@article {1867,
	title = { Beech wood treated with polyglycerol succinate: a new effective method for its protection and stabilization },
	journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG },
	volume = {74},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {351-361},
	abstract = {<p>This paper deals with an original and non-biocidal chemical treatment consisting of a vacuum/pressure impregnation step of beech wood with a water-borne mixture made from heat-activated condensation of succinic anhydride (SA) and glycerol (G). Chemical structures of adducts were established using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF) investigations. Beech wood was impregnated and cured in order to induce in situ polymerization of glycerol/succinic adducts (GSA) in the cell walls, leading to the formation of polyglycerol succinate (PGS) polyester. Various treatment conditions were investigated depending on the duration (6-72 h) and curing temperature (103-160 degrees C). Weight percent gains (WPGs) ranging between 40 and 60\% were obtained. Attenuated total reflectance-middle infrared spectroscopy (ATR-MIR) and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C-13-NMR) spectroscopy confirmed polyester formation. A curing temperature of 160 degrees C was found to be the best condition to totally avoid polymer leaching, and brought the anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) up to 64\%. Decay resistance of PGS-treated wood against Trametes versicolor and Coniophora puteana was also strongly temperature and time dependent: performances fit with the EN113 standard requirements if a curing temperature of 160 degrees C was applied.</p>},
	author = {C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and E. FREDON and M.F. THEVENON and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and P. GERARDIN}
}
@article {1745,
	title = { Improvement of beech wood properties by in situ formation of polyesters of citric and tartaric acid in combination with glycerol },
	journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG },
	volume = {72},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {291-299},
	abstract = {<p>Beech wood has been treated by impregnation followed by heating at various temperatures with solutions containing citric acid (CA) or tartaric acid (TA) alone or in combination with glycerol (G), i.e. with G+CA and G+TA. The resulting modified woods were tested in terms of resistance to leaching, durability and dimensional stability. These properties are improved as a function of heating temperature, which leads to higher levels of poly-esterification involving grafting onto wood simultaneously with thermal degradation of wood. Dimensional stability of all treated wood was increased, but glycerol does not have a positive effect with this regard. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy contributed to understanding the effects of the different treatments. In situ polymerization of G+TA at 140 degrees C increased the bending resistance, while G+CA polymerization does not compensate notably the mechanical weakness induced by thermal degradation of wood at higher temperatures. However, G+CA treatment is more efficient regarding leaching and decay resistance, than that with G+TA.</p>},
	author = {C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and M.F. THEVENON and E. FREDON and P. GERARDIN}
}
