@article {1867, title = { Beech wood treated with polyglycerol succinate: a new effective method for its protection and stabilization }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {74}, year = {2020}, pages = {351-361}, abstract = {

This paper deals with an original and non-biocidal chemical treatment consisting of a vacuum/pressure impregnation step of beech wood with a water-borne mixture made from heat-activated condensation of succinic anhydride (SA) and glycerol (G). Chemical structures of adducts were established using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF) investigations. Beech wood was impregnated and cured in order to induce in situ polymerization of glycerol/succinic adducts (GSA) in the cell walls, leading to the formation of polyglycerol succinate (PGS) polyester. Various treatment conditions were investigated depending on the duration (6-72 h) and curing temperature (103-160 degrees C). Weight percent gains (WPGs) ranging between 40 and 60\% were obtained. Attenuated total reflectance-middle infrared spectroscopy (ATR-MIR) and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C-13-NMR) spectroscopy confirmed polyester formation. A curing temperature of 160 degrees C was found to be the best condition to totally avoid polymer leaching, and brought the anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) up to 64\%. Decay resistance of PGS-treated wood against Trametes versicolor and Coniophora puteana was also strongly temperature and time dependent: performances fit with the EN113 standard requirements if a curing temperature of 160 degrees C was applied.

}, author = {C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and E. FREDON and M.F. THEVENON and F.J. SANTIAGO-MEDINA and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1874, title = { Building incorporated bio-based materials: Experimental and numerical study }, journal = { JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING }, volume = {28}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In building environments, several research on dynamic moisture storage in hygroscopic building materials has improved interest in moisture buffering capacity of bio-based materials and demonstrated the potential of these materials to improve thermal comfort and buildings energy consumption. This paper presents an investigation, which aims to compare the hygroscopic behavior of different bio-based materials to identify their hygric proprieties. For this, an experimental facility is used to measure the moisture buffer value (MBV) for different categories of building materials. Thereafter, a dynamic simulation has been carried out by using TRNSYS software in order to evaluate heating and cooling loads. The results showed that the wood-cement composite still has excellent moisture regulator when compared to wood panels or fibrous materials. It has a buffer capacity superior to 3 [g/m(2).\% RH] very close to that of wood fiber panels. The simulation results of the different cases showed that the insulation reduces significantly total energy demand, but it does not lead heat evacuation in the summer season. Thus, from this study, it can be concluded that a natural ventilation mechanism is recommended to improve energy efficiency in the building.

}, author = {F. MNASRI and S. BAHRIA and M.E.A. SLIMANI and O. LAHOUCINE and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1847, title = { Characterization and 3D printability of poly (lactic acid)/acetylated tannin composites }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {149}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) printing filament prepared from poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and acetylated tannin via a twin-screw extruder was reported. The impact of acetylated tannin loading content on the final properties of the resulting composite materials and their 3D printability were investigated. The experimental results indicate that PLA can be compounded with up to 20 wt\% acetylated tannin without any obvious deterioration in the tensile property. The resulting composites acquired better degradation rate in aquatic system compared with neat PLA, especially in alkaline medium. Moreover, all composites are printable and showed generally good printing quality with brown color, however, this is limited to temperatures reasonably below 220 degrees C to avoid printing defects, especially at high loadings of acetylated tannin.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02508080}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and A. PIZZI and S. HOPPE and X.J. ZHOU and G.B. DU} } @article {1871, title = { Characterization and Preparation of Furanic-Glyoxal Foams }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, pages = {692}, abstract = {

Synthetic foams have become an essential industrial product for a great variety of applications. Furfuryl alcohol, as a biomass chemical, was reacted with glyoxal at room temperature to prepare furanic-glyoxal rigid foams, and p-toluenesulfonic acid was used as a catalyst to initiate the reaction. Foams with different molar ratios (furfuryl alcohol/glyoxal) were prepared in this work, and uniform cells foams have been obtained. Their compression resistance, 24-h water absorption, density, and other basic properties were tested. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the cellular morphology of the foams prepared, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) helped to understand their thermal and combustion properties, and FTIR and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight (MALDI ToF) mass spectroscopy to explain the structure of the resulting foams to clarify the reactions occurring during foaming. The results show that the compression resistance of furanic-glyoxal foams declined as the furfuryl alcohol/glyoxal ratio decreases also. SEM observations revealed that foams with open-cell were obtained when furfuryl alcohol was added in greater amounts, and more closed cell structures were formed as the proportion of glyoxal increased. TGA results showed that the initial ignition temperature of furanic-glyoxal foams is similar to 200 degrees C higher than that of wood, and the smaller comprehensive combustion index S (about 0.15 x 10(-7) (\%2 K-3 min(-2))) indicates that the foam burns slowly and has poor flammability, that is, it is not easy to burn.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and H. LEI and G.B. DU and X.J. ZHOU and Y.Y. LIN} } @article {1861, title = { Condensed tannin-glucose-based NIPU bio-foams of improved fire retardancy }, journal = { POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY }, volume = {175}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Glucose-based self-blowing non-isocyanate polyurethanes foams were prepared in our previous work. They showed excellent properties comparable to commercial foams by just using a simple preparation procedure. These foams, nevertheless, present a critical drawback that is their flammability. In the research presented here a natural phenolic compound, condensed tannin, was tested as a flame-retardant to improve the fire resistance of glucose-based NIPU foams. A number of tannin-substituted glucose-based NIPU foams (mimosa tannin replacing glucose at 0\%, 25\% and 50\%, respectively) were prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), ignition experiment and limiting oxygen index (LOI). Other physical and mechanical properties, such as foaming processes, density, compression strength, etc. were also investigated. The results indicated that the tannin-modified glucose-based NIPU foams (T/G (1/3)-Fs and (T/G (1/1)-Fs)) exhibit smaller mean cell size, improved compression strength and higher density than (T/G (0/4)-Fs). The FT-IR analysis showed that urethane linkages were formed, the chemical structure of glucose-based NIPU foam being nonetheless preserved even if the glucose was partially replaced by the condensed tannin. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the presence of condensed tannin decreased the thermal stability of the tannin-glucose NIPU foam composites slightly. In addition, ignition experiments were also carried out in which the glucose-based NIPU foams with a condensed tannin showed longer burning time than neat (T/G (0/4)-Fs). Finally, limiting oxygen index (LOI) values from 17.5\% to 25.5\%, show a higher value with the increasing condensed tannin substitution.

}, author = {X.Y. CHEN and J.X. LI and X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and X.J. ZHOU and E. FREDON and G.B. DU and C. GERARDIN} } @article {1859, title = { Effect of vacuum hot pressing on the bonding quality and heat transfer performance of plywood }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {441-447}, abstract = {

Vacuum technology was applied to the hot-pressing technology of plywood production with phenolic resin (PF). For plywood with the same number of layers, veneers were hot-pressed with conventional and vacuum hot-pressing processes respectively at the same hot-pressing time. Varying layers (3, 9 and 15-layers) and spread quantities (220 g m(-2), 260 g m(-2), 300 g m(-2)) were applied. Heat transfer performance of the assembly, polymerization extent of PF, and bonding quality of plywood were examined by thermocouple and humidity sensors, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence microscope and bonding strength measurement. The results indicated that, compared to conventional hot pressing, the temperature of the central layer of the assembly vacuum hot-pressed was significantly increased by about 20-30 degrees C and the adhesive cured more quickly. The hot-pressing method had a significant influence on the bonding strength of plywood, with an enhancement of the bonding strength to wood failure ratio of 48.37\% and 33.55\%, respectively. The adhesive between adjacent laminates formed a continuously dense layer with more connection points, leading to excellent mechanical meshing and high bonding quality. In addition, vacuum hot pressing can eliminate the influence of adhesive position on bonding strength and make the mechanical properties of plywood tend to be uniform in thickness direction. Under the experimental conditions, the variable energy cost of 15-ply plywood with 1 m(3) produced by vacuum hot pressing was 3.83\% less than that of conventional hot pressing, and the plywood could still maintain good bonding strength at low spread quantity.

}, author = {L. HONG and Q. HE and Z.H. JU and H.Y. ZHANG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1864, title = { Effects of Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf cutting modes on bonding performance of its protein-based adhesives }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {78}, year = {2020}, pages = {461-470}, abstract = {

Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf protein was used as a biomass feedstock to prepare wood adhesives, and the influence of cutting modes (cutting frequencies and cutting heights) on leaf protein content and reactivity was studied in this paper. Bonding performance of Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf protein-based adhesives were evaluated by shear strength of plywood. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze them. The results indicated that: (1) the leaf protein content gradually increased as the cutting height increased, but it presented a decreasing trend as the cutting frequency increased. When the cutting frequency is two times per year and the cutting height is 30 cm, this leaf protein-based adhesive exhibited the best bonding strength with 0.75 MPa. (2) Cutting frequency and cutting height have no significant correlations to the reactivity of leaf protein with the crosslinker. (3) DSC and FTIR indicated that both leaf protein content and reactivity appeared to exert an influence on the bonding properties of the protein adhesives, and the latter is more pronounced. (4) TG and SEM analyses indicated that under different cutting modes, leaf protein content, especially protein reactivity, had a great effect on the thermal properties of the adhesives. (5) Contact angle analysis showed that Broussonetiapapyrifera leaf protein-based adhesives had good wettability on wood surfaces. Under different cutting modes with the difference of leaf protein content and reactivity, the crosslinking degree of the adhesives with crosslinker and compactness of the cured adhesives were different and thus affect their bonding strength and water resistance.

}, author = {Z.G. WU and X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and Y.F. XIA and Q.X. ZHAO and H. LEI and J.K. LIANG} } @article {1846, title = { Facile preparation of high anti-fungal performance wood by high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION }, volume = {260}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

In this study, in order to improve the anti-fungal performance of wood material, a facile, efficient and eco-friendly method was proposed for wood modification under the synergistic effect of silver particles and high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) treatment. Poplar wood, a vulnerable to decay species, was hot-pressed by silver electrode plates and exposed simultaneously to HVEF. The chemical characteristics and anti-fungal performance of treated wood were investigated in details. Under HVEF treatment, silver particles were triggered to different oxidized forms and bound with polar groups in the wood cell wall. Decreased O/C element ratio and -OH groups and increased C-H and C=O bonds in treated wood were observed by the X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. After 24h of HVEF treatment, high concentration (10.71\%) of well-distributed silver particles appeared in mapping graphs. Laboratory anti-fungal tests showed that mass losses of treated wood samples decreased significantly (\<1\%) after exposing to rot fungi. The highest leaching percentage of silver in treated samples was 3.94\%. These results indicated that the synergistic effect of silver particles and HVEF treatment enhanced the fungal-resistance performance of wood. Moreover, this approach could be regarded as a facile, efficient and eco-friendly modification to broaden the outdoor-use potential of wood.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02508085}, author = {Q. HE and T.Y. ZHAN and H.Y. ZHANG and Z.H. JU and L. HONG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1856, title = { Mining the Biosynthetic Potential for Specialized Metabolism of a Streptomyces Soil Community }, journal = { ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL }, volume = {9}, year = {2020}, pages = {271}, abstract = {

The diversity and distribution of specialized metabolite gene clusters within a community of bacteria living in the same soil habitat are poorly documented. Here we analyzed the genomes of 8 Streptomyces isolated at micro-scale from a forest soil that belong to the same species or to different species. The results reveal high levels of diversity, with a total of 261 biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) encoding metabolites such as terpenes, polyketides (PKs), non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) with potential bioactivities. A significant part of these BGCs (n = 53) were unique to only one strain when only 5 were common to all strains. The metabolites belong to very diverse chemical families and revealed that a large diversity of metabolites can potentially be produced in the community. Although that analysis of the global metabolome using GC-MS revealed that most of the metabolites were shared between the strains, they exhibited a specific metabolic pattern. We also observed that the presence of these accessory pathways might result from frequent loss and gain of genes (horizontal transfer), showing that the potential of metabolite production is a dynamic phenomenon in the community. Sampling Streptomyces at the community level constitutes a good frame to discover new biosynthetic pathways and it appears as a promising reservoir for the discovery of new bioactive compounds.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02619232}, author = {M. NICAULT and A.R. TIDJANI and A. GAUTHIER and S. DUMARCAY and E. GELHAYE and C. BONTEMPS and P. LEBLOND} } @article {1850, title = { One-step compatibilization of poly(lactic acid) and tannin via reactive extrusion }, journal = { MATERIALS \& DESIGN }, volume = {191}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The compatibility issue between poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and tannin is a big challenge for preparing PLA/tannin biocomposites with enhanced properties. In this work, composites with enhanced properties have been accomplished using an efficient one-step reactive extrusion method with the help of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (p-MDI) or 3-aminopropytriethoxysilane (APS). The extent of compatibility achieved via the one-step was evaluated by tensile, morphological, rheological, and thermal properties. The obtained results indicated that the adhesion promoters, especially p-MDI, contributed efficiently to an improved tensile behavior of the resulting composites with a tough tensile-fracture surface compared with incompatibilized PLA/tannin composite. Moreover, these composites displayed a plateau-like rheological behavior, enhanced complex viscosity, higher melting and thermal degradation temperature. This approach can be potentially adapted to other PLA/biopolymers composite systems.

}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-02495239/}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and S. HOPPE and G. DU and X.J. ZHOU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1865, title = { Preparation and Characterization of Condensed Tannin Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) Rigid Foams by Ambient Temperature Blowing }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Ambient temperature self-blowing mimosa tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) rigid foam was produced, based on a formulation of tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) resin. A citric acid and glutaraldehyde mixture served as a blowing agent used to provide foaming energy and cross-link the tannin-derived products to synthesize the NIPU foams. Series of tannin-based NIPU foams containing a different amount of citric acid and glutaraldehyde were prepared. The reaction mechanism of tannin-based NIPU foams were investigated by Fourier Trasform InfraRed (FT-IR), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, and C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-13 NMR). The results indicated that urethane linkages were formed. The Tannin-based NIPU foams morphology including physical and mechanical properties were characterized by mechanical compression, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). All the foams prepared showed a similar open-cell morphology. Nevertheless, the number of cell-wall pores decreased with increasing additions of glutaraldehyde, while bigger foam cells were obtained with increasing additions of citric acid. The compressive mechanical properties improved with the higher level of crosslinking at the higher amount of glutaraldehyde. Moreover, the TGA results showed that the tannin-based NIPU foams prepared had similar thermal stability, although one of them (T-Fs-7) presented the highest char production and residual matter, approaching 18.7\% at 790 degrees C.

}, author = {X.Y. CHEN and X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and E. FREDON and X.J. ZHOU and J.X. LI and C. GERARDIN and G.B. DU} } @article {1868, title = { Tannin plywood bioadhesives with non-volatile aldehydes generation by specific oxidation of mono- and disaccharides }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {98}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Sodium periodate has been shown to cleave glucose by specific oxidation to yield a number of non-volatile aldehydes which can react with the phenolic compounds in tannin extract and lead to tannin cross-linking and hardening. This approach to prepare a tannin resin useable for wood adhesives can be used by either treating with periodate a mixture of tannin and glucose, or to treat glucose beforehand with periodate to cleave it and generate the aldehydes, and only afterwards to mix it with the tannin. The results obtained with these two methods are identical, but the latter method avoids oxidation of tannin. The aldehydes were generated either by direct cleavage of glucose C-C bonds carrying vicinal oriented hydroxyls, or by recombination of the aldehydes so formed by aldol condensation or by water elimination between two aldehyde groups. MALDI ToF analysis indicated that all the three types of aldehydes appeared to react with the polyphenols in the tannin. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and plywood bonded with the tannin + glucose + periodate mixes gave good bonding results, with dry, 24 h cold water soaking and 3 h at 63 degrees C shear strength values improving concomitantly to the proportion of periodate used for the oxidation step.

}, author = {X. XI and A. PIZZI and C.R. FRIHART and L. LORENZ and C. GERARDIN} } @article {1845, title = { Towards experimental and numerical assessment of the vibrational serviceability comfort of adhesive free laminated timber beams and CLT panels assembled using compressed wood dowels }, journal = { ENGINEERING STRUCTURES }, volume = {216}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations on the vibrational serviceability performance of novel adhesive free engineered wood products (AFEWPs), namely adhesive free laminated timber beams (AFLB) and adhesive free cross-laminated timber panels (AFCLT), assembled through thermo-mechanically compressed wood dowels (CWD). The laminations composing the AFEWPs are made of oak timber while the CWD are made of spruce. The experimental modal analyses were carried out under free-free conditions using a hammer impact. Natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios were assessed experimentally. In addition, similar glued beams made of oak timber (conventional glulam) were manufactured and tested for comparison purpose. A predictive 3D FE model was developed and validated by comparison against experimental data and then used to predict the vibrational behavior of a realistic flooring system made with AFCLT panel and measuring 4.5 m x 5.5 m. The predicted FE results were discussed with regard to the Eurocode 5 vibrational serviceability design requirements showing acceptable vibrational performance. The variability level of the results for the AFEWPs is also studied and discussed.

}, author = {T.A. BUI and M. OUDJENE and P. LARDEUR and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1794, title = { Assessment of hygrothermal behavior of newly straw-rape concrete material in various conditions }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {55}, year = {2019}, pages = {2785-2796}, abstract = {

This article focuses on study of hygrothermal behavior of building made of new bio-concrete based on straw-rape. The assessment was conducted using a numerical study, performed using a coupled heat and mass transfer model which takes into account the temperature dependence of the moisture retention curve. The model consists on coupling of envelope model with mono-zone building ambient air model which takes into account ventilation, occupants production and internal inertia in term of thermal and moisture buffering. The model of building envelope was validated by comparison against experimental data carried out on real scale wall. The results reveal that considering moisture retention curve as a temperature-dependent property leads to better prediction of the relative humidity variation in the material, whereas it has weak influence on temperature variations. However, the overall isothermal model may be enough to predict the temperature and relative humidity variations of the indoor ambient air of building. Results have showed good contribution of the internal thermal inertia to reduce temperature variation of the ambient air of building. In addition, simulations highlighted strong capacity, of the straw-rape concrete, to damp the high variations of outdoor relative humidity for all considered climates, especially in desert climate. This effect conduces to avoid accumulation of moisture in the material thus it may rise the life service of the wall.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02350660}, author = {M. RAHIM and R. DJEDJIG and O. DOUZANE and T. LANGLET and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1828, title = { Catalytic effects of potassium on biomass pyrolysis, combustion and torrefaction }, journal = { APPLIED ENERGY }, volume = {235}, year = {2019}, pages = {346-355}, abstract = {

Potassium is a natural catalyst in biomass thermochemical conversion and plays an essential role in plant\&$\#$39;s growth. To figure out the catalytic effects of potassium on the thermochemical behaviors of biomass, the pyrolysis, combustion, and torrefaction characteristics of rubber wood are comprehensively studied using a thermogravimetric analyzer where the biomass is impregnated by potassium carbonate (K2CO3) at different concentrations. The impregnated potassium is clearly exhibited in the spectra of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, while X-ray diffraction indicate that the cellulose crystallinity decreases with increasing the potassium concentration which increases the biomass reactivity in pyrolysis. The ignition temperature of the potassium-impregnated biomass is lowered slightly when compared with the raw biomass; alternatively, its burnout temperature is reduced profoundly, suggesting that the addition of potassium into the biomass can substantially intensify its oxidative reactivity. Considering the treated biomass torrefaction, its cellulose decomposition at 250 degrees C is intensified, rendering a reduction in the solid yield with increasing potassium concentration. With the same mass loss at 200-300 degrees C, at least 28\% of torrefaction time can be saved for the potassium-impregnated biomass. Accordingly, the catalytic effect of potassium on biomass thermochemical conversion is clearly outlined. Moreover, the produced potassium-rich biochar is conducive to the developments of carbon storage, soil amendment, and negative emissions technologies.

}, author = {M. SAFAR and B.J. LIN and W.H. CHEN and D. LANGAUER and J.S. CHANG and H. RACLAVSKA and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1803, title = { Determination and modeling of the isotherms of adsorption/desorption and thermodynamic properties of obeche and lotofa using nelson{\textquoteright}s sorption model }, journal = { HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER }, volume = {55}, year = {2019}, pages = {2185-2197}, abstract = {

Equilibrium moisture content (EMC), net isosteric heat of sorption (NIHS), net entropy of sorption (NES) and standard free energy of Gibbs (SFEG) of Triplochiton scleroxylon (obeche) and Sterculia rhinopetala (lotofa) are modeled using Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption isotherm model. Experimental data are determined using a dynamic vapor sorption apparatus. Air relative humidity is ranged from 0 to 90\% and two air temperatures (20 degrees C and 40 degrees C) are used. Experimental data of EMCs obtained from adsorption and desorption for the mentioned woods were compared with the predicted results using Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption model by the application of the same operating conditions (i.e. temperatures and relative humidity conditions). The results showed that the predicted ones were in good agreement with the experimental data, when the relative humidity varied from 1.2 to 90\%. Both adsorption and desorption phase presented a mean relative errors value inferior to 6.3\%. The parameters that define the sorption isotherm varied with the wood type and the sorption mode. Thus, Nelson\&$\#$39;s sorption isotherm model is a useful tool that can be used for prediction of the moisture change in wood under different environmental conditions and for predicting indirectly the thermodynamic parameters such as NIHS, NES and SFEG. In adsorption and desorption mode, the NIHS are estimated using Clausius-Clapeyron\&$\#$39;s equation. The desorption values were higher than the adsorption ones. NIHS versus EMC varied exponentially and the parameters of the function were presented variable with the sorption mode and the wood type. The total energy that we needed to extract and evaporate all bounded water is 12,398.6 J/mol for obeche and 11,627.7J/mol for lotofa. The total energy that we needed to condense and fix all bounded water taken from the state vapour is 11,829.34 J/mol for obeche and 11,379.39 J/mol for lotofa. Water molecules are more mobile during desorption than adsorption in the case of obeche. In the case of lotofa, these molecules are more mobile during adsorption. SFEG is higher in desorption than adsorption and it is influenced by species and less by the temperature. When the temperature increased, the SFEG increased as well. At low values of EMC, NIHS and SFEG are higher and decreased with the increase of EMC until reaching the fibre saturation point.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521244/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and L. BENNAMOUN and A. LEONARD and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1799, title = { Determination of phenolic compounds by MALDI-TOF and essential oil composition by GC-MS during three development stages of Origanum majorana L. }, journal = { BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY }, volume = {33}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the maturation process of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) on essential oil composition, the phenolic profile of ethanolic extract and their antioxidant capacities. The essential oil composition was studied at three stages of maturity by GC-MS. Thirty compounds were detected representing 100\% of the total essential oil. p-Menth-1-en-4-ol was the major compound (37.15-76.94\%) followed by cyclohexanol-3,3,5 trimethyl (5.41-15.99\%) and alpha-terpineol (0.94-11.34\%). During the maturation process, an accumulation of oxygenated monoterpenes was observed. The phenolic composition was studied using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight. The analysis showed the presence of short flavonoid monomers at all stages of maturation. The antioxidant capacity of ethanolic extracts and essential oils was evaluated using the DPPH assay, iron chelating power and reducing power assay. The highest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were found at flowering stage. These findings on essential oil composition, phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of O. majorana at three different stages of development provide more information on how these secondary metabolites are accumulated.

}, author = {A. KHADHRI and I. BOUALI and C. AOUADHI and M.C. LAGEL and E. MASSON and A. PIZZI} } @article {1837, title = { DEVELOPMENT OF MIMOSA TANNIN-BASED ADHESIVE CROSS-LINKED BY FURFURYL ALCOHOL- FORMALDEHYDE AND EPOXY RESINS }, journal = { WOOD RESEARCH }, volume = {64}, year = {2019}, pages = {847-858}, abstract = {

A furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde resin was synthesized as a crosslinker in our laboratory to develop a mimosa tannin-based adhesive with good water resistance. C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy indicated that furfuryl alcohol reacted with formaldehyde under acidic conditions and that-CH (-OH) - groups to be the ones involved in the crosslinking of mimosa tannin-furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde adhesive (TFF). The wet shear strength of TFF-bonded plywood suggested that the cured TFF adhesive was better than mimosa tannin-furfuryl alcohol (TF) adhesive. The water resistance of TFF adhesive cross-linked with 9\% epoxy resin was also higher than those of TFF and TF adhesives.

}, author = {J. ZHANG and L.H. XIONG and X.J. ZHOU and G.B. DU and J.K. LIANG and X.D. XI} } @article {1842, title = { Dynamically Cross-Linked Tannin as a Reinforcement of Polypropylene and UV Protection Properties }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Tannins were used as reinforcing components for polypropylene with anti-UV properties via dynamic curing extrusion. The influence of cross-linked tannins in different weight fraction and their anti-UV capacity on morphological, mechanical, rheological, crystallize and thermal properties were studied. The experimental results indicated that the cross-linked tannins improve Young\&$\#$39;s modulus, crystallinity, and thermal stability and reinforce the internal network of polypropylene. After UV accelerated weathering, polypropylene had fewer surface cracks, lower carbonyl index, fewer crystallinity decreases and less mechanical properties loss with increasing tannin content.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01977584}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and A. PIZZI and S. HOPPE} } @article {1836, title = { EFFECTS OF HEAT-TREATMENT ON BONDING PERFORMANCE OF BETULA ALNOIDES }, journal = { WOOD RESEARCH }, volume = {64}, year = {2019}, pages = {1045-1054}, abstract = {

Heat-treatment woods of Betula alnoides were prepared by using vapor as the heat-conducting medium. Effects of heat-treatment time and heat-treatment temperature on equilibrium moisture content, density, pH value, contact angle and bonding performance of Benda alnoides were discussed in this paper. The results indicated that: (1) With the increase of heat-treatment temperature, the equilibrium moisture content, density and pH value of Betula alnoides decreased gradually. (2) With the increase of heat-treatment temperature, the contact angle of Betula alnoides increased from 70.08 degrees to about 100 degrees, resulting in the reduction of bonding strength gradually. Bonding strength of Betula alnoides after heat-treatment was related with the used adhesive. Bonding strength of different adhesives decreased to different extents. The bonding strength of Betula alnoides wood with polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) resin was generally higher than that of melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin. The former were 6.35-4.56 MPa, and the latter were 5.60-3.00 MPa. (3) Heat-treatment time influenced equilibrium moisture content, density, contact angle, pH value and bonding strength of Betula alnoides less than heat-treatment temperature. (4) Heat-treatment could affect strength and surface performance of Betula alnoides greatly and the processing medium should be extended.

}, author = {Z.G. WU and S.C. CHEN and M.F. TIAN and L.F. LI and L.P. YU and X.D. XI and J.K. LIANG and B.G. ZHANG and H. LEI and J. ZHANG and T.A. CHEN} } @article {1808, title = { Glutaraldehyde-wheat gluten protein adhesives for wood bonding }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION }, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Wheat gluten protein hydrolysate was used as a biomass feedstock to prepare environmentally friendly protein-based adhesives, with hydrolyzed wheat protein as control. Glutaraldehyde was used to modify it to obtain a glutaraldehyde-wheat protein (GP) adhesive. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was also used as a crosslinking agent. Plywood has been prepared and tested, and its performance was used to measure the wheat gluten protein hydrolysate adhesive bonding performance. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermomechanical analysis (TMA) were used to analyze the adhesive thermal properties and the microstructures of the cured adhesives by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that modification by glutaraldehyde can effectively improve the bonding performance of wheat protein adhesives, the plywood bonded strength having been improved by its addition. The effect of PEI as a crosslinking agent became evident. It can greatly improve the bonding properties of glutaraldehyde-modified wheat protein adhesives. TMA analysis indicates that the glutaraldehyde-modified GP adhesive has a higher storage modulus than the unmodified one. The modulus of the adhesive increased after adding the PEI cross-linking agent.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and J.J. LIAO and S. AMIROU and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1843, title = { Influence of high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on bonding characteristics of Masson (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) veneer composites }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {77}, year = {2019}, pages = {105-114}, abstract = {

For the first time, it was experimented with high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) for the optimization of the bonding process of urea formaldehyde (UF) resin to wood. Varying HVEF treatment times (0-8min) and intensities (5-20kV) were applied. Wood surface characteristics, polymerization extent of UF, and bonding interphase of UF to wood were examined by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, dynamic contact angle goniometers, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray densitometer, fluorescence microscope and bonding strength measurement. The results indicated that HVEF treatments applied to wood veneer induced a decrease in contact angles and an increase in the free radicals of wood, and surface energy varied with treatment times and intensities. These varieties were because triggered free electrons, broken chemical bonds and new ions appeared on the wood surface with HVEF treatment. An aggregated performance was obviously obtained in micrographs and vertical density profiles (VPDs). It was explained that resin penetration into wood structure was significantly shallow, and resin concentration and density at bonding interphase were more enhanced than the control. This is due to the increment of surface energy and lower contact angles providing more chances for possible reactions of wood surface with the UF resin. Resin penetration depth and density varied with different treatment times and intensities. Increased cross-linking extent of UF was obtained under varied conditions of HVEF treatment. The bonding strength was measured as a function of treatment times and intensities respectively; it increased by 85\% and the wood failure ratio significantly increased by 70\% under HVEF treatment (20kV, 8min) due to the aggregation performance and more cross-linked UF resin. It was manifested that both treatment time and intensity play a significant role in HVEF treatment, and HVEF treatment has a significant influence on the characteristics of the wood surface and the bonding properties of wood composites.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289753}, author = {Q. HE and T.Y. ZHAN and Z.H. JU and H.Y. ZHANG and L. HONG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1832, title = { Integration of the PCM with intra-ventilation for improved thermal and inertial characteristics of the building envelope }, journal = { EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS }, volume = {84}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Several solutions based on phase change materials (PCM) are used for the thermal regulation of buildings. In this study, a combination of the inertial effect of PCM and intra-ventilation regulation is proposed. The purpose is to increase the thermal inertia of the building envelope leading to a fast passive and active cooling of the indoor environment. The principle of the solution is the use of a polymer-stabilized paraffin in external walls integrating ventilation pipes. For that, an experimental study of a hollow concrete block with PCM and ventilation tubes is conducted to test its thermal response. Gathered to this part, a 3D numerical model is developed under COMSOL Multiphysics (R). The obtained simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data. A parametric study is then performed including its actual characteristics against several conditions; it is revealed that the use of PCM gathered to the ventilation tubes enhances the thermal phase shift. It is stated that the forced ventilation through the tubes makes it possible to manage the energy and contribute to the renewal of the air.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02076663}, author = {A. LAAOUATNI and M. MARTAJI and R. BENNACER and M. EL-OMARI and L. BIN and M. EL-GANAOUI and A. Merabtine} } @article {1818, title = { Modeling and prediction of devolatilization and elemental composition of wood during mild pyrolysis in a pilot-scale reactor }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {131}, year = {2019}, pages = {357-370}, abstract = {

Mild pyrolysis, operated at 200-300 degrees C in an inert atmosphere, is a promising technology to produce sustainable materials (i.e., heat treated woods for construction and building) and solid fuels (i.e., torrefied woods or biochars for combustion and gasification). To aid in process and reactor design, the aim of this work is to conduct thermal degradation kinetics of wood. A two-step kinetics model is developed to predict the elemental composition (C, H, and 0) and devolatilization dynamics of wood materials during heat treatment in a pilot-scale reactor by kinetic analysis. A hardwood poplar (Populus nigra) and a softwood fir (Abies pectinata) sever as feedstock, and the experiments are carried out at 200-230 degrees C with a heating rate of 0.2 degrees C min(-1) in a low-pressure environment (200 hPa). The predictions in the weight losses of the woods are in a good agreement with the experimental data. The evolutions of solids, volatiles, elements (C, H, and O), and the heating values of treated woods are further analyzed. The predictions suggest that the intermediate solid is the main product, and almost all the woods are converted when the treatment temperature is as high as 230 degrees C. The devolatilization process, which is responsible for the mass loss of wood, can be clearly identified, and the volatile liberation amounts from poplar and fir at 230 degrees C are 17.05 and 12.44 wt\%, respectively. The predicted HHVs of treated woods from the empirical formula are between 19.62 and 20.55 MJ kg and the enhancement factors at the end of treatment are between 1.01 and 1.07 which is close to torrefied wood after light torrefaction. During the treatment, the extents of decarbonization, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation in fir are all smaller than those in poplar, resulting from the lower intensity of devolatilization in the former.

}, author = {B.J. LIN and E.A. SILVEIRA and B. COLIN and W.H. CHEN and Y.Y. LIN and F. LECONTE and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1788, title = { Modeling of coupled heat and mass transfer during drying of ebony wood using indirect natural convection solar dryer }, journal = { DRYING TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {37}, year = {2019}, pages = {1863-1878}, abstract = {

This study presented the behavior of a laboratory scale solar dryer, which was designed with the objective of meeting the needs of low income carpenters of the tropical region of Africa. The following materials were used to build the solar dryer: aluminum sheets painted in black, a wooden support, and a plastic polyethylene used as a cover. Drying was carried out in the city of Yaounde in Cameroon, and the tested boards were ebony (Diospyros crassiflora). Drying must be performed with the following conditions: slow process at a low temperature in order to maintain the proper air relative humidity. Since, no apparatus was used to force the circulation of the air, natural convection was the mode used by the dryer. The solar dryer was mathematically modeled by applying heat and mass transfer balance to the different components of the solar dryer. It is important to mention that the used heat and mass coefficients were proposed as variable with the operating conditions. The mathematical model was a reasonable description of the physical phenomena taking place in the dryer. The results show that the average relative error between numerical and experimental moisture contents was equal to 2.102\%. Heat transfer convective coefficients and global mass transfer coefficients varied with drying time from 0.25 to 5.5 W/(m(2)K) and from 1 x 10(-8) to 5.5 x 10(-8) m/s, respectively. The proposed model allowed designing and dimensioning the solar dryer, to the industrial scale. It allowed following the evolution of the different temperatures and moisture content of the tested material and then optimizing the design of the dryer and the drying process conditions. Based on the model, proposing the opening of the drying chamber during the night time and the use of substances capable of retaining heat in the chamber were some proposed solutions in order to have more efficient drying process. The modeling results showed also that an improvement can be obtained at the addition of a solar collector.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02521718/}, author = {M. SIMO-TAGNE and B. BONOMA and L. BENNAMOUN and L. MONKAM and A. LEONARD and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1776, title = { Modelling the hygrothermal behaviour of cement-bonded wood composite panels as permanent formwork }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {142}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This paper reports on the hygrothermal behaviour of a new bio-based composite building material, based on recycled wood fibres used as eco-aggregate within a cementitious matrix. A coupled heat and moisture transfer was established through the material and resolved numerically with a model developed herein. Relative humidity and temperature were chosen as driving potentials. The hygric and thermal properties of the material were analysed and then used as input parameters in the model. The accuracy of the latter was verified by comparing the simulation results with experimental hygrothermal tests, from which the moisture buffering value (MBV) could be determined. The MBV showed that the wood-cement composite material might contribute to improve the indoor thermal comfort and be relevant for low-energy building design.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02357702}, author = {M. LI and V. NICOLAS and M. KHELIFA and M. EL-GANAOUI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1825, title = { Non-isocyanate polyurethane adhesive from sucrose used for particleboard }, journal = { WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {53}, year = {2019}, pages = {393-405}, abstract = {

Sucrose-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (S-NIPU) were synthesized by the already codified reaction of sucrose, dimethyl carbonate and hexamethylene diamine and used for the first time as adhesives for bonding particleboard. To decrease the NIPU adhesive curing temperature, a silane coupling agent was used as a crosslinking promoter. The performance of particleboards prepared at a press temperature of 230 degrees C, 200 degrees C and 180 degrees C and a press time of 8 min, 10 min and 12 min was tested and evaluated. The structure of the oligomers obtained was detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Thermomechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were also used to analyze their behavior. The particleboards bonded with the S-NIPU adhesive at 230 degrees C showed excellent properties, which, however, decreased as the press time was reduced. The silane coupling agent used as a crosslinking promoter significantly reduced the curing temperature of the adhesive and allowed to obtain good bonding at a lower press temperature. The results obtained confirmed that coupling the S-NIPU adhesive with a silane used as a crosslinking promoter can yield sufficiently improved results to function as a suitable adhesive for particleboard, medium density fiberboard and other types of particulate wood panels. It was also the first time that a NIPU adhesive was used for wood bonding.

}, author = {X.D. XI and Z.G. WU and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and H. LEI and B.G. ZHANG and G.B. DU} } @article {1820, title = { PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GLUED-LAMINATED LUMBER FROM FAST-GROWING TREE SPECIES USING MAHOGANY TANNIN ADHESIVE }, journal = { WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE }, volume = {51}, year = {2019}, pages = {132-143}, abstract = {

Tannin from mahogany bark extract contains polyphenols that could be used in adhesives. In this study, tannin (T) was reacted with resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) at a ratio of 100:3:5 (w/w/w) under alkaline conditions to make an adhesive. The physical-chemical properties of tannin and TRF adhesive were assessed. Three-layer glued-laminated lumber (glulam) made with wood from jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), pine (Pious merkusii), and sengon (Falcataria moluccana) was bonded using TRF with a glue spread of 280 g/m(2), cold pressed at 1.47 MPa for 4 h, and then clamped for 24 h. Glulam physical-mechanical properties were tested based on Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) 234-2007. Comparison of the physical properties of mahogany tannin and TRF showed that the solids content of mahogany tannin increased after becoming TRF. Compared with phenol resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF) resins, TRF had a similar appearance and specific gravity, but differed in solids content, viscosity, and gel time. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time of flight mass (TOF) spectra revealed that mahogany tannin could be classified as hydrolyzable, and pyrolysis Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed that the phenolic content was 8.87\%. Copolymerization in TRF was indicated by a shift in wave number in Fourier transform IR, reduced percentage of the phenolic component, and increased pH and melting temperature. Mahogany tannin could be prepared for cold-set TRF glulam adhesive, and all glulams fulfilled JAS 234-2007 with regard to MC and MOR. Although TRF adhesive contained a small amount of resorcinol, it was suitable for low density wood, and in dry condition performed equal to PRF.

}, author = {A.S.R.D. LESTARI and Y.S. HADI and D. HERMAWAN and A. SANTOSO and A. PIZZI} } @article {1805, title = { Polypropylene Blend with Polyphenols through Dynamic Vulcanization: Mechanical, Rheological, Crystalline, Thermal, and UV Protective Property }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Tannin and lignin were blended with polypropylene (PP) through dynamic vulcanization technique. Their influence of mechanical property, crystallinity, thermal stability, as well as ultraviolet (UV) protection property on the PP matrix was investigated and compared with native tannin and lignin. According to our experimental results, tannin and lignin undergo dynamic vulcanization and were more compatible with the PP matrix. Besides, tannin and vulcanized tannin can perform as nucleating agents of PP because of their relatively small particle size. Moreover, vulcanized tannin/lignin have a better performance on the thermal stability of PP compared with native tannin/lignin, especially PP/vulcanized lignin blend. Furthermore, vulcanized tannin/lignin present better UV protective performance, concluded from fewer changes on surface morphology, carbonyl index, crystallinity, viscosity, and tensile property.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02196798}, author = {J.J. LIAO and N. BROSSE and A. PIZZI and S. HOPPE and X.D. XI and X.J. ZHOU} } @article {1785, title = { Preparation and Evaluation of Glucose Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Self-Blowing Rigid Foams }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

A partially biobased self-blowing and self-hardening polyurethane foam from glucose-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (g-NIPU) was prepared by reaction of glucose with dimethyl carbonate and hexamethylene diamine. However, these foam types generally require a high foaming temperature. In this paper, a self-blowing foam based on g-NIPU was prepared at room temperature by using maleic acid as an initiator and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. Water absorption, compression resistance, and fire resistance were tested. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the foam cells structure. Middle infrared (ATR FT-MIR) and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to help to analyze the reactions during the foaming process. The results obtained showed that self- blowing rigid foams have good compression, this being directly proportional to the foam density. Increasing the amount of glutaraldehyde or reducing maleic acid thickens the cell walls and increases the density of the foams. MALDI-TOF analysis showed that g-NIPU reacts with both maleic acid and glutaraldehyde. The foams presented poor fire resistance indicating that, as for isocyanate based polyurethane foams, addition of a fire retardant would be necessary.

}, author = {X.D. XI and A. PIZZI and C. GERARDIN and H. LEI and X.Y. CHEN and S. AMIROU} } @article {1797, title = { Reactions of Soy Flour and Soy Protein by Non-Volatile Aldehydes Generation by Specific Oxidation }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Soy protein isolate (SPI) and insoluble soy flour polymeric carbohydrates have been reacted with sodium periodate for the specific oxidation of vicinal -OH groups to investigate the reactions involved in this approach to soy flour adhesives. The reactions have been shown to generate carbohydrate oligomer fractions presenting one, two or multiple aldehyde groups. With the exception of the small molecular weight heptanedial, the smaller molecular weight aldehydes generated from mono- and disaccharides by the same reaction do not appear to form from the insoluble soy flour carbohydrates, or have already reacted. The reaction of periodate with soy protein isolate has been shown to generate some aldehydes too. When the mix of SPI and soy insoluble carbohydrates is treated with periodate, the majority of the observed aldehyde carrying species appear to be higher molecular weight carbohydrate oligomer fractions.

}, author = {C.R. FRIHART and A. PIZZI and X.D. XI and L.E. LORENZ} } @article {1778, title = { Reinforced lignin-phenol-glyoxal (LPG) wood adhesives from coconut husk }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES }, volume = {141}, year = {2019}, pages = {185-196}, abstract = {

Lignin was extracted from coconut husk via alkaline pulping, either Kraft or soda. The isolated lignin samples were classified as hydroxy-benzaldehyde, vanillin, and syringaldehyde type according to Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy, H-1 and C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra. Soda lignin (SL) showed higher thermal stability and glass transition temperature (T-g) than Kraft lignin (KL) as proven by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The soda-lignin-phenol-glyoxal (SLPG) resins with the optimum percentage of lignin substitution at 30\% showed improved solid content and gel time in comparison to 30\% of Kraft-lignin-phenol-glyoxal (KLPG) and phenol-glyoxal (PG) resin. The good mechanical properties in SLPG is due to the higher amount of molecular weight as well as higher phenolic and G-type unit in lignin that improve the properties of 30\% SLPG adhesive. Moreover, the addition of layered double hydroxides (LDH) as reinforced filler up to 15\%-30\% SLPG adhesive blend shows a great performance (especially mechanical properties) as compared to 30\% SLPG adhesive alone.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289744}, author = {N.A. AZIZ and A.F.A. LATIP and L.C. PENG and N.H. ABD-LATIF and N. BROSSE and R. HASHIM and M.H. HUSSIN} } @article {1795, title = { Robust and durable bonding performance of bamboo induced by high voltage electrostatic field treatment }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {137}, year = {2019}, pages = {149-156}, abstract = {

To enhance the bonding performance of bamboo, the high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) treatment was used for flattened moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens). Three bonding types including bamboo skin-bamboo skin (BS-BS), bamboo skin-bamboo pith (BS-BP) and bamboo pith-bamboo pith (BP-BP) were tested. Surface characteristics of HVEF-treated bamboo composites were analyzed by the electron spin resonance (ESR), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence microscopy and vertical density profile (VDP). Mechanical properties, including bonding strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and boiling peeling rate of treated-bamboo composites were tested as well. The results of ESR, XPS and FTIR showed that significantly increased free radicals, broken chemical bonds and oxygen-containing groups (-OH, C=O and C-O) were obtained. These variations were attributed to the fact that triggered electrons were able to break oxygen and water molecules in the atmosphere under HVEF treatment and more broken chemical bonds (oxygen atoms and ions) appeared and reacted with bamboo surface. Higher change ratios involved in BS compared with BP were due to higher components of cellulose and lignin. HVEF treatment induced a significant decrease on adhesive penetration depth and an increment on density at bonding interphase. The highest decrease of adhesive penetration depth and increment of density at bamboo interphase were obtained in BS-BS while the least was BP-BP. All the bonding performance significantly enhanced after HVEF-treatment. The most robust and durable bonding performances were obtained in BS-BS type, and BP-BP showed the most increment extents of bamboo failure ratio. Results of this study revealed that: HVEF treatment was an effective approach for enhancing bonding properties of both bamboo skin and pith.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289743}, author = {Q. HE and T.Y. ZHAN and H.Y. ZHANG and Z.H. JU and L. HONG and N. BROSSE and X.N. LU} } @article {1804, title = { Second law analysis of MHD mixed convection heat transfer in a vented irregular cavity filled with Ag-MgO/water hybrid nanofluid }, journal = { JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY }, volume = {137}, year = {2019}, pages = {1113-1132}, abstract = {

The present paper investigates numerically the effect of an external magnetic field on heat transfer and entropy generation of Ag-MgO (50:50vol\%)/water hybrid nanofluid flow in a partially heated irregular ventilated cavity. A finite-volume FORTRAN code has been written to solve the governing partial differential equations. New empirical correlations specifically dedicated to predict the dynamic viscosity and the thermal conductivity of the considered hybrid nanofluid were employed. After validation of model, the analysis has been done for a wide range of Reynolds number (10?Re?600), Hartmann number (0?Ha?80) and total nanoparticle volume fraction (0?phi?0.02). The results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms and isentropic lines as well as the average Nusselt number (Nu(m)), the average entropy generation (S-gen,(m)) and the Bejan number (Be-avg). The criterion =S-gen,(m)/Nu(m) is adopted to discuss the thermal performances of the system. The results reveal that the intensification of the magnetic field tends to attenuate the heat transfer convection and to reduce the thickness of the thermal boundary layer, close to the active walls. Globally, adding nanoparticles to the base fluid improves the heat transfer but increases the total entropy generation.

}, author = {M. BENZEMA and Y.K. BENKAHLA and N. LABSI and S.E. OUYAHIA and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1831, title = { Structural response of cement-bonded wood composite panels as permanent formwork }, journal = { COMPOSITE STRUCTURES }, volume = {209}, year = {2019}, pages = {13-22}, abstract = {

Bio-sourced materials combined with a cementitious matrix offer an interesting alternative to traditional construction materials. To contribute to their wider acceptance by the sustainable construction market, an investigation into the use of wood-cement composite panels as stay-in-place or permanent formwork is presented. As individual panels, the mechanical performance was evaluated through three point bending tests. But, as part of the formwork system, their overall structural performance was evaluated through finite element simulation under the action of lateral pressure exerted by the concrete in a liquid state. The Concrete Damage Plasticity Model (CPDM) available in the Abaqus code is adapted and used to model the mechanical behaviour of the wood-cement composite. The obtained results show wood-cement composite panels offer a promising alternative for the development of a lightweight permanent formwork system, that can contribute to the thermal and acoustic comfort of green buildings.

}, author = {M. LI and M. KHELIFA and A. KHENNANE and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1815, title = { SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIGNIN-BASED ADHESIVE CROSS-LINKED WITH FURFURYL ALCOHOL-FORMALDEHYDE AND EPOXY RESINS }, journal = { CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {53}, year = {2019}, pages = {449-458}, abstract = {

Lignin extracted from corn stalk was cross-linked with furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde (FF) resin in the laboratory to prepare a bio-based adhesive, with good water resistance, for producing particleboard. The results of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated that furfuryl alcohol reacted with formaldehyde under acidic conditions. The -CH-(OH)- groups were involved in the cross-linking of the lignin-furfuryl-formaldehyde (LFF) adhesive. The internal bond strength of the LFF-bonded particleboard showed that the cured LFF was improved and had higher performance compared to the lignin-furfuryl alcohol (LF) adhesive. The LFF with 9\% epoxy resin adhesive had an excellent modulus of elasticity, which was higher than those of PF and LF adhesives.

}, author = {J. ZHANG and X.D. XI and X.J. ZHOU and J.K. LIANG and G.B. DU and J. CAI} } @article {1792, title = { Tannin Gels and Their Carbon Derivatives: A Review }, journal = { BIOMOLECULES }, volume = {9}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

Tannins are one of the most natural, non-toxic, and highly reactive aromatic biomolecules classified as polyphenols. The reactive phenolic compounds present in their chemical structure can be an alternative precursor for the preparation of several polymeric materials for applications in distinct industries: adhesives and coatings, leather tanning, wood protection, wine manufacture, animal feed industries, and recently also in the production of new porous materials (i.e., foams and gels). Among these new polymeric materials synthesized with tannins, organic and carbon gels have shown remarkable textural and physicochemical properties. Thus, this review presents and discusses the available studies on organic and carbon gels produced from tannin feedstock and how their properties are related to the different operating conditions, hence causing their cross-linking reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the steps during tannin gels preparation, such as the gelation and curing processes (under normal or hydrothermal conditions), solvent extraction, and gel drying approaches (i.e., supercritical, subcritical, and freeze-drying) as well as the methods available for their carbonization (i.e., pyrolysis and activation) are presented and discussed. Findings from organic and carbon tannin gels features demonstrate that their physicochemical and textural properties can vary greatly depending on the synthesis parameters, drying conditions, and carbonization methods. Research is still ongoing on the improvement of tannin gels synthesis and properties, but the review evaluates the application of these highly porous materials in multidisciplinary areas of science and engineering, including thermal insulation, contaminant sorption in drinking water and wastewater, and electrochemistry. Finally, the substitution of phenolic materials (i.e., phenol and resorcinol) by tannin in the production of gels could be beneficial to both the bioeconomy and the environment due to its low-cost, bio-based, non-toxic, and non-carcinogenic characteristics.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02346433}, author = {F.L. BRAGHIROLI and G. AMARAL-LABAT and A.F.N. BOSS and C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI} } @article {1793, title = { Tannin-based adhesive cross-linked by furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal and epoxy resins }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {94}, year = {2019}, pages = {47-52}, abstract = {

To prepare a natural tannin-based adhesive with good water resistance, an environment friendly furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal resin (FG) synthesized in the laboratory was developed as a cross-linker for tannin-based adhesives. C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy results indicated that furfuryl alcohol and glyoxal reacted under acidic conditions and that the -CH-(OH)- groups could be shown to be the ones involved in the cross-linking of the tannin-furfuryl-glyoxal adhesive (TFG). The results for the wet shear strength of TFG-bonded plywood showed that the cured TFG was improved and better than that bonded with a tannin-furfuryl alcohol (TF) adhesive. Moreover, the TFG adhesive cross-linked with 12\% epoxy resin (EPR) presented a good water resistance. It had a modulus of elasticity (MOE) higher than that of tannin-furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde (TFF), TF and phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesives.

}, author = {J. ZHANG and X.D. XI and J.K. LIANG and A. PIZZI and G.B. DU and S.D. DENG} } @article {1822, title = { Thermal building control using active ventilated block integrating phase change material }, journal = { ENERGY AND BUILDINGS }, volume = {187}, year = {2019}, pages = {50-63}, abstract = {

In the context of improving energy efficiency and thermal comfort in the building, the use of phase change materials (PCMs) is one of the suggested solutions. The proposed integration solutions concern the building envelope as well as the applications related to its operation. The study of the incorporation of PCM in the walls of the building was the subject of numerous works. However, the antisymmetric character of storing/recovering energy management in the walls is less controlled and do not fit the optimal conditions. In this study, a solution based on the direct integration of a stabilized PCM (gel) in an envelope including ventilation channels, was proposed to overcome this problem of antisymmetry storing/recovering and fitting with different fixed ambient conditions. The final aim is to develop the optimization strategy of a wall combining the heavy inertia offered by the PCM, intra-ventilation control and the contribution to air renewal energy demand.

In this context, an experimental study of a concrete block system is conducted to test the thermal response of this configuration by the application of cyclic solicitations. The comprehension of this integrated constructive solution essentially passes by the possession of validated numerical tools. For this, two models have been developed. The first model using the electrical-thermal analogy, based on an RC equivalence, is distinguished by its relative simplicity and weak time computing demand. Each of these two factors, R and C summarise the system properties and has a direct influence on the building transient simulations over a year. The second one is based on direct numerical simulation DNS of the energy and fluid flow equations using commercial code COMSOL Multiphysics. Such DNS is time consuming and could not be used to simulate over a year but aims only to validate the first RC circuit approach. A comparison of these two models with the idealised experimental data was carried out and allowed the validation of the thermal behaviour of the solution based on the integration of the PCM with core ventilation.

}, author = {A. LAAOUATNI and N. MARTAJ and R. BENNACER and M. LACHI and M. EL-OMARI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1734, title = { Acetyl Groups in Typha capensis: Fate of Acetates during Organosolv and Ionosolv Pulping }, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

During biomass fractionation, any native acetylation of lignin and heteropolysaccharide may affect the process and the resulting lignin structure. In this study, Typha capensis (TC) and its lignin isolated by milling (MWL), ionosolv (ILL) and organosolv (EOL) methods were investigated for acetyl group content using FT-Raman, H-1 NMR, 2D-NMR, back-titration, and Zemplen transesterification analytical methods. The study revealed that TC is a highly acetylated grass; extractive free TC (TCextr) and TC MWL exhibited similar values of acetyl content: 6 wt \% and 8 wt \% by Zemplen transesterification, respectively, and 11 wt \% by back-titration. In contrast, lignin extracted from organosolv and [EMIm][OAc] pulping lost 80\% of the original acetyl groups. With a high acetyl content in the natural state, TC could be an interesting raw material in biorefinery in which acetic acid could become an important by-product.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-02297011}, author = {I.G. AUDU and N. BROSSE and H. WINTER and A. HOFFMANN and M. BREMER and S. FISCHER and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1754, title = { Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea }, journal = { ISME JOURNAL }, volume = {12}, year = {2018}, pages = {367-379}, abstract = {

Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor. The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp. However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers. Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages. During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp. The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples. When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose. We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface. We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.

}, author = {D. KALENITCHENKO and N. LE-BRIS and L. DADAGLIO and E. PERU and A. BESSERER and P.E. GALAND} } @article {1765, title = { AN ECO-FRIENDLY UREA-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN: PREPARATION STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES }, journal = { WOOD RESEARCH }, volume = {63}, year = {2018}, pages = {45-56}, abstract = {

The preparation, structures and properties of UF resin prepared with concentrated formaldehyde at a low molar ratio F/U=1.1 were studied in this paper. According to the results obtained from C-13-NMR, FT-IR and DMA, UF resin prepared with concentrated formaldehyde showed better mechanical properties and heat resistance and lower formaldehyde emission responsible for its high degree of polycondensation and crosslinking than that of UF prepared with common formaldehyde, but its stability was so bad due to its high content of ether bridges. However, it was stated that adding hydrolyzed soy protein to this UF resin at the first alkali preparation stage of \"alkali-acid-alkali\", its stability got improved due to the increase of methylene bridges, which was the key contribution to polycondensation.

}, author = {Z.G. WU and X.D. XI and L.P. YU and L. SU and H. LEI and G.B. DU and Z.W. YIN} } @article {1750, title = { Effects of steam explosion on the characteristics of windmill palm fiber and its application to fiberboard }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, pages = {601-609}, abstract = {

Windmill palm fiber (WPF) obtained from the leaf sheath was treated by steam explosion under the pressure of 2.0 MPa for 120 s to modify and improve the properties of the panels manufactured with it. For comparison, an alkali treatment and acid treatment have also been used to treat WPF. Fiber analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and chemical composition analysis showed that after the steam explosion treatment: (1) the length, width and fine elements of the windmill palm fibrils were more influenced by the steam explosion treatment than by the other two treatments. (2) A great number of spinulose spherical silica bodies and waxy layers were observed on the surfaces of all the fibers except for the steam explosion treated windmill palm fiber (SEWPF) surfaces, and (3) the cellulose fraction correspondingly increased with the decrease of the hemicelluloses and lignin contents. Finally, the SEWPFs were used to produce fiberboards, and the modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bond (IB), water absorption (WA) and thickness swell (TS) of the fiberboards were measured. The results showed that the WA and TS of the fiberboards made of SEWPF decreased 22 and 32\%, respectively, in relation to those made of WPF, whereas the IB increased 46\%. It is suggested that steam explosion can be a feasible approach to modify WPF and expand its uses.

}, author = {H. LUO and H.Y. ZHANG and L. YUE and A. PIZZI and X.N. LU} } @article {1759, title = { EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION CONDITIONS ON THE RECOVERY OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF JUJUBE (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) LEAVES }, journal = { ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY DUNAREA DE JOS OF GALATI, FASCICLE VI-FOOD TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {96-108}, abstract = {

The optimum conditions for the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) of total phenolics and antioxidant activity from jujube leaves were studied. The effect of the solvent nature (acetone, methanol, ethanol and water), solvent concentration (25-100\%; v/v), ultrasound intensity (25-100\%), solid/solvent ratio (1/50-1/300; w/v) and extraction time (1-15 min) were also determined. The total phenolic content was used to determine the phenolic compounds. Ferric-reducing power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. All the ultrasound-assisted extraction parameters that were investigated had from a statistically point of view significant effects (p\<0.05) upon the phenolic compound extraction and antioxidant activity. The best extraction conditions were obtained by using methanol 60 \%, a sonication intensity of 75 \% with a solid/solvent ratio of 1/200(w/v), for 10 min. As such, the obtained values were 6.0g gallic acid equivalents/100g for total phenolic content, 3.886 g ascorbic acid equivalents/100g for free radical scavenging activity and 2.587 g ascorbic acid equivalents/100g for ferric reducing power. The phenolic content was positively correlated with the antioxidant activities.

}, author = {S. ZEMOURI-ALIOUI and H. LOUAILECHE and B. GEORGE} } @article {1726, title = { Energy Release Rate Measurement of Welded Bamboo Joints }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {450-456}, abstract = {

Double cantilever beam tests were used to measure the energy release rates of linear vibrational welded moso bamboo joints. The influence of the length of the preserved cracks, the different combinations of the inner and outer bamboo surfaces and the moisture content is studied herein. The experimental compliance method, which is based on linear elastic fracture mechanics and has been shown to be an ideal method, was used to analyze data with the power equation. The results show that the preserved initial crack length does not have a significant effect on the final measured energy release rate, while the moso bamboo combination does affect the properties dramatically. The welded moso bamboo joints with inner-inner surfaces have the highest energy release rate of 122 J/m(2). The average energy release of the outer-outer combination was only 102 J/m(2) . The expansion of the cracks also became easier when the moisture content of the welded joints was 18.5\% compared to 4.5\% and 10.1\%. So the moisture resistance of the welded joints should be duly improved.

}, author = {H.Y. ZHANG and Q. HE and X.N. LU and A. PIZZI and C.T. MEI and X.X. ZHAN} } @article {1713, title = { Heat treatment kinetics using three-stage approach for sustainable wood material production }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {124}, year = {2018}, pages = {563-571}, abstract = {

The purpose of this study is to develop a numerical tool to predict the mass loss of a wood board during heat treatment as a marker of the process advancement. Mass loss dynamics during the wood heat treatment is experimentally obtained using a specially conceived equipment. The investigation method is applied on large scale wood samples whose radial and transvers dimensions are close to the boards used in industry. A two-step reaction mechanism is adopted to describe the behavior of wood thermodegradation. Model parameters are obtained by fitting the experimental data according to a new approach developed in this study for their optimal determination. The originality of the implemented modelling strategy is the establishment of a three-stage approach based on the analysis of wood thermal sensitivity depending on the treatment temperature range. Model equations are solved numerically by the commercial package Matlab\&$\#$39; software. A good agreement is achieved between the numerical predictions and the experimental data. The developed model and established kinetics can be used for heat treatment process and reactor design in industry to produce wood materials for their applications.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01962864}, author = {E.A. SILVEIRA and B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and M. CHAOUCH and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and W.H. CHEN and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1711, title = { Hygroscopic transformation of woody biomass torrefaction for carbon storage }, journal = { APPLIED ENERGY }, volume = {231}, year = {2018}, pages = {768-776}, abstract = {

Biochar is a potential medium for carbon storage, so its production and storage have been considered as is a crucial route to effectively achieve negative CO2 emissions. Meanwhile, torrefaction is a thermochemical conversion process for producing biochar. Biochar is featured by its hydrophobicity, which makes it different from its parent biomass with hygroscopicity and is conducive to material storage. To evaluate the hygroscopic transformation of biomass from torrefaction, two woody biomass materials of poplar (hardwood) and fir (softwood) are torrefied at temperatures of 200-230 degrees C, and the variations of color, equilibrium moisture content, and contact angle of raw and torrefied samples are examined. The results indicate that the total color difference of torrefied woods increases linearly with increasing mass loss. The hygroscopicity reduction extent in torrefied fir is higher than in torrefied poplar, and can be increased by up to 57.39\% at 230 degrees C. The tests of the contact angle suggest that the hygroscopicity of the raw woods is evidently exhibited, whereas the angles of the torrefied woods are in the range of 94-113, showing their hydrophobic surfaces (\> 90 degrees). The decarbonization, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation phenomena of the biomass during torrefaction are also analyzed. It is found that the three indexes can be correlated well by the total color difference and hygroscopicity reduction extent. A comprehensive study on the improvement of hydrophobicity of produced biochar has been performed, which clearly shows the potential of carbon storage and negative CO2 emissions by biochar.

}, author = {W.H. CHEN and B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and J.S. CHANG and A. PETRISSANS and X.T. BI and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1745, title = { Improvement of beech wood properties by in situ formation of polyesters of citric and tartaric acid in combination with glycerol }, journal = { HOLZFORSCHUNG }, volume = {72}, year = {2018}, pages = {291-299}, abstract = {

Beech wood has been treated by impregnation followed by heating at various temperatures with solutions containing citric acid (CA) or tartaric acid (TA) alone or in combination with glycerol (G), i.e. with G+CA and G+TA. The resulting modified woods were tested in terms of resistance to leaching, durability and dimensional stability. These properties are improved as a function of heating temperature, which leads to higher levels of poly-esterification involving grafting onto wood simultaneously with thermal degradation of wood. Dimensional stability of all treated wood was increased, but glycerol does not have a positive effect with this regard. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy contributed to understanding the effects of the different treatments. In situ polymerization of G+TA at 140 degrees C increased the bending resistance, while G+CA polymerization does not compensate notably the mechanical weakness induced by thermal degradation of wood at higher temperatures. However, G+CA treatment is more efficient regarding leaching and decay resistance, than that with G+TA.

}, author = {C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and M.F. THEVENON and E. FREDON and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1719, title = { Modelling of heat transfer through permanent formwork panels exposed to high temperatures }, journal = { CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS }, volume = {185}, year = {2018}, pages = {166-174}, abstract = {

A small-scale fire test was performed on a wood-cement panel intended as a permanent formwork. The tested panel was subjected on one side to a uniform heat flux of about 6 kW/m(2). Measurements of the temperature profiles were recorded with thermocouples embedded in the sample. The density and its variation with temperature were obtained by taking weight measurements. The thermal conductivity of the wood-cement composite at room temperature was determined using the hot plate method. Its variation with temperature and that of the specific heat were determined using analytical and numerical approaches. Using the obtained data, a pyrolysis model, implemented in Abaqus, was developed to simulate the effect of heat in the panel. The validation of the model is carried out by simulating charring tests. The model provided reasonable predictions for the thickness of the charred layer and the temperatures profiles across the depth of the panel. The model can supplement the testing of small laboratory samples to characterise the fire performance of these panels, and hence help establish their certification for use in sustainable construction.

}, author = {M. LI and A. KHENNANE and B. BRANDELET and M. EL-GANAOUI and M. KHELIFA and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1736, title = { Parameterization equations for the nonlinear connection slip applied to the anisotropic embedment behavior of wood }, journal = { COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING }, volume = {142}, year = {2018}, pages = {142-158}, abstract = {

Nonlinear numerical models for the engineering design of mechanical connections in anisotropic materials require nonlinear material behavior of their components, which are essentially determined by material or structural testing. Herein, a multi-step approach for the parameterization of the nonlinear and anisotropic connection slip behavior is presented and applied to the ductile embedment behavior of steel dowels in wood. For this purpose, previously proposed regression functions for the slip behavior are reviewed, and further possible equations are discussed. Their suitability in the description of typical shapes of slip curves observed in connection testing is assessed before certain combinations are applied to an experimental dataset of embedment tests of steel dowels embedded in Laminated Veneer Lumber. The dependence of the regression parameters on the displacement range in the experimental dataset and the benefit of using parameters with a physical interpretation, for being able to exploit connection test data reported in literature, is highlighted.

}, author = {M. SCHWEIGLER and T.K. BADER and G. HOCHREINER and R. LEMAITRE} } @article {1774, title = { The study of linear vibrational welding of moso bamboo }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {32}, year = {2018}, pages = {1-10}, abstract = {

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) linear-vibration welded joints with three different combinations between the inner and outer surfaces were studied in this paper. The tensile-shear strength, the microstructures and welded layer thickness observed by SEM and the density profiles measured by X-ray densitometer of the welded samples have been considered and compared. The maximum average tensile-shear strength of outer-outer, inner-inner and outer-inner welded joints were 5.91, 7.15 and 6.24MPa, respectively. And only the inner-inner welded joints have the bamboo failure after the shear test. The welded joint is composed of a lot of bamboo fibers entangled in the molten and flown intercellular materials which decide the final mechanical performance of the welded joints. The thickness of the outer-outer welded layer is the smallest and the inner-inner welded layer is the highest. However, the maximum density reached in the inner-inner welded joint is smaller than in the outer-outer welded joint owing to the different vascular distribution in the cross section of the moso bamboo. The relative density can be used to reflect the tensile-shear strength of the welded joints. The natural structure of bamboo really do have significant influences on the welded interface.

}, author = {H.Y. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X.H. ZHOU and X.N. LU and Z.Q. WANG} } @article {1757, title = { Synthesis, structure characterization and application of melamine-glyoxal adhesive resins }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, pages = {283-296}, abstract = {

To eliminate formaldehyde in melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resins the nonvolatile and nontoxic aldehyde glyoxal (G) was reacted with melamine to prepare novel melamine-glyoxal (MG) resins. These MG resins were synthesized with different M/G molar ratios, and their properties were tested. The liquid and hardened MG resins were characterized, and the oligomers formed and their distribution were determined by C-13 NMR and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The energy of activation of cross-linking of the MG resins was found to be higher than for MF resins. This rendered some applications possible, such as MG resins impregnated paper surface overlays and showed such resins limitations as binders for wood particleboard. The MG resins remained stable at ambient temperature for more than 12 days.

}, author = {S. DENG and A. PIZZI and G. DU and M.C. LAGEL and L. DELMOTTE and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1748, title = { Thermal degradation and compositional changes of wood treated in a semi-industrial scale reactor in vacuum }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {130}, year = {2018}, pages = {8-18}, abstract = {

Heat treatment is an eco-friendly and efficient way to improve the defective properties of woods, such as hygroscopic nature, lack of dimensional stability, and low resistance against biological degradation, and to produce a green and sustainable wood material for construction and buildings. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal degradation of a hardwood (poplar, Populus nigra) and a softwood (fir, Abies pectinata) in a semi-industrial scale reactor in which a vacuum environment is adopted to intensify the thermal degradation process. Four different stages of thermal degradation during wood heat treatment are defined, based on the intensity of differential mass loss (DML). Meanwhile, a number of analyses on untreated and treated woods are performed to evaluate their thermal degradation characteristics and compositional change during treatment. The FTIR analysis clearly demonstrates the thermal degradation through dehydration, deacetylation, depolymerization, and condensation reactions during the heat treatment. In addition, the XRD analysis indicates an increase in relative crystallinity of cellulose. The correlation of devolatilization index (DI) with respect to mass loss of the two wood species is strongly characterized by linear distribution, which is able to provide a simple and useful tool in predicting mass loss of wood treated in wood industry.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01816914}, author = {B.J. LIN and B. COLIN and W.H. CHEN and A. PETRISSANS and P. ROUSSET and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1739, title = { Toward the cottonization of hemp fibers by steam explosion - Part 1: defibration and morphological characterization }, journal = { TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL }, volume = {88}, year = {2018}, pages = {1047-1055}, abstract = {

Fine hemp fibers (cottonized hemp) were processed using steam explosion. The quantification of the defibration rate was performed by image processing. Based on this method, the hemp defibration was optimized using a response surface methodology based on three-variable central composite design for the production of elementary fibers with low variability. Optimal parameters for the steam processes were as follows: time=4.1min; temperature=191?. Biomass was impregnated with a solution of NaOH (8\%) before treatment, leading to a defibration rate of 91.2\%, which is producing approximate to 50\% fibers with length \<3mm, in good agreement with the experimental data. Damaged fibers originating from the conjugated effect of steam explosion and alkali hydrolysis were also observed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02289748}, author = {T. SAUVAGEON and J.M. LAVOIE and C. SEGOVIA and N. BROSSE} } @article {1667, title = {Analysis of nocturnal air temperature in districts using mobile measurements and a cooling indicator}, journal = { THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY }, volume = {130}, year = {2017}, pages = {365-376}, abstract = {

The urban heat island phenomenon is generally defined as an air temperature difference between a city center and the non-urbanized rural areas nearby. However, this description does not encompass the intra-urban temperature differences that exist between neighborhoods in a city. This study investigates the air temperature dynamics of neighborhoods for meteorological conditions that lead to important urban heat island amplitude. Local climate zones (LCZs) have been determined in Nancy, France, and mobile screen-height air temperature measurements are performed using an instrumented vehicle. Initially, hourly measurements are performed within four different LCZs. These results show that air temperature within LCZ demonstrates a nocturnal cooling in two phases, i.e., a first phase between 1 to 3 h before sunset and 3 to 5 h after sunset, and a second phase from 3 to 5 h after sunset to sunrise. During phase 1, neighborhoods exhibit different cooling rate values and air temperature gaps develop between districts, while during phase 2, cooling rates tend to be analogous. Then, a larger meteorological data set is used to investigate these two phases for a selection of 13 LCZs. Normalized cooling rates are calculated between daytime measures and nighttime measures in order to quantify the air temperature dynamics of the studied areas during phase 1. Considering this indicator, three groups are emerging:

Results indicate that the relative position of LCZ within the conurbation does not drive air temperature dynamics during phase 1. In addition, measures performed during phase 2 tend to illustrate that cooling rates are similar to all LCZ during this period.

}, url = {https://hal-univ-tlse3.archives-ouvertes.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01916119}, author = {F. LECONTE and J. BOUYER and R. CLAVERIE and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1683, title = { Mechanical properties of model vitreous carbon foams }, journal = {CARBON}, volume = {116}, year = {2017}, pages = {562-571}, abstract = {

The present paper deals with the relations between structural and physical properties of model vitreous carbon foams, i.e., presenting different porous structures in terms of bulk density, cell size and connectivity, while having the same composition and the same carbon texture. Herein, their mechanical properties were investigated through a comparative analysis of samples either with or without rigid plates glued to their opposite faces and submitted to quasi-static compression. Both methods led to the same values of compressive strength, which followed the Gibson and Ashby (G\&A) equation for open-cell foams. The compressive modulus of both reticulated foams and cellular foams tested without plates only depended on the density and also followed the relation of G\&A for open-cell foams. For cellular foams with plates, the relation of G\&A for closed-cell foams applied with different values of phi, which is the percentage of solid only contained in the struts. Usually, only two types of foams are considered but it was highlighted here that a third type is of great interest: the semi-open-cell foams, which can be optimised through the values of both relative density and phi.

}, author = {M. LETELLIER and C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and M. KHELIFA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1676, title = { Modelling mechanical properties of spruce and Douglas fir timber by means of X-ray and grain angle measurements for strength grading purpose }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, pages = {527-541}, abstract = {

This study proposes a model using data from a scanner (X-ray and grain angle measurements) to perform strength grading. The research also includes global measurements of modulus of elasticity (obtained by vibrations and ultrasound methods), static bending stiffness and bending strength of 805 boards of Douglas fir and 437 boards of spruce. This model can be used in an industrial context since it requires low computational time. The results of this study show that the developed model gives better results than the global non-destructive measurements of the elastic modulus commonly used in the industry. It also shows that this improvement is particularly higher in the case of Douglas fir than for spruce. The comparison has been made on both the quality of the mechanical properties assessment and on the improvement of the grading process according to the European standards by using different index.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01530963}, author = {J. VIGUIER and D. BOURREAU and J.F. BOCQUET and G. POT and L. BL{\'E}RON and J.D. LANVIN} } @article {1673, title = { A Multitechnique Characterization of Lignin Softening and Pyrolysis }, journal = { ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY \& ENGINEERING }, volume = {5}, year = {2017}, pages = {6940-6949}, abstract = {

The understanding of lignin softening and pyrolysis is important for developing lignocellulosic biorefinery in order to produce carbon fibers, polymers additives, green aromatics, or biofuels. Protobind lignin (produced by soda pulping of a wheat straw) was characterized by thermogravimetry, calorimetry (for glass transition temperature and heat of pyrolysis reactions), in situ H-1 NMR (for the analysis of the mobility of protons upon lignin thermal conversion), and solution-state C-13 and P-31 NMR (determination of functional groups in lignin). In situ rheology reveals the real-time viscoelastic behavior of lignin as a function of temperature. Upon heating, lignin undergoes softening, through glass transition overlapped with depolymerization, and is followed by the solidification of the softened material by cross-linking reactions. The lignin residues were quenched within the rheometer at the midpoint temperatures of softening and solidification regions and were further analyzed by elemental analysis, GPC-UV of acetylated THE soluble fractions, FTIR, solid C-13 NMR, and laser desorption ionization (LDI) combined with very high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). We present the first report on lignin biochars analysis by LDI-HRMS. NMR and FTIR analyses provide the evolution of functional moieties in lignin residues. C-13 NMR, GPC-UV, and LDI FTICRMS analyses depict the depolymerization mechanism combined with cross-linking and demethoxylation reactions. An overall physical and chemical mechanism for the thermal conversion of alkali lignin is proposed based on these complementary analyses.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01575541}, author = {B. SHRESTHA and Y. LE-BRECH and T. GHISLAIN and S. LECLERC and V. CARRE and F. AUBRIET and S. HOPPE and P. MARCHAL and S. PONTVIANNE and N. BROSSE and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1692, title = { Preparation and structural characterisation of model cellular vitreous carbon foams }, journal = {CARBON}, volume = {112}, year = {2017}, pages = {208-218}, abstract = {

The aim the present work was to produce carbon foams with as different as possible porous structures but with similar composition and carbon texture for studying precisely the influence of different structural parameters such as density, cell size or interconnectivity on the physical properties of these foams. Over 60 different cellular carbon foams were obtained by pyrolysis of phenolic-furanic rigid foams, whose structure was tailored through some changes in the formulations. The structures of all of these materials were thoroughly characterised through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray microtomography. Both methods proved to give very consistent results, justifying the use of the simpler one, i.e., SEM. Very broad ranges of bulk densities (0.015 \<= d \<= 0.333 g cm(-3)) and of average cell diameters (100 \<= D \<= 5000 mu m) were obtained. Despite these very different morphologies, elemental analysis, helium pycnometry and Raman spectroscopy studies showed that the carbon constituting the foams can be considered as identical. The results presented here should be used as a basis for the most thorough and extensive studies of physical properties of vitreous carbon foams.

}, author = {M. LETELLIER and A. SZCZUREK and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and O. FERRY and A. CELZARD} } @article {1689, title = { Stability analysis of tannin-based foams using multiple light-scattering measurements }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {87}, year = {2017}, pages = {318-330}, abstract = {

Liquid foams were prepared by whipping aqueous solutions based on natural polyphenols, surfactant and crosslinker. The destabilisation mechanisms of such thick, opaque and viscous liquid foams were investigated for the first time with a light-scattering detection method using an optical analyser. The technique allowed separating processes such as drainage, coalescence and coarsening, and sedimentation, so that each of them could be investigated independently as a function of whipping time, surfactant amount, and temperature. The corresponding average bubble diameters could also be determined as a function of time. It was shown that this kind of optical analysis is quite relevant for optimising formulations and foaming conditions with the aim of recovering rigid foams after polymerisation, having a given homogeneous structure that might be useful for various applications such as thermal insulation or acoustic absorption.

}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and V. FIERRO and S. LI and A. PASC and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1696, title = { Study of the End-grain Butt Joints Obtained by Friction Welding of Moso Bamboo }, journal = {BIORESOURCES}, volume = {12}, year = {2017}, pages = {6446-6457}, abstract = {

End-grain-to-end-grain welding has been the object of considerable study in the authors\&$\#$39; laboratory, but successful experiments have been hindered by wood defibration. End-grain butt joints obtained by friction welding with moso bamboo showed relatively good experimental results compared to beech, oak, and spruce. The average compression shear strength of the welded joints reached 5.81 MPa, and the departure of the bamboo fibers could not be observed during the welding process. A study of the microstructure of the welded surface revealed that during the welding process, hard vascular bundles within the fibers became prominent on the welded surface and acted similarly to a brush. These bundles dissipated lateral friction and protected the bamboo from cracking in the process.

}, author = {H.Y. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X.N. LU and Z.Q. WANG} } @article {1625, title = { Automotive brake pads made with a bioresin matrix }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {85}, year = {2016}, pages = {372-381}, abstract = {

By using biosourced raw materials such as condensed tannins and furfuryl alcohol a biosourced thermoset resin was developed and used and tested for a new application: as a resin matrix of automotive brake pads. The manufacturing procedure developed is particularly easy. Automotive brake pads based on this green resin were characterized and showed excellent braking properties and wear resistance when used under real car, full scale test conditions. Their mechanical resistance was found to be comparable to that of commercial automotive brake pads bonded with synthetic phenolic resins. They tolerated well the severe stresses induced by a strong braking like an emergency braking: 50 km/h (31 mph) until complete standstill and showed braking distances comparable or shorter than commercial brake pads.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599596}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and L. HAI and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and L. DELMOTTE and S. ABDALLA and A. ZAHED and F.M. AL-MARZOUKI} } @article {1600, title = { Characterization of biomass char formation investigated by advanced solid state NMR }, journal = { CARBON }, volume = {108}, year = {2016}, pages = {165-177}, abstract = {

Char is produced during pyrolysis of biomass and it could be valorised as soil amendment, activated carbon or to produce syngas or heat by further oxidation. The mechanisms of biochars formation have to be better understood in order to tailor their properties. For this purpose, the pyrolysis of biomass was conducted in a fixed bed reactor allowing a good control of pyrolysis conditions. Miscanthus and the macromolecules extracted from this same biomass (holocellulose, cellulose, ethanol organosolv lignin) were pyrolysed to various final temperatures (200-500 degrees C). The chemical moieties formed in the chars were studied by solid state C-13 NMR. A Cross Polarization method at the Magic Angle Spinning with Adiabatic Passage though Hartmann-Hahn conditions (CP/MAS APHH) has been found to give similar spectra than the Direct Polarization quantitative method in much shorter acquisition times. A quantitative study on the formation of aromatic structures in the network of the macromolecules in miscanthus and in the fractionated macromolecules was conducted. It is shown that below 300 degrees C xylan is the main source of aromatic formation while above this temperature the aromatization of cellulose occurs. The interactions between lignin and carbohydrates inside the network of biomass for aromatic structures formation are discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599591}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and J. RAYA and L. DELMOTTE and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1648, title = { Characterization of Merbau Wood Extract Used as an Adhesive in Glued Laminated Lumber }, journal = { FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL }, volume = {66}, year = {2016}, pages = {313-318}, abstract = {

Polyphenolic chemical compounds were extracted from merbau (Intsia spp.) wood with an aqueous medium at a 1:4 ratio (wt/wt) heated to 80 degrees C for 3 hours. The extracted compounds were characterized by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight spectrometry and included oligomers with up to six repeating flavonoid units, with resorcinol being the dominant compound paired with a minor amount of catechin units. The extract had a Stiasny number of 92.4 percent. The extract was combined with formaldehyde to produce a resin that was used to manufacture five-layer glued laminated lumber using four wood species, namely, pangsor (Ficus callosa), mindi (Melia azedarach), pine (Pinus merkusii), and mangium (Acacia mangium). The modulus of rupture and shear strength of mangium glued laminated lumber met the requirements of the Japanese standard (\"Japanese Agricultural Standard for Structural Glued Laminated Timber,\" 2003), and all products had a low formaldehyde emission.

}, author = {A. SANTOSO and Y.S. HADI and A. PIZZI and M.C. LAGEL} } @article {1623, title = { The chemical, kinetic and mechanical characterization of tannin-based adhesives with different crosslinking systems }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES }, volume = {68}, year = {2016}, pages = {1-8}, abstract = {

Network formation, cure characteristics and bonding performance of tannin-based resins were investigated in order to establish structure-property relationships between the stage B and stage C. Tannin-aldehyde and base-catalyzed autocondensed tannin resins were synthesized and characterized for molecular weight distribution, cure kinetics and cure chemistry by means of GPC, DMA and C-13 CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy and solvent stability tests. The resins performance as wood adhesives was further established from lap-shear tests and microscopic observation of the bondline. Resins prepared with highly reactive aldehydes, such as formaldehyde or glyoxal, exhibited a significant extent of hetero-condensation reactions, fast cure kinetics, a high storage modulus and good solvent stability of the stage C-resin. In contrast, resins prepared with bulky aldehydes of low reactivity, such as citral, were dominated by autocondensation reactions, and exhibited slower cure kinetics, a lower storage modulus and solvent-stability of the stage C-resin, alike those neat autocondensed tannin resins. However, all resin systems fulfilled the standard requirements for wood adhesive bonding for interior applications. Additionally, storage modulus increase during cure was found to be a good predictor of the stiffness of the wood-bonded assembly, useful to discriminate between the autocondensation and heterocondensation cure chemistries.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01599534}, author = {R. BOHM and M. HAUPTMANN and A. PIZZI and C. FRIEDRICH and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1639, title = { Effect of Potassium on the Mechanisms of Biomass Pyrolysis Studied using Complementary Analytical Techniques }, journal = { CHEMSUSCHEM }, volume = {9}, year = {2016}, pages = {863-872}, abstract = {

Complementary analytical methods have been used to study the effect of potassium on the pyrolysis mechanisms of cellulose and lignocellulosic biomasses. Thermogravimetry, calorimetry, high-temperature H-1 NMR spectroscopy (in situ and real-time analysis of the fluid phase formed during pyrolysis), and water extraction of quenched char followed by size-exclusion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry have been combined. Potassium impregnated in cellulose suppresses the formation of anhydrosugars, reduces the formation of mobile protons, and gives rise to a mainly exothermic signal. The evolution of mobile protons formed from K-impregnated cellulose has a very similar pattern to the evolution of the mass loss rate. This methodology has been also applied to analyze miscanthus, demineralized miscanthus, miscanthus re-impregnated with potassium after demineralization, raw oak, and Douglas fir. Hydrogen mobility and transfer are of high importance in the mechanisms of biomass pyrolysis.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01416493}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and T. GHISLAIN and S. LECLERC and M. BOUROUKBA and L. DELMOTTE and N. BROSSE and C. SNAPE and P. CHAIMBAULT and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1627, title = { Environmental sustainability of bark valorisation into biofoam and syngas }, journal = { JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION }, volume = {125}, year = {2016}, pages = {33-43}, abstract = {

Conventional foams derived from petroleum are extensively used for insulating uses. Research into alternative sources to petroleum based chemicals is attracting a great deal of attention. Softwood bark and in special, maritime pine bark from European forests is an abundant co-product from forest industries. In this study, the production of formaldehyde-free tannin based biofoams to be used as building insulation materials was environmentally assessed using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology (cradle to-grave approach) as well as their valorisation into bioenergy (electricity and thermal energy) at end of their life cycle by means of their gasification into tar-free syngas and its further combustion in a CHP unit. The production chain was divided into four subsystems: forest activities (SS1), sawmill (SS2), biofoams production (SS3) and bioenergy production (SS4). Wherever possible, primary data from pilot plants were managed. Since two main co-products are obtained, three different approaches were considered and discussed: total allocation of environmental burdens to the electricity (main product), exergy based allocation and system expansion.

According to the results, SS3 was identified as the environmental hotspot regardless the impact category considered for assessment. The large requirements of electricity in the tannin extraction unit as well as the production of chemicals required for the biofoam formulation were the responsible factors of these notable contributions. Special attention should also be paid to the uncontrolled pentane emissions associated to the biofoam formulation, specifically in terms of photochemicals oxidant formation.

Remarkable environmental benefits were obtained in terms of climate change, fossil fuels depletion as well as in some toxicity related impact categories in comparison with the petroleum based foams, mainly based on the use of an abundant renewable source as raw material to produce the foams. Improvement actions should look at the reduction (or even recovery) of chemicals used, the control of diffuse emissions (e.g. pentane from evaporation unit and CHP unit) as well as the installation of a cogeneration unit to produce the electricity requirements to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01827419}, author = {S. GONZALEZ-GARCIA and C. LACOSTE and T. AICHER and G. FEIJOO and L. LIJO and M.T. MOREIRA} } @article {1622, title = { Ground plant meal potential market, functional properties and applications }, journal = { OCL-OILSEEDS AND FATS CROPS AND LIPIDS }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

The growing demand of bio-sourced products leads to an increasing interest for the development of new resources of raw materials. In order to generate a higher economic value in the oleoproteaginous sector, meals, co-products of oil extraction present qualities capable of being exploited in a wide range of sectors. These meals are mainly commercialized in feed application, but remain relatively weak used in the chemistry domain or even in food. To enlarge these applications, the pre-treatment of the raw material by grinding and air-classification offers technological outlooks for the conception of new extraction processes of interesting components. The present publication has the following goal: to examine the diversification of oleoproteaginous meal market, out of traditional usage in the chemistry domain; to characterize the meals chemical composition and their techno-functional properties; to evaluate the feasibility of valorizing these meals and their derivatives as substitutes or additives allowing the reduction of the level in petro-chemical product, for example, for the production of adhesive formulations for particle boards. To achieve this, different actions have been performed: evaluation of the potential and accessible market starting from metropolitan crops; analysis of the panorama of intellectual property for the identified markets; chemical characterization of ground plant meals and their soluble and insoluble fractions; applicability of the different obtained fractions, in terms of foaming power, emulsifier and gelifier; first application tests starting from rapeseed and sunflower meals in the wood panel board domain. The obtained results have allowed: to draw up a map of the inventive activity bound to the valorization of proteins from rapeseed, sunflower and soy meals and pea flour in various applications, highlighting the dynamism and the growing interest for industrials and academics to use oleo-proteaginous plant proteins; to explore techno-functional properties brought by these plant meals and their derivatives, in particular in the wood panel domain.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599499}, author = {A. MOREL and N. MANTRAND and S. BELAID and M. LOPEZ and D. CHEREAU and C. DEMAILLE and S. PAILLER and F. VALTER and O. GALET and J. GUEGUEN and R. KAPEL and A. PIZZI and F. GARRIGUE} } @article {1595, title = { Hydrophobisation of tannin-based foams by covalent grafting of silanes }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {92}, year = {2016}, pages = {116-126}, abstract = {

Thermally insulating foams based on Mimosa bark extracts (Acacia Meansii) were hydrophobised with the aim of decreasing their sensitivity to moisture. Two different formulations leading to rigid foams presenting similar porosity were prepared, and were covalently grafted with three kinds of organosilanes. Non-treated and hydrophobised samples were all thoroughly characterised by FTIR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and corresponding surface energy calculations, water sorption and thermal conductivity studies. Hydrophobisation produced a significant repellence towards liquid water but did not prevent water vapour sorption. Water uptake, however, was limited compared to the non-treated materials. As a result, the increase of thermal conductivity at high relative humidity was lower after hydrophobisation.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01394526}, author = {C. DELGADO-SANCHEZ and M. LETELLIER and V. FIERRO and H. CHAPUIS and C. GERARDIN and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1603, title = { Hygrothermal behavior modeling of the hygroscopic envelopes of buildings: A dynamic co-simulation approach }, journal = { BUILDING SIMULATION }, volume = {9}, year = {2016}, pages = {501-512}, abstract = {

High levels of humidity in buildings lead to building pathologies. Moisture also has an impact on the indoor air quality and the hygrothermal comfort of the building\&$\#$39;s occupants. To better assess these pathologies, it is necessary to take into account the heat and moisture transfer between the building envelope and its indoor ambience. In this work, a new methodology was developed to predict the overall behavior of buildings, which combines two simulation tools: COMSOL Multiphysics (c) and TRNSYS. The first software is used for the modeling of heat, air and moisture transfer in multilayer porous walls (HAM model: Heat, Air and Moisture transfer), and the second is used to simulate the hygrothermal behavior of the building (BES model: Building Energy Simulation). The combined software applications dynamically solve the mass and energy conservation equations of the two physical models. The HAM-BES coupling efficiency was verified. In this paper, the use of a coupled (HAM-BES) co-simulation for the prediction of the hygrothermal behavior of building envelopes is discussed. Furthermore, the effect of the 2D HAM modeling on relative humidity variations within the building ambience is shown. The results confirm the importance of the HAM modeling in the envelope on the hygrothermal behavior and energy demand of buildings.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01726570}, author = {M.Y. FERROUKHI and R. DJEDJIG and K. LIMAM and R. BELARBI} } @article {1637, title = { MALDI-TOF, C-13 NMR and FT-MIR analysis and strength characterization of glycidyl ether tannin epoxy resins }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {83}, year = {2016}, pages = {177-185}, abstract = {

The chemical modification of tannin through epoxidation is a way to develop new applications for tannins and to improve tannin resins performances. In this paper the influence of reaction conditions was studied. Commercial tannin bark extract was epoxidized. The resulting products were characterized by FT-IR Spectroscopy, C-13 NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Tannin epoxidation has been confirmed by C-13 NMR and FT-MIR. Wood specimens were bonded with mixed diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and glycidyl ether tannin (GET) epoxy resin formulations. The bonded joints were tested for block shear strength. The results obtained indicated that such formulations, based on up to 75\% commercial natural materials are capable of satisfying the shear strength requirements of relevant international standards.

}, author = {S. JAHANSHAHI and A. PIZZI and A. ABDULKHANI and K. DOOSTHOSEINI and A. SHAKERI and M.C. LAGEL and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1652, title = { Mechanisms of biomass pyrolysis studied reactor with advanced gas analysis by combining a fixed bed }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {117}, year = {2016}, pages = {334-346}, abstract = {

Slow pyrolysis of different biomasses (miscanthus, douglas fir and oak) was conducted in a U-shape fixed bed reactor combined to (1) on-line analysis of the vapors (primary tar) by soft photoionisation mass spectrometry (single photoionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometer, SPI-TOFMS), (2) quantitative off-line analysis of condensed vapors by GC*GC/MS-FID and (3) permanent gas analysis. The U-shape fixed bed reactor allows controlling external mass transfers, temperature of the bed, quenching char at targeted temperatures and quantifying mass balances. The mass yields in solid, condensable products and gas are studied between 200 degrees C and 500 degrees C. The soft on-line photoionisation analysis leads to a more interpretable mass spectra with few fragment ions and gives the evolution of the main markers of volatiles produced in real-time as a function of the temperature. The chemical structure of the markers analyzed on-line by SPI-TOFMS is assigned by GC*GC/FID-MS analysis. The mechanisms of hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis in the complex network of biomass (including minerals catalytic effect) are discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01923764}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and L.Y. JIA and S. CISSE and G. MAUVIEL and N. BROSSE and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1653, title = { Modification of condensed tannins: from polyphenol chemistry to materials engineering }, journal = { NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY }, volume = {40}, year = {2016}, pages = {36-49}, abstract = {

Condensed tannins (CTs) are high molar mass polyphenolic bio-polymers based on flavonol units. CTs have been well-studied due to their respective biological activity. However, the application of CTs in several areas is limited because of their physicochemical properties. The objective of this review is to investigate the state of the art regarding the chemical modification of CTs, and to outline recent and potential applications of tannin derivatives. An overview of the most important reactions is given, and a comprehensive summary of the experimental parameters for modification (chemicals, time, temperature, solvent type, and yield) is presented. The impact of the modification on the physicochemical properties of derivatives in comparison to native tannin behavior is discussed. Finally, the applicability of modified or unmodified CTs is described, referring to academic articles and patents. Future research in terms of modification reaction type, as well as derivatizing agents, is discussed.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599784}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and S.P. PACZKOWSKI and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1609, title = { Morphological Characterization and Quantification of the Mycelial Growth of the Brown-Rot Fungus Postia placenta for Modeling Purposes }, journal = { PLOS ONE }, volume = {11}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

Continuous observation was performed using confocal laser scanning microscopy to visualize the three-dimensional microscopic growth of the brown-rot fungus, Postia placenta, for seventeen days. The morphological characterization of Postia placenta was quantitatively determined, including the tip extension rate, branch angle and branching length, (hyphal length between two adjacent branch sites). A voxel method has been developed to measure the growth of the biomass. Additionally, the tip extension rate distribution, the branch angle distribution and the branching length distribution, which quantified the hyphal growth characteristics, were evaluated. Statistical analysis revealed that the extension rate of tips was randomly distributed in space. The branch angle distribution did not change with the development of the colony, however, the branching length distribution did vary with the development of the colony. The experimental data will be incorporated into a lattice-based model simulating the growth of Postia placenta.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01365606}, author = {H. DU and P. LV and M. AYOUZ and A. BESSERER and P. PERRE} } @article {1656, title = { Phytochemical content and in vitro antioxidant activity of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) as affected by maturity stage and cooking practice }, journal = { INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL }, volume = {23}, year = {2016}, pages = {954-961}, abstract = {

The effects of growing stage (immature and mature) and home cooking methods (boiling and steam cooking) on the phytochemical contents, and antioxidant capacity of faba bean were investigated. Different faba bean morphological fractions (whole pod, pod coat, whole seed, seed coat and cotyledon) were analyzed. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the DPPH radical scavenging capacity, total antioxidant capacity, and oxygen uptake inhibition. The results showed that the immature faba bean fractions had significantly higher phytochemical contents and displayed a better antioxidant activity than those of mature ones; the highest level of phytochemicals and the strongest antioxidant activity were recorded in the seed coat. This study demonstrates also that cooking caused significant decrease in the phytochemical bioactive contents, and antioxidant activity, depending on the morphological fraction and cooking practice. The results of this study revealed also that steam cooking would be preferred to preserve the bioactive phytochemicals of faba bean.

}, author = {S. BOUKHANOUF and H. LOUAILECHE and D. PERRIN} } @article {1621, title = { Spectroscopy analysis of phenolic and sugar patterns in a food grade chestnut tannin }, journal = { FOOD CHEMISTRY }, volume = {203}, year = {2016}, pages = {425-429}, abstract = {

Tannin of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood, commonly used in winemaking was characterised with a spectroscopy qualitative approach that revealed its phenolic composition: several vibrational diagnostic bands assigned using the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Infrared Spectroscopy, and fragmentation patterns obtained using the Laser-Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight technique evidenced polygalloylglucose, e.g. castalagin/vescalagin-like structures as the most representative molecules, together with sugar moieties. The implication of these findings on winemaking application and the potential influence of the chemical structure on the sensory properties of wine are discussed.

}, author = {A. RICCI and M.C. LAGEL and G.P. PARPINELLO and A. PIZZI and P.A. KILMARTIN and A. VERSARI} } @article {1640, title = { THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ANNINGRE TANNIN RESIN }, journal = { MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA }, volume = {18}, year = {2016}, pages = {245-252}, abstract = {

Three formulations of aningre tannin resins containing in order the paraformaldehyde powder, hexamethylenetetramine and aqueous glyoxal as hardeners were developed. Their thermogravimetric analysis have shown that they begin to decompose respectively from 135 degrees C, 145 degrees C and 140 degrees C. About 24\%, 40\% and 39\% solid residues of their initial masses exist at the end of the analysis. Thermomechanical analysis has shown that the formulation containing paraformaldehyde powder as hardener has the best rigidity and the worst contains the hexamethylenetetramine. All formulations have different thermal degradation, differences were more significant between 400 and 900 degrees C. The decomposition of hardeners become more significant from 400 degrees C.

}, author = {N. KONAI and D. RAIDANDI and A. PIZZI and P. GIRODS and M.C. LAGEL and M. KPLE} } @article {1646, title = { Wood machining with a focus on French research in the last 50 years }, journal = { ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE }, volume = {73}, year = {2016}, pages = {163-184}, abstract = {

Context Woodcutting is a very old technology but scientific research is scarce on the subject. In the last 50 years, much work on basic mechanisms as well as on industrial processes has been done in France.

Aims The specific nature of wood introduces strong differences between wood and metal cutting processes. The paper focuses on French teams\&$\#$39; contributions.

Results The basic aspects of the tool-material interaction for different basic modes in woodcutting are highlighted. In primary conversion such as sawing, veneer cutting or green wood chipping, huge progress comes from automation and the possibility of linking the process to log and product quality through new sensors. In secondary processing, much has been done on the links between the cutting process, surface qualification and the properties of these surfaces for further processing, such as gluing or coating. Tool wear depends on the cutting process, timber quality and species. Trade-offs are required in tool technology and coating technologies may improve tool life.

Conclusion A large amount of knowledge and innovation has come from 50 years of worldwide research effort, with France being particularly active in this period. The transfer of skills from metals cutting industry was often a key, but much is needed to move closer to both metal cutting sector and woodcutting skills among craftsmen.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01135156}, author = {B. THIBAUT and L. DENAUD and R. COLLET and R. MARCHAL and J. BEAUCHENE and F. MOTHE and P.J. MEAUSOONE and P. MARTIN and P. LARRICQ and F. EYMA} } @article {1401, title = {Aningre tannin extract characterisation and performance as an adhesive resin}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod}, volume = { 77}, year = {2015}, pages = {225{\textendash}231 }, author = {N. KONAI and A. PIZZI and D. RAIDANDI and M.C. LAGEL and C. L{\textquoteright}HOSTIS and C. SAIDOU and A. HAMIDO and S. ABDALLA and F. BAHABRI and A. GANASH} } @article {1549, title = { Biobased foams from condensed tannin extracts from Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {144-153}, abstract = {

Different kinds of tannin-based foams were developed in the recent past with fisetinidin/robetinidin-type tannins extracted from mimosa (Acacia mearnsii) or quebracho (Schinopsis lorentzi) bark; or procyanidin-type tannins from pine (Pious pinaster and Pinus radiata). These biobased porous products revealed excellent properties similar to their synthetic counterparts in many applications. Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark is another large potential source of procyanidin-type tannins. In this study rigid and homogeneous foams were produced from purified tannins containing at least 80\% of polyflavonoid condensed tannins. This paper deals with the study of spruce tannins reactivity for rigid foam formulations. Characterization results have point out their very good mechanical resistance (sigma \> 0.08 MPa), and low thermal conductivities (lambda \< 0.045 W/m/K) at low densities (d \< 50kg/m3).

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294580}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M. COP and K. KEMPPAINEN and S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and M.P. LABORIE and M. SERNEK and A. CELZARD} } @article {1568, title = { Characterization of Miscanthus pyrolysis by DRIFTs, UV Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {113}, year = {2015}, pages = {402-411}, abstract = {

The aim of this work was to identify and quantify the chemical and structural modifications occurring during the pyrolysis of Miscanthus x giganteus. Miscanthus was pyrolyzed at slow heating rate (5 K/min) in the temperature range 200-400 degrees C. The biochars were then characterized by combining diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectrometry (DRIFTs) and Ultraviolet Raman spectrometry (UV Raman). In addition, the quantification of the functional groups remained on the biochars was conducted by temperature programmed desorption-mass spectrometer (TPD-MS) analysis.

DRIFT analysis showed that the decrease in the hydroxyl and C-H stretching bands and the evolution of the carboxyl vibration peak mainly occur between 300 and 350 degrees C. The evolution of the main markers (H2O, CO, CO2, CH4, and H-2) of the functional groups presents in the biochars as analyzed by TPD-MS is consistent with the spectroscopic analysis. It shows two peaks. The first one in the temperature range of 200-380 degrees C was explained by the loss of the main O- and H- containing groups and to the main primary volatile compounds. The second step (above 380 degrees C) can be interpreted by the rearrangement of the aromatic rings in the polycyclic structure.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01230722}, author = {Y. ELMAY and Y. LE-BRECH and L. DELMOTTE and A. DUFOUR and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU} } @article {1560, title = { Characterization of the curing process of mixed pine and spruce tannin-based foams by different methods }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {69}, year = {2015}, pages = {29-37}, abstract = {

Dielectric analysis, rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry were used in this study to analyse the curing process of tannin-based foams using mixture of maritime pine and Norway spruce tannins. The amounts of blowing agent (pentane) and catalyst (para-toluene sulphonic acid) were varied with the aim of monitoring the changes in the curing processes of foams.

A thermal analysis carried out by differential scanning calorimetry revealed an almost finished reaction at the time of the peak temperature, occurring from the reaction of foaming, whereas conversion results derived from dielectric analysis and rheological tests indicated that curing process began after the occurrence of maximum temperature. With increased catalyst concentration, the start of curing process was accelerated, while a raised amount of pentane delayed the curing process. The curing process of the tannin-based foams was divided into three characteristic phases: the induction phase, the expansion phase, and the structure-strengthening phase.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598441}, author = {M. COP and B. GOSPODARIC and K. KEMPPAINEN and S. GIOVANDO and M.P. LABORIE and A. PIZZI and M. SERNEK} } @article {1572, title = { Cutting and grinding wheels for angle grinders with a bioresin matrix }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {264-269}, abstract = {

By using biosourced raw materials such as condensed tannins and furfuryl alcohol a biosourced thermoset resin was developed and used and tested for a new application: as a resin matrix of solid grinding wheels for angle grinders. The manufacturing procedure developed is particularly easy. Cutting and grinding discs based on this green resin were used for bonding different sizes of abrasive particles of aluminium trioxide. These discs were characterized and showed excellent abrasiveness and cutting properties. Their mechanical resistance was found to be comparable to that of commercial grinding discs bonded with synthetic phenolic resins. They tolerated well the severe stresses induced on them at 11,000 revolutions per minute (rpm) by operation in an angle grinder when grinding or cutting steel.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598432}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and J. ZHANG and A. PIZZI} } @article {1577, title = { Development and characterization of abrasive grinding wheels with a tannin-furanic resins matrix }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {65}, year = {2015}, pages = {343-348}, abstract = {

A 100\% biosourced thermoset material based on condensed tannin-furanic thermoset resins, thus using biosourced raw materials, has been used as the resin matrix of solid grinding wheels. Moreover, this new thermoset material is produced by a simple process, which can be easily industrialized. Grinding wheels based on this resin bonding different mineral and organic abrasive powders were developed and characterized. These grinding wheels show excellent abrasiveness properties when compared to a commercial grinding wheel.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01597078}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1414, title = {Dielectric barrier discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure to enhance pine wood surfaces hydrophilic character and adhesion properties}, journal = {Wood Research}, volume = {60 }, year = {2015}, chapter = {773-782}, author = {ZHANG, J. and PIZZI, A. and LAGEL, M.C. and DU, G. and ZHOU, X. and WANG,H.} } @article {1542, title = {The effect of the composition of spruce and pine tannin-based foams on their physical, morphological and compression properties}, journal = {INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS}, volume = {74}, year = {2015}, pages = {158-164}, abstract = {

Tannin-based foams were successfully prepared, using Norway spruce and maritime pine tannins. Various parameters, including the amount of procyanidins, were varied in order to observe the effect of changes in the density of the foam, on the structure its pores, and on the homogeneity, compressive strength, and compressive modulus of the foams. It was found that an optimum amount of spruce tannin exists, which results in a foam with the lowest density whereas the amount of cross-linker affects homogeneity, and the foam morphology is defined by the surfactant A partial replacement of pine tannin with spruce tannin decreased the foaming temperature and led to decreased compressive strength and a decreased compressive modulus of the foams. The main attribute affecting the reaction was the amount of polyphenols, or the amount of impurities (cellulosic sugars) present in the tannin extract.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599795}, author = {M. COP and C. LACOSTE and M. CONRADI and M.P. LABORIE and A. PIZZI and M. SERNEK} } @article {1250, title = {Enhancement of mechanical strength of environmentally friendly Pinus tannins adhesives for particleboards production using cellulose nanofibers.}, journal = {Ann. Forest Sc.}, volume = {72}, year = {2015}, pages = {27-32}, abstract = {

Condensed tannins have been successfully used as substitutes for phenol in the production of resins for wood products. However, the enhancement of the properties of tannin-based resins with nontoxic and cost effective additives is of great interest.

In the present work, the performance enhancement of tannin-based particleboards with cellulose nanofibers was investigated.

In presence of 2 \% of cellulose nanofibers, the viscosity of tannin-based adhesives and the internal bonding strength (IB) of the corresponding particleboards were increased from 350 to 5,462 mPa center dot s and from 0.85 to 0.98 MPa respectively. The modulus of elastic (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the resins were also notably increased while thickness swelling (TS) of the panels was not affected.

The addition of cellulose nanofibers to tannin adhesives is an effective method for the production of high performance particleboards. Tannin-based adhesive containing 2 \% of cellulose nanofibers exhibits the best mechanical strength.

The addition of cellulose nanofibers into tannin-based adhesives notably enhanced the mechanical properties of the wood particleboards produced. The formulation containing 2 \% (w/w) of cellulose nanofibers exhibited the best mechanical strength.

}, author = {J. CUI and X. LU and X. ZHOU and L. CHRUSCIEL and Y. DENG and H. ZHOU and S. ZHU and N. BROSSE} } @article {1395, title = {Evaluation of axial impregnation as an alternative to classical wood vacuum pressure impregnation method.}, journal = {Maderas-Cienc Tecnol}, volume = {17(4)}, year = {2015}, pages = {883 - 892}, author = {DAMAY, J. and FREDON, E. and LEMMENS, P. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1558, title = { First Tools for Tannin-Furanic Foams Design }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {5233-5241}, abstract = {

Formaldehyde-free quebracho tannin foams were prepared for the first time. Several simple formulations have been presented in order to study the capital influence of each component on foaming and therefore on the characteristics of the obtained foams. Incorporation of a non-ionic surfactant leads to smaller cells and a more homogeneous cell size distribution. Cross-linking agents improve the mechanical properties of foams. A combination of different catalysts allows control of the ratio between the expansion/hardening processes. The understanding of the roles and interactions of the different components of formulation make possible the design of tannin foams having specific properties.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294586}, author = {M.C. BASSO and M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1570, title = { Flavonoid tannins linked to long carbohydrate chains - MALDI-TOF analysis of the tannin extract of the African locust bean shells }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {25-32}, abstract = {

Nere (Parkia biglobosa) or African locust bean tree tannins have been extracted in two different ways: (i) by an artisanal maceration method and (ii) by a commercial-like extraction in presence of bisulfite. The type of oligomers obtained in the two cases were rather different. Mostly polyphenolic oligomers are present in the case of the commercial like extraction, while for the artisanal maceration technique the unusual presence of long carbohydrate residues attached to the flavonoids were obtained. MALDI-TOF analysis showed short flavonoid oligomers linked to chains presenting up to 22 carbohydrate residues. Some stilbenes were also noticed in the extracts. These differences in the extracts obtained by different methods indicates that an extraction procedure needs to be chosen according to the final use the tannin extract is destined to.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598433}, author = {S. DROVOU and A. PIZZI and C. LACOSTE and J.Z. ZHANG and S. ABDULLA and F.M. EL-MARZOUKI} } @article {1553, title = { Flexural strengthening of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams with CFRP }, journal = { JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY }, volume = {29}, year = {2015}, pages = {2104-2116}, abstract = {

This study describes an experimental and numerical investigation of the use of CFRP material for strengthening finger-jointed Spruce timber beams. The corresponding experimental work was based on a four-point bending test configuration in order to characterise stiffness, ductility and strength. The results show that the external bonding of CFRP increased the ultimate load-bearing capacity of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams under flexure. FE simulations were also carried out, based on the cohesive zone model (CZM) available in Abaqus software to allow an accurate description of the damage evolution of the bond lines within the finger joint until failure. The FE models incorporated the different materials\&$\#$39; nonlinear constitutive laws including bond-slip action between finger joints and CFRP-timber interface. The results indicated increases of 33.84\% and 16.7\% for flexural capacity and initial stiffness, respectively, in comparison with unreinforced finger-jointed Spruce specimens. Besides, comparisons of computed and experimental ultimate loads for all tested specimens showed that the absolute error was around 5\%. It is concluded that the developed FE models are able to predict accurately ultimate load and failure mode of finger-jointed Spruce timber beams strengthened with CFRP materials.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294579}, author = {M. KHELIFA and M.A. LAHOUAR and A. CELZARD} } @article {1567, title = { Formaldehyde-Free Prorobitenidin/Profi setinidin Tannin/Furanic Foams Based on Alternative Aldehydes: Glyoxal and Glutaraldehyde }, journal = { JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS }, volume = {3}, year = {2015}, pages = {142-150}, abstract = {

Tannin/furanic foams, typically 95\% composed of materials of natural origin such as prorobinetinidin/profisetinidin tannins and furfuryl alcohol, are potential alternatives to oil-based synthetic foams such as phenol-formaldehyde, and polyurethane foams. This article describes the development of second generation tannin/furanic foams, which are not only formaldehyde free, but also use nonvolatile, nontoxic aldehydes. Both glyoxal and glutaraldehyde were tried to substitute formaldehyde in tannin/furanic foams. The physical properties of these new foams are described and discussed. It was found that glutaraldehyde can totally substitute formaldehyde during tannin/furanic foam preparation, but that glyoxal cannot. The optimized proportion to prepare such new foams is tannin: glutaraldehyde = 30:4 by weight. Formaldehyde-free glutaraldehyde-containing foams are open-celled and present good compression resistance and high thermal insulation.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294584}, author = {X. LI and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1579, title = { High Resolution Solid State 2D NMR Analysis of Biomass and Biochar }, journal = { ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY }, volume = {87}, year = {2015}, pages = {843-847}, abstract = {

Solid state NMR methods are required to analyze biomass as a function of its chemical or biological treatment for biofuels, chemicals, or biochar production. The native polymers network in lignocellulosic biomass and other solid materials, such as coal, coke, or biochar, can hardly be analyzed by liquid state NMR due to their poor swelling ability without chemical modification. A H-1-C-13 two-dimensional heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) experiment with frequency-switched Lee-Goldburg (FSLG) irradiation is performed on a high field spectrometer (750 MHz). This method leads to previously unattained resolution for biomass and biochar and offers a unique ability to reveal their chemical composition. The formation of aromatic moieties from carbohydrates and lignin thermal conversion is clearly distinguished. This method can be applied to all other carbonaceous materials.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01101584}, author = {Y. LE-BRECH and L. DELMOTTE and J. RAYA and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1565, title = { Hydroxypropyl tannin from Pinus pinaster bark as polyol source in urethane chemistry }, journal = { EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {152-165}, abstract = {

Novel thermosetting polyphenol-based polyurethane (PU) films were prepared using condensed tannin (CTs) and hydroxypropyl tannin derivatives (HPTs) from Pinus pinaster bark and diisocyanates. Four HPTs with a degree of substitution (DS) rising stepwise from 1 to 4 were crosslinked with either an aromatic (polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI)) or an aliphatic isocyanate (hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)). Chemical structure, moisture sorption, thermal, and morphological properties of the films were studied. Properties varies with NCO:OH ratio (0.5-4.0), DS, diisocyanate type, and cross-link density (CD). Partial tannin hydroxypropylation (DS 2, 3) based/films showed a flexible-type character in term of Young\&$\#$39;s modulus, elongation and tensile strain. Significant relationships were established between CD and physicochemical properties. HPTs constitute suitable macro building-block polyols for urethane chemistry.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01598443}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and S. PACZKOWSKI and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1586, title = { Hyperbranched Poly(amidoamine)s as Additives for Urea Formaldehyde Resin and Their Application in Particleboard Fabrication }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {782-792}, abstract = {

Three types of hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s (PAMAMs), namely HB(MA-EDA)1, HB(MA-EDA)3, and HB(MA-DETA)1.2, were synthesized and used as modifiers for urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. Particleboards bonded with these modified UF resins were fabricated and evaluated. The results showed that these PAMAMs caused some adverse effects on UF resin performance. The main problems of PAMAMs were their high buffer capacity and high pH values, which are attributed to the peripheral amino groups at the terminals, both of which had a serious negative influence on UF resin curing. These findings were supported by the gel time measurements in parallel with a predictive investigation on the resins using thermomechanical analysis (TMA). The gel time was prolonged, and the maximum modulus of elasticity (MOE) values decreased with the addition of HB(MA-EDA)3. The use of a strong acid curing agent (HCOOH) could reduce the gel time into a normal range; however the performance of the corresponding particleboards still deteriorated. Therefore, these PAMAMs are considered not suitable for the modification of UF resin when applied as final additives. Beyond all expectations, the modified UF resin that employed very finite amounts of HB(MA-EDA)1 as a pH regulator instead of NaOH yielded a considerable upgrade in performance of the produced particleboards.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01598426/}, author = {J.Z. ZHANG and S. AMIROU and H.A. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and Q. GAO and J.Z. LI} } @article {1555, title = {An interpretation of the hydrogen inhibiting effect on chemical vapor deposition of pyrocarbon}, journal = { JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS }, volume = {115}, year = {2015}, pages = {299-306}, abstract = {

A detailed kinetic mechanism, based on elementary steps, modeling both pyrocarbon deposition and gas phase composition obtained by propane pyrolysis on carbon fibers was recently proposed. This model, based on heterogeneous and homogeneous elementary steps was efficient to predict pyrocarbon deposition rate and gas phase composition when the influence of temperature (1173-1323 K), residence time (0.5-4s), carbon surface fibers, and reactor inlet mixture were studied. In this paper, we discuss experimental and modeling results of hydrogen inhibiting effects on pyrocarbon deposited and gas phase composition during propane/hydrogen pyrolysis (temperature 1273 K, residence time 1 s, surface fibers 3960 cm(-1)). Simulated results are coherent with experimental data when the pyrocarbon deposition rate is studied. Compared to pure propane chemical vapor deposition, the mole fractions of C-2 gas phase species are not affected by an increasing of hydrogen inlet, whereas pyrocarbon deposition rate and mole fractions of C-3 and aromatic species decrease. These results also confirm, in accordance with the literature, that hydrogen inhibits highly the formation of pyrocarbon and aromatic species.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01266246}, author = {I. ZIEGLER-DEVIN and R. FOURNET and R. LACROIX and P.M. MARQUAIRE} } @article {1397, title = {Investigations on Wood Treatment by Eco-friendly Hydroxypolyurethanes}, journal = { INTERNATIONAL WOOD PRODUCTS JOURNAL }, volume = {6}, year = {2015}, pages = {31-35}, abstract = {

Dimensional stabilisation is a crucial property for using wood in most applications. Therefore an isocyanate-free route is proposed, based on the reaction of various diamines with dicarbonates obtained by addition of two glycerol carbonates moieties on a linker. For the initial experiments, the mildest conditions to perform the reaction are researched with model mono-and polyamines without wood: solvent, temperature, number of equivalent and regioselectivity were investigated. Subsequently, beech wood blocks were impregnated by a double vacuum process involving cyclic carbonates and then polyamines. The key step was a polycondensation performed in the beech blocks after the monomers had been impregnated. Resistance of treatment to leaching, anti-swelling efficiency and decay durability versus Poria placenta were evaluated. Results were promising with ASE values of about 70\% for a weight gain of approximately 30\% after leaching. Biological tests indicated also an improvement of resistance to fungal decay of beech wood.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01597990}, author = {S. DUMARCAY and K. IAYCH and A. LEMOR and P. GERARDIN} } @article {1413, title = {MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of the curing of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) wood adhesives induced by propylene carbonate,}, journal = {, Eur. J. Wood Prod.}, volume = {73 }, year = {2015}, chapter = {135-138}, author = {ZHANG, J. and PIZZI, A. and LI, J. and ZHANG, W.} } @article {1548, title = { Natural albumin/tannin cellular foams }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {41-48}, abstract = {

Albumin/tannin-based foams were prepared under alkaline or acid conditions by whipping up a water solution of a protein, egg albumin, mixed with a second water solution of condensed flavonoid tannins. Foam formulations with 4 different condensed tannin bark extracts and different relative proportions of protein and tannin were developed with a rapid foaming process where the protein has a double function: co-reagent and surfactant as well. Physical properties such as mechanical performance, thermal conductivity, and porous structure were characterised to identify the large potential of applications of these new cellular foams, fully bio-based and probable easier biodegradability. Moreover, some albumin-based foams were found to be completely flexible in certain conditions.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294576}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1583, title = { NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER DURING SOLIDIFICATION IN A RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE WITH INTERNALLY HORIZONTAL PARTIAL FINS}, journal = { COMPUTATIONAL THERMAL SCIENCES }, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, pages = {293-312}, abstract = {

The paper aims to investigate numerically the thermal and flow characteristics of an internally finned rectangular enclosure during the solidification process of a superheated phase change material (PCM). This work is motivated by the need to intensify heat transfer and accelerate the discharge process in latent heat storage units. A mathematical model is developed and a fixed-grid enthalpy formulation is adopted for modeling the solidification process coupling with convection-conduction heat transfer. The finite volume method was used for discretization. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental and numerical ones found in the literature and reasonable agreement is obtained. Numerical investigations were carried out to evaluate the effects of the aspect ratios of the rectangular enclosure, A, and fins, A(f), on the heat transfer enhancement, by keeping the mass of the PCM and fins constant. Solutions are obtained for aspect ratios A (ranging from 3 to 8) and A(f) (ranging from 2.69 to 13.89). A comparative study of finned and unfinned enclosures shows clearly that introducing fins weakens the undesirable natural convection, improves the nondimensional rate of heat extraction, and assures rapid solidification. Results indicate that for an aspect ratio A = 4 and in the range of the aspect ratio A(f) explored in this study, the nondimensional solidification time is reduced by 17.74\%. The results also reveal that for a fin aspect ratio of A(f) = 5, the nondimensional solidification time is reduced by 49.48\% when the aspect ratio of the enclosure, A, varies from 3 to 8.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599785}, author = {L. KHATRA and H. EL-QARNIA and M. EL-GANAOUI and E. LAKHAL} } @article {1402, title = {Phenol-wheat protein-formaldehyde adhesives for wood-based panels}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Prod}, volume = {73(4)}, year = {2015}, pages = {439-448}, author = {MC. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. REDL and F.M. AL-MARZOUKI} } @article {1571, title = { Pine (P. pinaster) and quebracho (S. lorentzii) tannin-based foams as green acoustic absorbers }, journal = { INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS }, volume = {67}, year = {2015}, pages = {70-73}, abstract = {

Open cells structure tannin-furanic foams prepared using two different types of tannins have been shown to give good sound absorption/acoustic insulation characteristics at medium and high frequencies (1000-4000 Hz) with coefficients of acoustic absorption of 0.85-0.97. Their acoustic absorption coefficient was lower 0.40-0.60 at lower frequencies (250-500 Hz). Compared with commercial foams, tannin-furanic foams have the same typical behavior of light porous materials. The more open-cell is the material the better is its sound absorption. Thicker samples absorb better at medium frequencies for all types of porous material tested.

}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01294760}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and E.E. EBANG and N. GALLON and B. CHARRIER} } @article {1559, title = { Preparation and Characterization of Grinding Wheels Based on a Bioresin Matrix and Glass Sand Abrasives }, journal = { BIORESOURCES }, volume = {10}, year = {2015}, pages = {5369-5380}, abstract = {

A 100\% renewable, easily-prepared, and industrialized abrasive grinding wheel was produced based on a biobased thermosetting resins matrix; the matrix was made of condensed tannin-furanic resin, originating from biosourced raw materials such as tree barks and crops, which bond the particles of glass sand. These grinding wheels exhibited no cracks or pores. Moreover, the related properties of these products were characterized by the measurements of compression resistance, Brinell hardness, and wear resistance; the results were comparable to those of commercial grinding wheels prepared with synthetic phenolic resins and aluminum oxide particles. The results indicated that incomparable hardness and strong resistance towards compression can be obtained using the new tannin-based grinding wheels. Besides that, the results also revealed excellent properties of abrasiveness when compared to a commercial Taber Calibrade wheel H-18.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599793}, author = {J. ZHANG and H. LUO and A. PIZZI and G. DU and S. DENG} } @article {1547, title = {Reinforcement of dowel type connections}, journal = {CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS}, volume = {97}, year = {2015}, pages = {48-54}, abstract = {

A good design of dowel type fastener connections is essential to ensure safe designs for the whole structure and cost effective solutions. With reinforced connections, engineers can achieve better capacity of the connection and safer designs by increasing the ductility of the connection (so-called \"capacity design\" with a ductile connection to be the weak point). This paper presents an overview of the reinforcement of dowel type connections. Most of the failures encountered in dowel type connections occur because of an excess of shear stresses or tensile stresses perpendicular to the grain in the connection area. Because of the large amount of situations and reinforcement techniques, this report mainly focuses on the reinforcement of dowel-type connections when the dowels are mainly loaded parallel to the grain. For such connections, modes of failure of un-reinforced and reinforced connections, updated design models and the effect of the reinforcement on the ductility of the connection will be presented. Among the various types of reinforcement techniques available, nowadays, self-tapping screws have found a wide field of application and they will be the main focus of this report.

}, author = {D. LATHUILLIERE and L. BL{\'E}RON and T. DESCAMPS and J.F. BOCQUET} } @article {1251, title = {Resolution solid state 2D NMR analysis of biomass and biochar }, journal = {Analytical Chemistry }, volume = {87}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, chapter = {843}, author = {Y. LEBRECH and L. DELMOTTE and J. RAYA and N. BROSSE and R. GADIOU and A. DUFOUR} } @article {1564, title = { Spreading of transverse compressive stresses in glued laminated timber }, journal = { EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS }, volume = {73}, year = {2015}, pages = {475-484}, abstract = {

This paper presents a new approach for understanding localized compressive behavior perpendicular to the grain based on beams subjected to three-point bending. It was intended to take into account the coupling between compressive stresses perpendicular to the grain due to support reactions and shear stresses. To validate this, model, results of compression tests have been examined. The digital image correlation (DIC) method has been applied in order to analyze the deformation fields in support areas. The tests allow confirming the presence of spreading effect in the vicinity of support areas according to the DIC method. An analytical formulation has therefore been proposed to quantify distribution versus increasing compressive strength perpendicular to the grain, including shear effects. A scale effect and support conditions have also been highlighted using three different geometries and two types of tests.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/LERMAB-UL/hal-01599802}, author = {D. LATHUILLIERE and O. POP and L. BL{\'E}RON and F. DUBOIS and F. FOUCHAL and J.F. BOCQUET} } @article {1403, title = {Synthesis of bio-adhesives from soybean flour and furfural: relationship between furfural level and sodium hydroxide concentration}, journal = { Int. J. Adhesion Adhesives. }, volume = {63}, year = {2015}, pages = {74-78 }, author = {E. LEPINE and B. RIEDL and X-M. WANG and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and J-M. HARDY and M-J. RAIZER-DA-CRUZ} } @article {1588, title = { Using Local Climate Zone scheme for UHI assessment: Evaluation of the method using mobile measurements }, journal = { BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT }, volume = {83}, year = {2015}, pages = {39-49}, abstract = {

In the context of expansion of cities and raise of climate change awareness, urban planers are looking for methods and tools in order to take into account the urban heat island phenomenon. This study analyzes the way urban fabric modifies urban climate through the utilization of a climate scheme called Local Climate Zone (LCZ). This classification has been applied in Nancy (France). Urban indicators have been calculated so as to build 13 LCZ in the Great Nancy Area. The screen-height air temperature distribution has been investigated inside these LCZ via mobile measurements. Air temperature amplitude has mainly demonstrated lower values at nighttime than in daytime in urbanized LCZ types. Recurrent microscale hotspots and coldspots have been located in LCZ presenting heterogeneous urban fabric. Two Control Sites (CS) have been built in each LCZ. The CS average temperature has revealed good likeness with the spatially averaged air temperature. Average nocturnal air temperature differences between pairs of LCZ types have been obtained. These differences vary from less than 1 degrees degrees C for close LCZ types to more than 4 degrees degrees C for dissimilar LCZ types.

}, url = {https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01599791}, author = {F. LECONTE and J. BOUYER and R. CLAVERIE and M. PETRISSANS} } @article {1259, title = {Wood machining with a focus on French research in the last 50 years}, journal = {Annals of Forest Science}, volume = {72}, year = {2015}, author = {B. THIBAULT and L. DENAUD and R. COLLET and R. MARCHAL and J. BEAUCHENE and F. MOTHE and P. MARTIN and P.J. MEAUSOONE and P. LARRICQ and F. EYMA} } @article {1182, title = {Alkaline tannin rigid foams. }, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {182}, author = {M.C. BASSO and S. GIOVANDO and A. PIZZI and M.C. LAGEL and A. CELZARD} } @article {701, title = {Analysis of CFRP-strengthened timber beams}, journal = {Journal of adhesion science and technology}, volume = {28}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1-14}, author = {M. KHELIFA and NV. LOPERENA and L. BL{\'E}RON and A. KHENNANE} } @article {1233, title = {Changes in bioactive phytochemical content and in vitro antioxidant activity of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) as influenced by fruit ripening. }, journal = {Industrial Crops \& Products}, volume = {60}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {298}, author = {Y. BENCHIKH and H. LOUAILECHE and B. GEORGE and A. MERLIN} } @article {1187, title = {Characterisation and application of urea-formaldehyde-furfural co-condensed resins as wood adhesives.}, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {6267}, author = {J. ZHANG and H. CHEN and A. PIZZI and Y. LI and Q. GAO and J. LI} } @article {1213, title = {CO2 adsorption capacities of active chars prepared from wood laminated flooring wate}, journal = {International Journal of Energy, Environment, and Economics}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. DEBAL and P. GIRODS and J. LEMONON and N. MEYER and C. TILLOY and A. DONNOT and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1194, title = {Comparison of linear vibration welded joints in three different directions of the wood tauari (Couratari oblongifolia)}, journal = {Int. Wood Products J.}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {228}, author = {H. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and X. LU and G. JANIN} } @article {1178, title = {Creep and temperature dependant creep of one component polyurethane adhesives for green wood gluing. }, journal = {Wood Research (Slovakia)}, volume = {59}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {265}, author = {N.A. BIN and X. LU and A. PIZZI} } @article {1175, title = {Curing characterisation of spruce tannin-based foams using the advances isoconversional method}, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {4643}, author = {M. COP and M.P. LABORIE and A. PIZZI and M. SERNEK} } @article {1197, title = {Development and characterisation of abrasive grinding wheels with a tannin-furanic resin matrix. }, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, year = {2014}, month = {11/2014}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and S. ABDALLA} } @article {1177, title = {Development and characterization of phenolic foams with phenol-formaldehyde-chestnut tannins resin.}, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {220}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and S. GIOVANDO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1165, title = {D{\'e}veloppement et caract{\'e}risation de mousses {\`a} base de tannin de quebracho.}, journal = {Mat{\'e}riaux \& Techniques}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. MARTINEZ-DE-YUSO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and V. FIERRO} } @article {1198, title = {Effect of some hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s as additives for urea formaldehyde (UF) resin before their application in particleboards fabrication. }, journal = {BioRessources}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {782}, author = {J. ZHANG and S. AMIROU and A. PIZZI and Q. GAO and H. ESSAWY and J. LI} } @article {1001, title = {Enhancement of Mechanical Strength of Environmentally Friendly Pinus Tannins Adhesives for Particleboard Production using Cellulose Nanofibers}, journal = {Ann. Forest Sc.}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {CUI, J. and LU, X. and ZHOU, X. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and DENG, Y. and ZHOU, H. and ZHU, S. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1180, title = {Flexible tannin-furanic films and lacquers.}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {61}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {352}, author = {M.C. BASSO and C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and E. FREDON and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1167, title = {Limoniastrum guyonianum aqueous gall extract induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting calpain activity. }, journal = {Tumor Biology}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {M. KRIFA and A. PIZZI and M. MOUSLI and L. CHEKIR-GHEDIRA and L. LELOUP and K. GHEDIRA} } @article {1185, title = {Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry of phenol-formaldehyde-chestnut tannin resins. }, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {207}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and S. GIOVANDO} } @article {1003, title = {Nitrogen Removal from Wood Laminated Flooring Waste by Low-Temperature Pyrolysis}, journal = {Waste and Biomass Valorization}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {199-209}, author = {LEMONON, J. and GIRODS, P. and ROGAUME, C. and PERRIN, D. and ROGAUME, Y.} } @article {1160, title = {Optimisation of tensile shear strength of linear mechanically wleded outer to inner Moso Bamboo (phyllostachys pubescens)}, journal = {BioRessources }, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2500}, author = {H. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X. LU and X. ZHOU} } @article {1181, title = { Palmyra palm bonding by vibrational welding.}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood \& Wood products}, volume = {72}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {693}, author = {H. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and X. LU and G. JANIN} } @article {1159, title = {Performance and reaction mechanism of Zero formaldehyde-emission urea flyoxal (UG) resin.}, journal = {J. Taiwan Inst. Chem Engineers}, volume = {45}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2029}, author = {S. DENG and G. DU and X. LI and A. PIZZI} } @article {1176, title = {Performance of larch (Larix gmelini) tanninmodified urea-formaldehyde (TUF) resin and plywood bonded by TUF resin. }, journal = {J. Appl. Polym. Sciences}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {J. ZHANG and H.J. KANG and Q. GAO and J. LI and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {1192, title = {Phenol-wheat protein-formaldehyde adhesives for wood-based panels. }, journal = {ProLigno}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {3}, author = {M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and A. REDL} } @article {1173, title = {Pinus pinaster tannin/furanic foams : Part 2: physical properties.}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, year = {2014}, author = {C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and M.P. LABORIE and A. CELZARD} } @article {703, title = {Pinus pinaster tannin/furanic foams: PART I. Formulation.}, journal = {Industrial crops and products.}, volume = {52}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {450-456}, author = {C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and M.C. BASSO and MP. LABORIE and A. CELZARD} } @article {1189, title = {Polyphenolic resins prepared with maritime pine bark tannin and natural bulky-aldehydes.}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {62}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {84}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and C. LACOSTE and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {1208, title = {Preactivated Oxazaphosphorines designed for isophosphoramide mustard delivery as bulk form or nanoassemblies: synthesis and proof of concept. }, journal = {J. Med. Chem}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {C. SKARBEK and L. LESUEUR and H. CHAPUIS and A. DEROUSSENT and C. PIOCHE-DURIEUR and A. DAVILLE and J. CARON and M. RIVARD and T. MARTENS and J.R. BERTRAND and E. LE-CAM and G. VASSAL and P. COUVREUR and D. DESMAELE and A. PACI} } @article {1184, title = {A SEM record of proteins-derived microcellular silicon carbide foams. }, journal = {J. Renewable Mat.}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {230}, author = {A. PIZZI and C. ZOLLFRANK and X. LI and M. CANGEMI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1295, title = {Simulation of hydrogen absorption in a magnesium hybride tank}, journal = {Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing}, volume = {10}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {149}, author = {K. LAHMER and R. BESSA{\"I}H and A. SCIPIONI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {1174, title = {Structure and properties of rigid foams derived from quebracho tannin.}, journal = {Materials \& Design }, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {A. MARTINEZ-DE-YUSO and M.C. LAGEL and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1190, title = {Substitution pattern elucidation of hydroxypropyl Pinus pinaster (Ait.) bark polyflavonoids derivatives by ESI(-)-MS/MS. }, journal = {J. Mass Spectrometry}, volume = {49}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {1050}, author = {D.E. GARCIA and W.G. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and S. PACZKOWSKI and M.P. LABORIE} } @article {694, title = {Synthesis and physicochemical properties of hydroxypropyl tannins form maritime pine bark (Pinus pinaster Ait.)}, journal = {Holzforschung}, volume = {68}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {411-418}, author = {DE. GARCIA and WG. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and A. OSORIO-MADRAZO and MP. LABORIE} } @article {1199, title = {Tannin-furanic-polyurethane foams for industrial continuous plant lines}, journal = {Polymers}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {2985}, author = {M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and C. LACOSTE and L. DELMOTTE and F.A. AL-MARZOUKI and S. ABDALLA and A. CELZARD} } @article {1217, title = {TG-FTIR kinetic study of the thermal cleaning of wood laminated flooring waste. }, journal = {Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry}, volume = {118}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {141}, author = {M. DEBAL and P. GIRODS and J. LEMONON and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {1188, title = {Tortuosity studies of cellular vitreous carbon foams. }, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {80}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, chapter = {193}, author = {M. LETELLIER and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {1179, title = {Utilization of hydrophilic/hydrophobic Hyperbranched Poly(amidoamines)s additives fort melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives.}, journal = {Polymer Composites}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, author = {S. AMIROU and J. ZHANG and A. PIZZI and H. ESSAWY and A. ZERIZER and J. LI and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {644, title = {Bioresourced pine tannin/furanic foams with glyoxal and glutaraldehyde}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {401-405}, author = {C. LACOSTE and M.C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and M.-P. LABORIE and D. GARCIA and A. CELZARD} } @article {672, title = {Development of a new method for pilot scale production of high grade oil palm plywood: Effect of resin content on the mechanical properties, bonding quality and formaldehyde emission of palm plywood}, journal = {Materials \& Design}, volume = {52}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {828-834}, author = {YEOH-BENG, H. and YUEH-FENG, L. and LUGMAN-ABD, C. and IDRUS, J. and PIZZI, A. and TAHIR-PARIDAH, MD. and HARUN, J.} } @article {687, title = {Fast pressing composite using tannin-furfuryl alcohol resin and vegetal fibers reinforcement}, journal = { J.Renewable Mat.}, volume = {1}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {311-316}, author = {A. NICOLLIN and X. LI and P. GIRODS and A. PIZZI and Y. ROGAUME} } @article {616, title = {Formaldehyde and VOCs emissions from bio-particleboards}, journal = {Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {748-762}, author = {P. NAVARETTE and Z. KEBBI and F. MICHENOT and J. LEMONON and C. ROGAUME and E. MASSON and Y. ROGAUME and A. PIZZI} } @article {688, title = {Hydroxypropyl tannin derivatives from Pinus pinaster (Ait.) bark}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Pro.}, volume = {49}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {730-739}, author = {D. GARCIA and W. GLASSER and A. PIZZI and A. OSORIO-MADRAZO and M.-P. LABORIE} } @article {632, title = {Lightweight tannin foam/composites sandwich panels and the coldset tannin adhesive to assemble them}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {255-260}, author = {X. ZHOU and A. PIZZI and A. SAUGET and A. NICOLLIN and X. LI and A. CELZARD and H. PASCH and K. RODE} } @article {1211, title = {modeling of chloride of hydrogen and free chloride emission form thermal treatment of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based plastic materials. }, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {101}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {209}, author = {JPB. KARAMA and A. BERE and J. LEMONON and T. DAHO and A. DISSA and Y. ROGAUME and J. KOULIDIATI} } @article {635, title = {Nanotube-reinforced tannin/furanic rigid foams}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {X. LI and V.K. SRIVASTAVA and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD and J.M. LEBAN} } @article {673, title = {Natural tannin/furanic thermosetting moulding plastics}, journal = {RSC (Royal Chemical Society) Advances}, volume = {3}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {17732-17740}, author = {X. LI and A. NICOLLIN and A. PIZZI and X. ZHOU and A. SAUGET and L. DELMOTTE} } @article {612, title = {New substrates and activity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium Omega glutathione transferases.}, journal = {Biochimie}, volume = {95}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {336-346}, author = {E. MEUX and M. MOREL and T. LAMANT and P. GERARDIN and JP. JACQUOT and S. DUMARCAY and E. GELHAYE} } @article {628, title = {Nitrogen removal from wood laminated flooring waste by low-temperature pyrolysis.}, journal = {Waste Biomass Valor.}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {J. LEMONON and P. GIRODS and C. ROGAUME and A. ZOULALIAN and Y. ROGAUME and D. PERRIN} } @article {664, title = {Physical properties of tannin/furanic resin foamed by different blowing agents}, journal = {BioResources}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {743-752}, author = {X. LI and C. LACOSTE and A. PIZZI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {633, title = {Pine tannin-based rigid foams: mechanical and thermal properties}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, author = {C. LACOSTE and C. BASSO and A. PIZZI and M.-P. LABORIE and A. CELZARD} } @article {683, title = {Poly(amidoamine)s dendrimers of different generations as components of melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives used for particleboards production: What are the positive implications?}, journal = {J.Polymer Res.}, volume = {20}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {267-280}, author = {X. ZHOU and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and X. LI and H. PASCH and N. PRETORIUS and G. DU} } @article {601, title = {Pyrolysis of propane for CVI of pyrocarbon. Part IV : Main pathways involved in pyrocarbon deposit Ziegler-Devin}, journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, volume = {104}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {48-58}, author = {R. FOUMET and R. LACROIX and P-M. MARQUAIRE} } @article {1242, title = {Study on a bamboo stressed flattening process}, journal = {Eur. J. Wood Products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {291}, author = {J. LIU and H. ZHANG and L. CHRUSCIEL and B. NA and X. LU} } @article {630, title = {Study on a bamboo stressed flattening process.}, journal = {European journal of wood and wood products}, volume = {71}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {291-296}, author = {L. JIN and H. ZHANG and L. CHRUSCIEL and B. NA and X. LU} } @article {636, title = {Upgrading of MUF Wood Adhesives for Particleboard by Highly-Branched Polymers}, journal = {J.Adh.Sci.Technol}, volume = {27}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, chapter = {1058-1068}, author = {X. ZHOU and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and X. LI and K. RODE and G. DU} } @article {1279, title = {Analytical and innovative solutions for heat transfer problems involving phase change and interfaces. }, journal = {Comptes Rendus M{\'e}canique}, volume = {340}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {463}, author = {M. EL-GANAOUI and J. HRISTOV and M. LACROIX} } @article {1278, title = {Analytical computation of transient heat transfer and macro-constriction resistance applied to thermal spraying processes}, journal = {Comptes Rendus M{\'e}canique}, volume = {340}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {536}, author = {N. LARAQI and M. EL-GANAOUI} } @article {552, title = {Bond Graph Approach for Modeling and Analysis of Transient Heat Conduction in the Prospect of Energy Building Applicatio}, journal = {International Journal of Energy Environment and Economics}, volume = {20}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {53-74}, author = {S. MOKRAOUI and MERABTINE, A. and BENELMIR, R. and N. LARAQI} } @article {548, title = {A Bond Graph Model Validation of an experimental single zone building}, journal = {Journal of Fluid Dynamic and Material Process (FDMP)}, volume = {8}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {215-240}, author = {MERABTINE, A. and S. MOKRAOUI and BENELMIR, R. and N. LARAQI} } @article {557, title = {Characterization of a Phanerochaete chrysosporium Glutathione Transferase Reveals a Novel Structural and Functional Class with Ligandin Properties}, journal = {Journal of Biological Chemistry}, volume = {287}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {39001-39011}, author = {Y. MATHIEU and P. PROSPER and M. BUEE and S. DUMARCAY and F. FAVIER and E. GELHAYE and P. GERARDIN and L. HARVENGT and J-P. JACQUOT and T. LAMANT} } @article {577, title = {Chemical modification of tannin/furanic rigid foams by isocyanates and polyurethanes}, journal = {Maderas}, volume = {14}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {257-265}, author = {X. LI and M.C. BASSO and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {536, title = {Condensed tannins from grape pomace : characterization by FTIR and MALDI TOF and production of environment friendly wood adhesive}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {40}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {13-20}, author = {LANG,PING and PIZZI, A. and ZHOU-DING, G. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {524, title = {Efficacy of tannin in fixing boron in wood: fungal and termite resistance}, journal = {Bioresources}, volume = {7}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {1238-1252}, author = {G. TONDI and S. WIELAND and N. LEMENAGER and A. PETUTSCHNIGG and A. PIZZI and M.F. THEVENON} } @article {1274, title = {Exergetic Analyses of a Particular Absorption Cooling System}, journal = {Defect and Diffusion Forum}, volume = {326-328}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {641}, author = {BOUAZIZ N. and LOUNISSI D. and KAIROUANI L. and El-GANAOUI M.} } @article {523, title = {Flexible natural tannin-based and protein-based biosourced foams}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Products}, volume = {37}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {389-393}, author = {X. LI and A. PIZZI and M. CANGEMI and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {540, title = {Influence of machine setting and wood parameters on crack-propagation in Scots pine joints produced by linear friction welding}, journal = {J.Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {2189-2197}, author = {M. VAZIRI and O. LINDGREN and A. PIZZI} } @article {520, title = {Insulation rigid and elastic foams based on albumin}, journal = {Ind.Crops \& Products}, volume = {37}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {149-154}, author = {X. LI and A. PIZZI and M. CANGEMI and P. NAVARRETE and C. SEGOVIA and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1222, title = {Mod{\'e}lisation par la m{\'e}thode Bond Graph d{\textquoteright}un syst{\`e}me combin{\'e} planch{\'e} chauffant - plafond raffraichissant.}, journal = {Mechanics \& Industry}, volume = {13}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {77}, author = {A. Merabtine and S. MOKRAOUI and R. Benelmir and N. LARAQI} } @article {1150, title = {Modification of tannin based rigid foams using oligomers of a hyperbranched poly(amine-ester).}, journal = {J. Polymer research}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, author = {X. LI and H. ESSAWY and A. PIZZI and L. DELMOTTE and K. RODE and D. LE NOUEN and V. FIERRO and A. CELZARD} } @article {1268, title = {The optimal design of sheet metal forming processes : Application to the clinching of thin sheets.}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology}, volume = {43}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {110}, author = {N. LEBAAL and M. OUDJENE and S. ROTH} } @article {519, title = {Optimisation of tensile-shear strength for linear welded Scots pine}, journal = {J.Adhesion Sci.Technol}, volume = {26}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {109-119}, author = {M. VAZIRI and O. LINDGREN and A. PIZZI} } @article {537, title = {Radiative properties of tannin-based, glasslike, carbon foams}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {50}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {4102-4113}, author = {CELZARD, A. and TONDI, G. and LACROIX, D. and JEANDEL, G. and MONOD, B. and FIERRO, V. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {522, title = {Tailoring the structure of cellular vitreous carbon foams}, journal = {Carbon}, volume = {50}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {2026-2036}, author = {X. LI and M.C. BASSO and F.L. BRAGHIROLI and V. FIERRO and A. PIZZI and A. CELZARD} } @article {545, title = {Wood adhesives from agricultural by-products: lignins and tannins for the elaboration of particleboards}, journal = {Cellulose Chem Techn.}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, chapter = {457-462}, author = {LAN-PING, F. and GAMBIER, F. and PIZZI, A. and ZHOU-DING, G. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {712, title = {Condensed tannins extraction from grape pomace: characterization and utilization as wood adhesives for wood particleboard.}, journal = {Industrial Crops Product sous presse}, volume = {34}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {907-914}, author = {LAN, P. and BROSSE, N. and PIZZI, A. and ZHOU-DING, G.} } @article {1423, title = {Condensed tannins extraction from grape pomace: characterization and utilization as wood adhesives for wood particleboard,}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod.,}, volume = {34}, year = {2011}, chapter = {907-914}, author = {LAN, P. and PIZZI, A. and DING-GUO, Z. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1445, title = {Enhancing the exterior performance of wood linear and rotational welding.}, journal = {J. Adh. Sci. Technol.}, volume = {, 25}, year = {2011}, chapter = { 2717-2730 }, author = {PIZZI. A and MANSOURI. H. R and LEBAN. J .M and DELMOTTE. L. and OMRANI. P and PICHELIN. F} } @article {713, title = {Evaluation of grape stalks as a bioresource}, journal = {Industrial Crops Product}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {200-204}, author = {LAN, P and BROSSE, N and SANNIGRAHI, P and X. RAGAUSKAS} } @article {717, title = {Extraction of condensed tannins from grape pomace for use as wood adhesives}, journal = {Industrial Crops Product}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {253-257}, author = {LAN, P. and BROSSE, N. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and NAVARRETE, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1424, title = {Extraction of condensed tannins from grape pomace for use as wood adhesives}, journal = {Ind. Crop. Prod.,}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, chapter = {253-257}, author = {LAN, P. and BROSSE, N. and CHRUSCIEL, L. and NAVARETTE, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {714, title = {Glutathione Transferases of Phanerochaete chrysosporium: S-glytathionyl-p-hydroquinone reductase belongs to a new structural class}, journal = {Journal of Biological Chemistry}, volume = {286}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {9162-9173}, author = {MEUX, E. and PASCALITA, P. and NGADIN, A. and DIDIERJEAN, C. and MOREL, M. and DUMARCAY, S. and LAMANT, T. and JACQUOT, JP. and FAVIER, F. and GELHAYE, E.} } @article {1448, title = {Influence of welding parameters on weldline density and its relation to crack formation in welded scots pine}, journal = {J.Adh. Sci.Technol. }, volume = { 25}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1450, title = {Influence of wood welding parameters and wood properties on water absorption in Scots pine joints induced by linear friction welding,}, journal = { J. Adh. Sci. Technol.}, volume = { 25}, year = {2011}, month = { 2011,}, pages = { 1839-1847}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {1429, title = {Limitation of XPS for analysis of wood species containing high amounts of lipophilic extractives}, journal = {Wood Sci. Technol.}, volume = {45}, year = {2011}, chapter = {369-382}, author = {NGUILA-INARI, G. and PETRISSANS, M. and DUMARCAY, S. and LAMBERT, J. and EHRHARDT, J.J. and {\v S}ERNEK, M. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {716, title = {Limitation of XPS for analysis of wood species containing high amounts of lipophilic extractives}, journal = { Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {45}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {369-382}, author = {NGUILA-INARI, G. and PETRISSANS, M. and DUMARCAY, S. and LAMBERT, J. and EHRHARDT, J.J. and GERARDIN, P. and M. SERNEK} } @article {1449, title = {Magnetic resonance imaging of water distribution in welded woods}, journal = {J. Adh. Sci.Technol.}, volume = { 25}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, pages = {1997-200}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and ORADD, G. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {711, title = {Microwave-assisted synthesis of polyglycerol from glycerol carbonate}, journal = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, volume = {120}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, chapter = {2354-2360}, author = {IAYCH, K. and DUMARCAY, S. and FREDON, E. and GERARDIN, C. and LEMOR, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {1422, title = {Microwave-assisted synthesis of polyglycerol from glycerol carbonate.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polym. Sci., }, volume = {120}, year = {2011}, chapter = {2354-2360}, author = {IAYCH, K. and DUMARCAY, S. and FREDON, E. and GERARDIN, C. and LEMOR, A. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {749, title = {Adhesive evaluation of some synthetic oligolignols. A molecular docking study.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1739-1751}, author = {MARTINEZ, C. and SEDANO, M. and MUNRO, A. and LOPEZ-ALBARRAN, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {747, title = {End-grain butt joints obtained by friction welding of high density eucalyptus wood}, journal = {Wood Sci. Technol.}, volume = {44}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {399-406}, author = {MANSOURI, M. and LEBAN, J.M. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {745, title = {Gluten protein adhesives for wood panels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1583-1596}, author = {LEI, H. and PIZZI, A. and NAVARRETE, P. and RIGOLET, S. and REDL, A. and WAGNER, A.} } @article {748, title = {High Density Panels by Wood Veneers Welding without any Adhesives}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1529-1534}, author = {MANSOURI, M. and LEBAN, J.M. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {744, title = {Influence of nanoclay on phenol-formaldehyde and phenol-urea-formaldehyde resins for wood adhesives}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1567-1576}, author = {LEI, H. and DU, G. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A. and FANG, Q.} } @article {758, title = {Melamine-formaldehyde resins without urea for wood panels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1415-1422}, author = {PENDLEBURY, E. and LEI, H. and ANTOINE, M.L. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {768, title = {Moisture properties of Scots pine joints induced by linear wood welding}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1519-1527}, author = {VAZIRI, M. and LINDGREN, O. and PIZZI, A. and MANSOURI, H.R.} } @article {763, title = {Natural lignans adhesion to cellulose: computational vs experimental results}, journal = { J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, chapter = {1769-1786}, author = {SEDANO-MENDOZA, M. and LOPEZ-ALBARRAN, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {848, title = {Effect of heat treatment on extracellular enzymatic activities involved in beech wood degradation by Trametes versicolor.}, journal = {Wood Sciences and Technology}, volume = {43}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {331-341}, author = {LEKOUNOUGOU, S. and PETRISSANS, M. and JACQUOT, J.P. and GELHAYE, E. and GERARDIN, P.} } @article {865, title = {High resin content natural matrix-natural fibre biocomposites}, journal = {Ind. Crops \& Prod.}, volume = {30}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {235-240}, author = {PIZZI, A. and KUENY, R. and LECOANET, F. and MASSETAU, B. and CARPENTIER, D. and KREBS, A. and LOISEAU, F. and MOLINA, S. and RAGOUBI, M.} } @article {860, title = {Physico-chemical causes of the extent of water resistance of linearly welded wood joints.}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {23}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {827-837}, author = {OMRANI, P. and PIZZI, A. and MANSOURI, H. and LEBAN, J.M. and DELMOTTE, L.} } @article {840, title = {Properties of new cationic amphiphilic polymers in hydro-alcoholic media}, journal = {Polymer International}, volume = {58}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {1390-1400}, author = {BEZZAOUCHA, F. and LOCHON, P. and JONCQUIERE, A. and AINAD-TABET, D. and BREMBILLA, A. and FISCHER, A.} } @article {850, title = {Wood preservation by a mixed anhydride treatment {\textendash} A 13C NMR investigation on simple models of polymeric wood constituents.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {112}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {44-51}, author = {LYON, F. and THEVENON, M.F. and PIZZI, A. and TONDI, G.} } @article {849, title = {Wood preservation by a mixed anhydride treatment {\textendash} A 13C NMR investigation on simple models of polymeric wood constituents.}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {112}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {44-51}, author = {LYON, F. and THEVENON, M.F. and PIZZI, A. and TONDI, G. and DESPRES, A. and GRIL, J. and RIGOLET, S.} } @article {872, title = {X-ray microtomography studies of tanninderived organic and carbon foams}, journal = {Microscopy \& Microanalysis}, volume = {15}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, chapter = {395-402}, author = {TONDI, G. and BLACHER, S. and LEONARD, A. and PIZZI, A. and FIERRO, V. and LEBAN, J.M. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {901, title = {CP-MAS 13C NMR and FTIR investigation of the degradation reactions of polymer constituents in wood welding}, journal = {Polymer Degrad. \& Stabil.}, volume = {93}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {406-412}, author = {DELMOTTE, L. and GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and LEBAN, J.M. and PIZZI, A. and PICHELIN, F.} } @article {912, title = {Dependence of dowel welding from rotation rate}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {66}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {241-242}, author = {LEAN, J.M. and MANSOURI, HR. and OMRANI, P. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {915, title = {Effects of propiconazole on extra-cellular enzymes involved in nutrient mobilization during Trametes versicolor wood colonization}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {49}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {162-177}, author = {LEKOUNOUGOU, S. and JACQUOT, J.P. and GERARDIN, P. and GELHAYE, E.} } @article {914, title = {Environment-friendly, mixed tannin/lignin wood resins}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {107}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {203-209}, author = {LEI, H. and PIZZI, A. and DU, G.} } @article {917, title = {F-Amphiphilic 1,2,3-triazoles by unexpected intramolecular cyclisation of vinylazide}, journal = {European Journal of Organic Chemistry}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {2232-2239}, author = {MAYOT, E. and LEMIERE, P. and GERARDIN-CHARBONNIER, C.} } @article {913, title = {Influence of nanoclay on urea-formaldehyde resins for wood adhesives}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {109}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {2442-2451}, author = {LEI, H. and DU, G. and PIZZI, A. and CELZARD, A.} } @article {916, title = {Initial stages of Fagus sylvatica wood colonization by the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor : enzymatic characterization}, journal = {International Biodeterioration \& Degradation}, volume = {61}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {287-293}, author = {LEKOUNOUGOU, S. and MOUNGUENGUI, S. and DUMARCAY, S. and ROSE, C. and COURTY, P.E. and GARBAYE, J. and GERARDIN, P. and JACQUOT, J.P. and GELHAYE, E.} } @article {907, title = {Predicting the thermal behaviour of wood during linear welding using the finite element method}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {22}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {1209-1221}, author = {GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and DUCHANOIS, G. and PIZZI, A. and LEBAN, J.M. and PICHELIN, F.} } @article {905, title = {Synthesis-Structure-Performance relationship of cocondensed phenol-urea-formaldehyde resins by MALDI-TOF and 13C NMR}, journal = {J. Appl. Polymer Sci.}, volume = {110}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {1182-1194}, author = {DU, G. and LEI, H. and PIZZI, A. and PASCH, H.} } @article {934, title = {On the use of colloid-enhanced ultrafiltration in view of enantiomeric enrichments and limiting conditions}, journal = {Colloids and Surfaces A: physicochem. Eng. Aspects}, volume = {317}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {431-437}, author = {TONDRE, C. and PARANT, S. and LEMIERE, P. and GERARDIN, C.} } @article {908, title = {Wood welded connections: Energy release rate measurement}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {22}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {169-179}, author = {GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and DUCHANOIS, G. and PIZZI, A. and PICHELIN, F. and PROPERZI, M. and LEBAN, J.M.} } @article {909, title = {Wood welding: chemical and physical changes according to the welding time}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {22}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, chapter = {761-773}, author = {GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and PROPERZI, M. and LEBAN, J.M. and PIZZI, A. and PICHELIN, F.} } @article {968, title = {Comparative potential of alternative wood welding systems {\textendash} Ultrasonics and micro friction stir welding}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {1633-1643}, author = {TONDI, G. and ANDREWS, S. and PIZZI, A. and LEBAN, J.M.} } @article {954, title = {Edge and face linear vibration welding of wood panels}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {65}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {83-85}, author = {GANNE-CHEDEVILLE, C. and PROPERZI, M. and PIZZI, A. and LEBAN, J.M. and PICHELIN, F.} } @article {958, title = {Effect of an oil heat treatment on leachability and biological resistance of boric acid impregnated wood}, journal = {Ann. For. Sci.}, volume = {64}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {673-678}, author = {LYON, F. and THEVENON, M.F. and HWANG, W.J. and IMAMURA, Y. and GRIL, J. and PIZZI, A.} } @article {955, title = {Evolution of wood surface free energy after heat treatment}, journal = {Polymer Degradation and Stability}, volume = {92}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {653-657}, author = {GERARDIN, P. and PETRIC, M. and PETRISSANS, M. and LAMBERT, J. and EHRHRARDT, J.J.} } @article {957, title = {Leachability and termite resistance of wood treated with a new preservative: ammonium borate oleate}, journal = {Holz Roh Werkstoff}, volume = {65}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {359-366}, author = {LYON, F. and PIZZI, A. and IMAMURA, Y. and THEVENON, M.F. and NAMI-KARTAL, S. and GRIL, J.} } @article {980, title = {Wood joints and laminated wood beams assembled by mechanically welded wood dowels}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci.Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {301-317}, author = {BOCQUET, J.F. and PIZZI, A. and DESPRES, A. and MANSOURI, H.R. and RESCH, L. and MICHEL, D. and LETORT, F.} } @article {982, title = {Zig-zag rotational dowel welding for exterior wood joints}, journal = {J. Adhesion Sci. Technol.}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, chapter = {923-933}, author = {OMRANI,P. and BOCQUET, J.F. and PIZZI,A. and LEBAN, J.M. and MANSOURI,H.R.} } @article {1425, title = {. Extraction of polyphenolics from lignocellulosic materials and agricultural byproducts for the conception of resin for wood adhesives}, journal = {J. Biobased Mater Bioenergy. }, volume = { 5}, chapter = {1-6 }, author = {LAN, P. and EL-HAGE, R., and PIZZI, A. and DING-GUO, Z. and BROSSE, N.} } @article {1408, title = {Low-Pressure Superheated Steam Drying of a Porous Media}, journal = {Drying Technology: An International Journal,}, volume = {33(1)}, pages = {103-110}, author = {MESSAI S and SGHAIER J and EL GANAOUI M and CHRUSCIEL L and GABSI S} }