@article {1875, title = { Hydrothermal conversion of wood, organosolv, and chlorite pulps }, journal = { BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY }, volume = {10}, year = {2020}, pages = {1-13}, abstract = {

In this work, beech wood has been submitted to fractionation and hydrothermal liquefaction in order to produce fermentable carbohydrates. Fractionation either by ethanol organosolv or by sodium chlorite/acetic acid (SC/AA) treatment allowed obtaining delignification yields of 50 and 91 wt.\% respectively. The recovered pulps were then submitted to liquefaction in hot-compressed water (HCW). Three temperatures were studied: 180, 200, and 220 degrees C during 2 h. The same experiments were conducted on untreated beech and model cellulose (Avicel PH-101). Product yields and total carbohydrates were determined. The liquefaction products, i.e., solid residue, water-soluble compounds, and permanent gas, were analyzed respectively by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD), and gas chromatography (GC). SC/AA treatment allowed a high recovery of hemicelluloses and for this reason, xylose content was significantly higher than for the organosolv pulp. The maximum yields of total carbohydrates (based on the initial carbohydrates in wood), found when the liquefaction temperature was 220 degrees C, increased from 9.0 wt.\% for the raw beech to 13.5 and 33.7 wt.\% for the organosolv and SC/AA pulps respectively.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02125963}, author = {F. BUENDIA-KANDIA and N. BROSSE and D. PETITJEAN and G. MAUVIEL and E. RONDAGS and E. GUEDON and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1863, title = { Magnetohydrodynamic natural convection of hybrid nanofluid in a porous enclosure: numerical analysis of the entropy generation }, journal = { JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY }, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The effect on the entropy production and MHD convection of the hybrid nanofluid Al2O3-Cu/water (water with Cu and Al2O3 nanoparticles) in a porous square enclosure is studied numerically via Galerkin finite element method. The enclosure used for flow and natural convection analysis is subjected to sinusoidal varying temperatures at the boundaries. Calculations were performed for specific parameters of the Rayleigh number (Ra = 10(3)-10(6)), porosity ratio (epsilon = 0.1-0.9), Darcy number (Da = 10(-5)-10(-2)), Hartmann number (Ha = 0-100) and nanoparticles concentration (phi = 0-0.08). The numerical results are presented by velocity profiles, isotherms, streamlines, and Nusselt number. They indicate that the isotherms subject to estimation variations under Ha boost from 0 to 100 as Ra enhances. At high Ha, the conduction transfer mechanism is more obvious. Also, it is seen that the convective heat transfer becomes stronger with the enhancement of the Ra while it detracts with the rise in Ha. Due to the Ra increase, the flow cell becomes stronger. For Ra = 10(6) and higher Hartmann numbers, the isotherms remain constant which is an indication of convection predominance.

}, author = {Z. ABDEL-NOUR and A. AISSA and F. MEBAREK-OUDINA and A.M. RASHAD and H.M. ALI and M. SAHNOUN and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1862, title = { Numerical analysis and validation of a natural convection mix-mode solar dryer for drying red chilli under variable conditions }, journal = { RENEWABLE ENERGY }, volume = {151}, year = {2020}, pages = {659-673}, abstract = {

The objective of this paper is to model a natural convection mix-mode solar dryer (NCMMSD) for drying agricultural products in an environment with short sunshine duration. The solar dryer was used to dry red chilli and was operating under the climate of the coastal area of South Eastern Nigeria characterized by low solar radiation intensity with a short duration of sunshine hours. The model took into consideration the thermophysical properties of the drying air and dried red chilli. The simultaneous heat and mass transfer equations were solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutha method. The numerical solution allows for the determination of temperature and relative humidity of drying air at different points within the dryer as well as the moisture profile of the dried product. The experimental values of moisture ratios, temperature, and relative humidity during the mix-mode solar drying process with and without NaCl were used to validate the proposed model. Numerical simulation results were in close agreement with experimental results. The present model can serve as good reference bases to explain the drying phenomenon of mix-mode solar drying of other agricultural products when necessary thermophysical properties of these products are known. Using this model, the potential of mitigating gross fossil (coal) CO2 in Africa is annually estimated to 1280148 tons of CO2.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521198/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and M.C. NDUKWU and A. ZOULALIAN and L. BENNAMOUN and F. KIFANI-SAHBAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1881, title = { Numerical study of the melting and resolidification of the substrate during the impact of a ceramic droplet in a plasma spraying process star }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {88}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The substrate melting can significantly improve the properties of plasma spray coatings. Indeed the adhesion of the projected particles to the substrate can be ameliorated by the substrate melting. In this article, a numerical model is developed to study the dynamics of fluids and heat transfer with liquid/solid phase change during impact of a fully melted alumina particle on an aluminum solid substrate, taking into account of the substrate melting. The model is based on solving the Navier-Stokes and energy equations with liquid / solid phase change. These equations are coupled with the fluid of volume method (VOF), to follow the free surface of the particle during its spreading and solidification. The finite volume method is used to discretize the equations in a 2D axisymmetric domain. A comparison with the published experimental results was carried out to validate this numerical model. Simulations were performed for different initial droplet diameters to study its effect on droplet spreading as well as on substrate melting. It has been observed that the substrate melting begins before the droplet spreads completely; the substrate melting reaches its maximum when the droplet is close to its total solidification. Droplet spreading and substrate melting are more important for large sizes droplets.

}, author = {M. DRIOUCHE and T. REZOUG and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1883, title = { Some flow patterns within ventilation strategy coupled to energy efficiency }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {88}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Energy and buildings are increasingly becoming subjects for investigations, especially for the indoor air quality domain coupled to energy demand. The physics of fluids flowing inside enclosures bring basic models to understand and build better schemes. This paper is devoted to studying ventilation strategies in regards to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and energy efficiency in floor refreshing houses. A room model is considered in a simplified level, as a cavity heated on the external sidewall and cooled on the bottom ground surface. The external air injector is at variable positions and interacting with the needed cooling power; the air quality (mixing ability) and thermal comfort are also studied. The cooling efficiency inside the considered volume and the average air temperature are analyzed for a given temperature difference characterizing the natural convection level (Rayleigh number, Ra = 10(6)) and a horizontal ventilation (moderate Reynolds number Re = 10(2)). An obtained complex flow structure indicates that the natural convection and the forced flow (ventilation) act directly on the resulting patterns, mixing ability, heat exchange which in a straight line affect the thermal comfort and in fine the energy cost (cooling requirement).

}, author = {S. MORSLI and R. BENNACER and M. EL-GANAOUI and H. RAMENAH and A. CARMASOL} } @article {1845, title = { Towards experimental and numerical assessment of the vibrational serviceability comfort of adhesive free laminated timber beams and CLT panels assembled using compressed wood dowels }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {216}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations on the vibrational serviceability performance of novel adhesive free engineered wood products (AFEWPs), namely adhesive free laminated timber beams (AFLB) and adhesive free cross-laminated timber panels (AFCLT), assembled through thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels (CWD). The laminations composing the AFEWPs are made of oak timber while the CWD are made of spruce. The experimental modal analyses were carried out under free-free conditions using a hammer impact. Natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios were assessed experimentally. In addition, similar glued beams made of oak timber (conventional glulam) were manufactured and tested for comparison purpose. A predictive 3D FE model was developed and validated by comparison against experimental data and then used to predict the vibrational behavior of a realistic flooring system made with AFCLT panel and measuring 4.5 m x 5.5 m. The predicted FE results were discussed with regard to the Eurocode 5 vibrational serviceability design requirements showing acceptable vibrational performance. The variability level of the results for the AFEWPs is also studied and discussed.

}, author = {T.A. BUI and M. OUDJENE and P. LARDEUR and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1794, title = { Assessment of hygrothermal behavior of newly straw-rape concrete material in various conditions }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {55}, year = {2019}, pages = {2785-2796}, abstract = {

This article focuses on study of hygrothermal behavior of building made of new bio-concrete based on straw-rape. The assessment was conducted using a numerical study, performed using a coupled heat and mass transfer model which takes into account the temperature dependence of the moisture retention curve. The model consists on coupling of envelope model with mono-zone building ambient air model which takes into account ventilation, occupants production and internal inertia in term of thermal and moisture buffering. The model of building envelope was validated by comparison against experimental data carried out on real scale wall. The results reveal that considering moisture retention curve as a temperature-dependent property leads to better prediction of the relative humidity variation in the material, whereas it has weak influence on temperature variations. However, the overall isothermal model may be enough to predict the temperature and relative humidity variations of the indoor ambient air of building. Results have showed good contribution of the internal thermal inertia to reduce temperature variation of the ambient air of building. In addition, simulations highlighted strong capacity, of the straw-rape concrete, to damp the high variations of outdoor relative humidity for all considered climates, especially in desert climate. This effect conduces to avoid accumulation of moisture in the material thus it may rise the life service of the wall.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02350660}, author = {M. RAHIM and R. DJEDJIG and O. DOUZANE and T. LANGLET and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1828, title = { Catalytic effects of potassium on biomass pyrolysis, combustion and torrefaction }, journal = { APPLIED ENERGY }, volume = {235}, year = {2019}, pages = {346-355}, abstract = {

Potassium is a natural catalyst in biomass thermochemical conversion and plays an essential role in plant\&$\#$39;s growth. To figure out the catalytic effects of potassium on the thermochemical behaviors of biomass, the pyrolysis, combustion, and torrefaction characteristics of rubber wood are comprehensively studied using a thermogravimetric analyzer where the biomass is impregnated by potassium carbonate (K2CO3) at different concentrations. The impregnated potassium is clearly exhibited in the spectra of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, while X-ray diffraction indicate that the cellulose crystallinity decreases with increasing the potassium concentration which increases the biomass reactivity in pyrolysis. The ignition temperature of the potassium-impregnated biomass is lowered slightly when compared with the raw biomass; alternatively, its burnout temperature is reduced profoundly, suggesting that the addition of potassium into the biomass can substantially intensify its oxidative reactivity. Considering the treated biomass torrefaction, its cellulose decomposition at 250 degrees C is intensified, rendering a reduction in the solid yield with increasing potassium concentration. With the same mass loss at 200-300 degrees C, at least 28\% of torrefaction time can be saved for the potassium-impregnated biomass. Accordingly, the catalytic effect of potassium on biomass thermochemical conversion is clearly outlined. Moreover, the produced potassium-rich biochar is conducive to the developments of carbon storage, soil amendment, and negative emissions technologies.

}, author = {M. SAFAR and B.J. LIN and W.H. CHEN and D. LANGAUER and J.S. CHANG and H. RACLAVSKA and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1807, title = { Convective drying of onion: modeling of drying kinetics parameters }, journal = { JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE }, volume = {56}, year = {2019}, pages = {3347-3354}, abstract = {

Drying is a simultaneous heat and mass transfer processes. Drying kinetics is determined by both internal properties and external drying conditions. In this study, two important drying kinetics parameters of onions i.e. effective water diffusivity and relative activation energy of reaction engineering approach (REA) are determined. The generated parameters are used to model thin layer drying of onion at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, and 70 degrees C) and relative humidity of 20\%. The effective water diffusivity is in the range of 2.8x10(-10)m(2)s(-1) and 8.1x10(-10)m(2)s(-1). Unlike the diffusivity, the relative activation energy of the REA is independent on drying conditions and thus the latter approach requires less effort in generating the transport properties. The transport parameters can be applied for assisting in designing dryer units and evaluating the performance of existing dryer units.

}, author = {A. COMPAORE and A. PUTRANTO and A.O. DISSA and S. OUOBA and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and A. BERE and J. KOULIDIATI} } @article {1803, title = { Determination and modeling of the isotherms of adsorption/desorption and thermodynamic properties of obeche and lotofa using nelson{\textquoteright}s sorption model }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {55}, year = {2019}, pages = {2185-2197}, abstract = {

Equilibrium moisture content (EMC), net isosteric heat of sorption (NIHS), net entropy of sorption (NES) and standard free energy of Gibbs (SFEG) of Triplochiton scleroxylon (obeche) and Sterculia rhinopetala (lotofa) are modeled using Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption isotherm model. Experimental data are determined using a dynamic vapor sorption apparatus. Air relative humidity is ranged from 0 to 90\% and two air temperatures (20 degrees C and 40 degrees C) are used. Experimental data of EMCs obtained from adsorption and desorption for the mentioned woods were compared with the predicted results using Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption model by the application of the same operating conditions (i.e. temperatures and relative humidity conditions). The results showed that the predicted ones were in good agreement with the experimental data, when the relative humidity varied from 1.2 to 90\%. Both adsorption and desorption phase presented a mean relative errors value inferior to 6.3\%. The parameters that define the sorption isotherm varied with the wood type and the sorption mode. Thus, Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption isotherm model is a useful tool that can be used for prediction of the moisture change in wood under different environmental conditions and for predicting indirectly the thermodynamic parameters such as NIHS, NES and SFEG. In adsorption and desorption mode, the NIHS are estimated using Clausius-Clapeyron\&$\#$39;s equation. The desorption values were higher than the adsorption ones. NIHS versus EMC varied exponentially and the parameters of the function were presented variable with the sorption mode and the wood type. The total energy that we needed to extract and evaporate all bounded water is 12,398.6 J/mol for obeche and 11,627.7J/mol for lotofa. The total energy that we needed to condense and fix all bounded water taken from the state vapour is 11,829.34 J/mol for obeche and 11,379.39 J/mol for lotofa. Water molecules are more mobile during desorption than adsorption in the case of obeche. In the case of lotofa, these molecules are more mobile during adsorption. SFEG is higher in desorption than adsorption and it is influenced by species and less by the temperature. When the temperature increased, the SFEG increased as well. At low values of EMC, NIHS and SFEG are higher and decreased with the increase of EMC until reaching the fibre saturation point.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521244/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and L. BENNAMOUN and A. LEONARD and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1814, title = { Development and Quality of Barley Husk Adhesion Correlates With Changes in Caryopsis Cuticle Biosynthesis and Composition }, journal = { FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE }, volume = {10}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

The caryopses of barley become firmly adhered to the husk during grain development through a cuticular cementing layer on the caryopsis surface. The degree of this attachment varies among cultivars, with poor quality adhesion causing \"skinning\", an economically significant grain quality defect for the malting industry. Malting cultivars encompassing a range of husk adhesion qualities were grown under a misting treatment known to induce skinning. Development of the cementing layer was examined by electron microscopy and compositional changes of the cementing layer were investigated with gas-chromatography followed by mass spectroscopy. Changes in gene expression during adhesion development were examined with a custom barley microarray. The abundance of transcripts involved early in cuticular lipid biosynthesis, including those encoding acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and all four members of the fatty acid elongase complex of enzymes, was significantly higher earlier in caryopsis development than later. Genes associated with subsequent cuticular lipid biosynthetic pathways were also expressed higher early in development, including the decarbonylation and reductive pathways, and sterol biosynthesis. Changes in cuticular composition indicate that lowered proportions of alkanes and higher proportions of fatty acids are associated with development of good quality husk adhesion, in addition to higher proportions of sterols.

}, author = {M. BRENNAN and P.E. HEDLEY and C.F.E. TOPP and J. MORRIS and L. RAMSAY and S. MITCHELL and T. SHEPHERD and W.T.B. THOMAS and S.P. HOAD} } @article {1829, title = { Effect of combustion technology and biogenic CO2 impact factor on global warming potential of wood-to-heat chains }, journal = { APPLIED ENERGY }, volume = {235}, year = {2019}, pages = {1381-1388}, abstract = {

In this work wood-to-heat chains are assessed on environmental and micro-economical aspects. Wood combustion produced various minor pollutants, which should be considered in life cycle assessment For this purpose different wood combustion processes have been modeled under Aspen Plus (R) software in order to assess pollutant emissions (CO2, aromatic compounds, CO, etc.) based on industrial emission data and therefore to obtain a rigorous life cycle inventory. Different technologies are assessed for a fixed heating demand and hot water production of a typical French house: district heating fueled by wood chips, individual stoves or boilers fueled by wood logs or pellets. Electricity, natural gas, and fuel oil solutions complete the scenario set. The different heating solutions are compared in terms of their greenhouse gas emissions and of the cost of the final energy (including investment and operating costs). The important effect of minor pollutants (such as CO and volatile organic compounds) on the global warming potential of wood-to-heat chains is highlighted. The performance of wood scenarios compared to fossil-based ones is also highly dependent on the impact factor assumed for the biogenic CO2. The wood-based scenarios present a wide range of costs with pellet solutions being more expensive on investment and pellet production.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01935854}, author = {C. PELLETIER and Y. ROGAUME and L. DIECKHOFF and G. BARDEAU and M.N. PONS and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1789, title = { Experimental investigations on adhesive free laminated oak timber beams and timber-to-timber joints assembled using thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {222}, year = {2019}, pages = {288-299}, abstract = {

This paper presents an experimental investigation on a novel adhesive free engineered Wood Products (AFEWPs) as an alternative to the conventional glued EWPs which have a high degree of petrochemicals. The research outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of using compressed wood dowels (CWD) as a joint element, to connect timber laminates and members as well as to substitute for adhesives and metallic fasteners. The paper describes the production of thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels as well as the manufacturing of the dowelled timber specimens. The strength and stiffness properties of CWD are characterized based on three-point bending tests and compared to the values obtained from uncompressed wood specimens. After that, the paper discusses the relative mechanical performances of three-layer dowelled oak beams subjected to four-point bending, in comparison to their conventional glued counterparts. Finally, the paper shows results obtained from double shear push-out tests under both monotonic and cyclic loadings, using two wood species, namely spruce and oak. The obtained results show clearly the potential of thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowel, as a joint fastener, for load bearing capacity.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521217}, author = {I. EL-HOUJEYRI and V.D. THI and M. OUDJENE and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME and A. SOTAYO and Z. GUAN} } @article {1779, title = {Green extraction process of tannins obtained from Moroccan Acacia mollissima barks by microwave: Modeling and optimization of the process using the response surface methodology RSM}, journal = { ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY }, volume = {12}, year = {2019}, pages = {2668-2684}, abstract = {

The effect of extraction conditions on polyphenols contents and condensed tannins by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was studied for the first time to our knowledge. Moroccan barks of Acacia mollissima was used to extract phenolic compounds. The variables studied are the following: power extraction, time extraction and solvent nature. Five powers extraction were tested: 150 W, 250 W, 300 W, 450 W and 600 W. A significant effect of power extraction on the extractable nature was proved by ANOVA and Student test. The yields were also affected by time extraction. Different solvent (water, ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate) were tested to evaluate the best extraction solvent according to the extractable nature. Highest polyphenols contents were obtained with methanol. The proportion of this solvent, time extraction and power extraction were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). A face-centered composite design (FCCD) was applied to evaluate the effects of these variables on the polyphenols and condensed tannins contents. For each experiment, the extraction yield, the total polyphenolic contents and the condensed tannins contents were quantified using colorimetric essays. The extracts were characterized by their reactivity to formaldehyde and reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The highest polyphenols content was obtained at 156 W using 80\% of methanol during 5 min. For condensed tannins, the highest content of cyanidin was obtained at 182 W using 20\% of methanol during 3.66 min. RSM applied in MAE, permitted to develop green extraction process of polyphenols and tannins extracted, using lower microwave power and methanol proportion with a shortest time extraction and in the same time improve the quantity of extractables obtained from renewable natural resource.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01597950}, author = {N. RHAZI and H. HANNACHE and M. OUMAM and A. SESBOU and B. CHARRIER and A. PIZZI and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1818, title = { Modeling and prediction of devolatilization and elemental composition of wood during mild pyrolysis in a pilot-scale reactor }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {131}, year = {2019}, pages = {357-370}, abstract = {

Mild pyrolysis, operated at 200-300 degrees C in an inert atmosphere, is a promising technology to produce sustainable materials (i.e., heat treated woods for construction and building) and solid fuels (i.e., torrefied woods or biochars for combustion and gasification). To aid in process and reactor design, the aim of this work is to conduct thermal degradation kinetics of wood. A two-step kinetics model is developed to predict the elemental composition (C, H, and 0) and devolatilization dynamics of wood materials during heat treatment in a pilot-scale reactor by kinetic analysis. A hardwood poplar (Populus nigra) and a softwood fir (Abies pectinata) sever as feedstock, and the experiments are carried out at 200-230 degrees C with a heating rate of 0.2 degrees C min(-1) in a low-pressure environment (200 hPa). The predictions in the weight losses of the woods are in a good agreement with the experimental data. The evolutions of solids, volatiles, elements (C, H, and O), and the heating values of treated woods are further analyzed. The predictions suggest that the intermediate solid is the main product, and almost all the woods are converted when the treatment temperature is as high as 230 degrees C. The devolatilization process, which is responsible for the mass loss of wood, can be clearly identified, and the volatile liberation amounts from poplar and fir at 230 degrees C are 17.05 and 12.44 wt\%, respectively. The predicted HHVs of treated woods from the empirical formula are between 19.62 and 20.55 MJ kg and the enhancement factors at the end of treatment are between 1.01 and 1.07 which is close to torrefied wood after light torrefaction. During the treatment, the extents of decarbonization, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation in fir are all smaller than those in poplar, resulting from the lower intensity of devolatilization in the former.

}, author = {B.J. LIN and E.A. SILVEIRA and B. COLIN and W.H. CHEN and Y.Y. LIN and F. LECONTE and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1788, title = { Modeling of coupled heat and mass transfer during drying of ebony wood using indirect natural convection solar dryer }, journal = { DRYING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {37}, year = {2019}, pages = {1863-1878}, abstract = {

This study presented the behavior of a laboratory scale solar dryer, which was designed with the objective of meeting the needs of low income carpenters of the tropical region of Africa. The following materials were used to build the solar dryer: aluminum sheets painted in black, a wooden support, and a plastic polyethylene used as a cover. Drying was carried out in the city of Yaounde in Cameroon, and the tested boards were ebony (Diospyros crassiflora). Drying must be performed with the following conditions: slow process at a low temperature in order to maintain the proper air relative humidity. Since, no apparatus was used to force the circulation of the air, natural convection was the mode used by the dryer. The solar dryer was mathematically modeled by applying heat and mass transfer balance to the different components of the solar dryer. It is important to mention that the used heat and mass coefficients were proposed as variable with the operating conditions. The mathematical model was a reasonable description of the physical phenomena taking place in the dryer. The results show that the average relative error between numerical and experimental moisture contents was equal to 2.102\%. Heat transfer convective coefficients and global mass transfer coefficients varied with drying time from 0.25 to 5.5 W/(m(2)K) and from 1 x 10(-8) to 5.5 x 10(-8) m/s, respectively. The proposed model allowed designing and dimensioning the solar dryer, to the industrial scale. It allowed following the evolution of the different temperatures and moisture content of the tested material and then optimizing the design of the dryer and the drying process conditions. Based on the model, proposing the opening of the drying chamber during the night time and the use of substances capable of retaining heat in the chamber were some proposed solutions in order to have more efficient drying process. The modeling results showed also that an improvement can be obtained at the addition of a solar collector.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521718/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and B. BONOMA and L. BENNAMOUN and L. MONKAM and A. LEONARD and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1786, title = { Modelling and numerical simulation of hygrothermal transfer through a building wall for locations subjected to outdoor conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa }, journal = { JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING }, volume = {26}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

In the building sector, the improvement of the heat and mass insulation of the walls can reduce the values of the global energy demand and the CO2 emission. A coupled one-dimensional heat and mass transfer model through a building wall was proposed in this study. The governing equations integrate the influences of Dufour and Soret effects and are numerically resolved using FORTRAN 90 and finite difference method in Crank-Nicolson scheme. Gauss-Seidel relaxation iteration method is used in order to generate the numerical solutions. The accuracy of the model was evaluated with experimental data on wooden wall and concrete wall from literature. A very satisfactory agreement is noted between the numerical predictions, experimental observations and physical phenomenon obtained. The model was further used to simulate the hygrothermal transfer through five tropical woods used as building walls in sub-Saharan African region after integration of outdoor conditions. These five woods have densities ranging from 430 to 800 kg/m(3) and the conditions of the interior air were fixed to maintain a comfortable state for the occupants. Twelve towns located within latitudes 4.33 degrees S to 12.37 degrees N in Sub - Saharan Africa were used to discuss the results given by the model. At the end, influences of anatomical direction, tropical wood types, wall thickness, latitudes of the locations and solar radiation on evolutions of temperature and moisture content in the wall are studied. Our results showed that these parameters have significant effects on temperature and moisture content propagation within the wall. Using a wooden wall of 5 cm thickness, it is possible to reduce significantly the effect of the exterior heat.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521709/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and M.C. NDUKWU and Y. ROGAUME} } @inbook {1835, title = { Organosolv Processes }, booktitle = {BIOREFINERIES}, volume = {166}, number = {Advances in Biochemical Engineering-Biotechnology}, year = {2019}, pages = {153-176}, abstract = {

Biofuels and chemicals can be produced from lignocellulosic feedstocks using biotechnological processes. The effective utilization of carbohydrates from biomass for the production of biofuels necessitates the development of pretreatment technologies to enhance their enzymatic digestibility. Among all the various pretreatment methods currently studied and developed, the organosolv processes, in which organic solvents or aqueous organic solvent mixtures are used as the pretreatment medium, appear to be specially promising in the context of the biorefinery because (1) they produce cellulosic pulp with a good enzymatic digestibility for monomeric glucose production and (2) they allow a clean fractionation of the major biomass components (cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses) into three process streams. In this chapter we give an updated overview of organosolv methods using conventional solvents and ionic liquids which have recently gained considerable interest as solvents for lignocellulosic biomass and pretreatment.

}, author = {N. BROSSE and M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM} } @article {1830, title = { Some Insights on Unsteady Double Diffusive Natural Convection of Porous Medium in Vertical Open-Ended Cylinder }, journal = { ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING }, volume = {44}, year = {2019}, pages = {1379-1392}, abstract = {

The work presented in this paper deals with combined heat and mass transfer by natural convection in porous media. The aim is to investigate numerically the effect of control parameters on the flow behavior as well as the enhancement of heat transfer in vertical porous enclosure. The side wall temperature is periodic function of time which is the case in several physical problems. The Darcy\&$\#$39;s flow model coupled with the energy and mass equations is considered. The numerical results show that the flow\&$\#$39;s behavior is strongly dependent on the buoyancy ratio values. Three types of flows take place: chimney, reversal and top aspiration flow. Further, the effect of buoyancy ratio (N) at which the different flow types occur is significantly influenced by the values of control parameters. The relative heat transfer enhancement between constant and periodical wall temperature is profoundly affected by thermal Rayleigh number (Ra), buoyancy ratio and dimensionless amplitude (XA). In the case of opposing double diffusive flow, the relative difference becomes to the favor of the stationary case for high Ra and XA.

}, author = {N. HIMRANE and D.E. AMEZIANI and M. EL-GANAOUI and H. RAGUEB} } @article {1811, title = { The structural characterization and antioxidant properties of oil palm fronds lignin incorporated with p-hydroxyacetophenone }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {130}, year = {2019}, pages = {947-957}, abstract = {

This study reports on the effects of unmodified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin (AH EOL) and modified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin on the structural characteristics and antioxidant properties upon incorporation of p-hydroxyacetophenone (AHP EOL). The lignin samples isolated from black liquor of oil palm fronds (OPF) were evaluated and compared using various complementary analyses; FTIR, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, 2D-NMR spectroscopy (FIMBC and HSQC), CHN, GPC, HPLC and thermal analyses (TGA and DSC). Chemically modified organosolv lignin (AHP EOL) provided lignin with lower molecular weight (M-W), which has smaller fragments that leads to higher solubility rate in water in comparison to unmodified organosolv lignin, AH EOL (D-AHP EOL: 19.8\% \> D-AH EOL: 14.0\%). It was evident that the antioxidant properties of modified organosolv lignin has better reducing power in comparison to the unmodified organosolv lignin. Therefore, the functionalization of lignin polymers enhanced their antioxidant properties and structural features towards a various alternative approach in lignin-based applications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02296950}, author = {N.H. ABD-LATIF and A.A. RAHIM and N. BROSSE and M.H. HUSSIN} } @article {1746, title = { Comparison of teak wood properties according to forest management: short versus long rotation }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {75}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

Key message Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is one of the most important tropical hardwood tree species, which is widely planted in Indonesia. Wood properties are strongly influenced by forest management conditioning further utilization of wood.

Context In Indonesia, teak wood has been supplied from the state forests (Perhutani) for long rotation teak and from community teak plantations for short rotation teak. Short rotation teak has been harvested at 7-10 years and long rotation teak at 40-60 years.

Aims This paper discusses the characterization of technical properties of short and long rotation teak wood based on the chemical, anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties.

Methods The properties of short rotation and long rotation teak woods were characterized by measuring their density, extractive contents, chemical composition, swelling, wettability, water sorption isotherm, decay resistance, anatomical properties, bending strength (modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE)), and hardness.

Results The results indicate that short rotation teak was not particularly different in swelling, MOE and MOR, and Brinell hardness compared to long rotation teak, although it was less dense and less durable due to lower heartwood and extractive contents. Therefore, careful attention should be given to the use of short rotation teak in some wood-processing technologies.

Conclusion Lower wood density and durability of the short rotation compared to the long rotation teak will restrict its utilization to some extent for both indoor and outdoor applications. Fast-growing teak from community cannot be used as usual heartwood teak from Perhutani because of the very low proportion of useful heartwood in the stem.

}, author = {D.E. RIZANTI and W. DARMAWAN and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN and S. DUMARCAY and H. CHAPUIS and C. GERARDIN and E. GELHAYE and P. RAHARIVELOMANANA and R.K. SARI and W. SYAFII and R. MOHAMED and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1710, title = { Computational Simulation of Entropy Generation in a Combustion Chamber Using a Single Burner }, journal = {ENTROPY}, volume = {20}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

In this study, we examine the behavior of a propane diffusion flame with air in a burner; the computational investigations are achieved for each case employing the Fluent package. The graphs generated illustrate the influence of flow parameters, the effects of the oxygen percentage in the air, and the effects of the equivalence ratio phi on the entropy generation, the temperature gradients, and the Bejan number. The obtained results show that incorporation of hydrogen with propane reduced both temperature and carbon monoxide emission.

}, author = {S. MORSLI and A. SABEUR and M. EL-GANAOUI and H. RAMENAH} } @article {1730, title = { A constitutive numerical modelling of hybrid-based timber beams with partial composite action }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {178}, year = {2018}, pages = {462-472}, abstract = {

This work focuses on the development of a three dimensional constitutive model for timber to simulate the flexural behaviour of hybrid timber-steel and timber-concrete beams. This is motivated by the lack of dedicated non linear material behaviour laws for timber in the commercial finite element software by compared to the conventional materials such as concrete and steel.

The flexural behaviour of hybrid timber beams is very complex because of the combination of the two different material behaviours and their nonlinar and partial compostion action. Numerical simulation of such behaviour requires an accurate description of the nonlinear material behaviour, in particular that of timber because of its anisotropic nature. A realistic description of the material nonlinearities and of the composite action between the different materials could aid considerably in achieving acceptable predictions. An incremental approach based on the strong coupling between orthotropic elasticity, anisotropic plasticity with mixed nonlinear isotropic hardening and an isotropic damage is used. The developed constitutive model for timber is implemented in Abaqus code using an external subroutine. The 3D FE model is calibrated and validated through comparison with experimental data reported in literature. The model is able to predict the nonlinear structural response of hybrid beams in terms of load-midspan deflection, and provides an acceptable accuracy.

}, author = {T.T. TRAN and V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1770, title = { Coupling of an acoustic emissions system to a laboratory torrefaction reactor }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {129}, year = {2018}, pages = {29-36}, abstract = {

This article describes the use and characterization of an acoustic system coupled to a torrefaction reactor. The reactor, including phase shift and frequency, was characterized by applying both Lissajous/Hilbert and cross spectrum techniques. Optimum acoustic frequencies were identified and an exploratory torrefaction test combining frequencies and temperatures was performed. The results from dynamic solid yields, conversion rates and temperature profiles showed that acoustic fields may improve torrefaction treatment.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02397702}, author = {E.A. SILVEIRA and M.V.G. DE-MORAIS and P. ROUSSET and A. CALDEIRA-PIRES and A. PETRISSANS and L.G.O. GALVAO} } @article {1718, title = { Effect of aligned and misaligned ventilation opening affecting energy demand and air quality in buildings }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {83}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

This work focuses on a horizontally ventilated cavity filled with air, heated on one side wall and cooled on the floor surface. Therefore, this study has been carried out for a convective loop induced for a fixed Rayleigh number Ra= 10(6) and horizontal ventilation (moderate Reynolds number Re= 100) where the injection is either in cooperating or opposing to the convective loop. The study undertaken concerns different opening position in order to analyze the energy efficiency of such ventilation and the corresponding indoor air quality. The results obtained indicate that the natural convection and the forced flow (ventilation) play an important role in the flow structure and the mixing ability, the heat exchange (cooling need) and the temperature comfort. The optimum ventilating position is a compromise in order to minimize the cooling demand, keep the mixing ability and reduce the temperature heterogeneity.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02076687}, author = {S. MORSLI and H. RAMENAH and M. EL-GANAOUI and R. BENNACER} } @article {1738, title = { The gripped-box model: A simple and robust formulation of sorption hysteresis for lignocellulosic materials }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {170}, year = {2018}, pages = {716-724}, abstract = {

A new formulation is proposed for describing the moisture sorption hysteresis in lignocellulosic products. This model introduces the concept of gripped-box. This concept allows complex experimental pathways to be fitted with only two adjustable parameters, including the closure of scanning loops without any pumping effect. The product history is embedded in a unique internal variable, which defined the actual window of interest. The formulation proposed in the present work can be easily implemented in existing computational softwares. Based on comprehensive experiments, the model parameters were defined for five lignocellulosic materials largely used in the building construction.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01829790}, author = {R. REMOND and G. ALMEIDA and P. PERRE} } @article {1713, title = { Heat treatment kinetics using three-stage approach for sustainable wood material production }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {124}, year = {2018}, pages = {563-571}, abstract = {

The purpose of this study is to develop a numerical tool to predict the mass loss of a wood board during heat treatment as a marker of the process advancement. Mass loss dynamics during the wood heat treatment is experimentally obtained using a specially conceived equipment. The investigation method is applied on large scale wood samples whose radial and transvers dimensions are close to the boards used in industry. A two-step reaction mechanism is adopted to describe the behavior of wood thermodegradation. Model parameters are obtained by fitting the experimental data according to a new approach developed in this study for their optimal determination. The originality of the implemented modelling strategy is the establishment of a three-stage approach based on the analysis of wood thermal sensitivity depending on the treatment temperature range. Model equations are solved numerically by the commercial package Matlab\&$\#$39; software. A good agreement is achieved between the numerical predictions and the experimental data. The developed model and established kinetics can be used for heat treatment process and reactor design in industry to produce wood materials for their applications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01962864}, author = {E.A. SILVEIRA and B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and M. CHAOUCH and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and W.H. CHEN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1725, title = { Hygroscopic behaviour of lignocellulosic materials: Dataset at oscillating relative humidity variations }, journal = { JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING }, volume = {19}, year = {2018}, pages = {320-333}, abstract = {

The objective of this work is to study the hygroscopic behaviour of lignocellulosic materials used in building insulation. Five lignocellulosic materials have been studied and compared: cellulose, flax-hemp wool, low fibreboard density (LDF), Norway spruce and wheat straw. Particular attention is paid to the history of changes in relative humidity (RH). The RH trajectories were chosen to meet two objectives: i) to precisely determine the envelope curves (full adsorption and full desorption in the absence of memory effect) and ii) to quantify the memory effect in the case of partial sorption cycles, likely to occur in these materials in use. The Hailwood-Horrobin model was used to describe the envelope curves and the effect of temperature on isotherms was also modelled. The difference in hygroscopic behaviour is explained by the differences in the chemical and structural composition of the materials studied. The parameters identified in this work provide very useful information to assess the sorption behaviour of lignocellulosic materials when in use in buildings.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01959242}, author = {G. ALMEIDA and R. REMOND and P. PERRE} } @article {1773, title = { Influence of potassium carbonate addition on the condensable species released during wood torrefaction }, journal = { FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {169}, year = {2018}, pages = {248-257}, abstract = {

In order to investigate the effect of potassium addition on the composition of torrefaction condensates, two demineralized wood species were impregnated with different concentrations of K2CO3 and then torrefied at 275 degrees C up to an anhydrous weight loss (AWL) of 25\%. Torrefaction was carried out in both a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) instrument and a laboratory fixed-bed reactor. Condensates from the fixed bed reactor were collected and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). TGA of raw and K2CO3-impregnated biopolymers (cellulose, xylan and lignin) were performed to facilitate interpretation of the results. TGA showed that when potassium content increased in the biomass, shorter torrefaction times were sufficient to obtain the targeted AWL. GC-MS showed, for both wood species, that potassium promotes the formation of acetol and slightly enhances acetic acid yield. The amount of some lignin derivatives (guaiacol, syringol, 4-vinylguaiacol) also rose with potassium addition. Yields of levoglucosan, LAC (1-hydroxy-(1R)-3,6-dioxabicyclo [3.2.1]octan-2-one) and DGP (1,4:3,6-dianhydro-alpha-D-glucopyranose), as well as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, decreased drastically in the presence of potassium. In conclusion, small additions of potassium carbonate deeply affected thermal degradation of wood species and the speciation of torrefaction condensates.

}, author = {L.A. DE-MACEDO and J.M. COMMANDRE and P. ROUSSET and J. VALETTE and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1742, title = { Influence of Water and Humidity on Wood Modification with Lactic Acid }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {259-269}, abstract = {

Impregnation of dry wood with pure lactic acid oligomers (OLAs) followed by heat treatment confers promising properties to wood because of OLA\&$\#$39;s good diffusion, in-situ polymerization and persistence in cell walls. Treatment provides drastic reduction of the equilibrium moisture content, high dimensional stability and good durability. The presence of water during treatment has been evaluated. Curing of OLA impregnated dry wood in humid atmosphere leads to a strong and global degradation of the material. OLA treatment of wet wood only impacts the water leaching rate negatively. Treatment of dry wood with OLA diluted in water additionally decreases the biological resistance and is not efficient for decreasing hygroscopicity. Treatment of dry wood with lactic acid solution leads to a lower polymerization level but confers good properties.

}, author = {C. GROSSE and M. NOEL and M.F. THEVENON and L. RAUTKARI and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1751, title = { Mathematical modelling and numerical simulation of a simple solar dryer for tropical wood using a collector }, journal = { APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING }, volume = {131}, year = {2018}, pages = {356-369}, abstract = {

The main objective of this paper is to develop a computational model and to simulate the drying of timber with a solar dryer. Two sets of equations have been established: one for the solar collector and the other for the drying chamber. The computed and measured outlet temperatures of the solar collector were compared. A very satisfactory prediction by the model is observed. The theoretical variations of the relative humidity and temperature of the air inside the drying chamber were computed and the analyses gave satisfactory physical meanings. The drying kinetic is a little faster. Using the solar collector, the final moisture content of the wood stack of iroko species (Chlorophora excelsa) is lower than the one obtained without utilization of the solar collector. The proposed modelling can be used to design and model other solar dryers.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521746}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and A. ZOULALIAN and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1719, title = { Modelling of heat transfer through permanent formwork panels exposed to high temperatures }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {185}, year = {2018}, pages = {166-174}, abstract = {

A small-scale fire test was performed on a wood-cement panel intended as a permanent formwork. The tested panel was subjected on one side to a uniform heat flux of about 6 kW/m(2). Measurements of the temperature profiles were recorded with thermocouples embedded in the sample. The density and its variation with temperature were obtained by taking weight measurements. The thermal conductivity of the wood-cement composite at room temperature was determined using the hot plate method. Its variation with temperature and that of the specific heat were determined using analytical and numerical approaches. Using the obtained data, a pyrolysis model, implemented in Abaqus, was developed to simulate the effect of heat in the panel. The validation of the model is carried out by simulating charring tests. The model provided reasonable predictions for the thickness of the charred layer and the temperatures profiles across the depth of the panel. The model can supplement the testing of small laboratory samples to characterise the fire performance of these panels, and hence help establish their certification for use in sustainable construction.

}, author = {M. LI and A. KHENNANE and B. BRANDELET and M. EL-GANAOUI and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1753, title = { Moisture transport and sorption in beech and spruce barks }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {72}, year = {2018}, pages = {105-111}, abstract = {

The bark-water relation and the moisture transport in bark are essential for the living tree but also for the industrial utilization of bark. Thus the bark-water relation of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) have been studied in the present work. The sorption isotherms were determined at 35 degrees C for both wood and bark and the water diffusivity was measured under steady state conditions (cup method) and under unsteady state conditions, i.e. via sorption test. The sorption isotherms were calculated based on the Hailwood-Horrobin (HH) model. It was observed that beech wood and bark have a similar hygroscopic behavior, whereas spruce bark is more hygroscopic than spruce wood in all the relative humidity (RH) ranges. The radial diffusivity was in the range 1.2 . 10(-11)-2.2 . 10(-11) m(2) s(-1) for spruce and beech bark, respectively, when the driving force of the diffusion is the gradient of bound water.

}, author = {R. REMOND and L.C.A. BARROS and G. ALMEIDA} } @article {1760, title = { Nonsymmetrical drying tests - Experimental and numerical results for free and constrained spruce samples }, journal = { DRYING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {36}, year = {2018}, pages = {1554-1562}, abstract = {

The paper brings new insights into nonsymmetrical convective drying, a configuration in which stresses induce a global change of the section shape of a wooden board with five insulated faces. Two experimental devices that allow to test simultaneously twin wooden boards have been developed: the first board is free and its curvature is collected vs. time; the second one is constrained and the force required to keep it flat is collected vs. time. Convective drying tests have been performed on radial specimens of spruce, 5 and 15mm thick at 45 and 65 degrees C. The results are commented and compared with simulation runs. For this purpose, a 1-D mechanical formulation is embedded in the computational code of heat and mass transfer TransPore. The objective of the comparison between numerical and experimental results is a better understanding of the coupled phenomena and the identification of some transfer and mechanical parameters.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01959215}, author = {O. ALLEGRETTI and R. REMOND and P. PERRE} } @article {1722, title = { Numerical simulation of fire integrity resistance of full-scale gypsum-faced cross-laminated timber wall }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {132}, year = {2018}, pages = {96-103}, abstract = {

Fire design requires three fire resistance criteria, namely integrity, insulation and load-bearing. In particular, repartition wall systems used in residential and commercial buildings are required to provide certification of insulation and integrity fire resistance and have to be analysed in the context of the characteristic time scales of a fire. This paper presents a numerical methodology to simulate the fire integrity resistance of full-scale timber based wall systems exposed to fire. The main contribution of this paper, with regard to the existing literature, is the presence of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel in the central part of the wall system, where the pyrolysis of timber was modelled explicitly in the energy balance equation system. For this end, a user-subroutine, called UMATHT, is developed and successfully implemented in the Abaqus finite element code for thermal analysis. The falling off of the gypsum boards under fire was considered implicitly in the FE model based on experimental observations. The obtained results show clearly the need to take into account explicitly the cracks and falling off of the gypsum boards for an appropriate prediction of the integrity fire resistance in order to reduce expensive experimental procedures.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521730/}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1716, title = { Potential of a short rotation coppice poplar as a feedstock for platform chemicals and lignin-based building blocks }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {123}, year = {2018}, pages = {698-706}, abstract = {

In the context of a biorefinery, the potential of the short rotation coppice \"poplar with bark\" as a feedstock for the acid-catalyzed ethanol-water Organosolv process and furthermore for possible applications of the biomass components was investigated aiming at optimal separation of the non-standardized woody biomass. The study was supported and evaluated by an experimental design (Box-Behnken). The statistical analysis showed an increase in lignin yield with rising process intensity with an optimum for precipitated lignin yield of 42\%. A change in downstream processing from lignin precipitation by simple dilution of the reaction water to stripping of the ethanol provided a 10\% higher lignin yield. Molecular weight distribution of the lignin samples as well as the number of aliphatic OH-groups within the lignin molecules decreased with intensified conditions whereas the phenolic group content increased. The cellulose content in the fibre fraction is hardly influenced by the pulping conditions, lignin and hemicellulose removal lead to a raising cellulose recovery.

}, author = {V. ROHDE and T. HAHN and M. WAGNER and S. BORINGER and B. TUBKE and N. BROSSE and N. DAHMEN and D. SCHMIEDL} } @article {1732, title = { Production of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fronds lignin-derived non-toxic aldehyde for eco-friendly wood adhesive }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {113}, year = {2018}, pages = {1266-1272}, abstract = {

Lignocellulosic materials can significantly contribute to the development of eco-friendly wood adhesives. In this work, glyoxal-phenolic resins for plywood were prepared using organosolv lignin, which was isolated from black liquor recovered from organosolv pulping of oil palm fronds (OPF) and considered to be an alternative to phenol. Glyoxal, which is a dialdehyde obtained from several natural resources, was used as substitute for formaldehyde. The structure of organosolv lignin and the resins were characterized by FTIR and NMR, and for thermal stability by TGA and DSC. The resins were further studied for their viscosity, pH, solids content and gel times. The resins performance as wood adhesive was further established from mechanical test in terms of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity (MOE) to obtain the optimum ratios of organosolv lignin, which replaces phenol in organosolv lignin phenol glyoxal (OLPG) resins. The adhesive composition having 50\% (w/w) of phenol substituted by organosolv lignin, termed as 50\% OLPG showed highest adhesive strength compared to phenol formaldehyde (PF) commercial adhesive.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and N.A. SAMAD and N.H. ABD-LATIF and N.A. ROZULI and S.B. YUSOFF and F. GAMBIER and N. BROSSE} } @article {1748, title = { Thermal degradation and compositional changes of wood treated in a semi-industrial scale reactor in vacuum }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {130}, year = {2018}, pages = {8-18}, abstract = {

Heat treatment is an eco-friendly and efficient way to improve the defective properties of woods, such as hygroscopic nature, lack of dimensional stability, and low resistance against biological degradation, and to produce a green and sustainable wood material for construction and buildings. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal degradation of a hardwood (poplar, Populus nigra) and a softwood (fir, Abies pectinata) in a semi-industrial scale reactor in which a vacuum environment is adopted to intensify the thermal degradation process. Four different stages of thermal degradation during wood heat treatment are defined, based on the intensity of differential mass loss (DML). Meanwhile, a number of analyses on untreated and treated woods are performed to evaluate their thermal degradation characteristics and compositional change during treatment. The FTIR analysis clearly demonstrates the thermal degradation through dehydration, deacetylation, depolymerization, and condensation reactions during the heat treatment. In addition, the XRD analysis indicates an increase in relative crystallinity of cellulose. The correlation of devolatilization index (DI) with respect to mass loss of the two wood species is strongly characterized by linear distribution, which is able to provide a simple and useful tool in predicting mass loss of wood treated in wood industry.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01816914}, author = {B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and W.H. CHEN and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1717, title = { Thermal stability of Abies alba wood according to its radial position and forest management }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, pages = {1669-1676}, abstract = {

Most of the defects affecting heat-treated wood quality are often attributed to heterogeneous heat transfers in industrial kilns. Even if interspecific variability of wood has been reported to affect thermal degradation of the material, little has been reported on the effects of intraspecific variability. The aim of this work was to study the effect of intraspecific variability of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) wood on its thermal degradation. For this purpose, wood samples were sampled along the radius of cross-sections to estimate the effect of radial position on wood thermal degradation. Sampling was carried out on discs of four trees, two resulting from dynamic growth stand and two from standard growth stand. The study was performed at different scales: at wood compartments scale involving juvenile and mature heartwood, transition zone between heartwood and sapwood and sapwood as well as at intra-ring scale. Wood samples were ground to sawdust and subjected to thermogravimetric analysis and chemical analysis. Juvenile heartwood was shown to be more sensitive to thermal degradation than other compartments. The thermal behavior of sapwood was not particularly different from that of heartwood, and the presence of extractives did not influence significantly thermal degradation. Earlywood was more sensitive to thermal degradation than latewood explaining the higher susceptibility of fast growing heartwood containing larger rings with higher contents of earlywood.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01972741}, author = {J. HAMADA and A. PETRISSANS and J. RUELLE and F. MOTHE and F. COLIN and M. PETRISSANS and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1680, title = { Analytical profiling of food-grade extracts from grape (Vitis vinifera sp.) seeds and skins, green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves and Limousin oak (Quercus robur) heartwood using MALDI-TOF-MS, ICP-MS and spectrophotometric methods }, journal = { JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS }, volume = {59}, year = {2017}, pages = {95-104}, abstract = {

Tannins are food additives widely used due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and flavouring properties. Nevertheless, the information provided by the manufacturers are often generic, and data on the presence of specific phenolic compounds and potentially toxic elements are needed. In this work a selection of food-grade plant extracts - also called \&$\#$39;commercial tannins\&$\#$39; - from different botanical sources: Vitis vinifera sp., Camellia Sinensis, Quercus robur, were profiled using UV-vis spectrophotometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The combined analytical approach was suitable for quality control of the polyphenolic fraction to highlight authenticity markers (e.g. galloylated flavonoids, glycosides, ellagitannins), and to ascertain the content of toxic elements (Cu, Sr, As, Co, Cr, Fe, Zn, Li, Ba and Pb) respect to their legal and/or recommended limits.

}, author = {A. RICCI and G.P. PARPINELLO and A.S. PALMA and N. TESLIC and C. BRILLI and A. PIZZI and A. VERSARI} } @article {1672, title = { Characterization of Ficus sycomorus tannin using ATR-FT MIR, MALDI-TOF MS and C-13 NMR methods }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {807-815}, abstract = {

The Ficus sycomorus bark tannin was extracted and characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Middle Infrared (ATR-FT MIR) spectra in the 1800 and 600 cm(-1) range, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-13 NMR) spectroscopy methods. Ficus sycomorus species have a very high percentage (46\%) yield of tannin. These three characterization methods have shown that the Ficus sycomorus bark tannin is condensed and particularly a procyanidin type. It is composed of quercetin, apigenin, fisetinidin, catechin, gallocatechin, chalcone, radicinin, catechin gallate units with the presence of carbohydrates, quinone and gallic acid residues. The analysis results revealed that quercetin are the major constituents of Ficus sycomorus bark tannin. This procyanidin type tannin can give good wood adhesives.

}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and L. MEVA{\textquoteright}A} } @article {1675, title = { Finite element analysis of heat transfer through timber elements exposed to fire }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {143}, year = {2017}, pages = {11-21}, abstract = {

Since timber is a combustible material, its safe use in construction will depend on a proper knowledge and modelling of the physical and chemical reactions involved in the pyrolysis, that affect the temperature growth and thus the performance of timber in fire. Based on the comprehensive one-dimensional analytical models of the pyrolysis available in the literature, it is required to implement a predictive FE model via a user-defined subroutine in the dedicated commercial software in order to describe more closely the real physical phenomena that undergo timber exposed to fire. This paper presents the implementation of the UMATHT subroutine in the Abaqus software. The obtained results showed a fairly good agreement with experimental ones from the literature. However, at this stage of the study the pyrolysis is taken into account implicitly in the developed UMATHT through gradually modified thermo-physical properties of the timber, as commonly adopted in the published literature. Work is now in progress to implement explicitly the different reactions of the pyrolysis in the developed UMATHT.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521755/}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. OUDJENE and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1707, title = { MALDI-TOF, C-13 NMR and FTIR analysis of the cross-linking reaction of condensed tannins by triethyl phosphate }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {95}, year = {2017}, pages = {621-631}, abstract = {

Reaction of condensation and cross-linking of catechin monomer as a model of condensed (flavonoid) tannin extracts and of mimosa tannin itself, as well as of resorcinol with triethyl phosphate (TEP) have been investigated. FTIR, solid state CP-MAS C-13 NMR, P-31 NMR and MALDI-ToF spectroscopy studies revealed that reaction occurs mainly on the C3 of the flavonoid heterocycle ring and on the aromatic C4\&$\#$39; and C5\&$\#$39; carbons of the flavonoids B-ring, while TEP does not appear to react on the A-ring. A difference in the relative proportions of these two reaction sites for tannin and catechin has been noticed. The reactions appear to be dependent on the temperature. According to the thermogravimetric analysis, materials obtained from the reaction of tannin with TEP showed high thermal stability.

}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and J.P. MARIS and L. DELMOTTE and B. COLIN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1704, title = { MODELING AND SIMULATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL INDIRECT SOLAR DRYER FOR IROKO WOOD (Chlorophora excelsa) IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {19}, year = {2017}, pages = {95-112}, abstract = {

This paper presents a modeling of an instrumental indirect solar wood dryer less expensive functioning in a Cameroonian climate applied to the climate of Yaounde. The dryer is easy to build and electric energy is only used for the fan. Applications are done on Iroko wood (Chlorophora excelsa), a tropical wood 50mm thick most utilized in Africa. A satisfactory agreement between experimental and numerical results was found. Influences of thickness, wood initial water content and airflow rate were studied.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521823/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and A. ZOULALIAN and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and B. BONOMA} } @article {1660, title = { Modification of oil palm fronds lignin by incorporation of m-cresol for improving structural and antioxidant properties }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {104}, year = {2017}, pages = {251-260}, abstract = {

Lignin extracted from oil palm fronds (OPF) underwent chemical modification by incorporating m-cresol into the lignin matrix. This study reports on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of unmodified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolvlignin (AH EOL) and the modified autohydrolyzed ethanol organosolv lignin (AHC EOL). The lignin samples were analyzed by FFIR, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, 2D NMR: HSQC spectroscopy, CHN analysis, molecular weight distribution analysis; GPC and thermal analysis; DSC and TGA. The lignin modification has reduced the hydrophobicity of its complex structure by providing better quality lignin with smaller fragments and higher solubility rate in water (D-AHCEOL.: 42\%\> D-AHEOL: 25\%). It was revealed that the modification of lignin has improved their structural and antioxidant properties, thus venture their possible applications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01765057}, author = {N.A. SA{\textquoteright}DON and A.A. RAHIM and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and N. BROSSE and M.H. HUSSIN} } @article {1682, title = { Moisture sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties of Oak wood (Quercus robur and Quercus canariensis): optimization of the processing parameters }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {53}, year = {2017}, pages = {1541-1552}, abstract = {

The aim of this paper was to determine the moisture desorption isotherms and essentials thermodynamic properties of two Oak wood varieties. Desorption isotherms were measured using a static gravimetric method at 50, 60, 70 and 80 degrees C within the range of 5-90 \% relative humidity. The equilibrium moisture content decreased with increasing temperature and decreased with decreasing relative humidity at a constant temperature. The \&$\#$39;Thermodynamic\&$\#$39; sorption equation was found to be the best for describing the experimental moisture sorption isotherms of woods within the range of temperature and water activity investigated. The Fiber saturation point, deduced from the \&$\#$39;Thermodynamic\&$\#$39; model parameters, depends on the temperature and varying from 22.6 to 54.4 (\% kg water/kg dry matter). Isosteric heat of desorption and differential entropy were calculated by applying Clausius-Clapeyron equation to the desorption data fitted by the \&$\#$39;Thermodynamic\&$\#$39; model. The isosteric heat of desorption and the differential entropy decreased with increasing moisture content according to an exponential law equation and varying from 2.03 to 31.14 kJ/mol and from 73.98 to 4.34 J/(mol K), respectively. The linear relationship between differential enthalpy and entropy satisfied the enthalpy-entropy compensation theory. The sign of Gibbs free energy was found to be positive (+283 J/mol) and (+97 J/mol) for Quercus robur and Quercus canariensis, respectively. The isokinetic temperature was found to be greater than the harmonic temperature. Based on the enthalpy-entropy compensation theory, it could be concluded that the moisture desorption isotherm of Oak wood is a non-spontaneous and enthalpy-controlled process.

}, author = {R. BAHAR and S. AZZOUZ and R. REMOND and S. OUERTANI and M.T. ELAIEB and M.A. EL-CAFCI} } @article {1643, title = { Advances on indirect methods to evaluate tool wear for Radiata pine solid wood molding }, journal = {WEAR}, volume = {350-351}, year = {2016}, pages = {27-34}, abstract = {

The final quality of solid wood molding depends on several factors, where the choice of cutting conditions and consequently the tool performance are key points when processing this type of material because tool wear affects physical-chemical and thermodynamic behavior of the surface submitted to coating. One of the main problems at the production line is to achieve an adequate monitoring system of the cutting process to prevent and detect operational problems or loss of productivity. The objective of this research is to evaluate results from two different control process methods, such as sound pressure and electrical current measurement submitted during different cutting conditions and to determine the cutting distance increase, as innovative methods to estimate tool wear when appearance grade products are being produced.

}, author = {A. AGUILERA and P.J. MEAUSOONE and A. ROLLERI and J.L. BARROS and F. BURGOS and C. AGUILAR} } @article {1657, title = { The capability of ultrafiltrated alkaline and organosolv oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fronds lignin as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution }, journal = { MEASUREMENT }, volume = {78}, year = {2016}, pages = {90-103}, abstract = {

The inhibitive effect of ultrafiltrated oil palm fronds (OPF) lignins on the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution has been investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and weight loss measurement. The presence of smaller lignin fractions reduces remarkably the corrosion rate of mild steel. The highest corrosion inhibition efficiency for all ultrafiltrated lignins were attained at maximum concentration of 500 ppm (IEP.Soda: 87\% \> IEP.Organosolv: 83\% \> IEP.Kraft: 81\%). The results from this corrosion test clearly reveal that all ultrafiltrated lignins behaved as a mixed-type inhibitor with predominant anodic (organosolv lignin) or cathodic (alkaline lignin) effectiveness. It was deduced that the inhibition process was spontaneous and the inhibitors were mainly physically adsorbed onto the mild steel surface.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and N. BROSSE} } @article {1596, title = { Catalytic gasification of biomass (Miscanthus) enhanced by CO2 sorption }, journal = { ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, pages = {22253-22266}, abstract = {

The main objective of this work concerns the coupling of biomass gasification reaction and CO2 sorption. The study shows the feasibility to promote biomass steam gasification in a dense fluidized bed reactor with CO2 sorption to enhance tar removal and hydrogen production. It also proves the efficiency of CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine bi-functional materials to reduce heavy tar production. Experiments have been carried out in a fluidized bed gasifier using steam as the fluidizing medium to improve hydrogen production. Bed materials consisting of CaO-based oxide for CO2 sorption (CaO-Ca12Al14O33) deposited on olivine for tar reduction were synthesized, their structural and textural properties were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) methods, and the determination of their sorption capacity and stability analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It appears that this CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine sorbent/catalyst presents a good CO2 sorption stability (for seven cycles of carbonation/decarbonation). Compared to olivine and Fe/olivine in a fixed bed reactor for steam reforming of toluene chosen as tar model compound, it shows a better hydrogen production rate and a lower CO2 selectivity due to its sorption on the CaO phase. In the biomass steam gasification, the use of CaO-Ca12Al14O33/olivine as bed material at 700 A degrees C leads to a higher H-2 production than olivine at 800 A degrees C thanks to CO2 sorption. Similar tar concentration and lighter tar production (analyzed by HPLC/UV) are observed. At 700 A degrees C, sorbent addition allows to halve tar content and to eliminate the heaviest tars.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01518102}, author = {I. ZAMBONI and M. DEBAL and M. MATT and P. GIRODS and A. KIENNEMANN and Y. ROGAUME and C. COURSON} } @article {1600, title = { Characterization of biomass char formation investigated by advanced solid state NMR }, journal = { CARBON }, volume = {108}, year = {2016}, pages = {165-177}, abstract = {

Char is produced during pyrolysis of biomass and it could be valorised as soil amendment, activated carbon or to produce syngas or heat by further oxidation. The mechanisms of biochars formation have to be better understood in order to tailor their properties. For this purpose, the pyrolysis of biomass was conducted in a fixed bed reactor allowing a good control of pyrolysis conditions. Miscanthus and the macromolecules extracted from this same biomass (holocellulose, cellulose, ethanol organosolv lignin) were pyrolysed to various final temperatures (200-500 degrees C). The chemical moieties formed in the chars were studied by solid state C-13 NMR. A Cross Polarization method at the Magic Angle Spinning with Adiabatic Passage though Hartmann-Hahn conditions (CP/MAS APHH) has been found to give similar spectra than the Direct Polarization quantitative method in much shorter acquisition times. A quantitative study on the formation of aromatic structures in the network of the macromolecules in miscanthus and in the fractionated macromolecules was conducted. It is shown that below 300 degrees C xylan is the main source of aromatic formation while above this temperature the aromatization of cellulose occurs. The interactions between lignin and carbohydrates inside the network of biomass for aromatic structures formation are discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599591}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and J. RAYA and L. DELMOTTE and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1651, title = { CHARACTERIZATION OF SORPTION BEHAVIOR AND MASS TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF FOUR CENTRAL AFRICA TROPICAL WOODS: AYOUS, SAPELE, FRAKE, LOTOFA }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {207-226}, abstract = {

This study provides the sorption isotherm, its hysteresis and their mass transfer properties of four Central Africa Tropical woods widely used for building construction: frake (Terminalia Superba), lotofa (Sterculia Rhinopetala), sapele (Entandrophragma Cylindricum) and ayous (Triplochiton Scleroxylon). Characterization of these four species in particular and Central Africa tropical woods in general were necessary to develop conservation and treatment of wood after first transformation using the drying. Also, moisture transport on wooden material used such as wall buildings can be facilitating to found the thermal comfort. Measurements of isotherms were performed using a dynamic vapor sorption apparatus (Surface Measurement Systems) at 20 and 40 degrees C with air relative humidity ranged from 0\% to 90\%. Mass diffusivity was determined in steady state using a specific vaporimeter. Air permeability was determined using a specialized device developed to measure over a wide range of permeability values. Permeability and mass transfer properties were determined in the tangential direction with a \"false\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; quartersawn board (sapele and lotofa) and in the radial direction with a flatsawn board (ayous and frake). Samples of sapele, ayous and frake are heartwood when lotofa contains as well as heartwood than sapwood. Results obtained showed that the temperature effect on sorption behavior was quite low. We observed also a low difference between the sorption behavior of these different species and hysteresis of sorption decreases when temperature increases. Hailwood-Horrobin model\&$\#$39;s explains plausibly the experimental sorption isotherms data. Results on characterization of mass transfer properties showed that, in the steady state, mass diffusivity decreases exponentially when basal density increases. Mass diffusivity was higher in desorption than in adsorption phase. The gaseous permeability of these species was between than those of Australian hardwoods and temperate woods. It was difficult to define a relationship between permeability and mass diffusivity.

}, url = {https://hal-centralesupelec.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01378513}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and P. PERRE} } @article {1655, title = { Design and optimization of industrial woody biomass pretreatment addressed by DryKiln_CRP, a multiscale computational model: Particle, bed, and dryer levels }, journal = { DRYING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {34}, year = {2016}, pages = {1820-1830}, abstract = {

Thermochemical conversion processes of biomass to energy are increasingly demanding in terms of the quality of the raw material, especially regarding its moisture content. The use of continuous dryers is attractive because of their low cost and ease of integration into the production line. However, the design of the drier (drying chamber and heating source) and the optimization of its control based on relevant criteria are complex. This paper presents DryKiln_CRP, a comprehensive multiscale model able to account for the two-way interactions between particles, bed, and drier. The drying model at the particle level is based on the van Meel approach which was extended to account explicitly for heat and mass transfer coupling. Computational simulations are discussed for two case studies to emphasize the potential of this multiscale computational model in the design and optimization of industrial plants devoted to the pretreatment of biomass.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01430298}, author = {J. COLIN and R. REMOND and P. PERRE} } @article {1624, title = { Experimental and numerical analysis of CFRP-strengthened finger-jointed timber beams }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {68}, year = {2016}, pages = {283-297}, abstract = {

Experimental and finite element (FE) studies of bending behaviour of finger-jointed timber (Spruce) beams reinforced with CFRP material were performed. Four-point bending tests with distinct reinforcement configurations were proposed in order to determine stiffness, ductility and strength values of strengthened finger-jointed timber beams. The experimental results obtained under flexure showed that the external bonding of CFRP increased the load-bearing capacity of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams. The numerical results presented here were based on the Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) available in Abaqus code, allowing the description of the progressive failure mode of the finger-jointed timber beams under flexural load. The FE models took the different material constitutive laws (wood, CFRP and adhesive) into account, including the bond-slip actions between finger-joints and CFRP-timber interface. The results in terms of load-mid span deflection and failure modes obtained experimentally and numerically were compared. Once the FE simulations were calibrated, the differences between experimental and predicted ultimate loads were around 4.5\% only. A good agreement was therefore found, proving the relevance of the presented FE models to predict the load-bearing capacity and to capture the failure mode of CFRP-strengthened finger-jointed Spruce timber beams in bending.

}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. CELZARD and M. OUDJENE and J. RUELLE} } @article {1616, title = { Extraction and Characterization of Fibers from Palm Tree }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {11}, year = {2016}, pages = {7016-7025}, abstract = {

The characterization of fibers extracted from leaflet, the empty fruit bunches, leaf sheath, and spath of palm tree was performed. The fibers were extracted using three different procedures through chemical and / or enzymatic methods. The raw fibers studied have xylose contents between 13-22\% and glucose content between 30\% and 45\%. The microfibrillar angle (MFA) values are in the order: bunch \> spath \> leaf sheath \>\> leaflet. Spath and leaf sheath, which naturally occur in a woven form present poor mechanical strength but could be readily used to produce cheap composites. Leaflet fibers extracted from date palm tree exhibiting a low MFA (16 degrees), a high cellulose content, and cellulose crystallinity present the highest ultimate tensile strengths (approximate to 1250 N.mm(-2)).

}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01492068}, author = {I. TAHRI and I.Z. DEVIN and J. RUELLE and C. SEGOVIA and N. BROSSE} } @article {1642, title = { Finite element modelling of the pyrolysis of wet wood subjected to fire }, journal = { FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL }, volume = {81}, year = {2016}, pages = {85-96}, abstract = {

The modelling of the pyrolysis of wet wood provides more realistic fire scenarios for structural fire design by taking into account variable thermal properties of wood which are beyond the scope of conventional structural fire design codes. The proposed numerical methodology has been written in MATLAB environment. A 2D nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to model the pyrolysis of wet wood subjected to high temperature. The varying of thermal proprieties of wood are discussed from the point of view of changes of structure and chemical composition under fire condition. The validity of the model is established by comparing the predicted results with results from fire resistance tests presented in literature. Qualitatively, the model provides good agreement with the experimental data. It is shown that the model can handle layers of a wooden composite structure. Temperature profiles at different points in the wood sample and the two-dimensional charring depth of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) panels are calculated and compared with experimental data.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01599583}, author = {V.D. THI and M. KHELIFA and M. EL-GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1619, title = { Improving Water Repellence and Friability of Tannin-Furanic Foams by Oil-Grafted Flavonoid Tannins }, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {11}, year = {2016}, pages = {7754-7768}, abstract = {

Tannin-furanic biobased foams, based on the co-reaction of bark-derived condensed tannins and thermoset furanic polymers, have low thermal conductivity, are self-extinguishing, and have high fire resistance, which allows their development for several industrial uses. One of their main drawbacks, however, is the absorption of water within the foam itself. Another problem is the rather friable surface, which is a definite drawback for some potential applications. In this work, these two problems are minimized or eliminated by introducing a component of oil-grafted tannin in the foam formulation. The incorporation of fatty chains markedly decreased foam friability and increased water repellency in the body of the foams. These properties and the compounds formed by fatty acids grafting onto the tannin flavonoids were extensively tested.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599595}, author = {G. RANGEL and H. CHAPUIS and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD and C. GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER} } @article {1636, title = { In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Melanoma Effects of Pituranthos tortuosus Essential Oil Via Inhibition of FAK and Src Activities }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY }, volume = {117}, year = {2016}, pages = {1167-1175}, abstract = {

A large number of plants used in traditional medicines have been shown to possess antitumor activities. The aims of this study were to evaluate any anticancer effect of the essential oil (EO) extracted from P. tortuosus against B16F10 melanoma cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo. In vitro, EO was shown to induce apoptosis and to inhibit migration and invasion processes. Further investigation revealed that EO decreased focal adhesion and invadopodia formation which was accompanied by a drastic downregulation of FAK, Src, ERK, p130Cas and paxillin. Moreover, EO treatment decreased the expression level of p190RhoGAP, and Grb2, which impair cell migration and actin assembly. Mice bearing the melanoma cells were used to confirm any in vivo effectiveness of the EO as an anti-tumor promoting agent. In mice dosed with 100 mg EO/kg/d (for 27 days), tumor weight was inhibited by 98\% compared to that in mice that did not receive the product. In conclusion, these data suggested to us that an EO of P. tortuosus could evolve to be a potential medicinal resource for use in the treatment of cancers.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598421}, author = {M. KRIFA and S.E. EL-MESHRI and N. BENTOUATI and A. PIZZI and E. SICK and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA and P. RONDE} } @article {1599, title = { Modeling, of coupled heat and mass transfer during drying of tropical woods }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {109}, year = {2016}, pages = {299-308}, abstract = {

We have developed a model on drying of two tropical woods of ayous (Triplochiton Scleroxylon) and frake (Terminalia Superba) coming from Cameroon forests. Some thermophysical parameters used in the model were experimentally obtained in this work while the remaining properties were from literature. A comparison is doing between numerical results of our model, these given by the Luikov\&$\#$39;s model and experimental data. Numerical simulation results from the developed model give close agreement with experimental results. We note that Luikov\&$\#$39;s model not gives a satisfaction results in the non-hygroscopic domain in the case of frake. The present model can be used to explain the drying phenomenon of these two tropical species and can be applied to others species when necessary thermophysical parameters of these species are known. In a future work, it is important to integrate the influence of anatomical direction on our numerical and experimental results.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521993/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and B. BONOMA} } @article {1601, title = { Non-Fickian moisture diffusion in thermally modified beech wood analyzed by the inverse method }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {109}, year = {2016}, chapter = {291-298}, abstract = {

Non-Fickian diffusion in native and thermally modified wood was analyzed by the inverse method. A low quality of the identified diffusivity values was found for the diffusivity which was either constant or varying with water content. This was explained by the non-Fickian behavior. It was especially distinct for thermally modified wood for which an increased delay in obtaining the hygroscopic equilibrium was clearly shown. Such a delay was explained by time required for molecular reorganization to produce new sorption sites. This phenomenon was accounted to improve the physical model by modifying the convective boundary condition. A relaxation mechanism was used for this purpose with an adequate time constant.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01342970}, author = {W. OLEK and R. REMOND and J. WERES and P. PERRE} } @article {1610, title = { Performance of silica gel-water solar adsorption cooling system }, journal = { CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING }, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, pages = {337-345}, abstract = {

The technology of cold production by adsorption is an effective way of heat conversion. It can significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. For this purpose, an experimental platform has been developed combining an internal combustion gas engine (cogenerator), a refrigerating adsorption machine, thermal solar collectors and wooden construction split in two compartment, a cold one conditioned by cooling ceilings and a hot one conditioned by heating floors. The platform is completely instrumented. We developed a simulation model that is confronted to experimental measurements. This paper deals with numerical study of refrigeration systems with silica gel / water pair with SIMULINK. The results include the total solar radiation, the temperature profiles of hot, cooling and chilled water in addition to Temperature profiles of cogenerator and room.

}, author = {G. NAJEH and G. SLIMANE and M. SOUAD and B. RIAD and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1598, title = { Physicochemical of microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm fronds as potential methylene blue adsorbents }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {92}, year = {2016}, pages = {11-19}, abstract = {

The present study sheds light on the physical and chemical characteristics of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) isolated from oil palm fronds (OPF) pulps. It was found that the OPF MCC was identified as cellulose II polymorph, with higher crystallinity index than OPF alpha-cellulose (CrIOPFMCC: 71\%\> CrIOPF alpha-cellulose 47\%). This indicates that the acid hydrolysis allows the production of cellulose that is highly crystalline. BET surface area of OPF MCC was found to be higher than OPF alpha-cellulose (S-BETOPFMCC: 5.64 m(2) g(-1) \> SBETOPF alpha-cellulose :Q(a)(0) 2.04 m(2) g(-1)), which corroborates their potential as an adsorbent. In batch adsorption studies, it was observed that the experimental data fit well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm in comparison to Freundlich isotherm. The monolayer adsorption capacity (Q(a)(0)) of OPF MCC was found to be around 51.811 mg g(-1) and the experimental data fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and N.A. POHAN and Z.N. GARBA and M.J. KASSIM and A.A. RAHIM and N. BROSSE and M. YEMLOUL and M.R.N. FAZITA and M.K.M. HAAFIZ} } @article {1626, title = { SORPTION BEHAVIOR OF FOUR TROPICAL WOODS USING A DYNAMIC VAPOR SORPTION STANDARD ANALYSIS SYSTEM }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {403-412}, abstract = {

Sorption behavior of four tropical woods coming from Cameroon is studied using a Dynamic Vapor Sorption-Intrinsic apparatus. Sorption isotherms at 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C of Triplochiton scleroxylon (obeche), Entandrophragma cylindricum (sapele), Sterculia rhinopetala (lotofa) and Terminalia superba (frake also called limba) are compared to those in the literature with methods using saturated salts for lotofa and frake with satisfactory results. Experimental values are fitted using two sorption isotherm models. Sorption hysteresis is greatest in sapele and least in frake. When temperature increases, differences in the hysteresis of sorption among the woods decreases. Hystereses of all studied woods ranged from 0,5 to 3\%. Our studied woods have lower equilibrium moisture content probably caused by the higher values of extractives content. The water sorbed molecules on multilayer during both adsorption and desorption at 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C is greater in the case of frake and lower in the case of lotofa. The water sorbed molecules on multilayer of sapele is greater than those of obeche. The predominance of multilayer over monolayer of our woods is from 0,2 to 0,4 relative humidity in adsorption phase, and from 0,3 to 0,4 relative humidity in desorption phase.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521999/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and B. BONOMA} } @article {1621, title = { Spectroscopy analysis of phenolic and sugar patterns in a food grade chestnut tannin }, journal = { FOOD CHEMISTRY }, volume = {203}, year = {2016}, pages = {425-429}, abstract = {

Tannin of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood, commonly used in winemaking was characterised with a spectroscopy qualitative approach that revealed its phenolic composition: several vibrational diagnostic bands assigned using the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Infrared Spectroscopy, and fragmentation patterns obtained using the Laser-Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight technique evidenced polygalloylglucose, e.g. castalagin/vescalagin-like structures as the most representative molecules, together with sugar moieties. The implication of these findings on winemaking application and the potential influence of the chemical structure on the sensory properties of wine are discussed.

}, author = {A. RICCI and M.C. LAGEL and G.P. PARPINELLO and A. PIZZI and P.A. KILMARTIN and A. VERSARI} } @article {1640, title = { THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ANNINGRE TANNIN RESIN }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {245-252}, abstract = {

Three formulations of aningre tannin resins containing in order the paraformaldehyde powder, hexamethylenetetramine and aqueous glyoxal as hardeners were developed. Their thermogravimetric analysis have shown that they begin to decompose respectively from 135 degrees C, 145 degrees C and 140 degrees C. About 24\%, 40\% and 39\% solid residues of their initial masses exist at the end of the analysis. Thermomechanical analysis has shown that the formulation containing paraformaldehyde powder as hardener has the best rigidity and the worst contains the hexamethylenetetramine. All formulations have different thermal degradation, differences were more significant between 400 and 900 degrees C. The decomposition of hardeners become more significant from 400 degrees C.

}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and P. GIRODS and M.C. LAGEL and M. KPLE} } @article {1401, title = {Aningre tannin extract characterisation and performance as an adhesive resin}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod}, volume = { 77}, year = {2015}, pages = {225{\textendash}231 }, author = {N. KONAI and A. PIZZI and D. RAIDANDI and M.C. LAGEL and C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and C. SAIDOU and A. HAMIDO and S. ABDALLA and F. BAHABRI and A. GANASH} } @article {1249, title = {Antioxidant and anti corrosive properties of oil palm frond lignins extracted with different techniques. }, journal = {Ann. Forest Sc. }, volume = {72}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {17}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A. MOHD-SHAH and A.A. RAHIM and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and D. PERRIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1578, title = { Catalytic conversion of methane over a biomass char for hydrogen production: deactivation and regeneration by steam gasification }, journal = { APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL }, volume = {490}, year = {2015}, pages = {170-180}, abstract = {

CH4 decomposition over a wood char was investigated as an alternative green catalyst.to produce hydrogen from hydrocarbons. Pyrolytic carbon (pyrocarbon) deposition leads to apparent deactivation of the catalyst by pore-mouth plugging. The activity of the carbon bed and its available surface area are easily restored by H2O gasification. The used char with pyrocarbon deposition was even found to be more reactive to gasification than the fresh char used in our conditions. This finding was highlighted by: (i) determination of gasification reaction extents by steam, (ii) temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) of the fresh, used and reactivated chars and (iii) TPO under differential scanning calorimetry of these chars and demineralised chars. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analysis of the chars showed different multiscale organisation of the carbon materials (disordered and graphitic mesoporous nanostructures). The fast regeneration of the used char could be attributed to the catalytic effect of the minerals present in the char that are reduced under our conditions of CH4 conversion. The predominant oxidation of the pyrocarbon compared to the char during its regeneration is evidenced through differential annealing (at 1800 degrees C) followed by XRD analysis. The oxidation of pyrocarbon is faster than the oxidation of the weakly reactive mesoporous carbon in char as shown by the HRTEM analysis. Consequently, wood char is an effective, easy to regenerate and cheap catalyst for converting hydrocarbons (CH4 or tar) into syngas.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01227900}, author = {A. DUFOUR and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO and F. BROUST and C. COURSON and A. ZOULALIAN and J.N. ROUZAUD} } @article {1592, title = { Characterization of sumac (Rhus tripartitum) root barks tannin for a potential use in wood adhesives formulation }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {49}, year = {2015}, pages = {205-221}, abstract = {

The phenolic composition of sumac root barks was studied. Colorimetric assays, FT-IR and NMR were used to examine the phenolic composition and tannins nature. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry was used to examine the structure of the tannin oligomers. TGA analysis was used to study the thermal stability of sumac tannin extract. Analyzes showed that sumac root barks are rich in condensed tannins, especially procyanidin and prodelphinidin types. Flavonoid oligomers of dimers, trimers, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers kind were detected in MALDI-TOF-positive ion mode analysis. TGA analysis showed thermal stability of sumac tannins compared to other condensed tannin types and pomegranate hydrolyzable tannins.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02009673}, author = {S. BEN-MAHMOUD and H. SAAD and B. CHARRIER and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and N. AYED and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1562, title = {Dataset for validating 1-D heat and mass transfer models within building walls with hygroscopic materials}, journal = { BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT }, volume = {89}, year = {2015}, pages = {356-368}, abstract = {

To assist with the correct design of buildings, many computational models have been developed to assess the transient heat, air, and moisture (HAM) transfer within building walls. Validation of these computational models is essential to gain confidence in the codes.

This paper provides datasets for validating 1-D heat and mass transfer models step by step, gradually increasing the complexity of a multilayer wall with hygroscopic components. The experiments were performed using a double climatic chamber. The climatic conditions on either side of the wall progress from the simplest boundary conditions (isothermal) to more complex ones with oscillations that mimic the mid-season period. To assess the hygrothermal response of the tested walls under such climatic conditions, the conditions of ambient air and the temperature and humidity profiles within the wall thickness are monitored during the test. This paper gives some detailed information on the chamber design, the instrumentation, the materials, and the climatic conditions so that other researchers can use the collected data for validation of their models or to build future test facilities. The results obtained with the test facility highlight the coupling that exists between heat and mass transfers across multilayer walls using hygroscopic components. The heat release by moisture adsorption is observed in the temperatures profiles. During the mid-season period, the results show the differences of the phase shift and the amplitude attenuation of the temperature and the water vapour pressure across the wall thickness.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01598447}, author = {H. RAFIDIARISON and R. REMOND and E. MOUGEL} } @article {1252, title = {Enhanced properties of oil palm fronds (OPF) lignin fractions produced via tangential ultrafiltration technique }, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {66}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {1}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and D. PERRIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1579, title = { High Resolution Solid State 2D NMR Analysis of Biomass and Biochar }, journal = { ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY }, volume = {87}, year = {2015}, pages = {843-847}, abstract = {

Solid state NMR methods are required to analyze biomass as a function of its chemical or biological treatment for biofuels, chemicals, or biochar production. The native polymers network in lignocellulosic biomass and other solid materials, such as coal, coke, or biochar, can hardly be analyzed by liquid state NMR due to their poor swelling ability without chemical modification. A H-1-C-13 two-dimensional heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) experiment with frequency-switched Lee-Goldburg (FSLG) irradiation is performed on a high field spectrometer (750 MHz). This method leads to previously unattained resolution for biomass and biochar and offers a unique ability to reveal their chemical composition. The formation of aromatic moieties from carbohydrates and lignin thermal conversion is clearly distinguished. This method can be applied to all other carbonaceous materials.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01101584}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and L. DELMOTTE and J. RAYA and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1557, title = {Improved corrosion inhibition of mild steel by chemically modified lignin polymers from Elaeis guineensis agricultural waste}, journal = {MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS}, volume = {163}, year = {2015}, pages = {201-212}, abstract = {

This article describes that the modification of lignin by incorporation of aromatic scavengers (2-naphthol: AHN EOL and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone: AHD EOL) during delignification process has improved the physical properties of the lignin fractions. Smaller fragments of lignin with high phenolic -OH content, increased solubility and antioxidant activity have led to improved inhibitive property of the modified lignin. The inhibition efficiency (84-93\%) of both modified lignin (500 ppm) were observed to be better than unmodified organosolv lignin (EOL). It was deduced that the inhibition process was spontaneous and the inhibitors were mainly physically adsorbed onto the mild steel surface.

}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and N. BROSSE} } @article {1400, title = {Mechanical properties of Aningeria superba (Aningre) and Austranella congolensis tannin adhesives}, journal = {Sylwan}, volume = {159(7)}, year = {2015}, pages = {317-328}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and L. MEVA{\textquoteright}A and M. MBUH-KUMA and L. HAI} } @article {1576, title = { Microwave assisted extraction of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) bark: Impact of particle size and characterization }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {65}, year = {2015}, pages = {142-149}, abstract = {

The effect of particle size on the extraction of tannins by microwave assisted extraction (MAE) was studied for the first time to our knowledge. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) bark from the South West of France was sieved into five ranges of particle size before extraction was carried out in an ethanol-water solution. For each extraction, the extraction yield, the total polyphenolic content, the condensed tannins content, and the sugar content were quantified. The extracts were characterized by their reactivity to formaldehyde, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), H-1 NMR, and heteronuclear single correlation spectroscopy-2D NMR (HSQC 2D NMR). The MAE was also compared to a hot water based extraction. The effect of the particle size on the extraction efficiency was studied. The HSQC 2D NMR revealed that (epi) catechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechine, and epigallocatechine gallate were obtained. Higher amounts of condensed tannins, sugars, and simple flavonoids were extracted by MAE extraction.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599786}, author = {L. CHUPIN and S.L. MAUNU and S. REYNAUD and A. PIZZI and B. CHARRIER and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY} } @article {1402, title = {Phenol-wheat protein-formaldehyde adhesives for wood-based panels}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod}, volume = {73(4)}, year = {2015}, pages = {439-448}, author = {MC. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. REDL and F.M. AL-MARZOUKI} } @article {1544, title = {Preparation and Characterization of Lignin Polyols from the Residues of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch}, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {7339-7352}, abstract = {

In this work, lignin polyols were prepared from the liquefaction of kraft lignin and from the direct liquefaction of Elaeis guineensis lignocellulosic waste. The liquefaction reaction was performed with polyhydric alcohols using sulfuric acid as catalyst at 160 degrees C. The physical and chemical characterizations of lignin and lignin polyols were conducted by elemental analysis, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, molecular weight distribution, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Quantitative C-13 NMR showed that all aliphatic hydroxyl group values of polyols noticeably increased with the use of the two methods compared to kraft lignin. The average molecular weight analysis of the liquefied product showed that it exhibited high molecular weight compared to kraft lignin. Both structural and thermal characteristics suggest that lignin polyols would be a good substitute for kraft lignin in the synthesis of polymeric compounds such as environmentally friendly resins or wood adhesives, as it presents higher amounts of activated free ring positions, higher molecular weight, and high thermal stability.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01598213}, author = {A.H. FARIS and M.N.M. IBRAHIM and A.A. RAHIM and M.H. HUSSIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1251, title = {Resolution solid state 2D NMR analysis of biomass and biochar }, journal = {Analytical Chemistry }, volume = {87}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {843}, author = {Y. LEBRECH and L. DELMOTTE and J. RAYA and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1569, title = { Segregation of wood particles in a bubbling fluidized bed }, journal = { FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {133}, year = {2015}, pages = {80-88}, abstract = {

Understanding wood segregation in bubbling fluidized beds is of importance for the global analysis, comprehensive modeling, and scale-up of bubbling fluidized bed biomass gasifiers. This study presents measurements of voidage and segregation taken during experiments in fluidized beds containing inert materials mixed with biomass particles, The features of the wood particles affect the bed axial homogeneity; a small particle size or a high density increase homogeneity. When gas fluidization velocity is low, the biomass particles are more segregated from olivine compared to the results achieved with larger velocities. In all experiments, a significant portion of the wood remains within the bed (50-80\%), while the rest of the biomass floats at the bed surface. The experimental modeling accurately represents the voidage of the bed, with the exception of the upper part of the bed and the floating portion of the biomass particles. The results of the present study are in agreement with recent publications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01250404}, author = {B. CLUET and G. MAUVIEL and Y. ROGAUME and O. AUTHIER and A. DELEBARRE} } @article {1403, title = {Synthesis of bio-adhesives from soybean flour and furfural: relationship between furfural level and sodium hydroxide concentration}, journal = { Int. J. Adhesion Adhesives. }, volume = {63}, year = {2015}, pages = {74-78 }, author = {E. LEPINE and B. RIEDL and X-M. WANG and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and J-M. HARDY and M-J. RAIZER-DA-CRUZ} } @article {1405, title = {Valorisation of Tunisian pomegranate peels tannins in green adhesives formulations}, journal = { J. Renew. Mat}, volume = {3(1)}, year = {2015}, pages = {34-43}, author = {H. SAAD and A. PIZZI and B. CHARRIER and N. AYED and K. RODE and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY and F. BOUHTHOURY} } @article {1216, title = {Analysis of the behaviour of multiple dowel connections in fire.}, journal = {Fire Safety Journal}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. El GANAOUI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1213, title = {CO2 adsorption capacities of active chars prepared from wood laminated flooring wate}, journal = {International Journal of Energy, Environment, and Economics}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. DEBAL and P. GIRODS and J. LEMONON and N. MEYER and C. TILLOY and A. DONNOT and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1210, title = {Effects of silencing RET-PTC1 oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma by siRNA-squalene nanoparticles with and without fusogenic companion GALA-Cholesterol}, journal = {Thyroid}, volume = {24}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {327}, author = {H.M. ALI and A. MAKSIMENKO and G. URBINATI and H. CHAPUIS and M. RAOUANE and D. DESMAELE and H. YASUHIRO and H. HARASHIMA and P. COUVREUR and L. MASSAAD-MASSAADE} } @article {1005, title = {Effects of silencing the RET/PTC1 oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma by siRNA-squalene nanoparticles with and without fusogenic companion GALA-Cholesterol.}, journal = { Thyroid}, volume = {24}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {327-338}, author = {ALI, H-M. and URBINATI, G. and CHAPUIS, H. and DESMAELE, D. and RAOUANE, M. and YASUHIRO, H. and HARASHIMA, H. and COUVREUR, P. and MASSAAD-MASSADE, L.} } @article {1219, title = {Experimental characterization of particle evolution size and density by thermal treatment: application to DEM model of biomass pyrolysis.}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {B. CADILLE and F. TOPIN and P. GIRODS and J. VICENTE and L. TADRIST and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1215, title = {How to determine energy of wood from nutrient analysis? }, journal = {Chemical Engineering Transaction}, volume = {37}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {511}, author = {N. BILOT and L. SAINT-ANDRE and Y. ROGAUME and M. FOURNIER and C. DUPONT and C. DELEUZE} } @article {1244, title = {Impact of catalytic oil palm fronds (OPF)pulping on organosolv lignin properties. }, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {109}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {33}, author = {M.H. HUSSIN and A.A. RAHIM and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and D. PERRIN and M. YEMLOUL and N. BROSSE} } @article {697, title = {Improving the Operation of an Automatic Wood Chip Boiler by Optimizing CO Emissions}, journal = {Energy \& Fuels}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2152-2159}, author = {A. QUINTERO-MARQUEZ and C. BERNARD and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1201, title = {Industrial scale beech woodlam GST and fingerjoints by maximizing natural components in honeymoon fast-set adhesives. }, journal = {ProLigno}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3}, author = {P.J. MEAUSOONE and A. PIZZI and M. OUDJENE and M. GAUTIER and K. ROY and T. VAN-DANG} } @article {702, title = {Investigation on the structure and antioxidant properties of modified lignin obtained by different combinative processes of oil palm fronds (OPF) biomass}, journal = {Industrial crops and products. }, volume = {52}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {544-551}, author = {MH. HUSSIN and A. RAHIM and MNM. IBRAHIM and M. YEMLOUL and D. PERRIN and N. BROSSE} } @article {1220, title = {Modeling and simulation of the drying of beech timber (Fagus Sylvatica) using oscillating regimes. }, journal = {International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering}, volume = {8}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {83}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN} } @article {1214, title = {Modeling of the coupled heat and mass transfer during the drying of the tropical woods coming from Cameroon : the cas of Lotofa and Sapelle. }, journal = {International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. }, volume = {4}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {385}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and R. REMOND and Y. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN} } @article {1003, title = {Nitrogen Removal from Wood Laminated Flooring Waste by Low-Temperature Pyrolysis}, journal = {Waste and Biomass Valorization}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {199-209}, author = {LEMONON, J. and GIRODS, P. and ROGAUME, C. and PERRIN, D. and ROGAUME, Y.} } @article {1192, title = {Phenol-wheat protein-formaldehyde adhesives for wood-based panels. }, journal = {ProLigno}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. REDL} } @article {1208, title = {Preactivated Oxazaphosphorines designed for isophosphoramide mustard delivery as bulk form or nanoassemblies: synthesis and proof of concept. }, journal = {J. Med. Chem}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {C. SKARBEK and L. LESUEUR and H. CHAPUIS and A. DEROUSSENT and C. PIOCHE-DURIEUR and A. DAVILLE and J. CARON and M. RIVARD and T. MARTENS and J.R. BERTRAND and E. LE-CAM and G. VASSAL and P. COUVREUR and D. DESMAELE and A. PACI} } @article {1218, title = {Predicting higher heating values of wood from forest biomass nutrient content. }, journal = {Forest Ecology and Management }, year = {2014}, author = {N. BILOT and L. SAINT-ANDRE and Y. ROGAUME and C. BRECHET and L. AUGUSTO and C. DUPOND and G. BODINEAU and C. DELEUZE} } @article {1221, title = {Segregation of wood particles in a bubbling fuidized bed.}, journal = {Fuel Processing Technology}, volume = {133}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {80}, author = {B. CLUET and G. MAUVIEL and Y. ROGAUME and O. AUTHIER and A. DELABARRE} } @article {1217, title = {TG-FTIR kinetic study of the thermal cleaning of wood laminated flooring waste. }, journal = {Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry}, volume = {118}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {141}, author = {M. DEBAL and P. GIRODS and J. LEMONON and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1245, title = {UPLC method for the determination of vitamin E homologue and derivatives in vegetable oils, margarines and supplement capsules using pentafluorophenyl column}, journal = {Talanta}, volume = {130}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {299}, author = {Y. FOO-WONG and A. MAKAHLEH and B. SAAD and M.N. MOHAMAD-IBRAHIM and A.A. RAHIM and N. BROSSE} } @article {655, title = {Characterisation of two maritime pine tannins as wood adhesives}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {2462-2479}, author = {P. NAVARRETE and A. PIZZI and H. PASCH and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {591, title = {Compositions and chemical variability of grape pomaces from french vineyard}, journal = {Ind crops prod}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {251-254}, author = {P. RONDEAU and F. GAMBIER and F. JOLIBERT and N. BROSSE} } @article {603, title = {A comprehensive dual-scale wood torrefaction model : application to the analysis of thermal run-away in industrial heat treatment processes. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer}, journal = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer}, volume = {64}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {838-849}, author = {P. PERRE and R. REMOND and I. TURNER} } @article {639, title = {Condenstion reaction of flavonoid tannins with ammonia}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {44}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {330-335}, author = {F. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and W. RADKE and L. DELMOTTE and J. PARMENTIER} } @article {665, title = {Condenstion reaction of flavonoid tannins with ammonia}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {44}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {330-335}, author = {F. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and W. RADKE and L. DELMOTTE and J. PARMENTIER} } @article {617, title = {Detailed process modeling of a wood gasification combined heat and power plant}, journal = { Biomass \& Bioenergy}, volume = {51}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {68-82}, author = {J. FRANCOIS and L. ABDELOUAHED and G. MAUVIEL and F. PATISSON and O. MIRGAUX and C. ROGAUME and Y. ROGAUME and M. FEIDT and A. DUFOUR} } @article {687, title = {Fast pressing composite using tannin-furfuryl alcohol resin and vegetal fibers reinforcement}, journal = { J.Renewable Mat.}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {311-316}, author = {A. NICOLLIN and X. LI and P. GIRODS and A. PIZZI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {616, title = {Formaldehyde and VOCs emissions from bio-particleboards}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {748-762}, author = {P. NAVARETTE and Z. KEBBI and F. MICHENOT and J. LEMONON and C. ROGAUME and E. MASSON and Y. ROGAUME and A. PIZZI} } @article {609, title = {Index of efficiency for strength grading machines for solid wood}, journal = {European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering}, volume = {17}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {263-269}, author = {G. ROBLOT and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. MOTHE and R. COLLET} } @article {649, title = {An investigation in thermochemical changes in Canadian hardwood species during wood welding. }, journal = {European J.Wood \& Wood Prod.}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {245-257}, author = {B. BELLEVILLE and T. STEVANOVIC and A. CLOUTIER and A. PIZZI and M. PRADO and S. ERAKOVIC and P. DIOUF and M. ROYER} } @article {602, title = {Investigation of oscillating climates for wood drying using the flying wood test and loaded beams : need for a new mechanosorptive model. }, journal = {Maderas Ciencia y tecnologia}, volume = {15}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {269-280}, author = {R. REMOND and M. DE LA CRUZ-LEFEYRE and D. ALEON and P. PERRE} } @article {632, title = {Lightweight tannin foam/composites sandwich panels and the coldset tannin adhesive to assemble them}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {255-260}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and A. SAUGET and A. NICOLLIN and X. LI and A. CELZARD and H. PASCH and K. RODE} } @article {675, title = {MALDI-TOF and 13C NMR analysis of a renewable resource additive {\textendash} Thermoplastic acetylated tannins}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {851-857}, author = {A. NICOLLIN and X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and W.J. GRIGSBY and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {656, title = {MALDI-TOF study of oligomers distribution for stability-durable spray-dried glyoxalated lignin for wood adhesives}, journal = { J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {586-597}, author = {P. NAVARRETE and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and M. VIGNALI and H. PASCH} } @article {667, title = {MALDI-TOF-CID for the Microstructure Elucidation of Polymeric Hydrolysable Tannins}, journal = {J.Appl.Polym.Sci.}, volume = {128}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {97-107}, author = {N. RADEBE and K. RODE and A. PIZZI and S. GIOVANDO and H. PASCH} } @article {659, title = {Microstructure Elucidation of Polyflavonoid Tannins by MALDI-TOF-CID}, journal = {J.Appl.Polym.Sci.}, volume = {127}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1937-1950}, author = {N. RADEBE and K. RODE and A. PIZZI and H. PASCH} } @article {650, title = {Mimosa tannin resins for impregnated paper overlays}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {153-162}, author = {U. HANI-ABDULLAH and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE and H.R. MANSOURI} } @article {618, title = {Modeling of a Biomass Gasification CHP Plant: Influence of Various Parameters on Energetic and Exergetic Efficiencies}, journal = {Energy \& Fuels}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {7398-7412}, author = {J. FRANCOIS and G. MAUVIEL and M. FEIDT and C. ROGAUME and Y. ROGAUME and O. MIRGAUX and F. PATISSON and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1211, title = {modeling of chloride of hydrogen and free chloride emission form thermal treatment of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based plastic materials. }, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {101}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {209}, author = {JPB. KARAMA and A. BERE and J. LEMONON and T. DAHO and A. DISSA and Y. ROGAUME and J. KOULIDIATI} } @article {628, title = {Nitrogen removal from wood laminated flooring waste by low-temperature pyrolysis.}, journal = {Waste Biomass Valor.}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {J. LEMONON and P. GIRODS and C. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME and D. PERRIN} } @article {660, title = {Phenolic resin adhesives based on chestnut hydrolysable tannins Wood Prod. J., 2013, 4(2): 95-100 }, journal = { Intern.Wood Prod.J.}, volume = {4}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {95-100}, author = {S. SPINA and X. ZHOU and C. SEGOVIA and A. PIZZI and M. ROMAGNOLI and S. GIOVANDO and H. PASCH and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1228, title = {Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole/maghnite nanocomposites by in situ intercalative polymerization. }, journal = {International Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {68}, author = {M.A. ZENASNI and B. MEROUFEL and S. BENFARHI and M. CHEHIMI and S. MOLINA and B. GEORGE and M. RAGOUBI and A. MERLIN} } @article {636, title = {Upgrading of MUF Wood Adhesives for Particleboard by Highly-Branched Polymers}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1058-1068}, author = {X. ZHOU and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and X. LI and K. RODE and G. DU} } @article {1224, title = {Caract{\'e}risation exp{\'e}rimentale des transferts coupl{\'e}s de chaleur et de masse dans les enveloppes de constructions en bois}, journal = {Mechanics \& Industry}, volume = {13}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {347}, author = {H. RAFIDIARISON and E. MOUGEL and A. NICOLAS} } @article {528, title = {Characterization of pomegranate peel tannin extractives}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Products}, volume = {40}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {239-246}, author = {H. SAAD and F. CHARRIER-EL-BOUHTOURY and A. PIZZI and K. RODE and B. CHARRIER and N. AYED} } @article {1239, title = {Combination enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol organosolv pretreatments : effect on lignin structures, delignification yields and cellulose-to-glucose conversion }, journal = {Bioressources Technology}, volume = {112}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {156}, author = {P. OBAMA and G. RICOCHON and L. MUNIGLIA and N. BROSSE} } @article {556, title = {Comparison of woods extractives coming from species commonly used in manufactures of wood}, journal = {Oriental Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {28}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {29-39}, author = {S.D. BAKHKHAT and A. DONNOT and A. HAKAM and D. PERRIN and M.O. RIGO and S. DUMARCAY and A. MERLIN and Z. HAMOUTAHRA} } @article {1452, title = {Effect of corona discharge treatment on mechanical and thermal properties of composites based on miscanthus fibres and polylactic acid or polypropylene matrix}, journal = {Composites part A, }, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, pages = {675-685}, author = {RAGOUBI,M and GEORGE,B and MOLINA,S. and BIENAIME,D and MERLIN, A. and J-M,HIVER and DAHOUN,A} } @article {582, title = {Effect of corona discharge treatment on mechanical and thermal properties of composites based on miscanthus fibres and polylactic acid or polypropylene matrix}, journal = {Composites part A}, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {675-685}, author = {M. RAGOUBI and B. GEORGE and S. MOLINA and D. BIENAIME and A. MERLIN and J.-M. HIVER and A. DAHOUN} } @article {586, title = {Energy consumption in the convective drying of solid wood analyzed by a multiscale computational model}, journal = { Drying Technology Journal}, volume = {30}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1136-1146}, author = {P. PERRE and R. REMOND and E. MOUGEL and G. ALMEIDA} } @article {1241, title = {Ethanol organosolv pretreatment of Typha Capensis for bio-ethanol production and co-products }, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {7}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {5917}, author = {I.G. AUDU and N. BROSSE and L. DESHARNAIS and S.K. RAKSHIT} } @article {1212, title = {The fate of trace elements during the combustion of phytoremediation wood. }, journal = {Environmental Science and Technology}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {13361}, author = {M. CHALOT and D. BLAUDEZ and Y. ROGAUME and A.S. PROVENT and C. PASCUAL} } @article {1225, title = {Laboratory experiments on hygrothermal behaviour of real-scale timber walls.}, journal = {Maderas. Ciencia y tecnologia}, volume = {14}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {389}, author = {RH. RAFIDIARISON and E. MOUGEL and A. NICOLAS} } @article {530, title = {Low formaldehyde emitting biobased wood adhesives manufactured from mixtures of tannin and glyoxalated lignin}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1667-1684}, author = {P. NAVARRETE and A. PIZZI and S. TAPIN-LINGUA and B. BENJELLOUN-MLAYAH and H. PASCH and K. RODE and L. DELMOTTE and S. RIGOLET} } @article {1240, title = {Miscanthus: a fast growing crop for bio-fuels and chemicals production }, journal = {Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining}, volume = {6}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {580}, author = {N. BROSSE and A. DUFOUR and M. XIANZHI and Q. SUN and A. RAGAUSKAS} } @article {1150, title = {Modification of tannin based rigid foams using oligomers of a hyperbranched poly(amine-ester).}, journal = {J. Polymer research}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, author = {X. LI and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and K. RODE and D. LE NOUEN and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {585, title = {Moisture diffusion coefficient of reaction woods: compression wood of Picea abies L. and tension wood of Fagus sylvatica L}, journal = { Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {405-417}, author = {A. TARMIAN and R. REMOND and H. DASHTI and P. PERRE} } @article {1268, title = {The optimal design of sheet metal forming processes : Application to the clinching of thin sheets.}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology}, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {110}, author = {N. LEBAAL and M. OUDJENE and S. ROTH} } @article {564, title = {Rational production of veneer by IR-heating of green wood during peeling: Modelling experiments}, journal = {Holzforschung}, volume = {67}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {53-58}, author = {A. DUPLEIX and S. OULD-AHMEDOU and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. ROSSI and M. HUGUES} } @article {707, title = {Corona discharge treatment route to the grafting of modified cyclodextrin molecules onto cellulose}, journal = {Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry Volume}, volume = {70}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {143-152}, author = {BENHADI, S. and RAGOUBI, M. and JOLY, J.P. and MOLINA, S. and GEORGE, B. and BROSSE, N} } @article {1445, title = {Enhancing the exterior performance of wood linear and rotational welding.}, journal = {J. Adh. Sci. Technol.}, volume = {, 25}, year = {2011}, chapter = { 2717-2730 }, author = {PIZZI. A and MANSOURI. H. R and LEBAN. J .M and DELMOTTE. L. and OMRANI. P and PICHELIN. F} } @article {713, title = {Evaluation of grape stalks as a bioresource}, journal = {Industrial Crops Product}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {200-204}, author = {LAN, P and BROSSE, N and SANNIGRAHI, P and X. RAGAUSKAS} } @article {721, title = {Experimental study of wood dust precipitation in a wire-cylinder electrostatic precipitator}, journal = {International Journal of Energy, Enrivonment, and Economics}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, author = {BENAMAR, B. and DONNOT, A. and RIGO, M.O.} } @article {1446, title = {Mass diffusivity of Low Density Fiberboard Determined Under Steady and Unsteady State Conditions: Evidence of dual scale mechanisms in the diffusion.}, journal = {Wood Material Science and Engineering}, volume = { 6(1\&2): 23 }, year = {2011}, author = {REMOND, R. and ALMEIDA, G.} } @article {1426, title = {Synthetic-resin-free wood panel adhesives from low molecular mass lignin and tannin}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod.}, volume = {69}, year = {2011}, chapter = {22}, author = {MANSOURI, H.R. and NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A. and TAPIN-LINGUA, S. and BENJELLOUN-MLAYAH, B. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {734, title = {Dilute Sulphuric Acid and Ethanol Organosolv Pretreatment of Miscanthus x Giganteus}, journal = {Cellulose Chemistry and Technology}, volume = {44}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {71-78}, author = {BROSSE, N. and ELHAGE, R. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {739, title = {Effect of the Severity of the Ethanol Organosolv Process on the Chemical Structure of Ethanol Organosolv Miscanthus Lignins}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {95}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {997-1003}, author = {EL HAGE, R. and BROSSE, N. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAUGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {745, title = {Gluten protein adhesives for wood panels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1583-1596}, author = {LEI, H. and PIZZI, A. and NAVARRETE, P. and RIGOLET, S. and REDL, A. and WAGNER, A.} } @article {761, title = {Impact of corona treated hemp fibre onto mechanical properties of polypropylene composites made thereof. }, journal = {Industrial Crops and products}, volume = {31}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {344-349}, author = {RAGOUBI, M. and BIENAIME, D. and MOLINA, S. and GEORGE, B. and MERLIN, A.} } @article {755, title = {MALDI-TOF and 13C NMR characterisation of maritime pine industrial tannin extract}, journal = { Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {32}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {105-110}, author = {NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and RODE, K. and DELMOTTE, L.} } @article {754, title = {Synthetic-resin-free wood panel adhesives from low molecular mass lignin and tannin}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1597-1610}, author = {NAVARETE, P. and MANSOURI, H.R. and PIZZI, A. and TAPIN-LINGUA, S. and BENJELLOUN-MLAYAH, B. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {846, title = {1,1,3-Trichloro-1H-isoindole as a versatile reagent in the N{\textquoteright},N{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}-1H-isoindole-1,3-diylidenedicarbohydrazide synthesis}, journal = {Tetrahedron}, volume = {65}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {6218-6225}, author = {HORDIYENKO, O.V. and RUDENKO, I.V. and BIITSEVA, A.V. and TUROV, A.V. and ARRAULT, A. and BROSSE, N. and FABRE, O. and JAMART-GREGOIRE, B. and ZUBATYUK, R.I. and SHISHKIN, O.V.} } @article {887, title = {Activated carbon prepared from wood particleboard wastes : characterization and phenol adsorption capacities}, journal = {Journal of Hazardous materials}, volume = {166}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {491-501}, author = {GIRODS, P. and DUFOUR, A. and FIERRO, V. and ROGAUME, Y. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {843, title = {Characterization of milled wood lignin and ethanol organosolv lignin from Miscanthus}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {94}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1632-1638}, author = {ELHAGE, R. and BROSSE, N. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and SANCHEZ, C. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {888, title = {Comparison of gasification and pyrolysis of thermal pre-treated wood board waste}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {85}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {171-183}, author = {GIRODS, P. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, Y. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {889, title = {Diagnostic environnemental du chauffage au bois dans les appareils ind{\'e}pendants}, journal = {Pollution atmosph{\'e}rique}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {135-154}, author = {ROGAUME, C. and ROGAUME, Y. and ZOULALIAN, A. and TROUVE, G.} } @article {865, title = {High resin content natural matrix-natural fibre biocomposites}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {30}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {235-240}, author = {PIZZI, A. and KUENY, R. and LECOANET, F. and MASSETAU, B. and CARPENTIER, D. and KREBS, A. and LOISEAU, F. and MOLINA, S. and RAGOUBI, M.} } @article {890, title = {La combustion du bois et de la biomasse}, journal = {Pollution atmosph{\'e}rique}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {65-82}, author = {ROGAUME, Y.} } @article {866, title = {Polymer structure of commercial hydrolisable tannins by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {113}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {3847-3859}, author = {PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and RODE, K. and GIOVANDO, S.} } @article {841, title = {Pretreatment of Miscanthus x giganteus using the ethanol organosolv process for ethanol production.}, journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research}, volume = {48}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {8328-8334}, author = {BROSSE, N. and SANNIGRAHI, P. and RAGAUSKAS, A.} } @article {884, title = {Synthesis gas production by biomass pyrolysis : effect of reactor temperature on product distribution}, journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy}, volume = {34}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1726-1734}, author = {DUFOUR, A. and GIRODS, P. and MASSON, E. and ROGAUME, Y. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {844, title = {Synthetic tannins structure by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {114}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1339-1347}, author = {GIOVANDO, S. and PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H. and RODE, K.} } @article {849, title = {Wood preservation by a mixed anhydride treatment {\textendash} A 13C NMR investigation on simple models of polymeric wood constituents.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {112}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {44-51}, author = {LYON, F. and THEVENON, M.F. and PIZZI, A. and TONDI, G. and DESPRES, A. and GRIL, J. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {897, title = {Environment-friendly soy flour-based resins without formaldehyde}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {108}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {624-632}, author = {AMARAL-LABAT, G.A. and PIZZI, A. and GONCALVES, A.R. and CELZARD, A. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {916, title = {Initial stages of Fagus sylvatica wood colonization by the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor : enzymatic characterization}, journal = {International Biodeterioration \& Degradation}, volume = {61}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {287-293}, author = {LEKOUNOUGOU, S. and MOUNGUENGUI, S. and DUMARCAY, S. and ROSE, C. and COURTY, P.E. and GARBAYE, J. and GERARDIN, P. and JACQUOT, J.P. and GELHAYE, E.} } @article {938, title = {Low temperature pyrolysis of wood waste containing urea-formaldehyde resin}, journal = {Renewable energy}, volume = {33}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {648-654}, author = {GIRODS, P. and ROGAUME, Y. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {936, title = {Pyrolysis of wood waste containing urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {1}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {113-120}, author = {GIRODS, P. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, Y. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {937, title = {Thermal removal of nitrogen species from wood waste containing urea formaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde resins}, journal = {Journal of Hazardous materials}, volume = {159}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {210-221}, author = {GIRODS, P. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, Y. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {939, title = {Two step process of thermo-chemical conversion of wood waste contaminated by aminoplast resins}, journal = {International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering}, volume = {6}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, author = {GIRODS, P. and ROGAUME, Y. and DUFOUR, A. and ROGAUME, C. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {973, title = {Analysis of dowelled timber to timber moment-resisting joints}, journal = {Materials and Structures}, volume = {40}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {1127-1141}, author = {BOUCHAIR, A. and RACHER, P. and BOCQUET, J-F.} } @article {970, title = {A comparison of two methods of measuring wood pyrolysis tars}, journal = {Journal of Chromatography A}, volume = {1164}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {240-247}, author = {DUFOUR, A. and GIRODS, P. and MASSON, E. and NORMAND, S. and ROGAUME, Y. and ZOULALIAN, A.} } @article {984, title = {The effect of temperature and moisture content on the mechanical behaviour of wood: a comprehensive model applied to drying and bending}, journal = {European Journal of Mechanics}, volume = {26}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {558-572}, author = {REMOND, R. and PASSARD, J. and PERRE, P.} } @article {981, title = {Full-scale (Industrial) wood floor assembly and structures by welded through dowels}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {65}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {149-156}, author = {BOCQUET, J.F. and PIZZI, A. and RESCH, L.} } @article {966, title = {Wettability of waterborne coatings on chemically and thermally modified pine wood}, journal = {Journal of Coating Technology}, volume = {4}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {203-206}, author = {PETRIC, M. and KNEHTL, A. and KRAUSE, A. and MILITZ, H. and PETRISSANS, M. and RAPP, A. and TOMAZIC, M. and WELTZBACHER, C. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {980, title = {Wood joints and laminated wood beams assembled by mechanically welded wood dowels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {301-317}, author = {BOCQUET, J.F. and PIZZI, A. and DESPRES, A. and MANSOURI, H.R. and RESCH, L. and MICHEL, D. and LETORT, F.} } @article {1428, title = {Condensed tannin reactivity inhibition by internal rearrangements: Detection by CP-MAS 13C NMR, }, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, volume = {13}, chapter = {59-68}, author = {NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A. and BERTAUD, F and RIGOLET, S.} }