. and DUMARCAY, S. and MASSON, E. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {858, title = {Wood and grain linear welding: influence of wood grain direction on linear welding.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {2047-2055}, author = {OMRANI, P. and MANSOURI, H.R. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {849, title = {Wood preservation by a mixed anhydride treatment {\textendash} A 13C NMR investigation on simple models of polymeric wood constituents.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {112}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {44-51}, author = {LYON, F. and THEVENON, M.F. and PIZZI, A. and TONDI, G. and DESPRES, A. and GRIL, J. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {850, title = {Wood preservation by a mixed anhydride treatment {\textendash} A 13C NMR investigation on simple models of polymeric wood constituents.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {112}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {44-51}, author = {LYON, F. and THEVENON, M.F. and PIZZI, A. and TONDI, G.} } @article {872, title = {X-ray microtomography studies of tanninderived organic and carbon foams}, journal = {Microscopy \& Microanalysis}, volume = {15}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {395-402}, author = {TONDI, G. and BLACHER, S. and LEONARD, A. and PIZZI, A. and FIERRO, V. and LEBAN, J.M. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {931, title = {Analysis of gasses emitted during carbonization degradation of polyflavonoid tannin/furanic rigid foams.}, journal = {Polymer Degrad. \& Stabil.}, volume = {93}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {1539-1543}, author = {TONDI, G. and PIZZI, A. and MASSON, E. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {924, title = {Bonding performance of heat-treated wood with structural adhesives}, journal = {Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff}, volume = {66}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {173-180}, author = {{\v S}ERNEK, M. and BOONSTRA, M. and PIZZI, A. and DESPRES, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {935, title = {Catalytic decomposiition of methane over a wood char concurrently activated by a pyrolysis gas}, journal = {Applied Catalysis: General}, volume = {346}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {164-173}, author = {DUFOUR, A. and CELZARD, C. and FIERRO, V. and MARTIN, E. and BROUST, F. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {901, title = {CP-MAS 13C NMR and FTIR investigation of the degradation reactions of polymer constituents in wood welding}, journal = {Polymer Degrad. \& Stabil.}, volume = {93}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {406-412}, author = {DELMOTTE, L. and GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and LEBAN, J.M. and PIZZI, A. and PICHELIN, F.} } @article {912, title = {Dependence of dowel welding from rotation rate}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {66}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {241-242}, author = {LEAN, J.M. and MANSOURI, HR. and OMRANI, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {904, title = {Di-tert-butyl 2-benzoylhydrazine-1,1-dicarboxylate}, journal = {Acta Crystallographica, Section E}, volume = {E64}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {O205-U4371}, author = {DIDIERJEAN,C and BROSSE,N and BODIGUEL,J and JAMART-GREGOIRE,B} } @article {943, title = {Effect of chemical modifications caused by heat treatment on mechanical properties of Grevillea robusta wood}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {93}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {401-405}, author = {MBURU, F. and DUMARCAY, S. and BOCQUET, J.F. and PETRISSANS, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {915, title = {Effects of propiconazole on extra-cellular enzymes involved in nutrient mobilization during Trametes versicolor wood colonization}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {49}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {162-177}, author = {LEKOUNOUGOU, S. and JACQUOT, J.P. and GERARDIN, P. and GELHAYE, E.} } @article {920, title = {Emission gasses and degradation volatiles from polymeric wood constituents in wood dowels friction welding}, journal = {Polymer Degrad. \& Stabil.}, volume = {93}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {794-799}, author = {OMRANI, P. and MASSON, E. and PIZZI, A. and MANSOURI, H.R.} } @article {914, title = {Environment-friendly, mixed tannin/lignin wood resins}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {107}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {203-209}, author = {LEI, H. and PIZZI, A. and DU, G.} } @article {897, title = {Environment-friendly soy flour-based resins without formaldehyde}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {108}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {624-632}, author = {AMARAL-LABAT, G.A. and PIZZI, A. and GONCALVES, A.R. and CELZARD, A. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {917, title = {F-Amphiphilic 1,2,3-triazoles by unexpected intramolecular cyclisation of vinylazide}, journal = {European Journal of Organic Chemistry}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {2232-2239}, author = {MAYOT, E. and LEMIERE, P. and GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER, C.} } @article {898, title = {Flocculation of cellulose fibre suspensions: the contribution of percolation and effective-medium theories}, journal = {Cellulose}, volume = {15}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {803-814}, author = {CELZARD, A. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {903, title = {Formaldehyde-free aminoresin wood adhesives based on dimethoxyethanal}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {110}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {3908-3916}, author = {DESPRES, A. and PIZZI, A. and VU, C. and PASCH, H.} } @article {913, title = {Influence of nanoclay on urea-formaldehyde resins for wood adhesives}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {109}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {2442-2451}, author = {LEI, H. and DU, G. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {922, title = {Influence of the gelator structure and solvent on the organisation and chirality of the self-assembling fibrillar networks}, journal = {New journal of Chemistry}, volume = {1}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {1-9}, author = {PHAM, Q.N. and BROSSE, N. and FROCHOT, C. and DUMAS, D. and HOCQUET, A. and JAMART-GREGOIRE, B.} } @article {916, title = {Initial stages of Fagus sylvatica wood colonization by the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor : enzymatic characterization}, journal = {International Biodeterioration \& Degradation}, volume = {61}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {287-293}, author = {LEKOUNOUGOU, S. and MOUNGUENGUI, S. and DUMARCAY, S. and ROSE, C. and COURTY, P.E. and GARBAYE, J. and GERARDIN, P. and JACQUOT, J.P. and GELHAYE, E.} } @article {938, title = {Low temperature pyrolysis of wood waste containing urea-formaldehyde resin}, journal = {Renewable energy}, volume = {33}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {648-654}, author = {GIRODS, P. and ROGAUME, Y. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {923, title = {MALDI-TOF Structure determination of complex thermoset networks {\textendash} Polyflavonoid tannin-furanic rigid foams}, journal = {J. Appl. 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Polymer Sci, part B : Physics}, volume = {46}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {971-978}, author = {CELZARD, A. and PIZZI, A. and FIERRO, V.} } @article {907, title = {Predicting the thermal behaviour of wood during linear welding using the finite element method}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {22}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {1209-1221}, author = {GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and DUCHANOIS, G. and PIZZI, A. and LEBAN, J.M. and PICHELIN, F.} } @article {936, title = {Pyrolysis of wood waste containing urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {1}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {113-120}, author = {GIRODS, P. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, Y. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {906, title = {Solid phase synthesis of N-aminodipeptides in high optical purity}, journal = {Tetrahedron Lett.}, volume = {49}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {156-158}, author = {FELTEN, A.S. and VANDERESSE, R. and BROSSE, N. and DIDIERJEAN, C. and JAMART-GREGOIRE, B.} } @article {933, title = {Structure degradation, conservation and rearrangement in the carbonization of polyflavonoid tannin/furanic rigid foams {\textendash} a MALDI {\textendash} TOF investigation}, journal = {Polymer Degrad. \& Stabil.}, volume = {93}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {968-975}, author = {TONDI, G. and PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {910, title = {Study of the polymerization of acrylic resins by photocalorimetry: influence of intiators and irradiation wavelength}, journal = {Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry}, volume = {91}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {675-680}, author = {IRMOULI, Y. and GEORGE, B. and MERLIN, A.} } @article {921, title = {Study on the structure of mangrove polyflavonoid tannins with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.}, journal = {J. 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Aspects}, volume = {317}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {431-437}, author = {TONDRE, C. and PARANT, S. and LEMIERE, P. and GERARDIN, C.} } @article {945, title = {Viscoelastic properties of green wood across the grain measured under water-saturated conditions up to 135{\textdegree}C: Evidence of thermal degradation}, journal = { Journal of Materials Science}, volume = {43}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {3210-3217}, author = {PLACET, V. and PASSARD, J. and PERRE, P.} } @article {944, title = {WAVET, a custom device able to measure viscoelastic properties of wood under water-saturated conditions}, journal = {Maderas: Ciencia y Technologia}, volume = {10}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {45-60}, author = {PLACET, V. and PASSARD, J. and PERRE, P.} } @article {918, title = {Weather exposure durability of welded dowel joints}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {66}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {161-162}, author = {OMRANI, P. and MANSOURI, H.R. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {908, title = {Wood welded connections: Energy release rate measurement}, journal = {J. 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Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {1633-1643}, author = {TONDI, G. and ANDREWS, S. and PIZZI, A. and LEBAN, J.M.} } @article {970, title = {A comparison of two methods of measuring wood pyrolysis tars}, journal = {Journal of Chromatography A}, volume = {1164}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {240-247}, author = {DUFOUR, A. and GIRODS, P. and MASSON, E. and NORMAND, S. and ROGAUME, Y. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {951, title = {Di-ter-butyl 2-benzoyl-hydrazine-1,1-dicarboxylate}, journal = {Acta Crystallographica, Section E}, volume = {64}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {205}, author = {DIDIERJEAN, C. and BROSSE, N. and BODIGUEL, J. and JAMART-GREGOIRE, B.} } @article {954, title = {Edge and face linear vibration welding of wood panels}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {65}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {83-85}, author = {GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and PROPERZI, M. and PIZZI, A. and LEBAN, J.M. and PICHELIN, F.} } @article {958, title = {Effect of an oil heat treatment on leachability and biological resistance of boric acid impregnated wood}, journal = {Ann. 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Food Chem.}, volume = {55}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {9496-9502}, author = {CHEBIL, L. and ANTHONI, J. and HUMEAU, C. and GERARDIN, C. and ENGASSER, J.M. and GHOUL, M.} } @article {979, title = {Esfuerzos de corte y rugosidad surperficial en el fresado de pino radiate y su relacion con emision acustica}, journal = {Maderas, Ciencias y tecnologia}, volume = {9}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {161-169}, author = {VEGA, M. and AGUILERA, A. and MEAUSOONE, P-J.} } @article {962, title = {Evaluation of thermally modified Grevillea robusta heartwood as an alternative to shortage of wood resource in Kenya : characterisation of physicochemical properties and improvement of bio-resistance}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {98}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {3478-3486}, author = {MBURU, F. and DUMARCAY, S. and HUBER, F. and PETRISSANS, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {964, title = {Evidence of char formation during heat treatment by mild pyrolysis}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {92}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {997-1002}, author = {NGUILA-INARI, G. and MOUNGUENGUI, S. and DUMARCAY, S. and PETRISSANS, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {961, title = {Evidence of fungicidal and termicidal properties of Prunus africana heartwood extractives}, journal = {Holzforschung}, volume = {61}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {323-325}, author = {MBURU, F. and DUMARCAY, S. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {955, title = {Evolution of wood surface free energy after heat treatment}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {92}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {653-657}, author = {GERARDIN, P. and PETRIC, M. and PETRISSANS, M. and LAMBERT, J. and EHRHRARDT, J.J.} } @article {971, title = {Experimental study of thermal effect on olive wood porous structure during carbonization}, journal = {Maderas: Ciencia y Technologia}, volume = {9}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {15-28}, author = {GRIOUI, N. and HALOUANI, K. and ZOULALIAN, A. and HALOUANI, F.} } @article {960, title = {Fluorinated polyether additives to improve performance of UF adhesives for wood panels}, journal = {J. 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Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {97-108}, author = {ZOULALIAN, A. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {980, title = {Wood joints and laminated wood beams assembled by mechanically welded wood dowels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {301-317}, author = {BOCQUET, J.F. and PIZZI, A. and DESPRES, A. and MANSOURI, H.R. and RESCH, L. and MICHEL, D. and LETORT, F.} } @article {982, title = {Zig-zag rotational dowel welding for exterior wood joints}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {923-933}, author = {OMRANI,P. and BOCQUET, J.F. and PIZZI,A. and LEBAN, J.M. and MANSOURI,H.R.} } @article {1428, title = {Condensed tannin reactivity inhibition by internal rearrangements: Detection by CP-MAS 13C NMR, }, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, volume = {13}, chapter = {59-68}, author = {NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A. and BERTAUD, F and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {1427, title = {Effects of polyvinyl alcohol on leachability and efficacy of boron wood preservatives against fungal decay and termites attack}, journal = {Wood Sci. Technol}, volume = { 45}, chapter = { 407-417}, author = {MOHAREB, A., and THEVENON, M.F. and WOZNIAK, E. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1425, title = {. Extraction of polyphenolics from lignocellulosic materials and agricultural byproducts for the conception of resin for wood adhesives}, journal = {J. 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Technol.}, volume = { 27}, month = {2012}, pages = {18-19}, author = {PIZZI,A and PASCH,H and CELZARD,A and SZCZUREK,A} } @article {1416, title = {Wood block board fabricated by rotational dowel welding}, journal = {Adh. Sci. Technol}, volume = {25}, chapter = {2745-2753 }, author = {BELLEVILLE, B. and SEGOVIA, C. and PIZZI, A. and STEVANOVIC, T. and CLOUTIER, A.} }